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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Congo Craton (3)
-
East Africa
-
Ethiopia
-
Tigray Ethiopia (1)
-
-
Zambia (1)
-
-
North Africa
-
Atlas Mountains
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (1)
-
-
-
Morocco
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (1)
-
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Namibia (9)
-
South Africa (2)
-
-
West Africa (1)
-
West African Craton (1)
-
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic ice sheet (1)
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Canada Basin (1)
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
Greenland ice sheet (1)
-
-
Svalbard
-
Spitsbergen
-
Nordaustlandet (1)
-
Spitsbergen Island
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Ny Friesland (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Oman (1)
-
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
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Kokchetav Massif (1)
-
-
-
-
Far East
-
China
-
Dabie Mountains (1)
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Hubei China (1)
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Hunan China (1)
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Sulu Terrane (1)
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Tarim Platform (1)
-
Yangtze Platform (3)
-
-
Mongolia (1)
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Sino-Korean Platform (1)
-
-
Himalayas
-
Lesser Himalayas (1)
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Indian Peninsula
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India (1)
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Irkutsk Basin (1)
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Siberia (1)
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Australasia
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Australia
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Adelaide fold belt (1)
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Adelaide Geosyncline (1)
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Amadeus Basin (2)
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New South Wales Australia (1)
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Northern Territory Australia (1)
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South Australia
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Flinders Ranges (3)
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Gawler Craton (1)
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Mount Lofty Ranges (1)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Newfoundland
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Avalon Peninsula (1)
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Ontario
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Algoma District Ontario
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Elliot Lake Ontario (1)
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Mackenzie Mountains (1)
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Western Canada
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Northwest Territories (1)
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Kazakhstan
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Kokchetav Kazakhstan
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Kokchetav Massif (1)
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Russian Federation
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Irkutsk Basin (1)
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Ukraine (1)
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Death Valley (5)
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Europe
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Central Europe
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Slovakia
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Gemer Slovakia (1)
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Fennoscandian Shield (1)
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Ukraine (1)
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Western Europe
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Scandinavia
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Norway
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Hardangervidda (1)
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Southern Norway (1)
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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Scotland (2)
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North America
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Basin and Range Province (1)
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North American Cordillera (1)
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North Slope (2)
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polar regions (1)
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Russian Platform (1)
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South America
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Argentina (1)
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Brazil
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Brazilian Shield (1)
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Mato Grosso Brazil (2)
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Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil (1)
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Sao Francisco Craton (1)
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United States
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Alaska
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Brooks Range (1)
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Arizona (1)
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California
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Inyo County California
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Panamint Range (1)
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Kingston Range (1)
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Nopah Range (1)
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Southern California (1)
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Idaho
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Bannock County Idaho (1)
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Valley County Idaho (1)
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Ozark Mountains (1)
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Utah (2)
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Western U.S. (1)
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Victoria Island (1)
-
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commodities
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metal ores
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base metals (1)
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iron ores (1)
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manganese ores (2)
