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NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Cape Verde Islands (1)
-
Central Africa
-
Angola
-
Cuanza Basin (1)
-
-
Congo (1)
-
Equatorial Guinea (1)
-
-
Congo Basin (1)
-
East Africa
-
Tanzania (1)
-
-
North Africa
-
Atlas Mountains
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (1)
-
-
-
Egypt
-
Nile Delta (3)
-
Sinai Egypt (1)
-
-
Morocco
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (1)
-
-
Rif (1)
-
-
Tunisia (1)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (4)
-
Karoo Basin (11)
-
Namibia
-
Kaoko Belt (1)
-
-
South Africa
-
Cape fold belt (1)
-
Eastern Cape Province South Africa (1)
-
KwaZulu-Natal South Africa (1)
-
Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton Mountain Land (1)
-
-
Transvaal region (3)
-
Western Cape Province South Africa (1)
-
-
-
West Africa
-
Benue Valley (1)
-
Cameroon (1)
-
Nigeria
-
Niger Delta (2)
-
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic Peninsula (1)
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Barents Sea
-
White Sea (1)
-
-
Beaufort Sea (1)
-
Mid-Arctic Ocean Ridge (1)
-
Norwegian Sea
-
Kolbeinsey Ridge (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
Fiskenaesset Greenland (1)
-
South Greenland (2)
-
West Greenland (2)
-
-
Svalbard
-
Spitsbergen (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Oman
-
Oman Mountains (1)
-
-
United Arab Emirates (1)
-
-
Far East
-
Borneo
-
Brunei (1)
-
-
Burma (1)
-
China
-
Dabie Mountains (1)
-
Guizhou China (2)
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Jiangsu China (2)
-
North China Platform (1)
-
Shandong China
-
Qingdao China (1)
-
-
Sulu Terrane (1)
-
Xizang China
-
Lhasa China (1)
-
-
-
Indonesia (1)
-
Japan
-
Hidaka Japan (1)
-
Hokkaido (1)
-
Honshu
-
Chiba Japan (1)
-
Chiba Peninsula (4)
-
Kii Peninsula (1)
-
-
Kyushu
-
Kagoshima Japan (1)
-
-
Ryukyu Islands
-
Okinawa (1)
-
-
-
Malaysia (1)
-
Philippine Islands
-
Luzon
-
Mount Pinatubo (1)
-
-
-
Taiwan (1)
-
-
Himalayas (1)
-
Indian Peninsula
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Bhutan (1)
-
India
-
Andhra Pradesh India (1)
-
Ghats
-
Western Ghats (1)
-
-
Gujarat India
-
Saurashtra (1)
-
-
Karnataka India
-
Chitradurga schist belt (1)
-
-
Madhya Pradesh India
-
Sidhi India (1)
-
-
Maharashtra India
-
Mumbai India (1)
-
-
Orissa India (1)
-
Rajasthan India
-
Khetri copper belt (1)
-
-
Uttar Pradesh India (1)
-
-
-
Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (1)
-
Middle East
-
Cyprus (2)
-
Dead Sea (1)
-
Iran
-
Elburz (1)
-
-
Israel (3)
-
Lebanon
-
Beirut Lebanon (1)
-
-
Turkey
-
North Anatolian Fault (1)
-
Sea of Marmara (1)
-
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
Equatorial Atlantic (1)
-
Mid-Atlantic Ridge (6)
-
North Atlantic
-
Amazon Fan (1)
-
Baltic Sea
-
Gulf of Finland (1)
-
-
Barbados Ridge (1)
-
Bay of Biscay (1)
-
Blake Plateau
-
Blake Nose (1)
-
-
Blake-Bahama Basin (1)
-
Caribbean Sea
-
Nicaragua Rise (1)
-
-
English Channel (2)
-
Exuma Sound (1)
-
Faeroe-Shetland Basin (1)
-
Frobisher Bay (1)
-
Great Bahama Bank (1)
-
Gulf of Cadiz (1)
-
Gulf of Guinea (2)
-
Gulf of Mexico
-
Alaminos Canyon (1)
-
Mississippi Fan (1)
-
-
Nares abyssal plain (1)
-
North Sea
-
Viking Graben (2)
-
-
Northeast Atlantic (4)
-
Northwest Atlantic (7)
-
Scotian Shelf (2)
-
Straits of Florida (1)
-
Tongue of the Ocean (1)
-
-
South Atlantic
-
Espirito Santo Basin (1)
-
Lower Congo Basin (1)
-
Santos Basin (1)
-
Southeast Atlantic (3)
-
Southwest Atlantic (2)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Azores (2)
-
Bermuda (1)
-
Canary Islands
-
Fuerteventura (1)
-
Grand Canary (1)
-
Hierro (1)
-
-
Cape Verde Islands (1)
-
Faeroe Islands (1)
-
Madeira
-
Porto Santo Island (1)
-
-
Shetland Islands (4)
-
-
Austral Basin (3)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
New South Wales Australia (3)
-
Otway Basin (2)
-
Queensland Australia
-
Mount Isa Australia (1)
-
-
South Australia (1)
-
Victoria Australia (1)
-
Western Australia
-
Canning Basin (1)
-
Hamersley Province (1)
-
Pilbara Craton (2)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Bay of Plenty (1)
-
Gisborne New Zealand (1)
-
Northland New Zealand (1)
-
Taupo volcanic zone (1)
-
-
Papua New Guinea (1)
-
-
Broken Hill (1)
-
Caledonides (1)
-
Campos Basin (2)
-
Canada
-
Arctic Archipelago (1)
-
Eastern Canada
-
Baffin Island (1)
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick
-
Gloucester County New Brunswick
-
Bathurst mining district (2)
-
-
-
Nova Scotia (2)
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland (3)
-
-
Ontario
-
Renfrew County Ontario
-
Chalk River Ontario (1)
-
-
-
Quebec
-
Noranda Quebec (1)
-
Temiscamingue County Quebec
-
Rouyn Quebec (1)
-
-
-
-
Labrador Trough (1)
-
Mackenzie Mountains (1)
-
Nunavut
-
Baffin Island (1)
-
-
Western Canada
-
British Columbia
-
Vancouver Island
-
Victoria British Columbia (2)
-
-
-
Northwest Territories (1)
-
-
-
Caribbean region
-
West Indies
-
Antilles
-
Greater Antilles
-
Hispaniola (1)
-
Jamaica (2)
-
Puerto Rico (1)
-
-
Lesser Antilles
-
Barbados (3)
-
Martinique (1)
-
Montserrat Island
-
Soufriere Hills (1)
-
-
Soufriere (1)
-
Trinidad and Tobago
-
Trinidad (1)
-
-
Virgin Islands
-
U. S. Virgin Islands
-
Saint Croix (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Bahamas (4)
-
Cayman Islands
-
Grand Cayman Island (1)
-
-
-
-
Cascadia subduction zone (1)
-
Caspian Sea (1)
-
Central America
-
Belize (1)
-
Costa Rica (1)
-
-
Central Cordillera (1)
-
Central Graben (1)
-
Chicxulub Crater (1)
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Azerbaijan (1)
-
Russian Federation
-
Karelia Russian Federation (1)
-
-
-
Diablo Range (1)
-
DSDP Site 504 (1)
-
East Coast Basin (1)
-
East Pacific Ocean Islands
-
Easter Island (1)
-
Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
-
Hawaii Island
-
Kilauea (5)
-
Kohala (1)
-
Kona (1)
-
-
-
Honolulu County Hawaii
-
Oahu (2)
-
-
Kauai County Hawaii
-
Kauai (1)
-
-
Maui County Hawaii
-
Maui
-
Haleakala (1)
-
-
-
Mauna Loa (6)
-
Molokai (1)
-
-
-
Europe
-
Adriatic region (1)
-
Alps
-
Eastern Alps
-
Dolomites (1)
-
-
Western Alps
-
Ligurian Alps (1)
-
-
-
Azerbaijan (1)
-
Central Europe
-
Austria (1)
-
Germany
-
Bavaria Germany
-
Munchberg Gneiss Massif (1)
-
-
-
Poland
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
Sudeten Mountains
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Danube River (1)
-
Jutland (1)
-
Karelia Russian Federation (1)
-
Pyrenees
-
Spanish Pyrenees (3)
-
-
Southern Europe
-
Croatia (1)
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Spain
-
Andalusia Spain
-
Almeria Spain (3)
-
Malaga Spain (1)
-
-
Aragon Spain (2)
-
Basque Provinces Spain (2)
-
Betic Cordillera (3)
-
Cantabrian Basin (2)
-
Catalonia Spain (1)
-
Navarra Spain
-
Pamplona Spain (1)
-
-
Spanish Pyrenees (3)
-
-
-
Italy
-
Apennines (1)
-
Calabria Italy (1)
-
Campania Italy
-
Phlegraean Fields (1)
-
-
Liguria Italy
-
Ligurian Alps (1)
-
-
Marches Italy (1)
-
Piemonte Italy (1)
-
Sardinia Italy (1)
-
Sicily Italy
-
Lipari Islands
-
Stromboli (2)
-
-
Pantelleria (2)
-
-
Trentino-Alto Adige Italy
-
Bolzano Italy (1)
-
-
Umbria Italy (1)
-
-
Romania
-
Constanta Romania
-
Mangalia Romania (1)
-
-
-
-
Tauern Window (1)
-
Variscides (1)
-
Western Europe
-
Belgium (1)
-
France
-
Alpes-de-Haute Provence France (1)
-
Alpes-Maritimes France
-
Nice France (1)
-
-
Bouches-du-Rhone France (2)
-
Brittany (1)
-
Corsica (1)
-
Languedoc (1)
-
Provence (1)
-
Var France (1)
-
-
Iceland
-
Surtsey (1)
-
-
Ireland
-
Clare Ireland (2)
-
-
Scandinavia
-
Denmark (1)
-
Norway
-
Bergen Norway (1)
-
Northern Norway (1)
-
-
Sweden
-
Kalmar Sweden
-
Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory (1)
-
-
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Wessex Basin (1)
-
-
Scotland
-
Aberdeenshire Scotland
-
Aberdeen Scotland (1)
-
-
Argyllshire Scotland
-
Islay (1)
-
-
Ayrshire Scotland (1)
-
Hebrides
-
Inner Hebrides
-
Islay (1)
-
-
-
Highland region Scotland
-
Caithness Scotland (1)
-
-
Moray Firth (1)
-
Scottish Highlands
-
Grampian Highlands (1)
-
-
Shetland Islands (4)
-
-
Wales (1)
-
-
Northern Ireland
-
Tyrone Northern Ireland (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Grand Banks (1)
-
Green Canyon (1)
-
Hikurangi Margin (2)
-
Indian Ocean
-
Arabian Sea
-
Indus Fan (1)
-
Persian Gulf (2)
-
-
Bay of Bengal (3)
-
Exmouth Plateau (1)
-
Great Australian Bight (2)
-
Naturaliste Plateau (1)
-
Red Sea
-
Gulf of Suez (1)
-
-
Somali Basin (1)
-
-
Indian Ocean Islands
-
Mascarene Islands
-
Reunion (1)
-
-
Mayotte (1)
-
-
International Ocean Discovery Program
-
Expedition 349
-
IODP Site U1433 (1)
-
IODP Site U1434 (1)
-
-
-
Kerguelen Plateau (1)
-
Krishna-Godavari Basin (2)
-
Malay Archipelago
-
Borneo
-
Brunei (1)
-
-
-
Mediterranean region (1)
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
East Mediterranean
-
Adriatic Sea (3)
-
Black Sea (3)
-
Eratosthenes Seamount (1)
-
Ionian Sea (1)
-
Levantine Basin (3)
-
-
Mediterranean Ridge (1)
-
Strait of Sicily (2)
-
West Mediterranean
-
Gulf of Lion (1)
-
Ligurian Sea (1)
-
Tyrrhenian Sea (4)
-
-
-
Meseta (1)
-
Mexico
-
Baja California (1)
-
Nayarit Mexico (1)
-
-
Middleton Island (1)
-
Midland Valley (1)
-
Midlands (1)
-
NanTroSEIZE
-
Expedition 314 (1)
-
IODP Site C0002 (1)
-
-
North America
-
Appalachian Basin (2)
-
Canadian Shield
-
Churchill Province
-
Hearne Province (1)
-
Rae Province (1)
-
-
Superior Province
-
Abitibi Belt (3)
-
-
-
Great Lakes region (1)
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (2)
-
Michigan Basin (2)
-
Strait of Georgia (1)
-
-
North Island (4)
-
Oceania
-
Micronesia
-
Mariana Islands
-
Northern Mariana Islands (1)
-
-
Marshall Islands
-
Enewetak Atoll (1)
-
-
-
Polynesia
-
French Polynesia
-
