Skip Nav Destination
rutile
Update search
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Congo Democratic Republic
-
Kasai (1)
-
-
-
East Africa
-
Kenya (1)
-
-
Madagascar (3)
-
North Africa
-
Morocco (1)
-
Tunisia (1)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Botswana (3)
-
Kaapvaal Craton (3)
-
Lesotho (1)
-
Namibia (1)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (2)
-
Merensky Reef (1)
-
Northern Cape Province South Africa
-
Kimberley South Africa (1)
-
-
North-West Province South Africa (1)
-
Transvaal region (1)
-
Witwatersrand (2)
-
-
-
West Africa
-
Cameroon (2)
-
Ghana (1)
-
Senegal (1)
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Enderby Land (1)
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Norwegian Sea
-
More Basin (1)
-
Voring Basin (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (2)
-
West Greenland (2)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Altai Mountains
-
Mongolian Altai (1)
-
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Arabian Shield (1)
-
Saudi Arabia (2)
-
-
Baikal region (5)
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (3)
-
-
-
Pamirs (2)
-
-
Far East
-
Borneo
-
Kalimantan Indonesia (1)
-
-
Burma (2)
-
China
-
Dabie Mountains (4)
-
Donghai China (2)
-
Gansu China (1)
-
Henan China (2)
-
Hunan China (1)
-
Inner Mongolia China
-
Bayan Obo China (1)
-
-
Jiangsu China (1)
-
Liaoning China
-
Liaodong Peninsula (1)
-
-
Loess Plateau (1)
-
Nanling (1)
-
North China Platform (5)
-
Qaidam Basin (1)
-
Qilian Mountains (1)
-
Shandong China (1)
-
Shanxi China (1)
-
Sichuan Basin (1)
-
Sichuan China
-
Panxi Rift (1)
-
-
South China Block (2)
-
Sulu Terrane (5)
-
Xinjiang China
-
Tarim Basin (1)
-
-
Xizang China
-
Lhasa China (1)
-
-
Yangtze River (2)
-
Yangtze River valley (1)
-
-
Indonesia
-
Kalimantan Indonesia (1)
-
-
Japan
-
Honshu
-
Abukuma Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Luzon Arc (1)
-
Malaysia (1)
-
Mongolia
-
Mongolian Altai (1)
-
-
Philippine Islands
-
Luzon
-
Bataan Philippine Islands (1)
-
-
-
Taiwan (1)
-
Thailand (2)
-
-
Himalayas
-
High Himalayan Crystallines (1)
-
-
Hindu Kush (1)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Madhya Pradesh India
-
Jhabua India (1)
-
-
Orissa India (1)
-
Rajasthan India (1)
-
Tamil Nadu India (1)
-
-
Indian Shield (1)
-
Kohistan (1)
-
Nepal (1)
-
Pakistan (1)
-
-
Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (1)
-
Irkutsk Russian Federation
-
Slyudyanka Russian Federation (6)
-
-
Kamchatka Russian Federation
-
Kamchatka Peninsula
-
Tolbachik (1)
-
-
-
Karakoram (1)
-
Lake Baikal (1)
-
Lena River (1)
-
Middle East
-
Iran
-
Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (1)
-
-
Iraq (2)
-
Syria (1)
-
Turkey
-
Menderes Massif (1)
-
Pontic Mountains (1)
-
Taurus Mountains (1)
-
-
Zagros (2)
-
-
Popigay Structure (1)
-
Russian Pacific region (1)
-
Siberia (1)
-
Siberian fold belt (4)
-
Siberian Platform (2)
-
Sri Lanka (1)
-
Tibetan Plateau (3)
-
Tien Shan (2)
-
West Siberia (1)
-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Udachnaya Pipe (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Faeroe-Shetland Basin (2)
-
Gulf of Maine (2)
-
North Sea
-
Viking Graben (1)
-
-
Northeast Atlantic (1)
-
Rockall Trough (1)
-
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
New South Wales Australia (3)
-
Queensland Australia (1)
-
Victoria Australia
-
Ballarat Australia (1)
-
Ballarat gold field (1)
-
Bendigo Australia (1)
-
Bendigo gold field (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Capricorn Orogen (1)
-
Hamersley Basin (1)
-
Kalgoorlie Australia (1)
-
Murchison Province (1)
-
Yilgarn Craton (2)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Coromandel Peninsula (1)
-
Otago Schist (2)
-
Southland New Zealand
-
Fiordland National Park (1)
-
-
Torlesse Terrane (1)
-
-
Papua New Guinea (1)
-
-
Avalon Zone (1)
-
Caledonides (3)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick (2)
-
Nova Scotia
-
Cobequid Highlands (1)
-
Minas Basin (2)
-
-
-
Meguma Terrane (2)
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland (1)
-
-
Ontario
-
Cochrane District Ontario
-
Kidd Creek Mine (1)
-
-
Gowganda Ontario (2)
-
Hemlo Deposit (2)
-
Kenora District Ontario
-
Attawapiskat Ontario (1)
-
-
Sudbury District Ontario (1)
-
Thunder Bay District Ontario
-
Lake Nipigon (1)
-
-
Timiskaming District Ontario
-
Cobalt Ontario (1)
-
-
-
Quebec
-
Abitibi County Quebec
-
Val d'Or Quebec (1)
-
-
Rouville County Quebec
-
Mont-Saint-Hilaire Quebec (1)
