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NARROW
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Journal
Publisher
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GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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Cape Verde Islands (1)
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Central Africa
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Angola
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Cabinda Angola (1)
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Congo (1)
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Gabon (1)
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East Africa
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Zambia (1)
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North Africa
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Algeria (1)
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Atlas Mountains
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Moroccan Atlas Mountains
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Anti-Atlas (1)
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Egypt (1)
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Ghadames Basin (1)
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Libya
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Murzuk Basin (1)
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Morocco
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Moroccan Atlas Mountains
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Anti-Atlas (1)
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Tafilalt (1)
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Tunisia
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El Kef Tunisia (1)
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Sahara (1)
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Southern Africa
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Karoo Basin (1)
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Namibia (2)
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South Africa
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Cape Province region (1)
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West Africa
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Cameroon (1)
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American River (1)
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Antarctica
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Antarctic Peninsula (3)
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Arctic Ocean
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Arctic region
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Asia
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Kazakhstan
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Far East
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Malaysia
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Atlantic Ocean Islands
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Australasia
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Australia
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New Zealand
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Ontario
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Russian Federation
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Ukraine
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Urals (2)
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Europe
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Baltic region
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Caucasus
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Central Europe
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Germany (4)
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Pyrenees
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Southern Europe
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Italy
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Western Europe
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Belgium
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Norway
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Sweden
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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England
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Gloucestershire England (1)
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Scotland
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Hebrides
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Highland region Scotland
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Caithness Scotland (2)
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Moray Firth (1)
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Wales
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Arenig (1)
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Merionethshire Wales
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Welsh Basin (2)
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Grand Canyon (1)
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Indian Ocean
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Exmouth Plateau (1)
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Malay Archipelago
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Timor (1)
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Mexico
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ODP Site 642 (1)
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USSR (2)
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Western Hemisphere (1)
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commodities
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barite deposits (1)
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elements, isotopes
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (8)
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hydrogen (1)
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isotope ratios (10)
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (8)
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O-18/O-16 (7)
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Re-187/Os-188 (1)
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S-34/S-32 (1)
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metals
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iron (1)
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platinum group
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iridium (1)
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osmium
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Re-187/Os-188 (1)
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-
-
rhenium
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
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-
-
oxygen
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O-18 (1)
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O-18/O-16 (7)
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sulfur
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S-34/S-32 (1)
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-
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fossils
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bacteria (1)
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borings (1)
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burrows (1)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Pisces
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Osteichthyes
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Actinopterygii
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Teleostei (1)
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Sarcopterygii (1)
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Placodermi
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-
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Tetrapoda
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Amphibia
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Labyrinthodontia
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Anthracosauria (1)
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Temnospondyli (2)
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Lepospondyli (1)
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Lissamphibia
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Caudata
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Mammalia
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Multituberculata (2)
