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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Angola (1)
-
Congo (1)
-
Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Kaapvaal Craton (1)
-
Namibia
-
Damara Belt (2)
-
-
South Africa
-
Eastern Cape Province South Africa
-
Cape Town South Africa (1)
-
-
Murchison greenstone belt (1)
-
Western Cape Province South Africa (1)
-
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic Peninsula (1)
-
East Antarctica (1)
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (1)
-
Milne Land (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Altai Mountains (2)
-
Baikal region (1)
-
Central Asia
-
Pamirs (1)
-
-
Far East
-
Burma (4)
-
China
-
Guangdong China (1)
-
Guangxi China (1)
-
Kunlun Mountains (2)
-
South China Block (1)
-
Tarim Platform (1)
-
Xinjiang China (1)
-
Xizang China
-
Gangdese Belt (1)
-
Lhasa Block (2)
-
-
Yunnan China (2)
-
-
Indochina (1)
-
Japan
-
Hokkaido
-
Hidaka metamorphic belt (1)
-
-
Honshu
-
Abukuma Mountains (1)
-
Iwate Japan
-
Kitakami Mountains (1)
-
-
Ryoke Belt (1)
-
-
-
Malay Peninsula
-
West Malaysia
-
Selangor Malaysia
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Kuala Lumpur Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
-
Malaysia
-
West Malaysia
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Selangor Malaysia
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Kuala Lumpur Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
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Mongolia (1)
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Thailand (4)
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Himalayas
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Garhwal Himalayas (1)
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High Himalayan Crystallines (1)
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Lesser Himalayas (2)
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Nanga Parbat (1)
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Indian Peninsula
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Afghanistan (1)
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India
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Bhagirathi River (1)
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Uttarakhand India
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Garhwal Himalayas (1)
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Uttarkashi India (1)
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-
-
Jammu and Kashmir
-
Nanga Parbat (1)
-
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Pakistan (1)
-
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Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (1)
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Irkutsk Russian Federation (2)
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Karakoram (1)
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Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation (1)
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Main Central Thrust (2)
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Middle East
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Iran
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Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (1)
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Iraq (1)
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Turkey
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Anatolia (1)
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Menderes Massif (1)
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-
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Primorye Russian Federation (1)
-
Qiangtang Terrane (1)
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Russian Far East (1)
-
Sayan
-
Eastern Sayan (1)
-
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Siberian Platform
-
Yenisei Ridge (1)
-
-
Sikhote-Alin Range (1)
-
Southeast Asia (3)
-
Tibetan Plateau (4)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
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North Atlantic
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Gulf of Mexico (1)
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South Atlantic
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Rio Grande Rise (1)
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Walvis Ridge (1)
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-
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Australasia
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Australia
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Lachlan fold belt (11)
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New South Wales Australia (4)
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South Australia (1)
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Tasmania Australia (1)
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Victoria Australia (5)
-
-
New Zealand (3)
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Papua New Guinea (1)
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Tasman orogenic zone (1)
-
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Caledonides (2)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Newfoundland (2)
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Ontario
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Quebec (1)
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Western Canada
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Manitoba (1)
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Northwest Territories (1)
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Russian Federation
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Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation (1)