Society Islands (1)
-
-
Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
-
Hawaii Island
-
Kilauea (5)
-
Kohala (1)
-
Kona (1)
-
-
-
Honolulu County Hawaii
-
Oahu (2)
-
-
Kauai County Hawaii
-
Kauai (1)
-
-
Maui County Hawaii
-
Maui
-
Haleakala (1)
-
-
-
Mauna Loa (6)
-
Molokai (1)
-
-
Pitcairn Island (1)
-
Tonga (1)
-
-
-
Pacific Ocean
-
Central Pacific (2)
-
East Pacific
-
East Pacific Rise (7)
-
Galapagos Rift (1)
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Axial Seamount (2)
-
Blanco fracture zone (1)
-
Cascadia Basin (1)
-
Gorda Rise (2)
-
Gulf of Alaska (2)
-
Hawaiian Ridge (2)
-
Hydrate Ridge (1)
-
Juan de Fuca Ridge
-
Cleft Segment (2)
-
-
Loihi Seamount (3)
-
Mendocino fracture zone (1)
-
Monterey Canyon (4)
-
San Diego Trough (1)
-
Santa Monica Basin (1)
-
-
Peru-Chile Trench (1)
-
Southeast Pacific
-
Chile Ridge (1)
-
Lau Basin (3)
-
-
-
Equatorial Pacific (1)
-
North Pacific
-
Bering Sea (1)
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Axial Seamount (2)
-
Blanco fracture zone (1)
-
Cascadia Basin (1)
-
Gorda Rise (2)
-
Gulf of Alaska (2)
-
Hawaiian Ridge (2)
-
Hydrate Ridge (1)
-
Juan de Fuca Ridge
-
Cleft Segment (2)
-
-
Loihi Seamount (3)
-
Mendocino fracture zone (1)
-
Monterey Canyon (4)
-
San Diego Trough (1)
-
Santa Monica Basin (1)
-
-
Northwest Pacific
-
Emperor Seamounts (1)
-
Japan Sea (1)
-
Kumano Basin (2)
-
Nankai Trough (2)
-
Okinawa Trough (1)
-
Philippine Sea
-
Ryukyu Trench (1)
-
-
South China Sea
-
Gulf of Thailand (1)
-
Qiongdongnan Basin (2)
-
-
Yellow Sea
-
Bohai Sea (1)
-
-
-
-
South Pacific
-
Southeast Pacific
-
Chile Ridge (1)
-
Lau Basin (3)
-
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Banda Sea (2)
-
Bismarck Sea
-
Manus Basin
-
PACMANUS hydrothermal field (1)
-
-
-
Cook Strait (2)
-
Coral Sea
-
Great Barrier Reef (1)
-
-
-
-
West Pacific
-
Banda Arc (1)
-
Indonesian Seas
-
Banda Sea (2)
-
-
Northwest Pacific
-
Emperor Seamounts (1)
-
Japan Sea (1)
-
Kumano Basin (2)
-
Nankai Trough (2)
-
Okinawa Trough (1)
-
Philippine Sea
-
Ryukyu Trench (1)
-
-
South China Sea
-
Gulf of Thailand (1)
-
Qiongdongnan Basin (2)
-
-
Yellow Sea
-
Bohai Sea (1)
-
-
-
Ontong Java Plateau (1)
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Banda Sea (2)
-
Bismarck Sea
-
Manus Basin
-
PACMANUS hydrothermal field (1)
-
-
-
Cook Strait (2)
-
Coral Sea
-
Great Barrier Reef (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Pacific-Antarctic Ridge (1)
-
Permian Basin (1)
-
Sacramento Mountains (1)
-
Sacramento Valley (1)
-
Saint Helena (1)
-
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-
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-
Santa Lucia Range (1)
-
Scotia Ridge (1)
-
Sierra Nevada (3)
-
South America
-
Andes
-
Western Cordillera (1)
-
-
Brazil (6)
-
Chile
-
Magallanes Chile (2)
-
-
Peru (2)
-
-
South Island (1)
-
Southern Ocean
-
Bransfield Strait (1)
-
Ross Sea (1)
-
-
Southern Uplands (2)
-
Southwest Indian Ridge (1)
-
United States
-
Alabama (1)
-
Alaska
-
Aleutian Islands
-
Adak Island (1)
-
-
Brooks Range
-
De Long Mountains (1)
-
-
Wrangell Mountains (1)
-
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Arkansas
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Ouachita County Arkansas (1)
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Arkoma Basin (2)
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Atlantic Coastal Plain (2)
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California
-
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Kern County California (1)
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-
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Mariposa County California (1)
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Monterey Bay (2)
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-
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-
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-
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-
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San Emigdio Mountains (1)
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Santa Ana Mountains (1)
-
Santa Barbara Channel (1)
-
Santa Barbara County California
-
Santa Maria California (1)
-
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Sierra County California (1)
-
Southern California (4)
-
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Chesapeake Bay (1)
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Delaware Basin (1)
-
Florida
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Florida Keys (1)
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Monroe County Florida (1)
-
-
Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
-
Hawaii Island
-
Kilauea (5)
-
Kohala (1)
-
Kona (1)
-
-
-
Honolulu County Hawaii
-
Oahu (2)
-
-
Kauai County Hawaii
-
Kauai (1)
-
-
Maui County Hawaii
-
Maui
-
Haleakala (1)
-
-
-
Mauna Loa (6)
-
Molokai (1)
-
-
Illinois (1)
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Illinois Basin (1)
-
Indiana
-
Wabash County Indiana (1)
-
-
Kentucky
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hydrogen
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C-13/C-12 (12)
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (3)
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O-18/O-16 (12)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (2)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
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S-33/S-32 (1)
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S-34/S-32 (9)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (6)
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large-ion lithophile elements (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (6)
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iron
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lead
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (12)
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silicon (1)
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S-34/S-32 (9)
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Invertebrata
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Mollusca
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Porifera
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Protista
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Foraminifera
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Globigerinacea
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Globigerinidae
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Globigerinoides
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Globigerinoides ruber (1)
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Radiolaria (2)
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Vermes (2)
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microfossils
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Conodonta (2)
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Plantae
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problematic fossils
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geochronology methods
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Ar/Ar (5)
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Pleistocene
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upper Quaternary (8)
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Stone Age
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Tertiary
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lower Miocene (1)
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Messinian
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Tortonian (2)
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Pliocene
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lower Pliocene
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Zanclean (1)
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Paleogene
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Eocene
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middle Eocene (6)
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upper Eocene (1)
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Oligocene
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upper Oligocene (1)
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Paleocene
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lower Paleocene
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K-T boundary (1)
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Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (1)
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upper Tertiary (1)
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Yakataga Formation (1)
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Dalradian (1)
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Lower Cretaceous
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Albian (2)
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Middle Cretaceous (1)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Campanian (4)
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Coniacian (1)
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Fox Hills Formation (1)
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K-T boundary (1)
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Lance Formation (1)
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Lewis Shale (1)
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Maestrichtian
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lower Maestrichtian (1)
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Point Loma Formation (1)
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Rosario Formation (1)
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Santonian (2)