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Theria
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Eutheria
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Artiodactyla
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Ruminantia (2)
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Carnivora
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Fissipeda
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Mustelidae (1)
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Lagomorpha
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Leporidae (1)
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Perissodactyla
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Ceratomorpha
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Hippomorpha
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Equidae (1)
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-
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Proboscidea
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Elephantoidea
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Elephantidae
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Elephas (1)
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Stegodon (1)
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Rodentia (2)
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Reptilia
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Anapsida
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Cotylosauria (1)
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Diapsida
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Archosauria
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dinosaurs (3)
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Ichthyosauria
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Ichthyosaurus (1)
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Lepidosauria
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Squamata
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Lacertilia
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Mosasauridae (1)
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-
-
-
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Synapsida
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Therapsida
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Dicynodontia
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Lystrosaurus (1)
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-
-
-
-
-
-
-
eukaryotes (1)
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fungi (1)
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Graptolithina
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Dendroidea (1)
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Graptoloidea
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Didymograptina (1)
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Monograptina
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Monograptus
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Monograptus uniformis (1)
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-
-
-
-
Hemichordata (4)
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ichnofossils
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Cruziana (1)
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Planolites (1)
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Rusophycus (2)
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Invertebrata
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Archaeocyatha (2)
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Arthropoda
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Chelicerata
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Merostomata
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Xiphosura (1)
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-
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Mandibulata
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Crustacea
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Branchiopoda (1)
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Cirripedia (1)
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Malacostraca
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Brachyura (1)
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Ostracoda
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Paleocopida (1)
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Podocopida
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Bairdiomorpha
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Bairdiacea
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Bairdiidae
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Bairdia (1)
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-
-
-
-
-
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Insecta (1)
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Myriapoda (1)
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Trilobitomorpha
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Trilobita
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Agnostida (2)
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Odontopleurida (1)
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Phacopida (1)
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Ptychopariida
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Cryptolithus (1)
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Proetidae (1)
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Scutelluidae (1)
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-
-
-
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Brachiopoda
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Articulata
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Orthida (1)
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Pentamerida (1)
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Productida (1)
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Spiriferida
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Atrypidae (4)
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Spiriferidina
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Spiriferina (1)
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-
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Strophomenida
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Sowerbyella (1)
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-
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Inarticulata (1)
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Bryozoa
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Cryptostomata (1)
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Cnidaria
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Anthozoa
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Octocorallia (1)
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Zoantharia
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Rugosa (6)
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Tabulata (1)
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Echinodermata
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Crinozoa
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Crinoidea (6)
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Eocrinoidea (1)
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Echinozoa
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Echinoidea (2)
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Edrioasteroidea (1)
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Homalozoa
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Stylophora (1)
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-
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Mollusca
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Bivalvia
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Heterodonta
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Rudistae (2)
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Veneroida (1)
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Ostreoidea
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Gryphaea (1)
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Pterioida
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Pteriina
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Inocerami
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Inoceramidae
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Inoceramus (2)
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-
-
-
-
-
Cephalopoda
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Ammonoidea
