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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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Upper Triassic
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Carnian (1)
-
Chinle Formation (1)
-
Keuper (1)
-
Rhaetian (1)
-
Yanchang Formation (1)
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (1)
-
Vaca Muerta Formation (3)
-
Wingate Sandstone (1)
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Lower Cambrian (3)
-
Upper Cambrian (1)
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Dinantian (1)
-
-
Mississippian
-
Lower Mississippian
-
Osagian
-
Burlington Limestone (1)
-
-
-
Stanley Group (1)
-
Upper Mississippian (1)
-
Windsor Group (1)
-
-
Namurian (1)
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Lower Pennsylvanian
-
Morrowan (1)
-
-
Morrow Formation (2)
-
Red Fork Sandstone (1)
-
Upper Pennsylvanian
-
Cisco Group (1)
-
Missourian
-
Rock Lake Shale Member (1)
-
-
Virgilian
-
Lawrence Formation (1)
-
Tonganoxie Sandstone (1)
-
-
-
Wapanucka Limestone (1)
-
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Stephanian (2)
-
Westphalian (1)
-
-
-
Devonian
-
Middle Devonian
-
Elk Point Group (1)
-
Prairie Evaporite (2)
-
Winnipegosis Formation (3)
-
-
Upper Devonian
-
Domanik Formation (1)
-
Famennian (1)
-
Frasnian
-
Leduc Formation (1)
-
-
Nisku Formation (2)
-
-
-
lower Paleozoic
-
Cape Phillips Formation (1)
-
-
Minnelusa Formation (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (1)
-
Hirnantian (1)
-
-
Viola Limestone (1)
-
-
Permian
-
Guadalupian
-
Brushy Canyon Formation (3)
-
Grayburg Formation (2)
-
Queen Formation (1)
-
-
Khuff Formation (1)
-
Lower Permian
-
Abo Formation (1)
-
Cisuralian
-
Artinskian (1)
-
Asselian (1)
-
Kungurian (1)
-
Sakmarian (1)
-
-
Leonardian (1)
-
Wolfcampian (1)
-
-
Rotliegendes (4)
-
Unayzah Formation (3)
-
Upper Permian
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
-
Zechstein (6)
-
-
-
Sauk Sequence (1)
-
Silurian (3)
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Pictou Group (1)
-
Shanxi Formation (1)
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (4)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Neoarchean (1)
-
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Aldridge Formation (1)
-
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Ediacaran (1)
-
Riphean (5)
-
Vendian (6)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Karelian (1)
-
-
-
-
Ventersdorp Supergroup (1)
-
Witwatersrand Supergroup (1)
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
extrusive rocks (1)
-
igneous rocks
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kimberlite (1)
-
plutonic rocks
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diabase (3)
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granites (1)
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lamproite (1)
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ultramafics (1)
-
-
volcanic rocks
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basalts
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alkali basalts (1)
-
flood basalts (1)
-
-
pyroclastics
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hyaloclastite (1)
-
scoria (1)
-
tuff (1)
-
-
-
-
ophiolite (4)
-
volcanic ash (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
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eclogite (1)
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gneisses (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
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metabasite (1)
-
-
schists
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blueschist (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (4)
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turbidite (53)
-
-
minerals
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carbonates (7)
-
halides
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chlorides
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halite (2)
-
-
-
phosphates
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apatite (3)
-
-
silicates
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chain silicates
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amphibole group (1)
-
-
framework silicates
-
silica minerals
-
opal
-
opal-A (1)
-
opal-CT (1)
-
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
zircon group
-
zircon (10)
-
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
clay minerals (2)
-
mica group (1)
-
-
-
sulfates
-
anhydrite (2)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (47)
-
Africa
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Central Africa
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Angola (4)
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Gabon (1)
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Congo Basin (1)
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East Africa
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Lake Malawi (1)
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Turkana Basin (1)
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East African Lakes
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Lake Turkana (1)
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East African Rift (2)
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Madagascar (1)
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North Africa
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Algeria (2)
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Atlas Mountains (1)
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Egypt
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Nile Delta (5)
-
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Libya
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Murzuk Basin (1)
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Sirte Basin (1)
-
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Morocco
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Rif (1)
-
-
Tunisia (3)
-
-
Sahel (1)
-
Southern Africa
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Kaapvaal Craton (1)
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Namibia (2)
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Orange River (1)
-
South Africa
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KwaZulu-Natal South Africa
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Durban South Africa (1)
-
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Transvaal region (1)
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Witwatersrand (1)
-
-
-
West Africa
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Benue Valley (2)
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Cameroon (2)
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Ivory Coast (1)
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Niger River (1)
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Nigeria
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Niger Delta (7)
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Senegal (1)
-
-
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Antarctica
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Amundsen Sea (1)
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Antarctic Peninsula (7)
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James Ross Island (1)
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Wilkes Land (1)