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Senonian (6)
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Great Valley Sequence (1)
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Jurassic
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Heather Formation (1)
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Lower Jurassic
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Toarcian (1)
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Middle Jurassic
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Callovian (2)
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Upper Jurassic
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Kimmeridge Clay (1)
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middle Oxfordian (1)
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Volgian (1)
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Triassic
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Lower Triassic
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Permian-Triassic boundary (2)
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Upper Triassic
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Carnian (1)
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MIS 2 (1)
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Paleozoic
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Cambrian
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Carboniferous
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Lower Mississippian
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Osagian (1)
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Upper Mississippian
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Chesterian (1)
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-
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Pennsylvanian
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Lower Pennsylvanian
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Caseyville Formation (1)
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Middle Pennsylvanian
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Atokan
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Atoka Formation (1)
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-
-
-
-
Cow Head Group (1)
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Devonian
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Lower Devonian (1)
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Upper Devonian
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Ohio Shale (1)
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Laborcita Formation (1)
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lower Paleozoic (2)
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Ordovician
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Middle Ordovician
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Ammonoosuc Volcanics (1)
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Miramichi Group (2)
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Tetagouche Group (3)
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Upper Ordovician
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Caradocian (1)
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Katian (1)
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-
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Permian
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Ecca Group (2)
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Guadalupian
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Brushy Canyon Formation (1)
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Lower Permian
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Wolfcampian (1)
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Rotliegendes (1)
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Upper Permian
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Permian-Triassic boundary (2)
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Zechstein (1)
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Silurian
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Lower Silurian
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Llandovery (1)
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Wenlock (2)
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Middle Silurian (2)
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upper Paleozoic
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Antrim Shale (1)
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Phanerozoic (3)
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Precambrian
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Archean
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Blake River Group (1)
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Neoarchean
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Dharwar Supergroup (1)
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Paleoarchean
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Hooggenoeg Formation (1)
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Brockman Iron Formation (1)
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Hamersley Group (1)
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Onverwacht Group (1)
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Damara System (1)
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Mesoproterozoic (1)
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Neoproterozoic (3)
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Paleoproterozoic (2)
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igneous rocks
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extrusive rocks (2)
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igneous rocks
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hypabyssal rocks (2)
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peperite (1)
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plutonic rocks
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anorthosite (1)
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diabase (3)
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diorites
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gabbros (1)
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granites (2)
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ultramafics
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harzburgite (1)
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porphyry
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vitrophyre (1)
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volcanic rocks
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andesites
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boninite (1)
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basalts
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alkali basalts
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spilite (1)
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mid-ocean ridge basalts (6)
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ocean-island basalts (4)
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shoshonite (2)
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tholeiite (2)
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tholeiitic basalt (2)
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basanite (2)
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dacites (3)
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glasses
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palagonite (2)
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volcanic glass (8)
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keratophyre (1)
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komatiite (1)
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pyroclastics
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ash-flow tuff (1)
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hyaloclastite (8)
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ignimbrite (1)
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pumice (3)
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tuff (8)
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rhyolites (1)
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trachyandesites (1)
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vitrophyre (1)
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-
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ophiolite (6)
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volcanic ash (2)
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metamorphic rocks
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metamorphic rocks
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amphibolites (1)
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orthogneiss (1)
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metaigneous rocks
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meta-anorthosite (1)
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metabasalt (4)
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metakomatiite (1)
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metatuff (1)
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serpentinite (1)
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metasedimentary rocks (8)
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metasomatic rocks
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serpentinite (1)
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skarn (1)
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metavolcanic rocks (6)
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quartzites (1)
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schists