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mineral deposits, genesis (1)
-
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elements, isotopes
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boron
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B-11/B-10 (1)
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carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (22)
-
organic carbon (3)
-
-
isotope ratios (33)
-
isotopes
-
stable isotopes
-
B-11/B-10 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (22)
-
Cr-53/Cr-52 (1)
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
-
O-17 (1)
-
O-17/O-16 (2)
-
O-18 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (12)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (3)
-
S-34/S-32 (3)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (5)
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-
-
Lu/Hf (1)
-
metals
-
alkaline earth metals
-
calcium
-
Mg/Ca (1)
-
-
magnesium
-
Mg/Ca (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (5)
-
-
-
chromium
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Cr-53/Cr-52 (1)
-
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hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
-
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iron
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Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
-
-
platinum group
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (3)
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-
-
rare earths (4)
-
zinc (1)
-
-
oxygen
-
O-17 (1)
-
O-17/O-16 (2)
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O-18 (1)
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O-18/O-16 (12)
-
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sulfur
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S-34/S-32 (3)
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fossils
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cyanobacteria (1)
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eukaryotes (7)
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ichnofossils (1)
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Invertebrata
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Archaeocyatha (1)
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Porifera (2)
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Protista
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Foraminifera (1)
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-
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Metazoa (6)
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microfossils
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problematic microfossils (1)
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palynomorphs
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acritarchs (2)
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Plantae
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algae (1)
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problematic fossils
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problematic microfossils (1)
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prokaryotes (1)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
(U-Th)/He (1)
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Ar/Ar (2)
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paleomagnetism (4)
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Re/Os (4)
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thermochronology (1)
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U/Pb (18)
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U/Th/Pb (1)
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Holocene (1)
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Pleistocene
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upper Pleistocene
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Weichselian
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upper Weichselian
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Younger Dryas (1)
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-
-
Tertiary
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene (1)
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Oligocene (1)
-
-
-
-
Dalradian (2)
-
Mesozoic
-
Triassic (1)
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Lower Cambrian
-
Tommotian (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous (1)
-
Devonian (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician (1)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (1)
-
Hirnantian (1)
-
-
-
Permian (1)
-
-
Phanerozoic (6)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (3)
-
Chuar Group (1)
-
Hadean (2)
-
Hecla Hoek Formation (1)
-
Kingston Peak Formation (2)
-
Noonday Dolomite (1)
-
Pahrump Series (2)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (1)
-
Uinta Mountain Group (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Bambui Group (1)
-
Damara System (1)
-
Great Oxidation Event (1)
-
Huronian (1)
-
Mesoproterozoic (1)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Blaini Formation (1)
-
Cryogenian (23)
-
Doushantuo Formation (3)
-
Ediacaran (18)
-
Marinoan (18)
-
Nantuo Formation (2)
-
Otavi Group (3)
-
Riphean (1)
-
Sturtian (22)
-
Tonian (2)
-
Vendian (9)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic (3)
-
Pocatello Formation (1)
-
Pretoria Group (1)
-
Sinian
-
Doushantuo Formation (3)
-
Nantuo Formation (2)
-
-
Umberatana Group (1)
-
Windermere System (2)
-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
gabbros (1)
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granites (2)
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pegmatite (1)
-
ultramafics
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peridotites (1)
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
basalts
-
flood basalts (1)
-
-
pyroclastics
-
tuff (1)
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-
rhyolites (1)
-
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ophiolite (1)
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-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
eclogite (1)
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metasedimentary rocks
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metaconglomerate (1)
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schists
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blueschist (1)
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slates (1)
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ophiolite (1)
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turbidite (1)
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-
meteorites
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meteorites
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carbonaceous chondrites (1)
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minerals
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carbonates