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Primorye Russian Federation (1)
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Russian Far East (1)
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Siberian Platform
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Yenisei Ridge (1)
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Sikhote-Alin Range (1)
-
-
-
Europe
-
Alps
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Eastern Alps
-
Dinaric Alps (1)
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Carpathians
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Slovakian Carpathians (1)
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Western Carpathians (1)
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Central Europe
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Austria (1)
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Czech Republic (1)
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Erzgebirge (5)
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Fichtelgebirge (2)
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Germany
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Bavaria Germany (2)
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Slovakia
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Gemer Slovakia (1)
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Sudeten Mountains (1)
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Switzerland (1)
-
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Lusatia (1)
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Pannonian Basin (1)
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Southern Europe
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Dinaric Alps (1)
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Greece
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Greek Aegean Islands
-
Cyclades
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Naxos (2)
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Tinos (1)
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Hellenic Arc (1)
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Iberian Peninsula
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Central Iberian Zone (1)
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Portugal (2)
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Spain
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Andalusia Spain
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Almeria Spain
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Cerro del Hoyazo Spain (1)
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Betic Cordillera (2)
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Galicia Spain (1)
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Iberian Mountains (1)
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Sierra de Guadarrama (1)
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Spanish Central System (1)
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Serbia (1)
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Tauern Window (1)
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Western Europe
-
France
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Central Massif (2)
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Haute-Loire France
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Velay (1)
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Ireland
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Leinster (1)
-
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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England
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Cornubian Batholith (1)
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Cornwall England (2)
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South-West England (3)
-
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Scotland
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Scottish Highlands
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Grampian Highlands (2)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Lake District (1)
-
Mediterranean region
-
Aegean Islands
-
Greek Aegean Islands
-
Cyclades
-
Naxos (2)
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Tinos (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
East Mediterranean
-
Aegean Sea (1)
-
-
-
Mexico
-
Sonora Mexico (1)
-
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Midland Valley (2)
-
North America
-
Canadian Shield
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Churchill Province (1)
-
Slave Province (1)
-
Superior Province
-
Abitibi Belt (1)
-
English River Belt (2)
-
Pontiac Subprovince (1)
-
Uchi Subprovince (1)
-
Wabigoon Belt (1)
-
-
Taltson magmatic zone (1)
-
-
Peninsular Ranges Batholith (3)
-
-
Pacific region
-
Circum-Pacific region (1)
-
-
Peninsular Ranges (1)
-
Sierra de San Luis (1)
-
South America
-
Andes
-
Central Andes (2)
-
Cordillera Real (1)
-
Eastern Cordillera (2)
-
Southern Andes (1)
-
-
Argentina
-
Pampean Mountains (1)
-
-
Bolivia
-
La Paz Bolivia (1)
-
-
Chile (2)
-
Peru (3)
-
-
South Island (1)
-
United States
-
California
-
Riverside County California (1)
-
San Diego County California (3)
-
Sierra Nevada Batholith (1)
-
Southern California (1)
-
-
Southwestern U.S. (3)
-
-
-
commodities
-
barite deposits (1)
-
gems (2)
-
industrial minerals (1)
-
metal ores
-
base metals (1)
-
cobalt ores (1)
-
copper ores (6)
-
gold ores (4)
-
lead ores (2)
-
lithium ores (1)
-
molybdenum ores (4)
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polymetallic ores (1)
-
rare earth deposits (1)
-
silver ores (1)
-
tantalum ores (1)
-
tin ores (9)
-
tungsten ores (6)
-
uranium ores (1)
-
zinc ores (2)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (8)
-
mineral exploration (4)