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greenstone (1)
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ophiolite (6)
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turbidite (45)
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minerals
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carbonates
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aragonite (3)
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calcite (5)
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dolomite (2)
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ikaite (3)
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magnesian calcite (2)
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monohydrocalcite (1)
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halides
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chlorides
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halite (1)
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-
-
hydrates (2)
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minerals (4)
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native elements (1)
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oxides
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ferrihydrite (1)
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goethite (2)
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hematite (4)
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iron oxides (4)
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limonite (1)
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magnetite (2)
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manganese oxides (1)
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martite (1)
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rutile (1)
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titanomagnetite (2)
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phosphates
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monazite (2)
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silicates
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chain silicates
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pyroxene group
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clinopyroxene (5)
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orthopyroxene (1)
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tobermorite (1)
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xonotlite (1)
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framework silicates
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feldspar group
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plagioclase (1)
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silica minerals
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jasper (1)
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opal
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opal-A (1)
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opal-CT (1)
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quartz (1)
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zeolite group
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analcime (1)
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chabazite (1)
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phillipsite (1)
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-
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orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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olivine group
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olivine (2)
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titanite group
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titanite (1)
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zircon group
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zircon (4)
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-
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sorosilicates
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epidote group
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epidote (1)
-
-
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sheet silicates
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clay minerals
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beidellite (1)
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montmorillonite (2)
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nontronite (1)
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smectite (6)
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mica group
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glauconite (1)
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talc (2)
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sulfates
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anhydrite (2)
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barite (1)
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celestine (1)
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gypsum (1)
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sulfides
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bornite (1)
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chalcopyrite (2)
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copper sulfides (1)
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galena (1)
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metastibnite (1)
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pyrite (3)
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pyrrhotite (1)
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sphalerite (1)
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stibnite (1)
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-
-
Primary terms
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absolute age (23)
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Africa
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Cape Verde Islands (1)
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Central Africa
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Angola
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Cuanza Basin (1)
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Congo (1)
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Equatorial Guinea (1)
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Congo Basin (1)
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East Africa
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Tanzania (1)
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North Africa
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Atlas Mountains
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Anti-Atlas (1)
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Egypt
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Sinai Egypt (1)
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Morocco
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Anti-Atlas (1)
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Rif (1)
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Tunisia (1)
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Southern Africa
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Barberton greenstone belt (4)
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Karoo Basin (11)
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Namibia
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Kaoko Belt (1)
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South Africa
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Cape fold belt (1)
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Eastern Cape Province South Africa (1)
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KwaZulu-Natal South Africa (1)
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Mpumalanga South Africa
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Barberton Mountain Land (1)
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Transvaal region (3)
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Western Cape Province South Africa (1)
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West Africa
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Benue Valley (1)
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Nigeria
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Niger Delta (2)
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Antarctica
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Arctic Ocean
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Beaufort Sea (1)
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Arctic region
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Greenland
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Svalbard
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Asia
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United Arab Emirates (1)
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Far East
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Burma (1)
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China
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Guizhou China (2)
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Shandong China
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Qingdao China (1)
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Sulu Terrane (1)
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Indonesia (1)
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Japan
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Hokkaido (1)
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Honshu
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Chiba Japan (1)