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Arctic Ocean
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Barents Sea (18)
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Fram Strait (1)
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Lomonosov Ridge (3)
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Makarov Basin (1)
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Mendeleyev Ridge (1)
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Mid-Arctic Ocean Ridge (2)
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Norwegian Sea
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Jan Mayen Ridge (1)
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More Basin (3)
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Voring Basin (3)
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Voring Plateau (5)
-
-
-
Arctic region
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Greenland
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East Greenland (2)
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Greenland ice sheet (1)
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Russian Arctic
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Wrangel Island (1)
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Svalbard
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Spitsbergen (1)
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Asia
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Angara River (1)
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Arabian Peninsula
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Oman
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Oman Mountains (1)
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Rub' al Khali (1)
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Saudi Arabia
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Hejaz Saudi Arabia
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Jeddah Saudi Arabia (1)
-
-
-
United Arab Emirates
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Abu Dhabi (3)
-
-
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Baikal rift zone (2)
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Brahmaputra River (1)
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Buryat Russian Federation (3)
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Central Asia
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Aral region (1)
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Fergana Basin (1)
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Kazakhstan
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Tengiz Field (1)
-
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Ustyurt (1)
-
-
Far East
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Borneo
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Brunei (1)
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East Malaysia
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Sabah Malaysia (2)
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Sarawak Malaysia (2)
-
-
-
China
-
Altun Mountains (1)
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Altyn Tagh Fault (1)
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Bohaiwan Basin (6)
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Gansu China (1)
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Hebei China (1)
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Hubei China (1)
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Kunlun Mountains (2)
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Ordos Basin (2)
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Qaidam Basin (3)
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Qilian Mountains (1)
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Qinghai China (1)
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Qinling Mountains (1)
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Shaanxi China (1)
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Sichuan Basin (4)
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Sichuan China (3)
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Songliao Basin (1)
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Xinjiang China
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Tahe Field (1)
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Tarim Basin (7)
-
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Xizang China (1)
-
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Indonesia
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Celebes (1)
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Java (2)
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Sumatra (2)
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Japan (1)
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Korea
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South Korea (2)
-
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Malaysia
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East Malaysia
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Sabah Malaysia (2)
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Sarawak Malaysia (2)
-
-
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Mongolia (1)
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Philippine Islands
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Luzon (1)
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Mindoro (1)
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Palawan (1)
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Thailand (3)
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Vietnam (2)
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Ganges River (1)
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Hindu Kush (1)
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Indian Peninsula
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Bangladesh (4)
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Ganges Delta (2)
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Godavari River (1)
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India
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Andhra Pradesh India (1)
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Maharashtra India
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-
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Northeastern India
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Assam India (1)
-
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Pranhita-Godavari Valley (1)
-
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Pakistan (2)
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Potwar Plateau (1)
-
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Irkutsk Russian Federation (5)
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Irtysh River (1)
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Karakoram (1)
-
Khabarovsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
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Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
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Khatanga Basin (1)
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Taymyr Peninsula (2)
-
-
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Kyrgyzstan (1)
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Lake Baikal (9)
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Lena Basin (3)
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Lena River (1)
