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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
East Africa
-
Ethiopia
-
Wallo Ethiopia (1)
-
-
Kenya
-
Kenya Rift valley (1)
-
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-
-
Altiplano (1)
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Antarctica
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Antarctic Peninsula
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Graham Land (1)
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Queen Maud Land (1)
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Transantarctic Mountains (1)
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Asia
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Altai Russian Federation (1)
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Buryat Russian Federation (1)
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Far East
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Indochina (1)
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Indonesia (1)
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Philippine Islands
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Luzon
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Mount Pinatubo (3)
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Thailand (1)
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Kamchatka Russian Federation (1)
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Khabarovsk Russian Federation (1)
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Middle East
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Cyprus
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Troodos Massif (1)
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Turkey
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Anatolia (1)
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Okhotsk-Chukchi volcanic belt (1)
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Rudny Altai (1)
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Sayan
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Eastern Sayan (1)
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Sikhote-Alin Range (1)
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Transbaikalia (2)
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Augustine (2)
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Australasia
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Australia
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Queensland Australia (1)
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Surat Basin (1)
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New Zealand
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Okataina volcanic centre (1)
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Rotorua New Zealand (2)
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Taranaki New Zealand (1)
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Taupo (1)
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Taupo volcanic zone (6)
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Bowen Basin (1)
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Canada
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Arctic Archipelago (1)
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Eastern Canada
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Newfoundland (2)
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Ontario (1)
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Quebec
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Noranda Quebec (1)
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Nunavut
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Ellesmere Island
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Fosheim Peninsula (1)
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Sverdrup Basin (1)
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Queen Elizabeth Islands
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Sverdrup Basin (1)
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Western Canada
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Canadian Cordillera (1)
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Manitoba
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Yukon Territory
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Klondike (2)
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Caribbean region
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West Indies
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Antilles
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Lesser Antilles
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Montserrat Island
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Soufriere Hills (1)
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Soufriere (1)
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Cascade Range (1)
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Central America
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Caucasus
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Northern Caucasus (1)
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Ossetia
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Rudny Altai (1)
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Russian Federation
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Kabardin-Balkar Russian Federation (1)
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Khabarovsk Russian Federation (1)
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North Ossetia Russian Federation (1)
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Northern Caucasus (1)
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Okhotsk-Chukchi volcanic belt (1)
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Sikhote-Alin Range (1)
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Transbaikalia (2)
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Tuva Russian Federation (1)
-
-
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East Pacific Ocean Islands
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Hawaii
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Hawaii County Hawaii
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Hawaii Island
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Kilauea (2)
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Europe
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Caucasus
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Northern Caucasus (1)
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Central Europe
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Slovakia (1)
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Kabardin-Balkar Russian Federation (1)
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Ossetia
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Pyrenees
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Southern Europe
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Italy
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Sicily Italy
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Thrace
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Western Europe
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France
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Iceland
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Scandinavia
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Sweden
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United Kingdom
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Long Valley (1)
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Mediterranean region
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Mediterranean Sea
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West Mediterranean
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Mexico
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Sierra Madre Occidental (2)
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Trans-Mexican volcanic belt (1)
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Mohawk Valley (1)
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Mount Baker (1)
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North America
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Basin and Range Province
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Great Basin (3)
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Canadian Shield
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Yukon-Tanana Terrane (1)
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North Island (8)
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Oceania
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Polynesia
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Hawaii
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Hawaii County Hawaii
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Kilauea (2)
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Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific (1)
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Equatorial Pacific (1)
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South Pacific (1)
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West Pacific
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Pacific region
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Circum-Pacific region (1)
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Puna (1)
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Sawtooth Range (1)
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Sierra Nevada (2)
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South America