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ankerite (1)
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aragonite (2)
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calcite (3)
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dolomite (2)
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minerals (2)
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oxides
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cryptomelane (1)
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goethite (1)
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hematite (2)
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phosphates
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apatite (1)
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silicates
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framework silicates
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feldspar group (1)
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silica minerals
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coesite (1)
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quartz (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
-
titanite group
-
titanite (1)
-
-
zircon group
-
zircon (18)
-
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
clay minerals
-
kaolinite (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfates (1)
-
sulfides
-
marcasite (1)
-
pyrite (2)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (23)
-
Africa
-
Congo Craton (3)
-
East Africa
-
Ethiopia
-
Tigray Ethiopia (1)
-
-
Zambia (1)
-
-
North Africa
-
Atlas Mountains
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (1)
-
-
-
Morocco
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (1)
-
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Namibia (9)
-
South Africa (2)
-
-
West Africa (1)
-
West African Craton (1)
-
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic ice sheet (1)
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Canada Basin (1)
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
Greenland ice sheet (1)
-
-
Svalbard
-
Spitsbergen
-
Nordaustlandet (1)
-
Spitsbergen Island
-
Ny Friesland (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Oman (1)
-
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (1)
-
-
-
-
Far East
-
China
-
Dabie Mountains (1)
-
Hubei China (1)
-
Hunan China (1)
-
Sulu Terrane (1)
-
Tarim Platform (1)
-
Yangtze Platform (3)
-
-
Mongolia (1)
-
Sino-Korean Platform (1)
-
-
Himalayas
-
Lesser Himalayas (1)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India (1)
-
-
Irkutsk Basin (1)
-
Siberia (1)
-
-
atmosphere (4)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Adelaide fold belt (1)
-
Adelaide Geosyncline (1)
-
Amadeus Basin (2)
-
New South Wales Australia (1)
-
Northern Territory Australia (1)
-
South Australia
-
Flinders Ranges (3)
-
Gawler Craton (1)
-
Mount Lofty Ranges (1)
-
-
-
-
biogeography (1)
-
boron
-
B-11/B-10 (1)
-
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland
-
Avalon Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
Ontario
-
Algoma District Ontario
-
Elliot Lake Ontario (1)
-
-
-
-
Mackenzie Mountains (1)
-
Western Canada
-
Northwest Territories (1)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (22)
-
organic carbon (3)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene (1)
-
Pleistocene
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Weichselian
-
upper Weichselian
-
Younger Dryas (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene (1)
-
Oligocene (1)
-
-
-
-
climate change (11)
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continental drift (2)
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crust (7)
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crystal growth (1)
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data processing (4)
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diagenesis (6)
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Earth (3)
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Europe
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Central Europe
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Slovakia
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Gemer Slovakia (1)
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Fennoscandian Shield (1)
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Ukraine (1)
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Western Europe
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Scandinavia
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Norway
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Hardangervidda (1)
-
Southern Norway (1)
-
-
-
United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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Scotland (2)
-
-
-
-
-
faults (1)
-
geochemistry (17)
-
geochronology (1)
-
glacial geology (29)
-
hydrology (2)
-
ichnofossils (1)
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
gabbros (1)
-
granites (2)
-
pegmatite (1)
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites (1)
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
basalts
-
flood basalts (1)
-
-
pyroclastics
-
tuff (1)
-
-
rhyolites (1)
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (1)
-
-
intrusions (1)
-
Invertebrata
-
Archaeocyatha (1)
-
Porifera (2)
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera (1)
-
-
-
isotopes
-
stable isotopes
-
B-11/B-10 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (22)
-
Cr-53/Cr-52 (1)
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
-
O-17 (1)
-
O-17/O-16 (2)
-
O-18 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (12)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (3)
-
S-34/S-32 (3)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (5)
-
-
-
mantle (5)
-
Mesozoic
-
Triassic (1)
-
-
metal ores
-
base metals (1)
-
iron ores (1)
-
manganese ores (2)
-
-
metals
-
alkaline earth metals
-
calcium
-
Mg/Ca (1)
-
-
magnesium
-
Mg/Ca (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (5)
-
-
-
chromium
-
Cr-53/Cr-52 (1)
-
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
-
-
iron
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
-
-
platinum group
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (3)
-
-
-
rare earths (4)
-
zinc (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
eclogite (1)
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metaconglomerate (1)
-
-
schists
-
blueschist (1)
-
-
slates (1)
-
-
metamorphism (4)
-
metasomatism (2)
-
meteorites
-
stony meteorites
-
achondrites (1)
-
chondrites
-
carbonaceous chondrites (1)
-
-
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (1)
-
mineralogy (1)
-
minerals (2)
-
North America
-
Basin and Range Province (1)
-
North American Cordillera (1)
-
-
ocean basins (2)
-
ocean circulation (2)
-
ocean floors (2)
-
oceanography (1)
-
orogeny (1)
-
oxygen
-
O-17 (1)
-
O-17/O-16 (2)
-
O-18 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (12)
-
-
paleoclimatology (48)
-
paleoecology (14)
-