-
-
Sigma Mine (1)
-
-
-
Western Canada
-
Athabasca Basin (2)
-
British Columbia
-
Revelstoke British Columbia (1)
-
-
Manitoba (1)
-
Northwest Territories (3)
-
Saskatchewan (2)
-
-
-
Central America
-
Guatemala (1)
-
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (3)
-
-
-
Russian Federation
-
Baikal region (5)
-
Central Urals (1)
-
Chelyabinsk Russian Federation
-
Ilmen Mountains (1)
-
-
Irkutsk Russian Federation
-
Slyudyanka Russian Federation (6)
-
-
Kamchatka Russian Federation
-
Kamchatka Peninsula
-
Tolbachik (1)
-
-
-
Karelia Russian Federation (1)
-
Lake Baikal (1)
-
Lena River (1)
-
Maksyutov Complex (1)
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Kola Peninsula (2)
-
-
Popigay Structure (1)
-
Russian Pacific region (1)
-
Siberian Platform (2)
-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Udachnaya Pipe (1)
-
-
-
Urals
-
Central Urals (1)
-
Southern Urals
-
Ilmen Mountains (1)
-
Maksyutov Complex (1)
-
-
-
West Siberia (1)
-
-
Elba (1)
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Eastern Alps
-
Austroalpine Zone (1)
-
Koralpe Range (1)
-
-
Swiss Alps (2)
-
Western Alps (2)
-
-
Central Europe
-
Austria
-
Koralpe Range (1)
-
-
Czech Republic
-
Moravia (1)
-
-
Germany
-
Bavaria Germany
-
Hagendorf (1)
-
Ries Crater (1)
-
-
Eifel (2)
-
Saxonian Massif (1)
-
-
Slovakia (3)
-
Switzerland
-
Swiss Alps (2)
-
Valais Switzerland
-
Binnental (2)
-
-
-
-
Karelia Russian Federation (1)
-
Lapland
-
Lapland Finland (2)
-
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Kola Peninsula (2)
-
-
Pyrenees (2)
-
Rhenish Schiefergebirge
-
Eifel (2)
-
-
Southern Europe
-
Greece
-
Greek Macedonia
-
Vourinos (1)
-
-
Greek Thrace
-
Rhodope Greece (2)
-
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Central Iberian Zone (1)
-
Iberian Massif (1)
-
Portugal (2)
-
Spain
-
Basque Provinces Spain (1)
-
Cantabrian Basin (1)
-
Castilla y Leon Spain
-
Salamanca Spain (1)
-
-
Galicia Spain
-
Ordenes Complex (1)
-
-
-
-
Italy
-
Campania Italy
-
Monte Somma (1)
-
Vesuvius (1)
-
-
Ivrea-Verbano Zone (1)
-
Sardinia Italy (1)
-
Valle d'Aosta Italy (1)
-
-
Macedonia
-
Greek Macedonia
-
Vourinos (1)
-
-
-
Moesian Platform (1)
-
Rhodope Mountains (3)
-
-
Thrace
-
Greek Thrace
-
Rhodope Greece (2)
-
-
-
Tornquist-Teisseyre Zone (1)
-
Variscides (2)
-
Western Europe
-
Belgium (1)
-
France
-
Ariege France (1)
-
Brittany (1)
-
Central Massif
-
Montagne Noire (1)
-
-
Corsica (1)
-
Haute-Vienne France (1)
-
Limousin (1)
-
-
Scandinavia
-
Finland
-
Lapland Finland (2)
-
-
Norway
-
Southern Norway (1)
-
Troms Norway (1)
-
-
Sweden (1)
-
Western Gneiss region (3)
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Yorkshire England (1)
-
-
Scotland (2)
-
-
-
-
-
Indian Ocean
-
Atlantis II fracture zone (1)
-
Bengal Fan (1)
-
-
Indian Ocean Islands
-
Madagascar (3)
-
-
Malay Archipelago
-
Borneo
-
Kalimantan Indonesia (1)
-
-
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
East Mediterranean
-
Black Sea (1)
-
-
-
Mexico
-
Oaxaca Mexico (1)
-
-
Murray Basin (1)
-
North America
-
Appalachians
-
Southern Appalachians (1)
-
-
Canadian Shield
-
Grenville Province
-
Central Metasedimentary Belt (1)
-
-
Slave Province (2)
-
Superior Province
-
Abitibi Belt (5)
-
Kapuskasing Zone (1)
-
-
-
Great Lakes
-
Lake Superior (1)
-
-
Grenville Front (1)
-
Humber Zone (1)
-
Keweenawan Rift (2)
-
Transcontinental Arch (1)
-
-
North Island (1)
-
Northern Highlands (1)
-
Oceania
-
Micronesia
-
Mariana Islands (1)
-
-
-
Pacific Ocean
-
North Pacific
-
Northwest Pacific
-
South China Sea
-
Manila Trench (1)
-
-
-
-
West Pacific
-
Northwest Pacific
-
South China Sea
-
Manila Trench (1)
-
-
-
-
-
San Joaquin Basin (1)
-
Santa Catalina Island (1)
-
Sierra de San Luis (1)
-
South America
-
Argentina
-
Buenos Aires Argentina (1)
-
Jujuy Argentina (1)
-
Mendoza Argentina (1)
-
Pampean Mountains (1)
-
-
Brazil
-
Aracuai Belt (1)
-
Bahia Brazil (2)
-
Borborema (1)
-
Minas Gerais Brazil
-
Ouro Preto Brazil (1)
-
-
-
Guiana Shield (1)
-
Venezuela (1)
-
-
South Island (3)
-
South Mountain Batholith (2)
-
Southern Alps (1)
-
United States
-
Alaska
-
Anchorage Alaska (1)
-
Seward Peninsula (1)
-
-
Arizona (1)
-
Arkansas (1)
-
Atlantic Coastal Plain
-
Southern Atlantic Coastal Plain (1)
-
-
California
-
Channel Islands (1)
-
Kern County California (1)
-
Los Angeles County California (1)
-
Mono County California
-
Long Valley Caldera (1)
-
-
-
Chesapeake Bay (1)
-
Colorado
-
Park County Colorado (1)
-
-
Connecticut (3)
-
Eastern U.S.