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Ammonites (4)
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Scaphites (2)
-
-
Coleoidea
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Belemnoidea
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Belemnitidae (1)
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-
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Nautiloidea
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Nautilus (1)
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-
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Gastropoda
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Archaeogastropoda (2)
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Neogastropoda
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Muricidae (1)
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-
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Hyolithes (2)
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Polyplacophora (1)
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Porifera
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Hexactinellida (1)
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Stromatoporoidea (3)
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Protista
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Foraminifera
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Fusulinina
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Fusulinidae (1)
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Miliolina
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Miliolacea
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Alveolinellidae (2)
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Miliolidae (1)
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-
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Rotaliina
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Buliminacea
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Uvigerinidae
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Uvigerina
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Uvigerina peregrina (1)
-
-
-
-
Cassidulinacea
-
Anomalinidae
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Cibicidoides (1)
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-
Globocassidulina
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Globocassidulina subglobosa (1)
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-
-
Globigerinacea
-
Globigerinidae
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Globigerina (2)
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Globigerinoides (2)
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Orbulina (1)
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Globorotaliidae
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Globorotalia (1)
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Globotruncanidae (2)
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Hantkenina (1)
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Hedbergella (2)
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Heterohelicidae (3)
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Neogloboquadrina
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Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (1)
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-
Rotalipora (2)
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-
Nodosariacea (2)
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Orbitoidacea
-
Orbitoididae (2)
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Rotaliacea
-
Heterostegina (1)
-
Nummulitidae
-
Nummulites (3)
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-
-
-
Textulariina
-
Ammodiscacea
-
Ammodiscidae (1)
-
Astrorhizidae (1)
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-
Lituolacea
-
Lituolidae
-
Haplophragmoides (1)
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-
Orbitolinidae (1)
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-
-
-
Radiolaria
-
Osculosida
-
Nassellina (4)
-
-
Spumellina (5)
-
-
Silicoflagellata (5)
-
-
Vermes
-
Annelida (1)
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Priapulida (1)
-
scolecodonts (2)
-
-
-
Metazoa (7)
-
microfossils
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Charophyta (1)
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Chitinozoa (8)
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Conodonta
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Adetognathus (1)
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Hindeodus (1)
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Neogondolella (1)
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Ozarkodina (1)
-
Panderodus (1)
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-
Fusulinina
-
Fusulinidae (1)
-
-
problematic microfossils (2)
-
scolecodonts (2)
-
-
palynomorphs
-
acritarchs (7)
-
Chitinozoa (8)
-
Dinoflagellata (19)
-
megaspores (3)
-
miospores
-
pollen (8)
-
-
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
calcareous algae (3)
-
Chlorophyta
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Charophyta (1)
-
Chlorophyceae
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Codiaceae (1)
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Dasycladaceae (1)
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-
-
Coccolithophoraceae
-
Coccolithus (1)
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Gephyrocapsa (1)
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-
diatoms (12)
-
nannofossils
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Sphenolithus (1)
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-
Pyrrhophyta (1)
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Rhodophyta
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Corallinaceae (2)
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-
-
Pteridophyta
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Lycopsida (2)
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Psilopsida (1)
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-
Spermatophyta
-
Angiospermae (1)
-
Gymnospermae
-
Coniferales (1)
-
Glossopteridales
-
Gangamopteris (1)
-
Glossopteris (1)
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-
Pteridospermae (1)
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-
-
-
problematic fossils
-
problematic microfossils (2)
-
-
Pterobranchia (1)
-
thallophytes (20)
-
tracks (3)
-
trails (2)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
Ar/Ar (4)
-
fission-track dating (2)
-
K/Ar (3)
-
optical mineralogy (1)
-
paleomagnetism (11)
-
racemization (1)
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Rb/Sr (2)
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Sr/Sr (1)
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tephrochronology (3)
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U/Pb (3)
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-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Blancan (3)
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Quaternary
-
Holocene (4)
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Pleistocene
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Irvingtonian (2)
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lower Pleistocene (5)
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Matuyama Chron (1)
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middle Pleistocene (1)
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upper Pleistocene
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Weichselian (1)
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-
-
upper Quaternary
-
Brunhes Chron (2)
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-
-
Tertiary
-
Cypress Hills Formation (1)
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lower Tertiary (5)
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middle Tertiary (1)
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Neogene
-
Hemphillian (1)
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Miocene
-
Calvert Formation (1)
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Clarendonian (1)
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lower Miocene
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Aquitanian (1)
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Burdigalian (2)
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-
middle Miocene (6)
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Pungo River Formation (1)
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Saint Marys Formation (1)