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Maya River basin (1)
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Middle East
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Dead Sea Rift (1)
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Iran
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Iraq (1)
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Israel (3)
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Turkey
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Bosporus (1)
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Istanbul Turkey (1)
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North Anatolian Fault (2)
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Sea of Marmara (2)
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Sea of Marmara region (1)
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Zagros (2)
-
-
Novosibirsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Ob-Irtysh Interfluve (1)
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Omsk Russian Federation (1)
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Selenga River valley (1)
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Sette-Daban Range (1)
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Siberia (7)
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Siberian Platform
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Vilyuy Syneclise (1)
-
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Sri Lanka (1)
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Stony Tunguska River (1)
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Tibetan Plateau (6)
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Tomsk Russian Federation (4)
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Tunguska Syneclise (1)
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Turkestan (1)
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Turkmenia (1)
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Tyumen Russian Federation
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Khanty-Mansi Russian Federation (2)
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Yamal-Nenets Russian Federation
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Urengoy Field (1)
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Yamal (2)
-
-
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Uzbekistan (1)
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West Siberia
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Siberian Lowland (7)
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Wrangel Island (1)
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Yakutia Russian Federation
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Aldan Plateau (1)
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Aldan River (1)
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Anabar River (2)
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New Siberian Islands (1)
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Olenek River (1)
-
-
Yenisei Basin (5)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
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East Atlantic (3)
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Equatorial Atlantic (4)
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Mid-Atlantic Ridge (1)
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North Atlantic
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Baltic Sea
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Gulf of Finland (1)
-
-
Baltimore Canyon (1)
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Baltimore Canyon Trough (2)
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Bay of Biscay (1)
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Bermuda Rise (2)
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Blake Plateau (2)
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Caribbean Sea
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Cayman Trough (1)
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Nicaragua Rise (1)
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Venezuelan Basin (1)
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-
Ceara Rise (1)
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English Channel (3)
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Faeroe-Shetland Basin (5)
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Flemish Cap (1)
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Great Bahama Bank (5)
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Gulf of Cadiz (3)
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Gulf of Guinea (6)
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Gulf of Maine (3)
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Gulf of Mexico
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Campeche Scarp (1)
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De Soto Canyon (1)
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Eugene Island Block 330 Field (1)
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Florida Escarpment (2)
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Mississippi Canyon (1)
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Mississippi Fan (4)
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Sigsbee Escarpment (2)
-
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Hudson Bay (2)
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Hudson Strait (1)
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Irish Sea (1)
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Kane fracture zone (1)
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Labrador Sea
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Labrador Shelf (1)
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Nares abyssal plain (1)
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New England Seamounts (1)
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North Sea
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Brent Field (1)
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Dogger Bank (1)
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East Shetland Basin (2)
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Forties Field (2)
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Kattegat (1)
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Norwegian Channel (2)
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Statfjord Field (1)
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Viking Graben (1)
-
-
Northeast Atlantic
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Porcupine Seabight (1)
-
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Northwest Atlantic (23)
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Porcupine Basin (4)
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Rockall Plateau (1)
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Rockall Trough (4)
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Scotian Shelf (8)
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Scotian Slope (1)
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Straits of Florida (2)
-
-
Romanche fracture zone (1)
-
South Atlantic
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Brazil Basin (1)
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Cape Basin (3)
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Espirito Santo Basin (4)