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Andes
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Argentina (3)
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Bolivia
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Brazil
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Chile
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Colombia (1)
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Sydney Basin (1)
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United States
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Alaska
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Katmai (1)
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Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes (1)
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Arizona
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California
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Inyo County California (1)
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Mono County California
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Inyo Domes (1)
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Long Valley Caldera (6)
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Mono Craters (1)
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Obsidian Dome (1)
-
-
Nevada County California (1)
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Northern California (2)
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Sierra County California (1)
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Sierra Nevada Batholith (1)
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Siskiyou County California
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-
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Tuolumne County California (1)
-
-
Colorado
-
Custer County Colorado (1)
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Mineral County Colorado
-
Creede Caldera (1)
-
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San Juan volcanic field (1)
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Columbia Plateau (1)
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Great Basin (3)
-
Hawaii
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Hawaii Island
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Kilauea (2)
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Idaho
-
Snake River plain (5)
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Idaho Batholith (1)
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Iowa (1)
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Klamath Mountains (1)
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Nevada
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Nye County Nevada
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Pershing County Nevada
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New Jersey
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New York (1)
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Texas
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Washington
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Skamania County Washington
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Western U.S. (5)
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commodities
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brines (4)
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energy sources (1)
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gems (2)
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industrial minerals (1)
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metal ores
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elements, isotopes
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hydrogen
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D/H (4)
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isotope ratios (20)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
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-
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stable isotopes
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Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
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D/H (4)
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deuterium (1)
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He-4/He-3 (1)
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Li-7/Li-6 (1)
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (4)
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O-18/O-16 (10)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (9)
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Lu/Hf (1)
-
metals
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actinides
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thorium (2)
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uranium (1)
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alkali metals
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lithium
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Li-7/Li-6 (1)
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potassium (3)
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rubidium (1)
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sodium (1)
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alkaline earth metals
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barium (1)
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calcium (2)
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magnesium (1)
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strontium
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (9)
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aluminum (1)
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arsenic (1)
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copper (3)
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iron
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ferric iron (6)
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lead
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
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niobium (1)
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rare earths
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europium (1)
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neodymium
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yttrium (3)
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tantalum (1)
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nitrogen (1)
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noble gases
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argon
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helium
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krypton (1)
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radon (1)
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oxygen
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phosphorus (1)
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fossils
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Invertebrata
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Insecta
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microfossils (1)
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Plantae (2)
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geochronology methods
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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lower Pleistocene (1)
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middle Pleistocene (2)
-
upper Pleistocene
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upper Wisconsinan (1)
-
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-
-
upper Quaternary
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Brunhes Chron (1)
-
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene
-
Columbia River Basalt Group (2)
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middle Miocene (2)
-
upper Miocene
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Messinian (1)
-
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Pliocene
-
lower Pliocene (1)
-
-
-
Paleogene
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Eocene
-
upper Eocene (1)
-
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Oligocene
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Fish Canyon Tuff (1)
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upper Cenozoic (1)
-
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
-
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-
Upper Cretaceous
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Kanguk Formation (1)
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Tuolumne Intrusive Suite (1)
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Jurassic
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-
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Paleozoic
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Carboniferous
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Upper Pennsylvanian
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Virgilian (1)
-
-
-
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Devonian
-
Upper Devonian
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Frasnian (1)
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Laborcita Formation (1)
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Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician
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-
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Upper Ordovician (1)
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Utica Shale (1)
