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NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Angola (1)
-
Congo (1)
-
Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Kaapvaal Craton (1)
-
Namibia
-
Damara Belt (2)
-
-
South Africa
-
Eastern Cape Province South Africa
-
Cape Town South Africa (2)
-
-
Murchison greenstone belt (1)
-
Western Cape Province South Africa (2)
-
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic Peninsula (1)
-
East Antarctica (1)
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Norwegian Sea
-
Voring Plateau (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (1)
-
Milne Land (1)
-
-
-
Asia
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Altai Mountains (3)
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Baikal region (1)
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Central Asia
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Pamirs (1)
-
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Far East
-
Burma (4)
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China
-
Guangdong China (1)
-
Guangxi China (1)
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Inner Mongolia China (1)
-
Kunlun Mountains (2)
-
South China Block (1)
-
Tarim Platform (1)
-
Xinjiang China (1)
-
Xizang China
-
Gangdese Belt (1)
-
Lhasa Block (2)
-
-
Yunnan China (4)
-
-
Indochina (2)
-
Japan
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Hokkaido
-
Hidaka metamorphic belt (1)
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-
Honshu
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Abukuma Mountains (1)
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Iwate Japan
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Kitakami Mountains (1)
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Ryoke Belt (1)
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-
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Malay Peninsula
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West Malaysia
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Selangor Malaysia
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Kuala Lumpur Malaysia (1)
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-
-
-
Malaysia
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West Malaysia
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Selangor Malaysia
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Kuala Lumpur Malaysia (1)
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-
-
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Mongolia (1)
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Thailand (4)
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Vietnam (1)
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Himalayas
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Garhwal Himalayas (1)
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High Himalayan Crystallines (1)
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Kumaun Himalayas (4)
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Lesser Himalayas (7)
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Nanga Parbat (1)
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Indian Peninsula
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Afghanistan (1)
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India
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Bhagirathi River (1)
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Bundelkhand (1)
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Himachal Pradesh India (3)
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Northeastern India
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Arunachal Pradesh India (1)
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Trans-Aravalli Vindhyan Basin (1)
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Uttar Pradesh India (3)
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Uttarakhand India
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Garhwal Himalayas (1)
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Uttarkashi India (1)
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Jammu and Kashmir
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Nanga Parbat (1)
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Pakistan (1)
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Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (1)
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Irkutsk Russian Federation (2)
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Karakoram (1)
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Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation (1)
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Main Boundary Fault (2)
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Main Central Thrust (3)
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Middle East
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Iran
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Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (1)
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Iraq (1)
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Turkey
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Anatolia (1)
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Menderes Massif (1)
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Primorye Russian Federation (1)
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Qiangtang Terrane (1)
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Russian Far East (1)
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Sayan
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Eastern Sayan (1)
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Siberian Platform
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Yenisei Ridge (1)
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Sikhote-Alin Range (1)
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Southeast Asia (3)
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Tibetan Plateau (4)
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Tien Shan (1)
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Tuva Russian Federation
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Sangilen Mountains (1)
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Atlantic Ocean
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North Atlantic
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Gulf of Mexico (1)
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South Atlantic
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Rio Grande Rise (1)
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Walvis Ridge (1)
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Australasia