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phosphate deposits (1)
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strategic minerals (1)
-
talc deposits (1)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
boron
-
B-11/B-10 (2)
-
-
chemical ratios (1)
-
halogens
-
fluorine (1)
-
-
isotope ratios (22)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
B-11/B-10 (2)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (4)
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (13)
-
O-18/O-16 (8)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (15)
-
-
-
large-ion lithophile elements (2)
-
Lu/Hf (3)
-
metals
-
actinides
-
thorium (4)
-
uranium (2)
-
-
alkali metals
-
cesium (2)
-
lithium
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
-
potassium (3)
-
rubidium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
-
sodium (2)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (2)
-
beryllium (1)
-
calcium (3)
-
magnesium (1)
-
strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (15)
-
-
-
aluminum (4)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (4)
-
-
indium (1)
-
iron (1)
-
lead
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
niobium (1)
-
platinum group (1)
-
rare earths
-
cerium (2)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (13)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
yttrium (3)
-
-
tantalum (2)
-
tin (4)
-
titanium (3)
-
tungsten (1)
-
zirconium (1)
-
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
-
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (8)
-
-
phosphorus (4)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
Ar/Ar (4)
-
K/Ar (5)
-
Lu/Hf (3)
-
paleomagnetism (2)
-
Rb/Sr (4)
-
Sm/Nd (4)
-
Sr/Sr (1)
-
Th/U (1)
-
U/Pb (31)
-
U/Th/Pb (3)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary (1)
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Miocene (4)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Oligocene (1)
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (1)
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Barremian (1)
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Hauterivian (1)
-
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Cenomanian (1)
-
Tuolumne Intrusive Suite (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Upper Jurassic (1)
-
-
lower Mesozoic (1)
-
Triassic
-
Upper Triassic (1)
-
-
Yanshanian (1)
-
-
Moldanubian (1)
-
Paleozoic
-
Acatlan Complex (1)
-
Cambrian
-
Upper Cambrian (3)
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Mississippian (1)
-
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian
-
Shap Granite (1)
-
-
Upper Devonian (1)
-
-
Gemericum (1)
-
lower Paleozoic (4)
-
middle Paleozoic (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician (1)
-
Skiddaw Slates (1)
-
-
Permian
-
Lower Permian (1)
-
Upper Permian (1)
-
-
Phuket Group (1)
-
Silurian (3)
-
Silvretta Group (1)
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Garhwal Group (1)
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (1)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Neoarchean (1)
-
-
Hadean (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Damara System (2)
-
Mesoproterozoic (2)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Vendian (1)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Orosirian (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Rhenohercynian (1)
-
Saxothuringian (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (1)
-
kimberlite (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
diorites
-
plagiogranite (1)
-
quartz diorites (1)
-
tonalite (4)
-
trondhjemite (2)
-
-
gabbros (3)
-
granites
-
alkali granites (2)
-
aplite (2)
-
A-type granites (18)
-
biotite granite (4)
-
granite porphyry (1)
-
graphic granite (1)
-
I-type granites (49)
-
leucogranite (9)
-
microgranite (1)
-
monzogranite (5)
-
S-type granites (131)
-
two-mica granite (4)
-
-
granodiorites (6)
-
lamprophyres
-
minette (1)
-
-
monzodiorite (2)
-
monzonites (2)
-
pegmatite (20)
-
quartz monzonite (1)
-
syenites
-
quartz syenite (1)
-
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites
-
dunite (1)
-
harzburgite (1)
-
-
-
-
porphyry (1)
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (1)
-
andesites (1)
-
basalts
-
shoshonite (1)
-
tholeiite (1)
-
-
dacites (3)
-
glasses (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (1)
-
ignimbrite (1)
-
-
rhyolites (6)
-
-
-
ophiolite (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
eclogite (1)
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (1)
-
biotite gneiss (1)
-
granite gneiss (2)
-
paragneiss (1)
-
-
granulites (5)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metadacite (1)
-
metagranite (1)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (4)
-
paragneiss (1)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
greisen (4)
-
-
migmatites (10)
-
schists
-
tourmalinite (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (1)
-
turbidite (1)
-
-
minerals
-
carbonates
-
bastnaesite (1)
-
-
halides
-
fluorides
-
bastnaesite (1)
-
topaz (3)
-
zinnwaldite (2)
-
-
-
oxides
-
cassiterite (1)
-
corundum (1)
-
hercynite (1)
-
ilmenite (2)
-
magnetite (1)
-
niobates
-
columbite (1)
-
-
rutile (1)
-
uraninite (2)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (3)
-
chlorapatite (1)
-
fluorapatite (1)
-
goyazite (1)
-
monazite (9)
-
xenotime (2)
-
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
hornblende (2)
-
-
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
spodumene (2)
-
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
amazonite (1)
-
orthoclase (1)
-
sanidine (1)
-
-
plagioclase
-
albite (3)
-
-
-
silica minerals
-
quartz (4)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
andalusite (2)
-
garnet group
-
almandine (1)
-
-
sillimanite (2)
-
topaz (3)
-
zircon group
-
thorite (1)