-
-
Permian
-
Lower Permian
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Abo Formation (1)
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Wolfcampian (1)
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Upper Permian (1)
-
-
-
Precambrian
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Archean
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Paleoarchean (1)
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Harbour Main Group (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
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Huronian (1)
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Paleoproterozoic (2)
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-
-
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-
igneous rocks
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extrusive rocks (1)
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igneous rocks
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granophyre (1)
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peperite (1)
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plutonic rocks
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gabbros
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granites
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alkali granites (1)
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porphyry
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vitrophyre (2)
-
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volcanic rocks
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andesites (6)
-
basalts
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alkali basalts
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trachybasalts (1)
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flood basalts (3)
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mid-ocean ridge basalts (2)
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ocean-island basalts (1)
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shoshonite (2)
-
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dacites (2)
-
glasses
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obsidian (17)
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volcanic glass (21)
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latite (2)
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nephelinite (1)
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phonolites (2)
-
pyroclastics
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ash-flow tuff (7)
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hyaloclastite (2)
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ignimbrite (23)
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pumice (11)
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scoria (1)
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tuff (21)
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welded tuff (1)
-
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rhyodacites (2)
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rhyolites
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pantellerite (1)
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trachyandesites (1)
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trachytes (2)
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vitrophyre (2)
-
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ophiolite (1)
-
volcanic ash (8)
-
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metamorphic rocks
-
K-bentonite (2)
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metamorphic rocks
-
gneisses
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granulites (1)
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metaigneous rocks
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metagabbro (1)
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metaperidotite (1)
-
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metasedimentary rocks
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-
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metasomatic rocks
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skarn (1)
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metavolcanic rocks (4)
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migmatites (1)
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mylonites (1)
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quartzites (1)
-
schists
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greenschist (1)
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-
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ophiolite (1)
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turbidite (1)
-
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minerals
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carbonates
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calcite (2)
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rhodochrosite (1)
-
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halides
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fluorides
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fluorite (1)
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prosopite (1)
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topaz (1)
-
-
-
K-bentonite (2)
-
minerals (7)
-
oxides
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ilmenite (3)
-
iron oxides (2)
-
magnetite (5)
-
niobates
-
columbite (1)
-
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pseudobrookite (1)
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rutile (1)
-
tantalates
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microlite (1)
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tantalite (1)
-
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titanium oxides (1)
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titanomagnetite (1)
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phosphates
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apatite (7)
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monazite (1)
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xenotime (2)
-
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silicates
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aluminosilicates (4)
-
chain silicates
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amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
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hastingsite (1)
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hornblende (5)
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pargasite (1)
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tschermakite (1)
-
-
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene (5)
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orthopyroxene (6)
-
-
-
framework silicates
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feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
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adularia (1)
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K-feldspar (2)
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sanidine (5)
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plagioclase
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albite (1)
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oligoclase (1)
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nepheline group
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silica minerals
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cristobalite (1)
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opal
-
opal-A (1)
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quartz (13)
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zeolite group
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analcime (3)
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clinoptilolite (3)
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heulandite (2)
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mordenite (4)
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magnesian silicates (1)
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orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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olivine group
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olivine (2)
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topaz (1)
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zircon group
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zircon (13)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
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epidote group
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zoisite (1)
-
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-
sheet silicates
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chlorite group
-
chlorite (1)
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clay minerals
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imogolite (1)
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kaolinite (2)
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montmorillonite (2)
-
saponite (1)
-
smectite (6)
-
-
illite (1)
-
mica group
-
biotite (4)
-
lepidolite (1)
-
phlogopite (1)
-
-
tosudite (1)
-
-
-
sulfates (1)
-
sulfides
-
chalcocite (1)
-
galena (1)
-
pyrite (1)
-
pyrrhotite (1)
-
sphalerite (1)
-
-
vanadates (1)
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (18)
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Africa
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East Africa
-
Ethiopia