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Falkland Plateau (1)
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Lower Congo Basin (2)
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Santos Basin (6)
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Southeast Atlantic (8)
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Southwest Atlantic (6)
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Walvis Ridge (1)
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-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
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Faeroe Islands (4)
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Sao Tome e Principe
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Sao Tome (1)
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Shetland Islands (4)
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Atlantic region (1)
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Australasia
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Australia
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Northern Territory Australia
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Alice Springs Australia (1)
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South Australia (1)
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Surat Basin (1)
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Western Australia
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Canning Basin (1)
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Carnarvon Basin (9)
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Lennard Shelf (1)
-
-
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New Zealand
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Canterbury New Zealand (2)
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-
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bitumens (2)
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brines (1)
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Canada
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Arctic Archipelago (2)
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Maritime Provinces
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Meguma Terrane (2)
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Ontario
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Quebec
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Abitibi County Quebec
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Chibougamau Quebec (1)
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Anticosti Island (1)
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Matagami (1)
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Monteregian Hills (1)
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Saint Lawrence Estuary (1)
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Temiscamingue County Quebec (1)
-
-
-
Elk Point Basin (2)
-
Hudson Bay (2)
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Nunavut
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Baffin Island (2)
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Ellesmere Island (1)
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Sverdrup Basin (1)
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Queen Elizabeth Islands
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Ellesmere Island (1)
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Sverdrup Basin (1)
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Stikinia Terrane (1)
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Ungava (1)
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Western Canada
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Alberta
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British Columbia
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Fraser River delta (1)
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Canadian Cordillera (4)
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Northwest Territories
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Inuvik Northwest Territories (1)
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Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula (1)
-
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Saskatchewan
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Saskatoon Saskatchewan (1)
-
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (6)
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C-14 (29)
-
organic carbon (2)
-
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Caribbean region
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West Indies
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Lesser Antilles
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Trinidad and Tobago
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-
-
-
-
-
Caspian Sea (1)
-
catalogs (1)
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Cenozoic
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lower Cenozoic (2)
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Quaternary
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Holocene
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Atlantic (1)
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lower Holocene (2)
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Mesolithic (1)
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middle Holocene (1)
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Neoglacial (1)
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-
upper Holocene (4)
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-
Pleistocene
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Lake Algonquin (1)
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Lake Missoula (1)
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lower Pleistocene (1)
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middle Pleistocene
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Cromerian (1)
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Riss/Wurm Interglacial (1)
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Saalian (1)
-
upper Pleistocene
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Barents ice sheet (1)
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Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (1)
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Wisconsinan
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middle Wisconsinan (2)
-
upper Wisconsinan (5)
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-
-
-
upper Quaternary (29)
-
-
Stone Age
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Mesolithic (1)
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Paleolithic
-
upper Paleolithic (1)
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-
-
Tertiary
-
Asmari Formation (1)
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Climax Porphyry (1)
-
lower Tertiary (3)
-
middle Tertiary
-
Talang Akar Formation (1)
-
-
Muddy Creek Formation (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
lower Miocene
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Aquitanian (1)
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Burdigalian (2)
-
-
middle Miocene
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Langhian (1)
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Pungo River Formation (1)
-
upper Miocene
-
Messinian
-
Messinian Salinity Crisis (5)
-
-
Tortonian (1)