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upper Miocene
-
Eastover Formation (1)
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Montesano Formation (1)
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-
-
Pliocene
-
lower Pliocene (6)
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upper Pliocene
-
Chowan River Formation (1)
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-
Yorktown Formation (1)
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-
upper Neogene (2)
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-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
Castle Hayne Limestone (1)
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Ghazij Formation (1)
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lower Eocene
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Wasatchian (2)
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Ypresian (1)
-
-
middle Eocene
-
Cook Mountain Formation (1)
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Lutetian (1)
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-
Uintan (1)
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upper Eocene
-
Chadronian (3)
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Priabonian (1)
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-
-
lower Paleogene (2)
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Oligocene
-
lower Oligocene (4)
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upper Oligocene (4)
-
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
Danian (8)
-
K-T boundary (16)
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Puercan (1)
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-
Tongue River Member (1)
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upper Paleocene (4)
-
-
Santa Susana Formation (1)
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Wasatch Formation (1)
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White River Group (1)
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-
upper Tertiary (1)
-
-
upper Cenozoic (2)
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Antalya Complex (1)
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Cretaceous
-
Dakota Formation (1)
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Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian
-
lower Albian (1)
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upper Albian (4)
-
-
Aptian (4)
-
Barremian (3)
-
Berriasian (3)
-
Hauterivian (2)
-
Kiowa Formation (1)
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Neocomian (1)
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Valanginian (1)
-
-
Mancos Shale (1)
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Middle Cretaceous (3)
-
Mishash Formation (1)
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Upper Cretaceous
-
Campanian
-
lower Campanian (1)
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-
Cenomanian (8)
-
Coniacian (2)
-
Fox Hills Formation (3)
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Gulfian
-
Austin Group (2)
-
Prairie Bluff Chalk (1)
-
-
Hell Creek Formation (2)
-
K-T boundary (16)
-
Lance Formation (1)
-
Maestrichtian
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upper Maestrichtian (3)
-
-
Marshalltown Formation (1)
-
Moreno Formation (1)
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Pierre Shale (1)
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Prince Creek Formation (1)
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Rosario Formation (1)
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Santonian (4)
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Senonian (22)
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Turonian (3)
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-
-
Franciscan Complex (1)
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Great Valley Sequence (1)
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Jurassic
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Hettangian (1)
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lower Liassic (2)
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middle Liassic (2)
-
Pliensbachian (3)
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Sinemurian (1)
-
Sunrise Formation (1)
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Talkeetna Formation (1)
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Toarcian
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lower Toarcian (1)
-
-
upper Liassic (3)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
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Bajocian (2)
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Bathonian (2)
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Callovian (1)
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Dogger (1)
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-
Upper Jurassic
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Oxfordian (4)
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Tithonian (1)
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Volgian (1)
-
-
-
lower Mesozoic (1)
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Newark Supergroup (1)
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Triassic
-
Lower Triassic
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (5)
-
-
Middle Triassic (1)
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Upper Triassic
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Carnian (2)
-
Norian (5)
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Rhaetian (1)
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-
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Lower Cambrian
-
Atdabanian (1)
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Chilhowee Group (1)
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Tommotian (1)
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-
Middle Cambrian
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Barrandian (1)
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Burgess Shale (1)
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-
Pioche Shale (1)
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Upper Cambrian (9)
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-
Carboniferous
-
Benxi Formation (1)
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Lower Carboniferous
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Dinantian (2)
-
-
Middle Carboniferous (1)
-
Mississippian
-
Lower Mississippian
-
Kinderhookian
-
Banff Formation (1)
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-
Lodgepole Formation (1)
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Tournaisian (1)
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-
Middle Mississippian
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Visean (1)
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-
Upper Mississippian
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Serpukhovian (1)
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-
-
Namurian (2)
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Pennsylvanian
-
Lower Pennsylvanian
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Morrowan (2)
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-
Middle Pennsylvanian
-
Allegheny Group (1)
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Atokan
-
Atoka Formation (1)
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-
Desmoinesian
-
Hartshorne Sandstone (1)
-
-
Moscovian (2)
-
-
Pottsville Group (1)
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Upper Pennsylvanian
-
Kasimovian (3)
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Missourian (1)
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Virgilian
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Douglas Group (1)
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Shawnee Group (1)
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Wabaunsee Group (1)
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-
-
-
Upper Carboniferous
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Stephanian (1)
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Westphalian (1)
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-
-
Collier Shale (1)
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Cow Head Group (2)
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Devonian
-
Lower Devonian
-
Emsian (5)
-
Gedinnian (1)
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Lochkovian (2)
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Pragian (1)