paleogeography (14)
-
paleomagnetism (4)
-
paleontology (1)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Lower Cambrian
-
Tommotian (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous (1)
-
Devonian (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician (1)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (1)
-
Hirnantian (1)
-
-
-
Permian (1)
-
-
palynomorphs
-
acritarchs (2)
-
-
Phanerozoic (6)
-
Plantae
-
algae (1)
-
-
plate tectonics (11)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (3)
-
Chuar Group (1)
-
Hadean (2)
-
Hecla Hoek Formation (1)
-
Kingston Peak Formation (2)
-
Noonday Dolomite (1)
-
Pahrump Series (2)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (1)
-
Uinta Mountain Group (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Bambui Group (1)
-
Damara System (1)
-
Great Oxidation Event (1)
-
Huronian (1)
-
Mesoproterozoic (1)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Blaini Formation (1)
-
Cryogenian (23)
-
Doushantuo Formation (3)
-
Ediacaran (18)
-
Marinoan (18)
-
Nantuo Formation (2)
-
Otavi Group (3)
-
Riphean (1)
-
Sturtian (22)
-
Tonian (2)
-
Vendian (9)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic (3)
-
Pocatello Formation (1)
-
Pretoria Group (1)
-
Sinian
-
Doushantuo Formation (3)
-
Nantuo Formation (2)
-
-
Umberatana Group (1)
-
Windermere System (2)
-
-
-
-
problematic fossils
-
problematic microfossils (1)
-
-
remote sensing (1)
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sea water (5)
-
sea-floor spreading (2)
-
sea-level changes (3)
-
sedimentary rocks
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carbonate rocks
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dolostone (9)
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limestone
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micrite (1)
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microbialite (1)
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chemically precipitated rocks
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iron formations
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banded iron formations (1)
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phosphate rocks (1)
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-
clastic rocks
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black shale (2)
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conglomerate (2)
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diamictite (25)
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mudstone (2)
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sandstone (2)
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shale (4)
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siltstone (2)
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tillite (8)
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-
-
sedimentary structures
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bedding plane irregularities
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ripple marks (1)
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biogenic structures
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bioturbation (1)
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stromatolites (1)
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-
planar bedding structures
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hummocky cross-stratification (2)
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soft sediment deformation
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olistoliths (1)
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olistostromes (1)
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sedimentation (7)
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sediments
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clastic sediments
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loess (1)
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South America
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Argentina (1)
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snowball Earth
Paleomagnetic investigation of the basal Maieberg Formation (Namibia) cap carbonate sequence (635 Ma): Implications for Snowball Earth postglacial dynamics
Duration of Sturtian “Snowball Earth” glaciation linked to exceptionally low mid-ocean ridge outgassing
The Franklin Large Igneous Province and Snowball Earth Initiation
Geochronology and formal stratigraphy of the Sturtian Glaciation in the Adelaide Superbasin
Chromium isotopes track redox fluctuations in Proterozoic successions of the Chapada Diamantina, São Francisco craton, Brazil
Secular variation in seawater redox state during the Marinoan Snowball Earth event and implications for eukaryotic evolution
Inclusions in calcite phantom crystals suggest role of clay minerals in dolomite formation
Glacial erosion on a snowball Earth: testing for bias in flux balance, geographic setting, and tectonic regime
Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the origin of highly 13 C carb -depleted calcite in basal Ediacaran cap carbonate
Calibrating the Russøya excursion in Svalbard, Norway, and implications for Neoproterozoic chronology
Why Measure 17 O? Historical Perspective, Triple-Isotope Systematics and Selected Applications
Triple Oxygen Isotope Variations in Earth’s Crust
Geochronological constraints on Neoproterozoic rifting and onset of the Marinoan glaciation from the Kingston Peak Formation in Death Valley, California (USA)
Neoproterozoic Blaini Formation of Lesser Himalaya, India: Fiction and Fact
U-Pb and Re-Os geochronology tracks stratigraphic condensation in the Sturtian snowball Earth aftermath
The Central Iapetus magmatic province: An updated review and link with the ca. 580 Ma Gaskiers glaciation
ABSTRACT Large igneous provinces and associated silicic magmatism can have a significant global climatic effect, so we explored the relationship between the large igneous province record and the ca. 580 Ma Gaskiers glaciation. The late Ediacaran glaciation exists on at least 14 different paleocontinental blocks, and assuming synchroneity, this Gaskiers glaciation was likely of short duration, with estimates ranging from 1.6 m.y. to 340 k.y. The Central Iapetus magmatic province event found in Laurentia, Baltica, and West Africa consists of multiple pulses in the range 620–520 Ma, with the ca. 580 Ma pulse particularly well developed in North Africa. Based on the age matches of 580–570 Ma Central Iapetus magmatic province pulses and the Gaskiers glaciation, and taking into consideration that there is no robust evidence for a major meteorite impact at the time of the Gaskiers onset, we propose that: (1) the initial silicic ca. 580 Ma pulse of the Ouarzazate event (Anti-Atlas of Morocco) helped to trigger the Gaskiers glaciation, and (2) global warming associated with the subsequent ca. 579–570 Ma continental flood basalts, marking the second stage of the Ouarzazate event, helped to end the ice age.