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popular geology
When Jules Verne Became a Geologist
Mapping Motion Direction to Color in Ground‐Motion Visualizations—A Tool with Potential Applications in Different Settings
How to Fight Earthquake Misinformation: A Communication Guide
ABSTRACT When Warren Hamilton passed away in October 2018, he left behind the manuscript for a synthesis paper that was published in Earth-Science Reviews in 2019: “Toward a myth-free geodynamic history of Earth and its neighbors.” Integrating hundreds of detailed studies across four worlds and billions of years, the paper’s outlook is heterodox, presenting alternatives to conventional wisdom in every paragraph for almost 50 pages. During the last years of his life, Hamilton had worked steadily on this paper, which he viewed as the culmination of his long career. This chapter tells the story of how Hamilton wrote his last paper, summarizes a few of the many ideas it contains, and describes how, with help from his colleagues, the paper was posthumously completed and published.
CLEMENTINE HELM BEYRICH (1825–1896), THE UNUSUAL CASE OF A WOMAN POPULARIZER OF THE GEOSCIENCES DURING THE NINETEENTH CENTURY IN CENTRAL EUROPE
4. INTERMEZZO: VOLCANOES AND FIELD WORK
“TO LOOK LIKE AN (EARTH) SCIENTIST”: SCIENCE POPULARIZATION AND PROFESSIONALIZATION BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF A PHOTO ALBUM DEDICATED TO THE VIENNESE GEOLOGIST EDUARD
ORIGINS AND EARLY EVOLUTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE AND THE OCEANS
5. THOUGHTS ON SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING
12. Intersection of Biogeochemistry with the Study of Meteorites
ABSTRACT The traditional model of the natural history museum developed during an age of exploration. In the twenty-first century, natural history museums can demonstrate the excitement of science and enhance geoscience education by using the space-age exploration of our solar system and incorporating the geoscience subdiscipline of planetary geology. Natural history museums reach a self-selected, self-directed, and multigenerational audience. This audience can choose to pursue a range of exhibits and programs in various sciences offered by a museum. The public may be interested in geoscience but often has limited knowledge or understanding of the science. Planetary geology offers an effective way to add content and technology to the traditional natural history museum and a new way to interest museum visitors in basic geoscience. Over the past decade, the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science (NMMNHS) has successfully used planetary geology to enhance geoscience education by incorporating the following techniques: (1) geoscience related to a specific planet or planetary mission; (2) geoscience related to a planetary problem; and (3) planetary geology related to art. Use of these techniques has allowed the NMMNHS to reach multiple and underrepresented audiences, to encourage interest in basic geoscience, and to better serve the science education needs of the state of New Mexico. The addition of planetary geology to the traditional range of science topics enables natural history museums to continue their evolution as relevant sources of geoscience and provides them with an additional and effective way to teach geoscience in the twenty-first century.
Something to be said for natural history museums
Searching For the Garamantian Emerald: Reconsidering the Green-colored Stone Beads Trade in the Ancient Sahara
“Per tremoto o per sostegno manco”: The Geology of Dante Alighieri’s Inferno
Abstract Local voluntary natural science societies played an important role in the development of early modern geotourism. This chapter explores the development of field, especially geological, excursions and their popularity in two local natural science societies – The Chester Society of Natural Science and the Woolhope Naturalists’ Field Club – from the 1850s to the 1950s. Both societies were established in the borderlands between England and Wales and had a strong emphasis on local and regional scientific studies. They exemplify broader trends in public engagement in the natural sciences and associated fieldwork consequent upon the British socio-political environment. Further, they draw out comparisons between the attitudes of society to excursions and scientific fieldwork, as well as involvement by social status and gender.
The role of Carclaze tin mine in eighteenth and nineteenth century geotourism
Abstract Carclaze tin mine was an open pit operation which exploited a massive cassiterite-bearing greisen-bordered quartz-tourmaline vein stockwork, straddling the granite margin near St Austell. It became a ‘must-see’ location for visitors to Cornwall from all over Europe in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, particularly those interested in the then-fashionable pursuits of geology and mineralogy. Intellectually, the early scientific interest in Carclaze can be seen as part of the Enlightenment, but in the nineteenth century the influence of Romanticism can also be detected. Much of the attraction was due to the openness and accessibility of Carclaze pit, which allowed the geology to be easily appreciated. This resulted in the development of the mine being particularly well documented by a large number of contemporary accounts and illustrations, which has also enabled an early, partly underground, canal to be rediscovered. The earliest account was by the Frenchman M. Jars who visited the pit in 1765; this was followed by accounts by other French geotourists from the early to mid-nineteenth century. The Germans Von Oeynhausen and Von Dechen provided the first geological map and cross-section of the pit in 1829. Accounts by local Cornish authors emphasize that Carclaze was a significant ‘sight’ for visitors. The earliest account of the pit by an English geologist was by Adam Sedgwick in 1822 ; in later publications he speculated on the formation of parallel vein swarms and schorl rock, partly based on his observations in Carclaze Old Tin Pit. De la Beche provided a pen-and-ink sketch of the south face of the pit in 1839. There are also many accounts by non-scientific visitors throughout the nineteenth century and, together with published lithographs, these are particularly helpful in describing and showing the methods of mining. Tin extraction from the Old Tin Pit had practically ceased by the mid-nineteenth century as production switched to china clay from new pits to the north. The historic south face of the Old Tin Pit, as illustrated by De La Beche, has survived into the twenty-first century and has been designated a County Geology Site by the Cornwall Geoconservation Group, although it is now threatened by housing and industrial development proposals.
The public impact of impacts: How the media play in the mass extinction debates
“Mass media” presentations of the dinosaurs and their co-inhabitants have been around for some 200 years. The question of what exterminated the dinosaurs and allowed mammals to take their leading place on Earth has a similarly lengthy history in the scientific arena and in public. However, there are amazingly few communication studies of the debates around mass extinctions and impacts. Those that do exist have picked up on the fact that these debates involve scientists from several disciplines, scientists who are often unused to reading each other’s research. Under these circumstances, more public or leading journals play a key role, not only in getting ideas out into the public arena, but in informing scientists across disciplinary boundaries. “Normal” communication processes, in which articles in peer-reviewed journals inform the scientific community and “simplified” versions may trickle out to the public via the mass media, become more complex. The dramatic impact answer to the question of the death of the dinosaurs seems to have attracted limited media attention at the time, confined to the “elite” newspapers. This paper analyzes the newspaper coverage of the death of the dinosaurs during the period from 1980 to 2008. I find that the period from 1991 to 1995 was critical in terms of changing public perceptions, insofar as they are determined/reflected in articles in general newspapers. I argue that the “Great Crash of 1994,” when Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 collided with the giant planet Jupiter, played an important role in propelling the impact scenario for the death of the dinosaurs into the (mass) public eye, and that the news value co-option was important in this process.