-
-
-
Pliocene
-
lower Pliocene
-
Zanclean (1)
-
-
upper Pliocene
-
Akchagylian (1)
-
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Black Mingo Group (1)
-
Dongying Formation (2)
-
Eocene
-
Crescent Formation (1)
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Green River Formation (1)
-
lower Eocene
-
Misoa Formation (3)
-
Ypresian (2)
-
-
middle Eocene
-
Bartonian (1)
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Lutetian (1)
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Santee Limestone (1)
-
-
Mirador Formation (1)
-
Ootsa Lake Group (2)
-
upper Eocene
-
Priabonian (1)
-
-
-
Oligocene
-
lower Oligocene (1)
-
upper Oligocene (3)
-
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
Danian (1)
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K-T boundary (5)
-
-
upper Paleocene (3)
-
-
Wilcox Group (2)
-
-
Shahejie Formation (2)
-
-
upper Cenozoic
-
Gubik Formation (1)
-
-
-
Central America
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Costa Rica (2)
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Guatemala (1)
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Panama (2)
-
-
Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Tetrapoda
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Mammalia
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Theria
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Eutheria
-
Proboscidea
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Elephantoidea
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Elephantidae
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Mammuthus (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
clay mineralogy (1)
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climate change (13)
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construction materials (1)
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continental drift (1)
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continental shelf (75)
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continental slope (32)
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crust (44)
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data processing (86)
-
Deep Sea Drilling Project
-
IPOD
-
DSDP Site 603 (1)
-
Leg 48
-
DSDP Site 405 (1)
-
DSDP Site 406 (1)
-
-
Leg 71
-
DSDP Site 511 (1)
-
-
Leg 77
-
DSDP Site 535 (1)
-
DSDP Site 536 (1)
-
DSDP Site 539 (1)
-
DSDP Site 540 (1)
-
-
Leg 90
-
DSDP Site 592 (1)
-
-
Leg 93
-
DSDP Site 604 (1)
-
DSDP Site 605 (1)
-
-
Leg 95 (1)
-
-
Leg 12
-
DSDP Site 111 (1)
-
-
Leg 15
-
DSDP Site 154 (1)
-
-
Leg 21
-
DSDP Site 206 (1)
-
DSDP Site 207 (1)
-
-
Leg 28
-
DSDP Site 272 (1)
-
DSDP Site 273 (1)
-
-
Leg 35
-
DSDP Site 324 (1)
-
DSDP Site 325 (1)
-
-
Leg 36
-
DSDP Site 330 (1)
-
-
Leg 38
-
DSDP Site 338 (1)
-
-
Leg 43
-
DSDP Site 386 (1)
-
DSDP Site 387 (1)
-
-
Leg 5
-
DSDP Site 35 (1)
-
-
-
deformation (64)
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diagenesis (14)
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earthquakes (21)
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East Pacific Ocean Islands
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Hawaii (1)
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economic geology (6)
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energy sources (3)
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
seismic stratigraphy
GEOSEISMIC CHARACTERISTICS, HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL AND RESOURCES OF THE NORTH KARA SEDIMENTARY BASIN Available to Purchase
Carbonate build-up growth model combining seismic attributes and stratigraphic-sedimentological forward modelling: Presalt of the Campos Basin Available to Purchase
STRATIGRAPHIC DRILLING IN THE NORTHEASTERN LAPTEV SEA: MAIN RESULTS AND FURTHER DEVELOPMENT Open Access
The Lomonosov Ridge, central Arctic Ocean – the world's longest submarine ridge of continental origin: outline of the history of exploration, morphology, sediment deposition and exhumation of the North American and Central ridge segments Open Access
The success of exploration and development in the oil and gas industry largely depends on the seismic method, which in turn is dependent on seismic interpretation. This success is because seismic data provide a detailed image of the subsurface, providing not only an image of the current reflector geometries, but through the geoscientist's understanding of geologic processes, of the geologic past. Whether analyzing migrated gathers or stacked traces, the processed seismic data are in the form of reflection amplitudes. Skilled interpreters identify the presence of hydrocarbons by recognizing anomalous high, low, or dim amplitudes. They identify lateral changes in thickness or lithology of thin layers by recognizing lateral changes in amplitude, frequency, and phase of the seismic wavelet. Interpreters also identify faults by recognizing abrupt lateral changes in wavelet alignment and/or reflector orientation, and they differentiate seismic noise by applying their understanding of seismic data acquisition and processing techniques. Not all interpreters are highly skilled in understanding the limitations of seismic acquisition and processing. Nor are all interpreters comfortable with how the seismic data respond to subtle changes in stratigraphy, to architectural elements of depositional systems, to structural components of tectonic deformation, to changes in reflection pattern due to diagenesis, or the amplitude response to hydrocarbons or CO 2 . Seismic attributes quantitively capture effects that a skilled interpreter sees in reflector amplitude, frequency, phase, bandwidth, continuity, orientation, and signal-to-noise ratio. These attributes are not magical; rather they quantitatively map predefined families of patterns seen in the seismic amplitude data. In 2024, seismic attributes and impedance inversion provide excellent images of subtle features in good-quality data that are easy to overlook, especially given the time constraints for interpretation projects. In contrast, attributes have limited value in the analysis of very noisy or poorly imaged data. Here, the human interpreter's ability in pattern recognition along with an understanding of geologic processes and artifacts in seismic data processing is superior to the fixed patterns programmed into today's attribute and impedance inversion algorithms. Seismic attributes extend the concepts of seismic geomorphology, enabling the mapping of structural and stratigraphic features. In combination with impedance, they also facilitate the recognition of seismic facies, and when calibrated with well data, they help predict lithology, porosity, and fluid content. The successful application of seismic attributes requires an understanding of not only their physical principles but also a grasp of seismic data quality and geologic processes. An interpreter may encounter hundreds of attributes ranging from RMS amplitude, spectral components, coherence, curvature, AVO, to impedance and attenuation. Many of these attributes are the same but masquerade with different names, while others are redundant, providing nearly identical results. Still others may prove to be of little practical value. The authors' aim is to provide clarity and organization to this overwhelming list of attributes and guide interpreters in selecting the most appropriate ones for specific objectives.