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Chiba Peninsula (4)
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Kii Peninsula (1)
-
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Kyushu
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Kagoshima Japan (1)
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Ryukyu Islands
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Okinawa (1)
-
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Malaysia (1)
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Philippine Islands
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Luzon
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Mount Pinatubo (1)
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Taiwan (1)
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Himalayas (1)
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Indian Peninsula
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Bhutan (1)
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India
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Andhra Pradesh India (1)
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Ghats
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Western Ghats (1)
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Gujarat India
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Saurashtra (1)
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Karnataka India
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Chitradurga schist belt (1)
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Madhya Pradesh India
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Maharashtra India
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Orissa India (1)
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Rajasthan India
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Khetri copper belt (1)
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Uttar Pradesh India (1)
-
-
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Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (1)
-
Middle East
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Cyprus (2)
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Dead Sea (1)
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Iran
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Elburz (1)
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Israel (3)
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Lebanon
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Beirut Lebanon (1)
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Turkey
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North Anatolian Fault (1)
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Sea of Marmara (1)
-
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
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Equatorial Atlantic (1)
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Mid-Atlantic Ridge (6)
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North Atlantic
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Amazon Fan (1)
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Baltic Sea
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Gulf of Finland (1)
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Barbados Ridge (1)
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Bay of Biscay (1)
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Blake Plateau
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Blake Nose (1)
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Blake-Bahama Basin (1)
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Caribbean Sea
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Nicaragua Rise (1)
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English Channel (2)
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Exuma Sound (1)
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Faeroe-Shetland Basin (1)
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Frobisher Bay (1)
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Great Bahama Bank (1)
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Gulf of Cadiz (1)
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Gulf of Guinea (2)
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Gulf of Mexico
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Alaminos Canyon (1)
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Mississippi Fan (1)
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Nares abyssal plain (1)
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North Sea
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Viking Graben (2)
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Northeast Atlantic (4)
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Northwest Atlantic (7)
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Scotian Shelf (2)
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Straits of Florida (1)
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Tongue of the Ocean (1)
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South Atlantic
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Espirito Santo Basin (1)
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Lower Congo Basin (1)
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Santos Basin (1)
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Southeast Atlantic (3)
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Atlantic Ocean Islands
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Azores (2)
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Bermuda (1)
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Canary Islands
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Cape Verde Islands (1)
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Madeira
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Porto Santo Island (1)
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Shetland Islands (4)
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Australasia
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Australia
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New South Wales Australia (3)
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Otway Basin (2)
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Queensland Australia
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Mount Isa Australia (1)
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carbon
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Tertiary
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Paleogene
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Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (1)
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upper Tertiary (1)
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Yakataga Formation (1)
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Central America
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clay mineralogy (3)
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Deep Sea Drilling Project
-
Leg 11
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DSDP Site 100 (1)
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Leg 15
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DSDP Site 146 (1)
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DSDP Site 151 (1)
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DSDP Site 153 (1)
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Leg 17
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DSDP Site 165 (1)
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DSDP Site 169 (1)
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Leg 34
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DSDP Site 321 (1)
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Leg 37
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DSDP Site 332 (1)
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DSDP Site 335 (1)
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Leg 42B
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DSDP Site 381 (1)
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deformation (17)
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earthquakes (23)
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Mauna Loa (6)
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Sweden
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United Kingdom
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Highland region Scotland
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explosions (3)
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faults (44)
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hydrogeology (5)
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ichnofossils
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igneous rocks
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peperite (1)
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diabase (3)
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plagiogranite (1)
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gabbros (1)
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granites (2)
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ultramafics
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peridotites
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harzburgite (1)
-
-
-
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porphyry
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vitrophyre (1)
-
-
volcanic rocks
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andesites
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boninite (1)
-
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basalts
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mid-ocean ridge basalts (6)