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Siegenian (1)
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-
Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (6)
-
Givetian (2)
-
-
Swan Hills Formation (1)
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Upper Devonian
-
Famennian
-
upper Famennian (1)
-
-
Frasnian (12)
-
Kellwasser event (1)
-
Lime Creek Formation (1)
-
-
-
Earn Group (1)
-
Ellis Bay Formation (2)
-
Exshaw Formation (1)
-
Hanson Creek Formation (2)
-
Keyser Limestone (1)
-
lower Paleozoic
-
Cape Phillips Formation (2)
-
-
Ordovician
-
Catoche Formation (1)
-
Lower Ordovician
-
Arenigian (4)
-
Saint George Group (1)
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Tremadocian (9)
-
-
Middle Ordovician
-
Darriwilian (5)
-
Winnipeg Formation (1)
-
-
Trenton Group (1)
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Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (5)
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Caradocian (6)
-
Cincinnatian
-
Maysvillian (3)
-
Richmondian (1)
-
-
Edenian (2)
-
Kope Formation (2)
-
Mohawkian (1)
-
Red River Formation (1)
-
Trentonian (1)
-
-
Vinini Formation (2)
-
-
Permian
-
Guadalupian
-
Capitanian (3)
-
Roadian (3)
-
Wordian (2)
-
-
Kaibab Formation (1)
-
Lower Permian
-
Barakar Stage (1)
-
Cisuralian
-
Artinskian (5)
-
Asselian (4)
-
Kungurian (3)
-
Sakmarian (4)
-
-
Qixia Formation (1)
-
-
Maokou Formation (1)
-
Middle Permian (4)
-
Upper Permian
-
Changxing Formation (1)
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Lopingian
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Changhsingian (2)
-
Wuchiapingian (2)
-
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (5)
-
-
-
Road River Formation (1)
-
Silurian
-
Lockport Formation (1)
-
Lower Silurian
-
Llandovery
-
Aeronian (2)
-
Rhuddanian (3)
-
Telychian (2)
-
-
Wenlock
-
Homerian (3)
-
Sheinwoodian (1)
-
-
-
Middle Silurian (1)
-
Niagaran (1)
-
Upper Silurian
-
Ludlow
-
Gorstian (1)
-
Ludfordian (2)
-
-
Pridoli (3)
-
-
-
Taiyuan Formation (1)
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Bakken Formation (1)
-
Kaskaskia Sequence (1)
-
Shanxi Formation (1)
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (7)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (1)
-
Chuar Group (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Miette Group (1)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Ediacaran (9)
-
Hadrynian (1)
-
Riphean
-
upper Riphean (1)
-
-
Vendian (8)
-
-
Windermere System (1)
-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
agglutinates (1)
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
diabase (1)
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
basalts (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
hyaloclastite (1)
-
tuff (5)
-
-
trachytes (1)
-
-
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
slates (1)
-
-
turbidite (2)
-
-
minerals
-
carbonates
-
calcite (1)
-
-
minerals (1)
-
phosphates (1)
-
silicates
-
framework silicates
-
silica minerals
-
quartz (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
zircon group
-
zircon (2)
-
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
mica group
-
biotite (2)
-
glauconite (3)
-
-
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (15)
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Africa
-
Cape Verde Islands (1)
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Central Africa
-
Angola
-
Cabinda Angola (1)
-
-
Congo (1)
-
Gabon (1)
-
-
East Africa
-
Zambia (1)
-
-
North Africa
-
Algeria (1)
-
Atlas Mountains
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (1)
-
-
-
Egypt (1)
-
Ghadames Basin (1)
-
Libya
-
Murzuk Basin (1)
-
-
Morocco
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (1)
-
-
Tafilalt (1)
-
-
Tunisia
-
El Kef Tunisia (1)
-
-
-
Sahara (1)
-
Southern Africa
-
Karoo Basin (1)
-
Namibia (2)
-
South Africa
-
Cape Province region (1)
-
-
-
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Dakota Formation (1)
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Lower Cretaceous
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Albian
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Mancos Shale (1)
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Middle Cretaceous (3)
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Mishash Formation (1)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Campanian
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lower Campanian (1)
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Cenomanian (8)
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Coniacian (2)
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Fox Hills Formation (3)
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Gulfian
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Austin Group (2)
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Prairie Bluff Chalk (1)
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Hell Creek Formation (2)
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K-T boundary (16)
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Lance Formation (1)
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Maestrichtian
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upper Maestrichtian (3)
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Marshalltown Formation (1)
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Moreno Formation (1)
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Pierre Shale (1)
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Prince Creek Formation (1)
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Rosario Formation (1)
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Senonian (22)
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Turonian (3)
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Franciscan Complex (1)
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Great Valley Sequence (1)
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Jurassic
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Lower Jurassic
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middle Liassic (2)
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Sunrise Formation (1)
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Toarcian
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Middle Jurassic
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Dogger (1)
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Upper Jurassic
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Oxfordian (4)
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lower Mesozoic (1)
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Newark Supergroup (1)
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Triassic
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Permian-Triassic boundary (5)
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metal ores
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rhenium
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metamorphic rocks
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Mexico
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North America
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ocean circulation (1)
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Ocean Drilling Program
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Leg 104 (1)
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Leg 113
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ODP Site 690 (1)
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Leg 114
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ODP Site 698 (1)
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Leg 119
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ODP Site 738 (1)
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Leg 120
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ODP Site 748 (1)
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ODP Site 750 (1)
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Leg 143
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ODP Site 865 (1)
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Leg 154
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ODP Site 929 (1)
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Leg 165
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ODP Site 1000 (1)
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Leg 171B
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ODP Site 1050 (1)