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Wallo Ethiopia (1)
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-
Kenya
-
Kenya Rift valley (1)
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-
-
-
Antarctica
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Graham Land (1)
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Queen Maud Land (1)
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Transantarctic Mountains (1)
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Asia
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Altai Russian Federation (1)
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Buryat Russian Federation (1)
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Far East
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Indochina (1)
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Philippine Islands
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Luzon
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Mount Pinatubo (3)
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Thailand (1)
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Kamchatka Russian Federation (1)
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Khabarovsk Russian Federation (1)
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Middle East
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Cyprus
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Troodos Massif (1)
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Turkey
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Anatolia (1)
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-
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Okhotsk-Chukchi volcanic belt (1)
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Rudny Altai (1)
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Sayan
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Eastern Sayan (1)
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Sikhote-Alin Range (1)
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Transbaikalia (2)
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Tuva Russian Federation (1)
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Australasia
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Australia
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Queensland Australia (1)
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Surat Basin (1)
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New Zealand
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Okataina volcanic centre (1)
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Rotorua New Zealand (2)
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Taranaki New Zealand (1)
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Taupo (1)
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Taupo volcanic zone (6)
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-
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boron (1)
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brines (4)
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Canada
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Arctic Archipelago (1)
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Eastern Canada
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Newfoundland (2)
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Ontario (1)
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Quebec
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Noranda Quebec (1)
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-
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Nunavut
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Ellesmere Island
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Fosheim Peninsula (1)
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Sverdrup Basin (1)
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Queen Elizabeth Islands
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Ellesmere Island
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Fosheim Peninsula (1)
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Sverdrup Basin (1)
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Western Canada
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Canadian Cordillera (1)
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Manitoba
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Snow Lake Manitoba (1)
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Yukon Territory
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Klondike (2)
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-
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carbon (1)
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Caribbean region
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West Indies
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Antilles
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Lesser Antilles
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Montserrat Island
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Soufriere Hills (1)
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Soufriere (1)
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-
-
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
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Holocene
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upper Holocene (1)
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Pleistocene
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Bandelier Tuff (1)
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Bishop Tuff (13)
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Irvingtonian (1)
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lower Pleistocene (1)
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middle Pleistocene (2)
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upper Pleistocene
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Wisconsinan
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upper Wisconsinan (1)
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-
-
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upper Quaternary
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Brunhes Chron (1)
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-
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Tertiary
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Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Columbia River Basalt Group (2)
-
Ellensburg Formation (1)
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middle Miocene (2)
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upper Miocene
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Messinian (1)
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-
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Pliocene
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lower Pliocene (1)
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-
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Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
upper Eocene (1)
-
-
Oligocene
-
Fish Canyon Tuff (1)
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-
-
-
upper Cenozoic (1)
-
-
Central America
-
Guatemala (1)
-
Honduras (1)
-
-
chemical analysis (2)
-
Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Tetrapoda
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Mammalia (1)
-
-
-
-
clay mineralogy (8)
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coal deposits (1)
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crust (11)
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crystal chemistry (1)
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crystal growth (4)
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crystal structure (2)
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data processing (3)
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deformation (4)
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diagenesis (4)
-
East Pacific Ocean Islands
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Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
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Hawaii Island
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Kilauea (2)
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-
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-
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economic geology (1)
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energy sources (1)
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Europe
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Central Europe
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Kabardin-Balkar Russian Federation (1)
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Ossetia
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North Ossetia Russian Federation (1)
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Pyrenees
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Spanish Pyrenees (1)
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Southern Europe
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Iberian Peninsula
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Italy
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Phlegraean Fields (1)
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Sicily Italy
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Umbria Italy (1)
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Thrace
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Western Europe
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France