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ocean-island basalts (4)
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shoshonite (2)
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tholeiite (2)
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tholeiitic basalt (2)
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basanite (2)
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dacites (3)
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glasses
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volcanic glass (8)
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keratophyre (1)
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pyroclastics
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ash-flow tuff (1)
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hyaloclastite (8)
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ignimbrite (1)
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pumice (3)
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tuff (8)
-
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rhyolites (1)
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trachyandesites (1)
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vitrophyre (1)
-
-
-
inclusions
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fluid inclusions (4)
-
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Indian Ocean
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Arabian Sea
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Bay of Bengal (3)
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Exmouth Plateau (1)
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Red Sea
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Somali Basin (1)
-
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Indian Ocean Islands
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Mascarene Islands
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Reunion (1)
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Mayotte (1)
-
-
Integrated Ocean Drilling Program
-
Expedition 308
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IODP Site U1324 (1)
-
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Expedition 314 (1)
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IODP Site C0002 (1)
-
-
intrusions (14)
-
Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Mandibulata
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Crustacea
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Ostracoda (1)
-
-
-
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Brachiopoda (1)
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Bryozoa
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Trepostomata (1)
-
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Cnidaria
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Anthozoa (2)
-
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Echinodermata
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Echinozoa
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Echinoidea (1)
-
-
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Mollusca
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Bivalvia (1)
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Gastropoda (1)
-
-
Porifera
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Stromatoporoidea (1)
-
-
Protista
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Foraminifera
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Rotaliina
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Buliminacea
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Bulimina (1)
-
-
Globigerinacea
-
Globigerinidae
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Globigerinoides
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Globigerinoides ruber (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Radiolaria (2)
-
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Vermes (2)
-
-
isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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C-14 (7)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (2)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-210 (2)
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Po-210 (1)
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Ra-224 (1)
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Rn-222 (2)
-
Th-230 (2)
-
U-238 (1)
-
U-238/U-234 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (12)
-
D/H (2)
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deuterium (1)
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (3)
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O-18/O-16 (12)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (2)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
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S-33/S-32 (1)
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S-34/S-32 (9)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (6)
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-
-
lava (41)
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magmas (21)
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Malay Archipelago
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Borneo
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Brunei (1)
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-
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mantle (7)
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Mediterranean Ridge (1)
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Strait of Sicily (2)
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West Mediterranean
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Gulf of Lion (1)
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Ligurian Sea (1)
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Tyrrhenian Sea (4)
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
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Albian (2)
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Aptian (1)
-
Valanginian (1)
-
-
Middle Cretaceous (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Campanian (4)
-
Coniacian (1)
-
Fox Hills Formation (1)
-
K-T boundary (1)
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Lance Formation (1)
-
Lewis Shale (1)
-
Maestrichtian
-
lower Maestrichtian (1)
-
-
Point Loma Formation (1)
-
Rosario Formation (1)
-
Santonian (2)
-
Senonian (6)
-
-
-
Great Valley Sequence (1)
-
Jurassic
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Heather Formation (1)
-
Lower Jurassic
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Toarcian (1)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
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Callovian (2)
-
-
Upper Jurassic
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Kimmeridge Clay (1)
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Kimmeridgian (1)
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Oxfordian
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middle Oxfordian (1)
-
-
Volgian (1)
-
-
-
Triassic
-
Lower Triassic
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (2)
-
-
Upper Triassic
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Carnian (1)
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-
-
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metal ores
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antimony ores (1)
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base metals (4)
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copper ores (6)
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gold ores (1)
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iron ores (4)
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lead ores (4)
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lead-zinc deposits (5)
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manganese ores (2)
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polymetallic ores (7)
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pyrite ores (2)
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silver ores (8)
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tin ores (1)
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zinc ores (6)
-
-
metals
-
actinides
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thorium
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Th-230 (2)
-
-
uranium
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U-238 (1)
-
U-238/U-234 (1)
-
-
-
alkali metals
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potassium (2)
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rubidium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
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barium (2)
-
calcium (1)
-
radium
-
Ra-224 (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (6)
-
-
-
chromium (1)
-
copper (1)
-
germanium (1)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
-
-
iron
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-210 (2)
-
-
manganese (2)
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mercury (1)
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nickel (1)
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niobium (1)
-
polonium
-
Po-210 (1)
-
-
rare earths
-
lanthanum (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (3)
-
-
samarium (1)
-
ytterbium (2)
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yttrium (2)
-
-
rhenium (1)
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titanium (2)
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vanadium (1)
-
zirconium (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
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amphibolites (1)
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gneisses
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orthogneiss (1)