-
zircon (27)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
epidote group
-
allanite (1)
-
epidote (1)
-
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
beryl (1)
-
cordierite (6)
-
tourmaline group (6)
-
-
sheet silicates
-
mica group
-
biotite (4)
-
muscovite (4)
-
phlogopite (1)
-
zinnwaldite (2)
-
-
serpentine group
-
berthierine (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (40)
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Angola (1)
-
Congo (1)
-
Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Kaapvaal Craton (1)
-
Namibia
-
Damara Belt (2)
-
-
South Africa
-
Eastern Cape Province South Africa
-
Cape Town South Africa (1)
-
-
Murchison greenstone belt (1)
-
Western Cape Province South Africa (1)
-
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic Peninsula (1)
-
East Antarctica (1)
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (1)
-
Milne Land (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Altai Mountains (2)
-
Baikal region (1)
-
Central Asia
-
Pamirs (1)
-
-
Far East
-
Burma (4)
-
China
-
Guangdong China (1)
-
Guangxi China (1)
-
Kunlun Mountains (2)
-
South China Block (1)
-
Tarim Platform (1)
-
Xinjiang China (1)
-
Xizang China
-
Gangdese Belt (1)
-
Lhasa Block (2)
-
-
Yunnan China (2)
-
-
Indochina (1)
-
Japan
-
Hokkaido
-
Hidaka metamorphic belt (1)
-
-
Honshu
-
Abukuma Mountains (1)
-
Iwate Japan
-
Kitakami Mountains (1)
-
-
Ryoke Belt (1)
-
-
-
Malay Peninsula
-
West Malaysia
-
Selangor Malaysia
-
Kuala Lumpur Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
-
Malaysia
-
West Malaysia
-
Selangor Malaysia
-
Kuala Lumpur Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
-
Mongolia (1)
-
Thailand (4)
-
-
Himalayas
-
Garhwal Himalayas (1)
-
High Himalayan Crystallines (1)
-
Lesser Himalayas (2)
-
Nanga Parbat (1)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
Afghanistan (1)
-
India
-
Bhagirathi River (1)
-
Uttarakhand India
-
Garhwal Himalayas (1)
-
Uttarkashi India (1)
-
-
-
Jammu and Kashmir
-
Nanga Parbat (1)
-
-
Pakistan (1)
-
-
Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (1)
-
Irkutsk Russian Federation (2)
-
Karakoram (1)
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Main Central Thrust (2)
-
Middle East
-
Iran
-
Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (1)
-
-
Iraq (1)
-
Turkey
-
Anatolia (1)
-
Menderes Massif (1)
-
-
-
Primorye Russian Federation (1)
-
Qiangtang Terrane (1)
-
Russian Far East (1)
-
Sayan
-
Eastern Sayan (1)
-
-
Siberian Platform
-
Yenisei Ridge (1)
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U-Pb and Re-Os geochronology and geochemistry of the Ulgen hidden porphyry Mo deposit in the Derbugan metallogenic belt (NE China): Insights into petrogenesis and tectonic setting
Large-scale rare-metal pegmatite deposit formation driven by supercontinent assembly
Revealing the link between A-type granites and hottest melts from residual metasedimentary crust
Hadean tectonics: Insights from machine learning
Contemporaneous crust-derived I- and S-type granite magmatism and normal faulting on Tinos, Delos, and Naxos, Greece: Constraints on Aegean orogenic collapse
Cambrian–Ordovician magmatic flare-up in NE Gondwana: A silicic large igneous province?
Tibetan Plateau insights into >1100 °C crustal melting in the Quaternary
TRACE ELEMENTS IN QUARTZ: INSIGHTS INTO SOURCE AND FLUID EVOLUTION IN MAGMATIC-HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS
The origin of gem spodumene in the Hamadan Pegmatite, Alvand Plutonic Complex, western Iran
ABSTRACT The supercontinent of Pangea formed through the diachronous collision of Laurussia and Gondwana during the late Paleozoic. While magmatism associated with its formation is well documented in the Variscan orogeny of Europe and Alleghanian orogeny of the United States, little is known about the Sonora orogeny of northern Mexico. This paper reports geochronology (U-Pb zircon), whole-rock geochemistry, and Lu-Hf zircon isotope data on basement cores from the western Gulf of Mexico, which were used to develop a tectonomagmatic model for pre- to post-Pangea amalgamation. Our results suggest the existence of three distinct phases of magmatism, produced during different stages of continental assembly and disassembly. The first phase consists of Early Permian (294–274 Ma; n = 3) granitoids with geochemical signatures indicative of a continental arc tectonic setting. This phase formed on the margins of Gondwana during the closure of the Rheic Ocean, prior to the final amalgamation of Pangea. It likely represents a lateral analogue of late Carboniferous–Early Permian granitoids that intrude the Acatlán and Oaxacan Complexes. The second phase of magmatism includes Late Permian–Early Triassic (263–243 Ma; n = 13) granitoids with suprasubduction geochemical affinities. However, Lu-Hf isotope data indicate that these granitoids formed from crustal anatexis, with ε Hf values and two-step Hf depleted mantle model ages (T DM[Hf] ) comparable to the Oaxaquia continental crust into which they intrude. This phase of magmatism is likely related to coeval granitoids in the Oaxaca area and Chiapas Massif. We interpret it to reflect late- to postcollisional magmatism along the margin of Gondwana following the assembly of Pangea. Finally, the third phase of magmatism includes Early–Middle Jurassic (189–164 Ma; n = 2) mafic porphyries, which could be related to the synchronous suprasubduction magmatism associated with the Nazas arc. Overall, our results are consistent with Pangea assembly through diachronous collision of Laurussia and Gondwana during subduction of the Rheic Ocean. They suggest that postorogenic magmatism in the western termination of the Rheic suture occurred under the influence of a Panthalassan subduction zone, before opening of the Gulf of Mexico.