-
Southeastern U.S. (1)
-
-
Florida (1)
-
Georgia
-
Jefferson County Georgia (1)
-
-
Idaho (1)
-
Illinois
-
Rock Island County Illinois
-
Rock Island Illinois (1)
-
-
-
Maine (3)
-
Maryland
-
Harford County Maryland (1)
-
-
Massachusetts (1)
-
Merrimack Synclinorium (1)
-
Missouri
-
Saint Francois Mountains (2)
-
-
Montana
-
Butte mining district (1)
-
Silver Bow County Montana
-
Butte Montana (1)
-
-
-
Nebraska (1)
-
New York
-
Adirondack Mountains (1)
-
-
North Carolina (1)
-
Pennsylvania
-
Fayette County Pennsylvania (1)
-
-
Utah
-
Juab County Utah (1)
-
-
Vermont (1)
-
Virginia (3)
-
Wisconsin
-
Marathon County Wisconsin (1)
-
Sauk County Wisconsin (1)
-
-
Wyoming (1)
-
-
White Bay (1)
-
-
commodities
-
brines (2)
-
ceramic materials (1)
-
diamond deposits (5)
-
gems (6)
-
graphite deposits (1)
-
heavy mineral deposits (9)
-
industrial minerals (3)
-
marble deposits (1)
-
metal ores
-
base metals (2)
-
beryllium ores (1)
-
bismuth ores (1)
-
chromite ores (2)
-
copper ores (8)
-
gold ores (29)
-
iron ores (5)
-
lead ores (1)
-
lead-zinc deposits (1)
-
lithium ores (1)
-
manganese ores (1)
-
molybdenum ores (3)
-
niobium ores (4)
-
platinum ores (1)
-
polymetallic ores (1)
-
rare earth deposits (8)
-
silver ores (4)
-
tantalum ores (2)
-
tin ores (4)
-
titanium ores (10)
-
tungsten ores (7)
-
uranium ores (2)
-
vanadium ores (3)
-
zinc ores (2)
-
zirconium ores (1)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (36)
-
mineral exploration (8)
-
mineral resources (3)
-
monazite deposits (1)
-
petroleum (2)
-
phosphate deposits (1)
-
placers (10)
-
refractory materials (2)
-
sand deposits (2)
-
talc deposits (1)
-
zircon deposits (1)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (6)
-
-
chemical ratios (2)
-
halogens
-
bromine (1)
-
chlorine
-
chloride ion (1)
-
-
fluorine
-
fluoride ion (1)
-
-
-
hydrogen
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
isotope ratios (28)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (2)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (2)
-
C-13/C-12 (6)
-
deuterium (1)
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (5)
-
N-15/N-14 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (4)
-
Ne-22/Ne-20 (1)
-
O-18 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (9)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (2)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
Si-29 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
-
Lu/Hf (4)
-
metals
-
actinides
-
thorium (3)
-
uranium
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
cesium (2)
-
lithium (1)
-
potassium (5)
-
sodium (2)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (3)
-
beryllium (2)
-
calcium (3)
-
magnesium (2)
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
-
-
aluminum (7)
-
antimony (2)
-
chromium (13)
-
germanium (1)
-
gold (7)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (5)
-
-
iron
-
ferric iron (5)
-
ferrous iron (2)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (2)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
manganese (4)
-
molybdenum (1)
-
nickel (1)
-
niobium (28)
-
platinum group
-
iridium (1)
-
osmium (1)
-
palladium (1)
-
platinum (1)
-
platinum ores (1)
-
rhodium (1)
-
ruthenium (2)
-
-
rare earths
-
cerium (3)
-
europium (1)
-
lanthanum (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (4)
-
-
scandium (2)
-
yttrium (5)
-
-
tantalum (15)
-
thallium (1)
-
tin (4)
-
titanium (41)
-
tungsten (8)
-
vanadium (14)
-
zinc (1)
-
zirconium (23)
-
-
nitrogen
-
N-15/N-14 (1)
-
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-40 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (2)
-
-
helium
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
-
neon
-
Ne-22/Ne-20 (1)
-
-
-
oxygen
-
O-18 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (9)
-
-
phosphorus (1)
-
silicon
-
Si-29 (1)
-
-
sulfur
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
-
tellurium (3)
-
trace metals (1)
-
-
fossils
-
microfossils (1)
-
palynomorphs (1)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
(U-Th)/He (2)
-
Ar/Ar (9)
-
fission-track dating (4)
-
K/Ar (1)
-
Lu/Hf (4)
-
paleomagnetism (4)
-
Pb/Pb (3)
-
radiation damage (3)
-
Rb/Sr (1)
-
Sm/Nd (8)
-
Th/U (1)