-
-
metaigneous rocks
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meta-anorthosite (1)
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metabasalt (4)
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metakomatiite (1)
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metatuff (1)
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serpentinite (1)
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metasedimentary rocks (8)
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metasomatic rocks
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serpentinite (1)
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skarn (1)
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metavolcanic rocks (6)
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quartzites (1)
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schists
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greenstone (1)
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-
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metamorphism (13)
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metasomatism (31)
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Mexico
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Nayarit Mexico (1)
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mineral deposits, genesis (26)
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minerals (4)
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Mohorovicic discontinuity (1)
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mud volcanoes (4)
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noble gases
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helium (1)
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radon
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Rn-222 (2)
-
-
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nodules (2)
-
North America
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Appalachian Basin (2)
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Canadian Shield
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Churchill Province
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Hearne Province (1)
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Rae Province (1)
-
-
Superior Province
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Abitibi Belt (3)
-
-
-
Great Lakes region (1)
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Gulf Coastal Plain (2)
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Michigan Basin (2)
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Strait of Georgia (1)
-
-
ocean basins (3)
-
ocean circulation (2)
-
Ocean Drilling Program
-
Leg 111 (1)
-
Leg 122
-
ODP Site 762 (1)
-
-
Leg 137 (1)
-
Leg 146 (1)
-
Leg 155 (1)
-
Leg 160
-
ODP Site 970 (1)
-
ODP Site 971 (1)
-
-
Leg 168 (1)
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Leg 171B
-
ODP Site 1049 (1)
-
ODP Site 1050 (1)
-
ODP Site 1052 (1)
-
-
Leg 192
-
ODP Site 1183 (1)
-
ODP Site 1184 (1)
-
ODP Site 1185 (1)
-
ODP Site 1186 (1)
-
ODP Site 1187 (1)
-
-
Leg 197
-
ODP Site 1206 (1)
-
-
-
ocean floors (135)
-
ocean waves (3)
-
Oceania
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Micronesia
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Mariana Islands
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Northern Mariana Islands (1)
-
-
Marshall Islands
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Enewetak Atoll (1)
-
-
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Polynesia
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French Polynesia
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Society Islands (1)
-
-
Hawaii
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Hawaii County Hawaii
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Hawaii Island
-
Kilauea (5)
-
Kohala (1)
-
Kona (1)
-
-
-
Honolulu County Hawaii
-
Oahu (2)
-
-
Kauai County Hawaii
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Kauai (1)
-
-
Maui County Hawaii
-
Maui
-
Haleakala (1)
-
-
-
Mauna Loa (6)
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Molokai (1)
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Pitcairn Island (1)
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Tonga (1)
-
-
-
oceanography (28)
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oil and gas fields (4)
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orogeny (3)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (12)
-
-
Pacific Ocean
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Central Pacific (2)
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East Pacific
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East Pacific Rise (7)
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Galapagos Rift (1)
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Northeast Pacific
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Axial Seamount (2)
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Blanco fracture zone (1)
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Cascadia Basin (1)
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Gorda Rise (2)
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Gulf of Alaska (2)
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Hawaiian Ridge (2)
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Hydrate Ridge (1)
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Juan de Fuca Ridge
-
Cleft Segment (2)
-
-
Loihi Seamount (3)
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Mendocino fracture zone (1)
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Monterey Canyon (4)
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San Diego Trough (1)
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Santa Monica Basin (1)
-
-
Peru-Chile Trench (1)
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Southeast Pacific
-
Chile Ridge (1)
-
Lau Basin (3)
-
-
-
Equatorial Pacific (1)
-
North Pacific
-
Bering Sea (1)
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Axial Seamount (2)
-
Blanco fracture zone (1)
-
Cascadia Basin (1)
-
Gorda Rise (2)
-
Gulf of Alaska (2)
-
Hawaiian Ridge (2)
-
Hydrate Ridge (1)
-
Juan de Fuca Ridge
-
Cleft Segment (2)
-
-
Loihi Seamount (3)
-
Mendocino fracture zone (1)
-
Monterey Canyon (4)
-
San Diego Trough (1)
-
Santa Monica Basin (1)
-
-
Northwest Pacific
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Emperor Seamounts (1)
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Japan Sea (1)
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Kumano Basin (2)
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Nankai Trough (2)
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Okinawa Trough (1)
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Philippine Sea
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Ryukyu Trench (1)
-
-
South China Sea
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Gulf of Thailand (1)
-
Qiongdongnan Basin (2)
-
-
Yellow Sea
-
Bohai Sea (1)
-
-
-
-
South Pacific
-
Southeast Pacific
-
Chile Ridge (1)
-
Lau Basin (3)
-
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Banda Sea (2)
-
Bismarck Sea
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
submarine environment
Quantification of internal heterogeneity across a submarine channel bend: a unique example from the late Tortonian Tachrift Channel Complex 5 (Taza–Guercif Basin, NE Morocco) Available to Purchase
Depositional-process controls on chemofacies in mixed-lithology submarine lobe deposits: a high-resolution core study from the Permian Wolfcamp XY Formation, Delaware Basin, Texas, U.S.A. Available to Purchase
Integrating transitional-flow signatures into hybrid event beds: implications for hybrid-flow evolution on a submarine lobe fringe Available to Purchase
Simple model, complex strata: 2-D numerical forward model analysis of heterogeneity and controls in submarine fan systems Available to Purchase
How many turbidity currents pass through a submarine channel during its lifespan? Available to Purchase
Exploring the relationship between sedimentary transport systems and basin dynamics: A case study from the Levant Basin (Eastern Mediterranean Sea) before, during, and after the Messinian Available to Purchase
Mineralogical and geochemical facets of the massive deposition of stibnite-metastibnite at a seafloor hydrothermal field (Wakamiko Crater, Kagoshima Bay, Ryukyu Volcanic Arc) Available to Purchase
Abstract The study of meandering patterns created by geophysical flows is important for a number of fundamental and applied research topics, including stream and wetland restoration, land management, infrastructure design, oil exploration and production, carbon sequestration, flood-hazard mitigation and planetary palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. This volume, Meandering Streamflows: Patterns and Processes across Landscapes and Scales , contains 13 papers that present field, laboratory and numerical investigations of meandering channels found in distinct environmental and geological contexts and focus on how the interactions of different autogenic and allogenic processes, both in the horizontal and the vertical dimension, affect meander kinematics and the resulting morphology, sedimentology and stratigraphic architecture. In this introductory chapter, we offer an overview of the evolution of scientific research on meandering streams over time, aiming to review and discuss meandering patterns in both fluvial and non-fluvial settings. Additionally, we present a new compilation of data on meander morphological features, drawn from both existing literature and novel sources, encompassing over 8000 meander bends discovered across a diverse array of environments.