Shortening a mixed salt and mobile shale system: A case study from East Breaks, northwest Gulf of Mexico Available to Purchase
Generating more constrained seeds for seismic horizon extraction Available to Purchase
Fluvial-style migration controls autogenic aggradation in submarine channels: Joshua Channel, eastern Gulf of Mexico Open Access
Abstract There has been debate over the processes acting on deep-water channels, with comparisons made to the evolution of meandering fluvial systems. We characterized a three-dimensional seismic-reflection dataset of the Joshua deep-water channel–levee system located in the eastern Gulf of Mexico and interpreted 13 horizons showing its kinematic evolution over a 25 km reach. Over this reach, we documented channel migration through systematic bend expansion and downstream translation, which was sustained through channel aggradation as sinuosity increased from 1.25 to 2.3 at abandonment. An abrupt decrease in sinuosity was associated with a neck cutoff, which changed the subsequent migration direction of the channel in that locality. These processes are analogous to the evolution of meandering fluvial systems. We show that increasing channel sinuosity correlates to a reduction in channel slope and hypothesize that this promoted increasingly depositional turbidity currents that led to channel aggradation. Using a simple forward stratigraphic model in which vertical movements of the channel are governed by a stream power law, we show how aggradation can be driven autogenically. Trends in sinuosity, aggradation and slope are in broad agreement between the Joshua Channel and the model. This highlights the potential importance of intrinsic channel processes as a control on system evolution.
Permian–Triassic Boundary in Sedimentary Succession of the Barents Sea Available to Purchase
The Source-to-Sink Character of the Shahejie Formation in the Shulu Slope, Bohai Bay Basin, China Available to Purchase
An integrated correlation from platform to basin: Implications for understanding the Ediacaran succession of Oman Available to Purchase
Paleogene and Neogene sedimentation: development of deep ocean circulation around the Atlantic and Arctic margins Available to Purchase
Rapid loading and deformation of soft sediments during emplacement of a lava delta in the Vøring Basin, Mid-Norwegian Margin Available to Purchase
Abstract Soft sediment deformation structures may form when denser sediments or fluids are deposited on or flow over unlithified and less dense sediments. This study presents a seismic geomorphological study of the basal contact between an extrusive volcanic sequence and underlying sediments, defining the ‘Base Basalt’ surface, on the Mid-Norwegian Margin. This contribution focuses in particular on the development of geomorphological features related to the rapid loading of a several 100 m-thick lava delta package of hyaloclastite onto poorly consolidated sediments of the pre-volcanic sedimentary basin fill. Seismic horizons, sequence boundaries, volcanic facies units and attribute maps are used to characterize the seismic geomorphological features imaged within a high-quality 3D seismic cube. The ‘Base Basalt’ horizon and attribute maps reveal incised channels and a network of polygonal to irregular depressions and ridges described here as an ‘egg-box network’. More than 150 depressions, with a typical diameter of 1 km and a depth of 100 m, have been mapped. The deformation features, which are restricted to the base of the Lava Delta seismic facies unit, are interpreted to be the result of rapid loading of the Lava Delta onto poorly consolidated unlithified pre-volcanic sediments. This study presents new evidence for the dynamic nature of the transition between sedimentary basins and large-scale volcanism found along volcanic margins and basins associated with rapid volcanic deposition.