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Iceland
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Krafla (2)
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Scandinavia
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United Kingdom
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faults (4)
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geochemistry (43)
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geophysical methods (2)
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ground water (1)
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hydrogen
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D/H (4)
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deuterium (1)
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igneous rocks
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granophyre (1)
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hypabyssal rocks (1)
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peperite (1)
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plutonic rocks
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diorites
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tonalite (2)
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trondhjemite (1)
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gabbros
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norite (1)
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granites
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alkali granites (1)
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A-type granites (1)
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leucogranite (1)
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granodiorites (1)
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pegmatite (2)
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ultramafics (1)
-
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porphyry
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vitrophyre (2)
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volcanic rocks
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andesites (6)
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basalts
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alkali basalts
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trachybasalts (1)
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-
flood basalts (3)
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mid-ocean ridge basalts (2)
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ocean-island basalts (1)
-
shoshonite (2)
-
-
dacites (2)
-
glasses
-
obsidian (17)
-
volcanic glass (21)
-
-
latite (2)
-
nephelinite (1)
-
phonolites (2)
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (7)
-
hyaloclastite (2)
-
ignimbrite (23)
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pumice (11)
-
scoria (1)
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tuff (21)
-
welded tuff (1)
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-
rhyodacites (2)
-
rhyolites
-
pantellerite (1)
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-
trachyandesites (1)
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trachytes (2)
-
vitrophyre (2)
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (12)
-
-
industrial minerals (1)
-
intrusions (9)
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Mandibulata
-
Insecta
-
Pterygota
-
Neoptera
-
Endopterygota
-
Coleoptera (1)
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-
-
-
-
-
-
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
D/H (4)
-
deuterium (1)
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (4)
-
O-18/O-16 (10)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (9)
-
-
-
lava (14)
-
magmas (65)
-
mantle (7)
-
Mediterranean region
-
Aegean Islands
-
Greek Aegean Islands
-
Samos (1)
-
-
-
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
West Mediterranean
-
Tyrrhenian Sea (1)
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-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Kanguk Formation (1)
-
Tuolumne Intrusive Suite (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Ferrar Group (1)
-
Lower Jurassic (2)
-
Upper Jurassic (2)
-
-
-
metal ores
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base metals (1)
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bismuth ores (1)
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copper ores (3)
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gold ores (2)
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iron ores (1)
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lead ores (2)
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lead-zinc deposits (2)
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lithium ores (1)
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molybdenum ores (1)
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polymetallic ores (3)
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silver ores (2)
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tungsten ores (1)
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zinc ores (1)
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-
metals
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actinides
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thorium (2)
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uranium (1)
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alkali metals
-
lithium
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Li-7/Li-6 (1)
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potassium (3)
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rubidium (1)
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sodium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
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barium (1)
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calcium (2)
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magnesium (1)
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strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (9)
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-
-
aluminum (1)
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arsenic (1)
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copper (3)
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iron
-
ferric iron (6)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
niobium (1)
-
rare earths
-
europium (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (4)
-
-
yttrium (3)
-
-
tantalum (1)
-
zirconium (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
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gneisses
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paragneiss (1)
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granulites (1)
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metaigneous rocks
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metagabbro (1)
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metaperidotite (1)
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-
metasedimentary rocks
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paragneiss (1)
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-
metasomatic rocks
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skarn (1)
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metavolcanic rocks (4)
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migmatites (1)
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mylonites (1)
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quartzites (1)
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schists
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greenschist (1)
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-
-
metamorphism (3)
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metasomatism (12)
-
Mexico
-
Guanajuato Mexico (1)
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Popocatepetl (1)
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Sierra Madre Occidental (2)
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Trans-Mexican volcanic belt (1)
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-
mineral deposits, genesis (7)
-
mineral exploration (3)
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minerals (7)
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Moon (2)
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nitrogen (1)
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noble gases
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argon
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Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
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-
helium
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He-4/He-3 (1)
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krypton (1)
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neon (1)
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radon (1)
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xenon (1)
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nonmetal deposits (1)
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North America
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Basin and Range Province
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Great Basin (3)
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Canadian Shield
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Flin Flon Belt (1)
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Grenville Province (1)
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Superior Province (2)