Fluvial-style migration controls autogenic aggradation in submarine channels: Joshua Channel, eastern Gulf of Mexico Open Access
Abstract There has been debate over the processes acting on deep-water channels, with comparisons made to the evolution of meandering fluvial systems. We characterized a three-dimensional seismic-reflection dataset of the Joshua deep-water channel–levee system located in the eastern Gulf of Mexico and interpreted 13 horizons showing its kinematic evolution over a 25 km reach. Over this reach, we documented channel migration through systematic bend expansion and downstream translation, which was sustained through channel aggradation as sinuosity increased from 1.25 to 2.3 at abandonment. An abrupt decrease in sinuosity was associated with a neck cutoff, which changed the subsequent migration direction of the channel in that locality. These processes are analogous to the evolution of meandering fluvial systems. We show that increasing channel sinuosity correlates to a reduction in channel slope and hypothesize that this promoted increasingly depositional turbidity currents that led to channel aggradation. Using a simple forward stratigraphic model in which vertical movements of the channel are governed by a stream power law, we show how aggradation can be driven autogenically. Trends in sinuosity, aggradation and slope are in broad agreement between the Joshua Channel and the model. This highlights the potential importance of intrinsic channel processes as a control on system evolution.
Submarine channel stacking patterns controlled by the autogenic 3D kinematics of meander bends Available to Purchase
Abstract Channel kinematics play a pivotal but underappreciated role in determining submarine meandering channel stacking patterns. A stratigraphic forward model is here applied to turbidite systems to generate synthetic stratigraphic architectures and to compare channel trajectories recorded on cross-sections with the kinematics of meander bends. Various channel stacking patterns, which may be classified into four types, are obtained from a single set of constant parameters. This variety of stacking patterns observed from one 2D section to another is thus autogenic. It is the consequence of the 3D migration of meander bends. It reflects the number of consecutive bends that have intercepted the cross-section, which depends on the channel downstream migration rate. These 3D effects alone are sufficient to explain variations in the apparent migration rate and the reversal of migration direction. As a result, sigmoidal geometries can be preserved in aggrading systems without a significant change in channel geometry or varying aggradation and migration rates. Finally, despite these 3D effects, stratigraphic mobility numbers still provide good constraints on bend kinematics. These results should apply to meandering rivers and other meandering systems.
Accumulation of gas hydrates in mass transport deposits at Krishna-Godavari Basin, Bay of Bengal: Foraminiferal, sedimentologic, and seismic evidence Available to Purchase
Provenance of the Trainor's Rocks microconglomerate, Northern Ireland: a mid-Silurian (Hawick Group) submarine channel fan deposit in the closing Iapetus Ocean Available to Purchase
A Steep Slab at the Yap Trench Resulted from Subducting Oceanic Plateaus Available to Purchase
Quaternary: glaciations, sea-level change and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction Available to Purchase
Dynamic near-seafloor sediment transport in Kaikōura Canyon following a large canyon-flushing event Available to Purchase
Exploring the predictive power of seismic geomorphology to assess sedimentary characteristics of gravity-flow deposits: examples from offshore East and West Africa reservoirs Available to Purchase
Abstract This research seeks to test the hypothesis that the rheology of submarine gravity-flows influences the planform geometry of associated fan lobe deposits. If this control exists, seismic geomorphology has the potential to predict the sedimentary characteristics of these deposits by analysing relatively simple seismic outputs such as time structure maps and amplitude maps. This predictive power could potentially aid the identification of prospective reservoirs through automated processes of seismic interpretation. In this work, Upper Cretaceous and Neogene deep-water reservoirs from East and West Africa with porosity in excess of 20% and multi-Darcy permeability were analysed. The overall external geometry of the reservoirs was described by integrating seismic amplitude extractions, structure and isochron maps derived from high-quality 3D seismic data. The maps were generated from detailed interpretation of the top and base reservoir reflections. Core photos of the reservoirs were integrated into the seismic project and their examination allowed the identification of dominant sedimentary facies, enabling a proposal for the classification of these deposits in terms of flow processes. The research indicates that the confinement of flows exerts an obvious control on the shape of the deposits and results in sedimentary bodies with marked elongation at the seismic scale. However, analysis of the reservoirs at the core scale indicated that they are dominated by massive, poorly sorted, medium- to coarse-grained sandstones, commonly with floating oversize clasts, as well as beds with disrupted laminae and sandy conglomerates. These characteristics may indicate ‘depositional freezing’ from high-density flows with yield strength, which may also have contributed to the limited lateral spread of the deposits analysed. The research also highlights the importance of the non-unique relationship between sedimentary processes and external geometries of the resulting deposits at the seismic scale. This means that deposits with similar geometries may have markedly different sedimentary characteristics. This work highlights the increasing importance of integrating detailed seismic geomorphology studies with an accurate examination of core data to validate models of gravity flow processes and test their predictive value.
Geochemical Signatures of Mafic Volcanic Rocks in Modern Oceanic Settings and Implications for Archean Mafic Magmatism Open Access
Large-scale submarine landslides in the Barberton Greenstone Belt, southern Africa—Evidence for subduction and great earthquakes in the Paleoarchean Available to Purchase
A salty snapshot: extreme variations in basal erosion patterns preserved in a submarine channel Open Access
Hydro-acoustic signals from the Panarea shallow hydrothermal field: new inferences of a direct link with Stromboli Available to Purchase
Abstract We present the results from a mid-term monitoring activity carried out at the submarine hydrothermal system located off Panarea Island (Aeolian Islands, Italy). The collected data concern multiparametric information from a self-operating seafloor station (acoustics and chemical–physical parameters) acquiring data at regular intervals and transmitting it twice a day in near real-time. The acoustic records were analysed with the principal aim of investigating bubbling variations related to gas flow rate. Several anomalies have been documented, in the bubbling activity detected at high frequencies (100–2000 Hz), as well as in very low acoustic frequencies, related to fluids dynamic along cracks. An astonishing correlation between soil CO 2 flux emissions recorded at Stromboli craters and the acoustic signals in the 1–30 Hz range has been identified, suggesting how this tectonic link could act as an escape route for fluids characterized by a shared source.