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ODP Site 1052 (1)
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Oceania
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Paleozoic
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Desmoinesian
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Hartshorne Sandstone (1)
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Pottsville Group (1)
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Upper Pennsylvanian
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Virgilian
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Wabaunsee Group (1)
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Upper Carboniferous
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Stephanian (1)
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Collier Shale (1)
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Devonian
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Middle Devonian
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Swan Hills Formation (1)
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Upper Devonian
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Frasnian (12)
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Kellwasser event (1)
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Lime Creek Formation (1)
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Earn Group (1)
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Ellis Bay Formation (2)
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Exshaw Formation (1)
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Hanson Creek Formation (2)
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Keyser Limestone (1)
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lower Paleozoic
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Cape Phillips Formation (2)
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Ordovician
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Middle Ordovician
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Darriwilian (5)
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Upper Ordovician
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Ashgillian (5)
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Edenian (2)
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Kope Formation (2)
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Vinini Formation (2)
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Permian
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Wordian (2)
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Kaibab Formation (1)
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Lower Permian
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Cisuralian
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Qixia Formation (1)
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Maokou Formation (1)
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Middle Permian (4)
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Upper Permian
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Changxing Formation (1)
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Lopingian
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Permian-Triassic boundary (5)
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Road River Formation (1)
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Silurian
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Lockport Formation (1)
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Lower Silurian
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Llandovery
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Wenlock
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Pridoli (3)
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Taiyuan Formation (1)
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upper Paleozoic
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Kaskaskia Sequence (1)
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Shanxi Formation (1)
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palynomorphs
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Plantae
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diatoms (12)
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Rhodophyta
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Pteridophyta
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Spermatophyta
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Coniferales (1)
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Pteridospermae (1)
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plate tectonics (4)
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Precambrian
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Windermere System (1)
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problematic fossils
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stratigraphy (127)
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sediments
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sediments
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marine sediments (5)
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Stratigraphic and geographic distribution of dinosaur tracks in the UK
Pennsylvanian-age plant macrofossil biostratigraphy in tropical Pangaea: uniformitarianism, catastrophes and the ‘Cantabrian’ problem
Abstract Upper Carboniferous stages in terrestrial strata are consistently recognizable throughout the Euramerican Realm based on the ranges of plant macrofossils rather than named biozones. Uniformitarianism is an invaluable principle used to understand much of Earth's history. However, it has been recognized that relatively short time intervals exist when major changes occurred in the biota and sedimentation style at a non-uniformitarian time scale. Many well-defined Upper Carboniferous stage boundaries are located at such events. The Cantabrian Stage was proposed in 1969 based on the assumption that the ‘Florensprung’ (‘floral jump’) of Gothan, a dramatic change in terrestrial floras at the traditional Westphalian–Stephanian boundary, indicated that strata were missing, and the postulated ‘gap’ had to be closed by finding strata representing this ‘missing’ time elsewhere. The suggestion of a ‘gap’ or hiatus at this level reflects uniformitarian thinking, but is incorrect. As recent work has shown that a drastic climatic change reached a threshold in the tropical palaeoequatorial parts of Pangaea at the Westphalian–Stephanian (approximately the Moscovian–Kasimovian) boundary as a consequence of a drying trend, floras changed rapidly, and the traditional Westphalian–Stephanian boundary is thus one of the most easily recognizable biostratigraphic boundaries in Pennsylvanian terrestrial beds. The Cantabrian Stage, proposed to fill the non-existent gap, does not exist and cannot be recognized, either in its type area or elsewhere.
Kasimovian floristic change in tropical wetlands and the Middle–Late Pennsylvanian Boundary Event
Abstract A threshold-like vegetational change in tropical wetlands occurred in the early Kasimovian (the US Desmoinesian–Missourian boundary) – Event 3. Two earlier significant changes occurred, first in the mid-Moscovian (Atokan–Desmoinesian; ∼Bolsovian–Asturian) – Event 1, and the second in the late Moscovian (mid-Desmoinesian; mid-Asturian) – Event 2. These changes occurred during a time period of dynamic and complex physical change in Euramerican Pangaea driven by changes in polar ice volume and accompanying changes in sea level, atmospheric circulation, rainfall, and temperature. During the Event 3 change, hyperbolized as ‘the Carboniferous rainforest collapse’, lycopsid dominance of (mostly peat) swamps changed to marattialean tree-fern and medullosan pteridosperm dominance, and biodiversity decreased. Event 3 encompassed one glacial–interglacial cycle and included vegetational turnover in other wetland habitats. For several subsequent glacial–interglacial cycles peatland dominance varied, known from palynology, before stabilizing. These vegetational changes likely reflect climatic events driving unidirectional, non-reversible wetland vegetational changes, during cooler, wetter parts of glacial–interglacial cycles. Discussion is complicated by different placements of crucial stratigraphic boundaries, but under the same names, compromising both clear communication and understanding of the literature. Not the least is the floating base of the Cantabrian Substage, together with the position of the Westphalian–Stephanian Stage boundary.
