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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Asia
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chondrites
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carbonaceous chondrites
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-
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Primary terms
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Arctic region
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Greenland
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Skaergaard Intrusion (1)
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Asia
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Central Asia (1)
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Far East
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Japan
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Honshu
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Nagano Japan (1)
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Toyama Japan (1)
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Korea
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Philippine Islands
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Luzon
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Mount Pinatubo (1)
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Taiwan (1)
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Sakhalin Russian Federation
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Kuril Islands
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Etorofu Island
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Kudryavyy (1)
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-
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Southeast Asia (1)
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-
Atlantic Ocean
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South Atlantic
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-
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atmosphere (3)
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Australasia
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Australia
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bacteria (1)
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boron (1)
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brines (2)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Kiglapait Intrusion (1)
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Newfoundland
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Ontario
-
Sudbury igneous complex (1)
-
-
-
Western Canada
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Northwest Territories
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Yellowknife Northwest Territories (1)
-
-
-
-
carbon
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C-13/C-12 (2)
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C-14 (1)
-
-
Caribbean region
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Antilles
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Lesser Antilles
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Soufriere Hills (1)
-
-
-
-
-
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Cenozoic
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene (1)
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chemical analysis (3)
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clay mineralogy (26)
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coal deposits (1)
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core (6)
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crust (6)
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crystal chemistry (19)
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crystal growth (16)
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igneous rocks
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volcanic rocks
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dacites (1)
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glasses
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volcanic glass (1)
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solid phase
Adsorption of gold nanoparticles on illite under high solid/liquid ratio and initial pH conditions
Numerical validation of Gassmann’s equations
The NaCl-CaCO 3 and NaCl-MgCO 3 systems at 6 GPa: Link between saline and carbonatitic diamond forming melts
Oxygen fugacity buffering in high-pressure solid media assemblies from IW-6.5 to IW+4.5 and application to the V K -edge oxybarometer
Isotopic responses of magnesium to two types of dissolution-reprecipitation processes for the growth of the double-carbonate mineral norsethite
From schwertmannite to natrojarosite: Long-term stability and kinetic approach
An evolutionary system of mineralogy, Part VI: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust (>4370 Ma)
Strength damage mechanism and pore structure evolution of modified Pisha sandstone cement soil with metakaolin
Topology and Rigidity of Silicate Melts and Glasses
Resolving the conundrum of equilibrium solubility of smectites
A Versatile Solver of the Normal Modes for Horizontal Stratified Complicated Models
Study on Dynamic Response of Blocking Structure and Debris Flow Impulsive Force considering Material Source Erosion
Dissolution-reprecipitation vs. solid-state diffusion in electrum: Examples from metamorphosed Au-bearing, volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits
Precise determination of the effect of temperature on the density of solid and liquid iron, nickel, and tin
Hydrothermal solidification of sepiolite into a cemented sepiolite aggregate for humidity regulation and formaldehyde removal
The effects of solid-solid phase equilibria on the oxygen fugacity of the upper mantle
Volcanic SiO 2 -cristobalite: A natural product of chemical vapor deposition
Welcome to Raman Spectroscopy: Successes, Challenges, and Pitfalls
Pore-Scale Imaging of Solid Bitumens: Insights for Unconventional Reservoir Characterization
ABSTRACT Characterizing unconventional reservoirs involves the investigation of a wide range of potential source-rock targets at various stages of thermal maturity. These samples may contain a mixture of kerogen, bitumen, oil, and pyrobitumen within their fabric. Thus, it is critical that we properly identify and examine each organic phase to better understand reservoir properties. In the present study, we have selected samples of gilsonite from a naturally occurring solid hydrocarbon deposit to serve as an analog for characterizing the bitumen phase of generation. Gilsonite is an aromatic-asphaltic solid bitumen found in vertical veins along the eastern portion of the Uinta Basin, Utah. It is thought to be an early generation product from oil-prone Green River Shale source beds and is similar to low-maturity crude oil in composition. It has a high nitrogen content, low sulfur content, and high melting point (fusibility) and is soluble in organic solvents. We have used a variety of analytic methods to characterize this material, including standard optical organic petrology and scanning electron microscopic imaging to examine the occurrence of organic porosity. Optical organic petrology analyses using both air and oil immersion objectives show that the polished gilsonite surfaces are typically dark grey and featureless. Optical evidence for the presence of macerals and inorganic constituents is absent. Visual estimates suggest that fractures make up approximately 1% of the conchoidal fracture plane, whereas the pencillated variety contains approximately 2% fractures along with 5% shallow pits. Scanning electron microscopic images also show the occurrence of fractures within gilsonite, but the matrix contains no evident organic porosity. The results of our analyses suggest that, unlike pyrobitumen, pre-oil solid bitumen represented by gilsonite was found to contain no significant occurrences of organic nanoporosity within its matrix. Gilsonite does have minor pitting and fractures, but these do not represent an effective interconnected pore network and are probably artifacts of weathering/sampling. Thus, this material would not represent a potential candidate for in-situ petroleum storage capacity. Whether this is typical of all naturally occurring solid bitumen is debatable, considering that gilsonite has undergone some secondary alteration via devolatilization and limited biodegradation. Nevertheless, the pore-scale imaging of this solid bitumen provides potentially important new insights for unconventional reservoir characterization.