-
thermochronology (4)
-
U/Pb (67)
-
U/Th/Pb (4)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene (2)
-
Pleistocene
-
Bishop Tuff (1)
-
upper Pleistocene (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
upper Miocene (1)
-
-
Pliocene (2)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
lower Eocene (1)
-
Mirador Formation (1)
-
-
Huber Formation (1)
-
Oligocene (3)
-
Paleocene (2)
-
-
-
-
Laurentide ice sheet (1)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (1)
-
Pebble Shale (1)
-
-
Tananao Schist (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous (5)
-
-
Jurassic (7)
-
Triassic
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian (1)
-
-
-
-
Moldanubian (1)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Lamotte Sandstone (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Lower Carboniferous (1)
-
Mississippian (2)
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Lower Pennsylvanian
-
Caseyville Formation (1)
-
Morrowan (1)
-
-
Middle Pennsylvanian
-
Atokan (1)
-
Desmoinesian (1)
-
Spoon Formation (1)
-
-
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Millstone Grit (1)
-
Uralian (1)
-
-
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian (1)
-
Upper Devonian (1)
-
-
lower Paleozoic (1)
-
middle Paleozoic (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Meguma Group (2)
-
Middle Ordovician (2)
-
-
Permian
-
Lower Permian (1)
-
Upper Permian (1)
-
-
Silurian (3)
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Arkansas Novaculite (1)
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (2)
-
Precambrian
-
Animikie Group (1)
-
Archean
-
Mesoarchean (1)
-
Neoarchean (2)
-
Taihua Group (1)
-
-
Central Rand Group (1)
-
Hamersley Group (1)
-
Nipissing Diabase (2)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Athabasca Formation (1)
-
Mesoproterozoic (11)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Ediacaran (1)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Svecofennian (1)
-
Wollaston Group (2)
-
-
Sinian
-
Xiong'er Group (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites
-
sovite (1)
-
-
kimberlite (15)
-
peperite (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (2)
-
diabase (4)
-
diorites
-
diorite porphyry (2)
-
trondhjemite (1)
-
-
gabbros
-
troctolite (1)
-
-
granites
-
adamellite (1)
-
alkali granites (4)
-
aplite (1)
-
A-type granites (4)
-
leucogranite (3)
-
S-type granites (1)
-
-
lamproite (2)
-
lamprophyres
-
spessartite (1)
-
-
pegmatite (30)
-
sovite (1)
-
syenites
-
alkali syenites (1)
-
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (6)
-
peridotites
-
dunite (3)
-
garnet lherzolite (1)
-
garnet peridotite (2)
-
harzburgite (3)
-
lherzolite (2)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
clinopyroxenite (2)
-
websterite (1)
-
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (1)
-
andesites (2)
-
basalts
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (8)
-
ocean-island basalts (1)
-
tholeiitic basalt (1)
-
-
glasses (1)
-
komatiite (3)
-
nephelinite (1)
-
phonolites (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
pumice (1)
-
scoria (1)
-
tuff (2)
-
-
-
-
ophiolite (5)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (9)
-
eclogite (30)
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (2)
-
granite gneiss (1)
-
orthogneiss (4)
-
paragneiss (1)
-
sillimanite gneiss (1)
-
-
granulites (10)
-
impactites
-
impact breccia
-
suevite (1)
-
-
-
marbles (5)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
meta-andesite (1)
-
metabasalt (2)
-
metabasite (1)
-
metagabbro (3)
-
metagranite (1)
-
metaperidotite (1)
-
metarhyolite (1)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (13)
-
paragneiss (1)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
greisen (1)
-
rodingite (2)
-
skarn (1)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (2)
-
migmatites
-
anatexite (1)
-
-
mylonites
-
blastomylonite (1)
-
-
phyllonites (1)
-
quartzites (2)
-
schists
-
greenschist (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (5)
-
turbidite (2)
-
-
meteorites
-
meteorites
-
Northwest Africa Meteorites (1)
-
stony irons
-
mesosiderite
-
Vaca Muerta Meteorite (1)
-
-
-
stony meteorites
-
achondrites
-