Permian–Middle Triassic floral succession in North China and implications for the great transition of continental ecosystems
Taxonomy and palaeoenvironmental distribution of palaeopascichnids
New Middle Ordovician hyoliths from the Ossa Morena Zone, southwestern Spain
The smooth, spire-bearing brachiopods after the terminal Ordovician extinction through lower Llandovery in the central Oslo region, Norway
The largest arthropod in Earth history: insights from newly discovered Arthropleura remains (Serpukhovian Stainmore Formation, Northumberland, England)
Distribution and correlation of Sabellidites cambriensis (Annelida?) in the basal Cambrian on Baltica
Phyllozoon and Aulozoon : key components of a novel Ediacaran death assemblage in Bathtub Gorge, Heysen Range, South Australia
A new bivalved arthropod from the Cambrian (Stage 3) Qingjiang biota expands the palaeogeographical distribution and increases the diversity of Tuzoiidae
Foraminiferal Faunal Changes in the Upper Pliensbachian–Toarcian Ammonitico Rosso Sections (Bakonycsernye, Hungary)
A new large embolomere from East Kirkton
Cheiracanthid acanthodians from the lower fossil fish-bearing horizons (Eifelian, Middle Devonian) of the Orcadian Basin, Scotland
Completeness of the known graptoloid palaeontological record
Ion microprobe–measured stable isotope evidence for ammonite habitat and life mode during early ontogeny
Abstract: Forty Permian conodont biozones are summarized and 35 additional regional zones are correlated. The Lower Permian is largely zoned on the basis of partial range lineage interval zones of species of Streptognathodus , Sweetognathus , Neostreptognathodus and Mesogondolella . The Middle and Upper Permian are zoned, respectively, on the basis of partial range lineage interval zones of species of Jinogondolella and Clarkina . The ranges of all key taxa to develop this zonation are depicted in relation to the geochronological ages of Permian stages. The lowest Permian succession has been astronomically tuned with 400 kyr cyclothems linked to interpolated ages in the Uralian succession.
Abstract: The Permian Period is one of the most varied times, not only in oceanic environments, but also for the evolution of the radiolarian assemblages. Permian radiolarians have been extensively studied, and great progress has been achieved recently in their biostratigraphy. Seventeen Permian radiolarian zones are summarized here. Among these, seven zones are assigned to the latest Carboniferous–early Permian, namely (in ascending order): the Pseudoalbaillella bulbosa Assemblage Zone, the Pseudoalbaillella u-forma – Pseudoalbaillella elegans Assemblage Zone, the Pseudoalbaillella lomentaria – Pseudoalbaillella sakmarensis Assemblage Zone, the Pseudoalbaillella rhombothoracata Interval Zone, the Albaillella xiaodongensis Assemblage Zone, the Albaillella sinuata Abundance Zone and the Pseudoalbaillella ishigai Abundance Zone. Five zones are attributed to the middle Permian, including the Pseudoalbaillella globosa Interval Zone, the Follicucullus monacanthus Interval Zone, the Follicucullus porrectus Interval Zone, the Follicucullus scholasticus Interval Zone and the Follicucullus charveti Interval Zone. Five zones belong to the middle Permian–late Permian, including the Albaillella cavitata Interval Zone, the Albaillella levis Interval Zone, the Albaillella excelsa Interval Zone, the Albaillella triangularis Interval Zone and the Albaillella yaoi Abundance Zone. These Permian radiolarian biozones and their correlations with conondont zones or other chronostratigraphic schemes are discussed. The phylogenetic model of radiolarians through the Permian Period is also revised.
Abstract: Permian rugose corals underwent evolutionary episodes of assemblage changeover, biogeographical separation and extinction, which are closely related to geological events during this time. Two coral realms were recognized, the Tethyan Realm and the Cordilleran–Arctic–Uralian Realm. These are characterized by the families Kepingophyllidae and Waagenophyllidae during the Cisuralian, Waagenophyllidae in the Guadalupian and the subfamily Waagenophyllinae in the Lopingian, and the families Durhaminidae and Kleopatrinidae during the Cisuralian and major disappearance of colonial and dissepimented solitary rugose corals from the Guadalupian to the Lopingian, respectively. The development of these coral realms is controlled by the geographical barrier resulting from the Pangaea formation. According to the changes in the composition and diversity of the Permian rugose corals, a changeover event might have occurred at the end-Sakmarian and is characterized by the mixed Pennsylvanian and Permian faunas to typical Permian faunas, probably related to a global regression. In addition, three extinction events are present at the end-Kungurian, the end-Guadalupian and the end-Permian, which are respectively triggered by the northward movement of Pangaea, the Emeishan volcanic eruptions and subsequent global regression, and the global climate warming induced by the Siberian Traps eruption.