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Australia
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Lachlan fold belt (13)
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New South Wales Australia (5)
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South Australia (1)
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Tasmania Australia (1)
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Victoria Australia (5)
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New Zealand (3)
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Papua New Guinea (1)
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Tasman orogenic zone (1)
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Caledonides (2)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Newfoundland (2)
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Ontario
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Dryden Ontario (1)
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Quebec (1)
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Western Canada
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Manitoba (1)
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Northwest Territories (1)
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-
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Central Crystallines (1)
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Russian Federation
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Baikal region (1)
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Irkutsk Russian Federation (2)
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Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation (1)
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Primorye Russian Federation (1)
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Russian Far East (1)
-
Siberian Platform
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Yenisei Ridge (1)
-
-
Sikhote-Alin Range (1)
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Tuva Russian Federation
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Sangilen Mountains (1)
-
-
-
-
Europe
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Alps
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Eastern Alps
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Dinaric Alps (1)
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-
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Carpathians
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Slovakian Carpathians
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Spis-Gemer (1)
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Western Carpathians (2)
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Central Europe
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Austria (1)
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Bohemian Massif (2)
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Czech Republic (1)
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Erzgebirge (5)
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Fichtelgebirge (2)
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Germany
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Bavaria Germany (2)
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Slovakia
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Gemer Slovakia (1)
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Slovakian Carpathians
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Spis-Gemer (1)
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Sudeten Mountains (1)
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Switzerland (1)
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Lusatia (1)
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Pannonian Basin (1)
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Southern Europe
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Dinaric Alps (1)
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Greece
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Greek Aegean Islands
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Cyclades
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Naxos (2)
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Tinos (1)
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Hellenic Arc (1)
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Iberian Peninsula
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Central Iberian Zone (1)
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Portugal (2)
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Spain
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Andalusia Spain
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Almeria Spain
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Cerro del Hoyazo Spain (1)
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-
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Betic Cordillera (2)
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Galicia Spain (1)
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Iberian Mountains (1)
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Sierra de Guadarrama (1)
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Spanish Central System (1)
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Serbia (1)
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Tauern Window (1)
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Western Europe
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France
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Central Massif (2)
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Haute-Loire France
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Velay (1)
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-
-
Ireland
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Leinster (1)
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Scandinavia
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Denmark (1)
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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Bristol Channel (1)
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England
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Cornubian Batholith (2)
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Cornwall England (2)
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South-West England (3)
-
-
Scotland
-
Scottish Highlands
-
Grampian Highlands (2)
-
-
-
Wales (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Lake District (1)
-
Mediterranean region
-
Aegean Islands
-
Greek Aegean Islands
-
Cyclades
-
Naxos (2)
-
Tinos (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
East Mediterranean
-
Aegean Sea (1)
-
-
-
Mexico
-
Sonora Mexico (1)
-
-
Midland Valley (2)
-
North America