lunar meteorites (1)
-
-
chondrites
-
carbonaceous chondrites
-
CV chondrites
-
Allende Meteorite (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
minerals
-
alloys
-
carbides
-
moissanite (2)
-
-
nitrides (1)
-
-
arsenates (1)
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (2)
-
-
borates (1)
-
carbonates
-
bastnaesite (5)
-
calcite (7)
-
dawsonite (1)
-
dolomite (4)
-
magnesite (2)
-
parisite (1)
-
rhodochrosite (2)
-
siderite (1)
-
-
chromates (1)
-
copper minerals (1)
-
halides
-
fluorides
-
bastnaesite (5)
-
clinohumite (1)
-
cryolite (1)
-
fluorite (1)
-
humite (2)
-
norbergite (1)
-
parisite (1)
-
topaz (2)
-
zinnwaldite (1)
-
-
-
hydrates (1)
-
minerals (27)
-
native elements
-
diamond
-
microdiamond (2)
-
-
graphite (10)
-
lonsdaleite (1)
-
-
oxides
-
alexandrite (1)
-
aluminum oxides (2)
-
anatase (31)
-
armalcolite (1)
-
baddeleyite (7)
-
brannerite (1)
-
brookite (10)
-
brucite (2)
-
cassiterite (18)
-
chrome spinel (4)
-
chromite (10)
-
chrysoberyl (3)
-
corundum (11)
-
cuprite (1)
-
diaspore (3)
-
geikielite (4)
-
germanates (1)
-
gibbsite (1)
-
goethite (4)
-
hematite (16)
-
hercynite (3)
-
hydroxides (3)
-
ilmenite (70)
-
iron oxides (10)
-
leucoxene (7)
-
maghemite (1)
-
magnetite (15)
-
niobates
-
aeschynite (4)
-
betafite (1)
-
columbite (23)
-
euxenite (6)
-
fergusonite (3)
-
ixiolite (8)
-
pyrochlore (9)
-
samarskite (1)
-
tapiolite (3)
-
-
periclase (2)
-
perovskite (5)
-
pseudobrookite (5)
-
pyrolusite (1)
-
rutile (373)
-
sapphire (5)
-
spinel (10)
-
spinel group (2)
-
taaffeite (1)
-
tantalates
-
betafite (1)
-
euxenite (6)
-
ixiolite (8)
-
microlite (4)
-
tantalite (7)
-
wodginite (2)
-
-
titanium oxides (25)
-
ulvospinel (1)
-
uraninite (1)
-
wustite (3)
-
zincite (1)
-
zirconolite (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (27)
-
britholite (1)
-
chlorapatite (1)
-
fluorapatite (5)
-
lazulite (1)
-
merrillite (1)
-
monazite (36)
-
rhabdophane (2)
-
variscite (1)
-
xenotime (13)
-
-
platinum minerals (1)
-
selenides (1)
-
silicates
-
aluminosilicates (2)
-
borosilicates (1)
-
chain silicates
-
aenigmatite group
-
sapphirine (3)
-
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
actinolite (1)
-
arfvedsonite (2)
-
cummingtonite (1)
-
hornblende (6)
-
richterite (1)
-
riebeckite (2)
-
tremolite (2)
-
-
orthoamphibole
-
anthophyllite (1)
-
gedrite (1)
-
-
-
astrophyllite (1)
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
aegirine (6)
-
augite (1)
-
diopside (9)
-
jadeite (2)
-
omphacite (6)
-
pigeonite (1)
-
-
orthopyroxene
-
enstatite (5)
-
-
-
wollastonite group
-
wollastonite (1)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
adularia (2)
-
K-feldspar (3)
-
microcline (2)
-
moonstone (1)
-
orthoclase (1)
-
sanidine (2)
-
-
plagioclase
-
albite (8)
-
anorthite (1)
-
-
-
nepheline group
-
kalsilite (1)
-
nepheline (2)
-
-
pseudoleucite (1)
-
scapolite group
-
scapolite (3)
-
-
silica minerals
-
coesite (15)
-
quartz (34)
-
stishovite (8)
-
tridymite (2)
-
-
zeolite group
-
analcime (2)
-
natrolite (1)
-
pollucite (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
andalusite (4)
-
britholite group
-
britholite (1)
-
-
chloritoid (1)
-
clinohumite (1)
-
euclase (1)
-
garnet group
-
almandine (2)
-
andradite (2)
-
grossular (1)
-
majorite (1)
-
pyrope (4)
-
uvarovite (1)
-
-
humite (2)
-
kyanite (15)
-
norbergite (1)
-
olivine group
-
fayalite (2)
-
forsterite (3)
-
olivine (13)
-
ringwoodite (2)
-
wadsleyite (1)
-
-
phenakite group
-
phenakite (1)
-
-
sillimanite (8)
-
staurolite (3)
-
titanite group
-
titanite (43)
-
-
topaz (2)
-
zircon group
-
thorite (5)
-
zircon (88)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
bertrandite (1)
-
chevkinite group
-
chevkinite (2)
-
perrierite (1)
-
-
epidote group
-
allanite (8)
-
clinozoisite (2)
-
epidote (9)
-
-
lawsonite (2)
-
thortveitite group
-
thortveitite (1)
-
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
beryl (6)
-
cordierite (7)
-
milarite group
-
roedderite (1)
-
-
tourmaline group
-
dravite (7)
-
elbaite (1)
-
schorl (2)
-
uvite (1)
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chlorite (11)
-
clinochlore (1)
-
-
clay minerals
-
kaolinite (8)
-
montmorillonite (1)
-
smectite (1)
-
-
cymrite (2)
-
illite (3)