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Great Lakes region (1)
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North American Cordillera
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Canadian Cordillera (1)
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Rocky Mountains
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U. S. Rocky Mountains
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San Juan Mountains
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Creede Caldera (1)
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Yukon-Tanana Terrane (1)
-
-
Oceania
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Polynesia
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Hawaii
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Hawaii County Hawaii
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Hawaii Island
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Kilauea (2)
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-
-
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-
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oceanography (1)
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orogeny (2)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (10)
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Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific (1)
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Equatorial Pacific (1)
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North Pacific
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Northwest Pacific
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Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
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South Pacific (1)
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Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
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Pacific region
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Circum-Pacific region (1)
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paleogeography (4)
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paleomagnetism (3)
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Paleozoic
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Carboniferous
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Upper Pennsylvanian
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Virgilian (1)
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-
-
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Devonian
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Upper Devonian
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Frasnian (1)
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-
-
Laborcita Formation (1)
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Ordovician
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Tremadocian (1)
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-
Upper Ordovician (1)
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Utica Shale (1)
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Permian
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Lower Permian
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Abo Formation (1)
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Wolfcampian (1)
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paragenesis (1)
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petrology (8)
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Plantae (2)
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Precambrian
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Harbour Main Group (1)
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Paleoproterozoic (2)
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sea water (1)
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sea-floor spreading (2)
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sedimentary petrology (4)
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sedimentary rocks
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clastic rocks
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conglomerate (4)
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coal (1)
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sedimentary structures
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planar bedding structures
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sedimentation (3)
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sediments
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marine sediments (2)
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silicon (1)
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soils (1)
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South America
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Argentina (3)
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Bolivia
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Brazil
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spectroscopy (6)
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United States
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Tuolumne County California (1)
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Colorado
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San Juan volcanic field (1)
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Great Basin (3)
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Idaho
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Washington
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Western U.S. (5)
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rock formations
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sedimentary rocks
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chemically precipitated rocks
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conglomerate (4)
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sedimentary structures
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sedimentary structures
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planar bedding structures
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cross-bedding (1)
-
-
-
-
sediments
-
sediments
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clastic sediments
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marine sediments (2)
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turbidite (1)
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volcaniclastics (9)
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soils
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soils (1)
-
rhyolitic composition
Making sense of brittle deformation in rhyolitic lavas: Insights from Obsidian Dome, California, USA
Organic Matter and Molecular-Weight Distribution of Hydrocarbons in the Annenskoe Thermal Waters (Far East, Russia)
Mid-loaf crisis: Internal breadcrust surfaces in rhyolitic pyroclasts reveal dehydration quenching
Models for Viscosity of Geological Melts
Magnetite as a provenance and exploration tool for metamorphosed base-metal sulfide deposits in the Stollberg ore field, Bergslagen, Sweden
Biotite as a recorder of an exsolved Li-rich volatile phase in upper-crustal silicic magma reservoirs
Magmatic evolution and architecture of an arc-related, rhyolitic caldera complex: The late Pleistocene to Holocene Cerro Blanco volcanic complex, southern Puna, Argentina
Evaluating the Potential of Rhyolitic Glass as a Lithium Source for Brine Deposits
Late Permian ultrapotassic rhyolites in SE Thailand: evidence for a Palaeotethyan continental rift basin
A model for the kinetics of high-temperature reactions between polydisperse volcanic ash and SO 2 gas
Distinguishing volcanic from impact glasses—The case of the Cali glass (Colombia)
Nonlinear effects of hydration on high-pressure sound velocities of rhyolitic glasses
Chapter 2.2b Palmer Land and Graham Land volcanic groups (Antarctic Peninsula): petrology
Abstract Large-volume rhyolitic volcanism along the proto-Pacific margin of Gondwana consists of three major episodes of magmatism or ‘flare-ups’. The initial episode (V1) overlaps with the Karoo–Ferrar large igneous provinces at c. 183 Ma. A second (V2) episode was erupted in the interval 171–167 Ma, and a third episode (V3) was emplaced in the interval 157–153 Ma. The magmatic events of the V1 and V2 episodes of the Antarctic Peninsula are reviewed here describing major and trace elements, and isotopic (Sr, Nd, O) data from rhyolitic volcanic rocks and more minor basaltic magmatism. An isotopically uniform intermediate magma developed as a result of anatexis of hydrous mafic lower crust, which can be linked to earlier, arc-related underplating. The subsequent lower-crust partial melts mixed with fractionated mafic underplate, followed by mid-crust storage and homogenization. Early Jurassic (V1) volcanic rocks of the southern Antarctic Peninsula are derived from the isotopically uniform magma, but they have mixed with melts of upper-crustal paragneiss in high-level magma chambers. The V2 rhyolites from the northern Antarctic Peninsula are the result of assimilation and fractional crystallization of the isotopically uniform magma. This process took place in upper-crust magma reservoirs involving crustal assimilants with an isotopic composition akin to that of the magma. A continental margin-arc setting was critical in allowing the development of an hydrous, fusible lower crust. Lower-crustal anatexis was in response to mafic underplating associated with the mantle plume thought to be responsible for the contemporaneous Karoo magmatic province and rifting associated with the initial break-up of Gondwana.