-
Canadian Shield
-
Churchill Province (1)
-
Slave Province (1)
-
Superior Province
-
Abitibi Belt (1)
-
English River Belt (2)
-
Pontiac Subprovince (1)
-
Uchi Subprovince (1)
-
Wabigoon Belt (1)
-
-
Taltson magmatic zone (1)
-
-
Peninsular Ranges Batholith (3)
-
-
ODP Site 642 (1)
-
Pacific region
-
Circum-Pacific region (1)
-
-
Peninsular Ranges (1)
-
Sierra de San Luis (1)
-
South America
-
Andes
-
Central Andes (3)
-
Cordillera Real (2)
-
Eastern Cordillera (2)
-
Southern Andes (1)
-
-
Argentina
-
Pampean Mountains (1)
-
-
Bolivia
-
La Paz Bolivia (1)
-
-
Chile (2)
-
Patagonia (1)
-
Peru (3)
-
-
South Island (1)
-
United States
-
California
-
Riverside County California (1)
-
San Diego County California (3)
-
Sierra Nevada Batholith (1)
-
Southern California (1)
-
-
Southwestern U.S. (3)
-
-
-
commodities
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barite deposits (1)
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gems (3)
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industrial minerals (1)
-
metal ores
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base metals (1)
-
cobalt ores (1)
-
copper ores (6)
-
gold ores (5)
-
lead ores (2)
-
lithium ores (1)
-
molybdenum ores (4)
-
polymetallic ores (2)
-
rare earth deposits (2)
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silver ores (1)
-
tantalum ores (1)
-
tin ores (10)
-
tungsten ores (6)
-
uranium ores (1)
-
zinc ores (2)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (10)
-
mineral exploration (5)
-
phosphate deposits (1)
-
strategic minerals (1)
-
talc deposits (1)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
boron
-
B-11/B-10 (3)
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
-
chemical ratios (3)
-
halogens
-
fluorine (1)
-
-
isotope ratios (29)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
B-11/B-10 (3)
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (5)
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (15)
-
O-18/O-16 (11)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (18)
-
-
-
large-ion lithophile elements (3)
-
Lu/Hf (5)
-
metals
-
actinides
-
thorium (4)
-
uranium (2)
-
-
alkali metals
-
cesium (2)
-
lithium
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
-
potassium (3)
-
rubidium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
-
sodium (2)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (2)
-
beryllium (2)
-
calcium (3)
-
magnesium (1)
-
strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (18)
-
-
-
aluminum (4)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (5)
-
-
indium (1)
-
iron (1)
-
lead
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
niobium (1)
-
platinum group (1)
-
rare earths
-
cerium (2)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (15)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
yttrium (3)
-
-
tantalum (2)
-
tin (4)
-
titanium (3)
-
tungsten (1)
-
zirconium (1)
-
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
-
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (11)
-
-
phosphorus (4)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
Ar/Ar (4)
-
K/Ar (5)
-
Lu/Hf (5)
-
paleomagnetism (2)
-
Rb/Sr (5)
-
Sm/Nd (4)
-
Sr/Sr (1)
-
Th/U (1)
-
U/Pb (41)
-
U/Th/Pb (3)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
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Quaternary (1)
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Miocene (4)
-
-
Paleogene
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Eocene (1)
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Oligocene (1)
-
Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (1)
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (1)
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Barremian (1)
-
Hauterivian (1)
-
-
Upper Cretaceous
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Cenomanian (1)
-
Tuolumne Intrusive Suite (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
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Upper Jurassic (1)
-
-
lower Mesozoic (1)
-
Triassic
-
Lower Triassic
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Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
-
-
Upper Triassic (2)
-
-
Yanshanian (1)
-
-
Moldanubian (1)
-
Paleozoic
-
Acatlan Complex (1)
-
Cambrian
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Furongian
-
Jiangshanian (1)
-
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Mississippian (1)
-
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian
-
Shap Granite (1)
-
-
Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (1)
-
-
Upper Devonian
-
Famennian (1)
-
-
-
Gemericum (2)
-
lower Paleozoic (6)
-
middle Paleozoic (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician (2)
-
Middle Ordovician (1)
-
Skiddaw Slates (1)
-
-
Permian
-
Lower Permian (2)
-
Middle Permian (1)
-
Upper Permian
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
-
-
-
Phuket Group (1)
-
Silurian (4)
-
Silvretta Group (1)
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Garhwal Group (1)
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (1)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Neoarchean (1)
-
-
Hadean (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Damara System (2)
-
Mesoproterozoic (3)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Vendian (1)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Orosirian (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Rhenohercynian (1)
-
Saxothuringian (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (1)
-
kimberlite (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
diorites
-
plagiogranite (1)
-
quartz diorites (2)
-
tonalite (4)
-
trondhjemite (2)
-
-
gabbros (5)
-
granites
-
alkali granites (2)
-
aplite (2)
-
A-type granites (21)
-
biotite granite (4)
-
granite porphyry (1)
-
granosyenite (1)
-
graphic granite (1)
-
I-type granites (56)
-
leucogranite (10)
-
microgranite (1)
-
monzogranite (6)
-
rapakivi (1)
-
S-type granites (164)
-
two-mica granite (8)
-
-
granodiorites (7)
-
lamprophyres
-
minette (1)
-
-
monzodiorite (2)
-
monzonites (2)
-
pegmatite (22)
-
quartz monzonite (1)
-
syenites
-
granosyenite (1)
-
quartz syenite (1)
-
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites
-
dunite (1)
-
harzburgite (1)
-
-
-
-
porphyry (1)
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (1)
-
andesites (1)
-
basalts
-
shoshonite (1)
-
tholeiite (1)
-
-
dacites (3)
-
glasses (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (1)
-
ignimbrite (1)
-
-
rhyolites (6)
-
-
-
ophiolite (2)
-
volcanic ash (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (1)
-
eclogite (1)
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (2)
-
biotite gneiss (1)
-
granite gneiss (2)
-