-
margarite (2)
-
mica group
-
annite (1)
-
biotite (16)
-
celadonite (1)
-
fuchsite (1)
-
glauconite (1)
-
lepidolite (1)
-
muscovite (15)
-
phengite (5)
-
phlogopite (8)
-
polylithionite (1)
-
zinnwaldite (1)
-
-
petalite (1)
-
pyrophyllite (1)
-
sericite (1)
-
serpentine group
-
serpentine (3)
-
-
talc (3)
-
-
-
sulfates
-
alunite (1)
-
anhydrite (2)
-
barite (4)
-
gypsum (1)
-
langbeinite (1)
-
-
sulfides
-
arsenopyrite (2)
-
chalcopyrite (2)
-
cooperite (1)
-
galena (1)
-
herzenbergite (1)
-
iron sulfides (1)
-
laurite (2)
-
mawsonite (1)
-
molybdenite (1)
-
nickel sulfides (1)
-
pentlandite (1)
-
pyrite (13)
-
pyrrhotite (1)
-
realgar (2)
-
sphalerite (1)
-
-
sulfosalts
-
sulfantimonites
-
tetrahedrite (1)
-
-
sulfarsenites
-
tennantite (1)
-
-
-
tellurides (1)
-
tungstates
-
ferberite (2)
-
scheelite (2)
-
wolframite (8)
-
-
vanadates (2)
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (73)
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Congo Democratic Republic
-
Kasai (1)
-
-
-
East Africa
-
Kenya (1)
-
-
Madagascar (3)
-
North Africa
-
Morocco (1)
-
Tunisia (1)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Botswana (3)
-
Kaapvaal Craton (3)
-
Lesotho (1)
-
Namibia (1)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (2)
-
Merensky Reef (1)
-
Northern Cape Province South Africa
-
Kimberley South Africa (1)
-
-
North-West Province South Africa (1)
-
Transvaal region (1)
-
Witwatersrand (2)
-
-
-
West Africa
-
Cameroon (2)
-
Ghana (1)
-
Senegal (1)
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Enderby Land (1)
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Norwegian Sea
-
More Basin (1)
-
Voring Basin (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (2)
-
West Greenland (2)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Altai Mountains
-
Mongolian Altai (1)
-
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Arabian Shield (1)
-
Saudi Arabia (2)
-
-
Baikal region (5)
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (3)
-
-
-
Pamirs (2)
-
-
Far East
-
Borneo
-
Kalimantan Indonesia (1)
-
-
Burma (2)
-
China
-
Dabie Mountains (4)
-
Donghai China (2)
-
Gansu China (1)
-
Henan China (2)
-
Hunan China (1)
-
Inner Mongolia China
-
Bayan Obo China (1)
-
-
Jiangsu China (1)
-
Liaoning China
-
Liaodong Peninsula (1)
-
-
Loess Plateau (1)
-
Nanling (1)
-
North China Platform (5)
-
Qaidam Basin (1)
-
Qilian Mountains (1)
-
Shandong China (1)
-
Shanxi China (1)
-
Sichuan Basin (1)
-
Sichuan China
-
Panxi Rift (1)
-
-
South China Block (2)
-
Sulu Terrane (5)
-
Xinjiang China
-
Tarim Basin (1)
-
-
Xizang China
-
Lhasa China (1)
-
-
Yangtze River (2)
-
Yangtze River valley (1)
-
-
Indonesia
-
Kalimantan Indonesia (1)
-
-
Japan
-
Honshu
-
Abukuma Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Luzon Arc (1)
-
Malaysia (1)
-
Mongolia
-
Mongolian Altai (1)
-
-
Philippine Islands
-
Luzon
-
Bataan Philippine Islands (1)
-
-
-
Taiwan (1)
-
Thailand (2)
-
-
Himalayas
-
High Himalayan Crystallines (1)
-
-
Hindu Kush (1)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Madhya Pradesh India
-
Jhabua India (1)
-
-
Orissa India (1)
-
Rajasthan India (1)
-
Tamil Nadu India (1)
-
-
Indian Shield (1)
-
Kohistan (1)
-
Nepal (1)
-
Pakistan (1)
-
-
Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (1)
-
Irkutsk Russian Federation
-
Slyudyanka Russian Federation (6)
-
-
Kamchatka Russian Federation
-
Kamchatka Peninsula
-
Tolbachik (1)
-
-
-
Karakoram (1)
-
Lake Baikal (1)
-
Lena River (1)
-
Middle East
-
Iran
-
Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (1)
-
-
Iraq (2)
-
Syria (1)
-
Turkey
-
Menderes Massif (1)
-
Pontic Mountains (1)
-
Taurus Mountains (1)
-
-
Zagros (2)
-
-
Popigay Structure (1)
-
Russian Pacific region (1)
-
Siberia (1)
-
Siberian fold belt (4)
-
Siberian Platform (2)
-
Sri Lanka (1)
-
Tibetan Plateau (3)
-
Tien Shan (2)
-
West Siberia (1)
-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Udachnaya Pipe (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Faeroe-Shetland Basin (2)
-
Gulf of Maine (2)
-
North Sea
-
Viking Graben (1)
-
-
Northeast Atlantic (1)
-
Rockall Trough (1)
-
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
New South Wales Australia (3)
-
Queensland Australia (1)
-
Victoria Australia
-
Ballarat Australia (1)
-
Ballarat gold field (1)
-
Bendigo Australia (1)
-
Bendigo gold field (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Capricorn Orogen (1)
-
Hamersley Basin (1)
-
Kalgoorlie Australia (1)
-
Murchison Province (1)
-
Yilgarn Craton (2)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Coromandel Peninsula (1)
-
Otago Schist (2)
-
Southland New Zealand
-
Fiordland National Park (1)
-
-
Torlesse Terrane (1)
-
-
Papua New Guinea (1)
-
-
brines (2)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick (2)
-
Nova Scotia
-
Cobequid Highlands (1)
-
Minas Basin (2)
-
-
-
Meguma Terrane (2)
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland (1)
-
-
Ontario
-
Cochrane District Ontario
-
Kidd Creek Mine (1)
-
-
Gowganda Ontario (2)
-
Hemlo Deposit (2)
-
Kenora District Ontario
-
Attawapiskat Ontario (1)
-
-
Sudbury District Ontario (1)
-
Thunder Bay District Ontario
-
Lake Nipigon (1)
-
-
Timiskaming District Ontario
-
Cobalt Ontario (1)
-
-
-
Quebec
-
Abitibi County Quebec
-
Val d'Or Quebec (1)
-
-
Rouville County Quebec
-
Mont-Saint-Hilaire Quebec (1)
-
-
Sigma Mine (1)
-
-
-
Western Canada
-
Athabasca Basin (2)
-
British Columbia
-
Revelstoke British Columbia (1)
-
-
Manitoba (1)
-
Northwest Territories (3)
-
Saskatchewan (2)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (6)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene (2)
-
Pleistocene
-
Bishop Tuff (1)
-
upper Pleistocene (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
upper Miocene (1)
-
-
Pliocene (2)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
lower Eocene (1)
-
Mirador Formation (1)
-
-
Huber Formation (1)
-
Oligocene (3)
-
Paleocene (2)
-
-
-
-
Central America
-
Guatemala (1)
-
-
ceramic materials (1)
-
chemical analysis (2)
-
clay mineralogy (5)
-
crust (23)
-
crystal chemistry (43)
-
crystal growth (24)
-
crystal structure (65)
-
crystallography (1)
-
data processing (3)
-
deformation (9)
-
diagenesis (8)
-
diamond deposits (5)
-
economic geology (9)
-
electron microscopy (1)
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Eastern Alps
-
Austroalpine Zone (1)
-
Koralpe Range (1)
-
-
Swiss Alps (2)
-
Western Alps (2)
-
-
Central Europe
-
Austria
-
Koralpe Range (1)
-
-
Czech Republic
-
Moravia (1)
-
-
Germany
-
Bavaria Germany
-
Hagendorf (1)
-
Ries Crater (1)
-
-
Eifel (2)
-
Saxonian Massif (1)
-
-
Slovakia (3)
-
Switzerland
-
Swiss Alps (2)
-
Valais Switzerland
-
Binnental (2)
-
-
-
-
Karelia Russian Federation (1)
-
Lapland
-
Lapland Finland (2)
-
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Kola Peninsula (2)
-
-
Pyrenees (2)
-
Rhenish Schiefergebirge
-
Eifel (2)
-
-
Southern Europe
-
Greece
-
Greek Macedonia
-
Vourinos (1)
-
-
Greek Thrace
-
Rhodope Greece (2)
-
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Central Iberian Zone (1)
-
Iberian Massif (1)
-
Portugal (2)
-
Spain
-
Basque Provinces Spain (1)
-
Cantabrian Basin (1)
-
Castilla y Leon Spain
-
Salamanca Spain (1)
-
-
Galicia Spain
-
Ordenes Complex (1)
-
-
-
-
Italy
-
Campania Italy
-
Monte Somma (1)
-
Vesuvius (1)
-
-
Ivrea-Verbano Zone (1)
-
Sardinia Italy (1)
-
Valle d'Aosta Italy (1)
-
-
Macedonia
-
Greek Macedonia
-
Vourinos (1)
-
-
-
Moesian Platform (1)
-
Rhodope Mountains (3)
-
-
Thrace
-
Greek Thrace
-
Rhodope Greece (2)
-
-
-
Tornquist-Teisseyre Zone (1)
-
Variscides (2)
-
Western Europe
-
Belgium (1)
-
France
-
Ariege France (1)
-
Brittany (1)
-
Central Massif
-
Montagne Noire (1)
-
-
Corsica (1)
-
Haute-Vienne France (1)
-
Limousin (1)
-
-
Scandinavia
-
Finland
-
Lapland Finland (2)
-
-
Norway
-
Southern Norway (1)
-
Troms Norway (1)
-
-
Sweden (1)
-
Western Gneiss region (3)
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Yorkshire England (1)
-
-
Scotland (2)
-
-
-
-
-
extraterrestrial geology (1)
-
faults (15)
-
folds (4)
-
foliation (1)
-
gems (6)
-
geochemistry (34)
-
geochronology (12)
-
geophysical methods (3)
-
geophysics (1)
-
glacial geology (1)
-
graphite deposits (1)
-
heavy mineral deposits (9)
-
hydrogen
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites
-
sovite (1)
-
-
kimberlite (15)
-
peperite (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (2)
-
diabase (4)