orthogneiss (1)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
granulites (5)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metadacite (1)
-
metagranite (1)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (5)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
greisen (6)
-
skarn (1)
-
-
migmatites (13)
-
schists
-
tourmalinite (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (2)
-
turbidite (1)
-
-
minerals
-
carbonates
-
bastnaesite (1)
-
-
halides
-
fluorides
-
bastnaesite (1)
-
topaz (4)
-
zinnwaldite (3)
-
-
-
oxides
-
aluminum oxides (1)
-
cassiterite (1)
-
corundum (1)
-
goethite (1)
-
hercynite (1)
-
ilmenite (2)
-
magnetite (1)
-
niobates
-
columbite (1)
-
-
rutile (1)
-
uraninite (2)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (5)
-
chlorapatite (1)
-
fluorapatite (1)
-
goyazite (1)
-
monazite (9)
-
xenotime (2)
-
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
hornblende (2)
-
-
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
spodumene (2)
-
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
amazonite (1)
-
orthoclase (1)
-
sanidine (1)
-
-
plagioclase
-
albite (3)
-
-
-
silica minerals
-
quartz (4)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
andalusite (2)
-
garnet group
-
almandine (1)
-
-
sillimanite (2)
-
topaz (4)
-
zircon group
-
thorite (1)
-
zircon (34)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
epidote group
-
allanite (1)
-
epidote (1)
-
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
aquamarine (1)
-
beryl (2)
-
cordierite (6)
-
tourmaline group (8)
-
-
sheet silicates
-
mica group
-
biotite (4)
-
muscovite (4)
-
phengite (1)
-
phlogopite (1)
-
zinnwaldite (3)
-
-
serpentine group
-
berthierine (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (48)
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Angola (1)
-
Congo (1)
-
Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Kaapvaal Craton (1)
-
Namibia
-
Damara Belt (2)
-
-
South Africa
-
Eastern Cape Province South Africa
-
Cape Town South Africa (2)
-
-
Murchison greenstone belt (1)
-
Western Cape Province South Africa (2)
-
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic Peninsula (1)
-
East Antarctica (1)
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Norwegian Sea
-
Voring Plateau (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (1)
-
Milne Land (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Altai Mountains (3)
-
Baikal region (1)
-
Central Asia
-
Pamirs (1)
-
-
Far East
-
Burma (4)
-
China
-
Guangdong China (1)
-
Guangxi China (1)
-
Inner Mongolia China (1)
-
Kunlun Mountains (2)
-
South China Block (1)
-
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
S-type granites
High-precision U–Pb geochronology of the Lundy igneous complex: implications for North Atlantic volcanism and the far-field Paleocene–Eocene ash record Open Access
Extensional settings favour initial REE enrichment in the parent granites of ion-adsorption REE deposits: implications from Late Permian to Triassic granites in South China Available to Purchase
The Sea Point contact, Cape Town, South Africa: a geological site made famous by Charles Darwin's visit Available to Purchase
Abstract The Sea Point intrusive contact on the Atlantic coast, South Africa, is a site of historical significance that continues to be useful for studying the details of granite–wall rock relationships, some of which have not been properly evaluated yet. At a time when the origin of granites was still controversial, and the concept of contact metamorphism not yet properly developed, Charles Darwin visited the Sea Point contact to make some geologically important observations. He concluded that the granite originated as a magma deep in the Earth, intruded a country rock of sedimentary origin and changed this country rock's appearance owing to the thermal action of the hot granite magma. He also contemplated the long periods of time required to expose the rocks by erosion. Besides its historic value, the Sea Point heritage site exposes unique features giving rare insights into the physical and chemical interaction between intruding granitic magma and a regionally low-grade metamorphosed sedimentary sequence. Questions regarding mechanisms of magmatic emplacement may be answered from this outcrop, including emplacement dynamics and interrelationships of various granitic phases, pre- versus syn-intrusive deformation and metamorphism, assimilation of country rock by a granitic magma and the origin of feldspar phenocrysts seemingly ‘stranded’ in the country rock.
Tin Mineralization in the Triassic Chacaltaya District (Cordillera Real, Bolivia) Traced by In Situ Chemical and δ 18 O-δ 11 B Compositions of Tourmaline Available to Purchase
Late Paleozoic magmatism and foreland deformation associated with opening and closing of marginal basins in the North Patagonian Andes Available to Purchase
Permian–Triassic magmatism above a slab window in the Eastern Tianshan: Implications for the evolution of the southern Altaids Available to Purchase
Bidirectional subduction of the Proto-Tethys Ocean: constraints from geochronology and geochemistry of S-type granites from Baoshan Block in western Yunnan (SW China) Available to Purchase
Tectonic evolution of the Proto-Qiangtang Ocean and its relationship with the Palaeo-Tethys and Rheic oceans Available to Purchase
Abstract An evaluation of the potential geodynamic connections between the evolution of Paleozoic oceans in NW Gondwana and NE Gondwana is challenging. Until recently, most syntheses emphasized only two Paleozoic oceans (the Proto-Tethys and the Palaeo-Tethys) in the east Tethys realm. However, the discovery of early Paleozoic ophiolites along Palaeo-Tethys sutures located south of Proto-Tethys sutures challenges these traditional views. After a comprehensive review of relevant early Paleozoic tectonomagmatic events, we herein recognize and propose a model for the tectonic evolution of a hitherto unrecognized early Paleozoic ocean, which we call the Proto-Qiangtang Ocean. This ocean was short lived; it opened in the late Cambrian, began to subduct in the Middle Ordovician, and closed diachronously westwards between the Late Ordovician and the middle Silurian. Its closure by middle Silurian time indicates that was a spatially and temporally distinct ocean from the Palaeo-Tethys Ocean. The early tectonic evolution of the Proto-Qiangtang Ocean shares many characteristics with that of the Rheic Ocean. Both opened in the late Cambrian in the back-arc region of the Iapetus–Proto-Tethys Ocean, and the Proto-Qiangtang Ocean is considered to represent the eastern extension of the Rheic Ocean. This correlation has important implications for the Paleozoic tectonic evolution and palaeogeography of northern Gondwana.