-
diorites
-
diorite porphyry (2)
-
trondhjemite (1)
-
-
gabbros
-
troctolite (1)
-
-
granites
-
adamellite (1)
-
alkali granites (4)
-
aplite (1)
-
A-type granites (4)
-
leucogranite (3)
-
S-type granites (1)
-
-
lamproite (2)
-
lamprophyres
-
spessartite (1)
-
-
pegmatite (30)
-
sovite (1)
-
syenites
-
alkali syenites (1)
-
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (6)
-
peridotites
-
dunite (3)
-
garnet lherzolite (1)
-
garnet peridotite (2)
-
harzburgite (3)
-
lherzolite (2)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
clinopyroxenite (2)
-
websterite (1)
-
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (1)
-
andesites (2)
-
basalts
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (8)
-
ocean-island basalts (1)
-
tholeiitic basalt (1)
-
-
glasses (1)
-
komatiite (3)
-
nephelinite (1)
-
phonolites (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
pumice (1)
-
scoria (1)
-
tuff (2)
-
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (11)
-
-
Indian Ocean
-
Atlantis II fracture zone (1)
-
Bengal Fan (1)
-
-
Indian Ocean Islands
-
Madagascar (3)
-
-
industrial minerals (3)
-
intrusions (38)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (2)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (2)
-
C-13/C-12 (6)
-
deuterium (1)
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (5)
-
N-15/N-14 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (4)
-
Ne-22/Ne-20 (1)
-
O-18 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (9)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (2)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
Si-29 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
-
lava (4)
-
lineation (1)
-
magmas (22)
-
Malay Archipelago
-
Borneo
-
Kalimantan Indonesia (1)
-
-
-
mantle (23)
-
marble deposits (1)
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
East Mediterranean
-
Black Sea (1)
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (1)
-
Pebble Shale (1)
-
-
Tananao Schist (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous (5)
-
-
Jurassic (7)
-
Triassic
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian (1)
-
-
-
-
metal ores
-
base metals (2)
-
beryllium ores (1)
-
bismuth ores (1)
-
chromite ores (2)
-
copper ores (8)
-
gold ores (29)
-
iron ores (5)
-
lead ores (1)
-
lead-zinc deposits (1)
-
lithium ores (1)
-
manganese ores (1)
-
molybdenum ores (3)
-
niobium ores (4)
-
platinum ores (1)
-
polymetallic ores (1)
-
rare earth deposits (8)
-
silver ores (4)
-
tantalum ores (2)
-
tin ores (4)
-
titanium ores (10)
-
tungsten ores (7)
-
uranium ores (2)
-
vanadium ores (3)
-
zinc ores (2)
-
zirconium ores (1)
-
-
metals
-
actinides
-
thorium (3)
-
uranium
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
cesium (2)
-
lithium (1)
-
potassium (5)
-
sodium (2)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (3)
-
beryllium (2)
-
calcium (3)
-
magnesium (2)
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
-
-
aluminum (7)
-
antimony (2)
-
chromium (13)
-
germanium (1)
-
gold (7)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (5)
-
-
iron
-
ferric iron (5)
-
ferrous iron (2)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (2)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
manganese (4)
-
molybdenum (1)
-
nickel (1)
-
niobium (28)
-
platinum group
-
iridium (1)
-
osmium (1)
-
palladium (1)
-
platinum (1)
-
platinum ores (1)
-
rhodium (1)
-
ruthenium (2)
-
-
rare earths
-
cerium (3)
-
europium (1)
-
lanthanum (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (4)
-
-
scandium (2)
-
yttrium (5)
-
-
tantalum (15)
-
thallium (1)
-
tin (4)
-
titanium (41)
-
tungsten (8)
-
vanadium (14)
-
zinc (1)
-
zirconium (23)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (9)
-
eclogite (30)
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (2)
-
granite gneiss (1)
-
orthogneiss (4)
-
paragneiss (1)
-
sillimanite gneiss (1)
-
-
granulites (10)
-
impactites
-
impact breccia
-
suevite (1)
-
-
-
marbles (5)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
meta-andesite (1)
-
metabasalt (2)
-
metabasite (1)
-
metagabbro (3)
-
metagranite (1)
-
metaperidotite (1)
-
metarhyolite (1)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
-