- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Southern Africa
-
Namibia (1)
-
South Africa
-
Murchison greenstone belt (1)
-
Transvaal region (1)
-
-
Zimbabwe (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
West Greenland (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Himachal Pradesh India (1)
-
-
-
Kamchatka Russian Federation
-
Kamchatka Peninsula
-
Avacha (1)
-
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
Mid-Atlantic Ridge (1)
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Broken Hill Block (1)
-
-
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland (1)
-
-
-
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Russian Federation
-
Kamchatka Russian Federation
-
Kamchatka Peninsula
-
Avacha (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Diablo Range (1)
-
Europe
-
Southern Europe
-
Greece
-
Greek Thrace
-
Rhodope Greece (1)
-
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Spain
-
Iberian Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Rhodope Mountains (1)
-
-
Thrace
-
Greek Thrace
-
Rhodope Greece (1)
-
-
-
Western Europe
-
France
-
Brittany (1)
-
Vosges France (1)
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
Scotland
-
Moine thrust zone (1)
-
-
Wales
-
Denbighshire Wales (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Indian Ocean
-
Mid-Indian Ridge (1)
-
-
North America
-
Rocky Mountains
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
-
Absaroka Range
-
Beartooth Mountains (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Oceania
-
Melanesia
-
New Caledonia (1)
-
-
-
Pacific Ocean
-
North Pacific
-
Mid-Pacific Mountains (1)
-
-
-
South America
-
Andes (1)
-
-
Table Mountain (1)
-
United States
-
Arkansas (1)
-
Bighorn Basin (1)
-
California
-
Del Norte County California (1)
-
Northern California (1)
-
-
Montana (1)
-
New York
-
Adirondack Mountains (1)
-
Clinton County New York (1)
-
Essex County New York (1)
-
Hamilton County New York (1)
-
Warren County New York (1)
-
-
Ouachita Mountains (1)
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
-
Absaroka Range
-
Beartooth Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Virginia
-
Rockingham County Virginia (1)
-
-
Wyoming
-
Big Horn County Wyoming (1)
-
Hot Springs County Wyoming (1)
-
Lincoln County Wyoming (1)
-
Park County Wyoming (1)
-
Sweetwater County Wyoming (1)
-
Washakie County Wyoming (1)
-
-
-
-
commodities
-
graphite deposits (1)
-
metal ores
-
chromite ores (1)
-
copper ores (2)
-
iron ores (1)
-
lead-zinc deposits (2)
-
nickel ores (1)
-
polymetallic ores (2)
-
silver ores (1)
-
zinc ores (1)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (4)
-
mineral exploration (1)
-
oil and gas fields (1)
-
petroleum
-
natural gas (1)
-
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
-
isotope ratios (2)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
metals
-
alkaline earth metals
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
rare earths
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (1)
-
-
-
-
-
geochronology methods
-
Rb/Sr (1)
-
U/Pb (1)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Tertiary
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
Green River Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Gulfian
-
Eagle Ford Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Haynesville Formation (1)
-
Josephine Ophiolite (1)
-
Josephine Peridotite (1)
-
-
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Carboniferous
-
Jackfork Group (1)
-
-
lower Paleozoic
-
Bay of Islands Ophiolite (1)
-
-
Silurian (1)
-
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (2)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic (1)
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (1)
-
granites (3)
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (1)
-
peridotites (2)
-
pyroxenite (1)
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
basalts
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (1)
-
ocean-island basalts (1)
-
-
-
-
ophiolite (3)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (1)
-
eclogite (1)
-
gneisses
-
orthogneiss (2)
-
-
marbles (5)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metaperidotite (1)
-
serpentinite (2)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks (1)
-
metasomatic rocks
-
serpentinite (2)
-
-
migmatites (1)
-
mylonites (1)
-
quartzites (3)
-
-
ophiolite (3)
-
-
minerals
-
carbonates
-
calcite (1)
-
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
halite (1)
-
-
-
minerals (2)
-
native elements
-
diamond (1)
-
graphite (1)
-
-
oxides
-
rutile (1)
-
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
tremolite (1)
-
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
plagioclase (1)
-
-
silica minerals
-
quartz (3)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
garnet group
-
pyrope (1)
-
-
olivine group
-
olivine (2)
-
-
zircon group
-
zircon (1)
-
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chlorite (1)
-
-
serpentine group
-
antigorite (1)
-
chrysotile (1)
-
lizardite (1)
-
-
talc (1)
-
-
-
sulfides
-
chalcopyrite (1)
-
galena (1)
-
sphalerite (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (1)
-
Africa
-
Southern Africa
-
Namibia (1)
-
South Africa
-
Murchison greenstone belt (1)
-
Transvaal region (1)
-
-
Zimbabwe (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
West Greenland (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Himachal Pradesh India (1)
-
-
-
Kamchatka Russian Federation
-
Kamchatka Peninsula
-
Avacha (1)
-
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
Mid-Atlantic Ridge (1)
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Broken Hill Block (1)
-
-
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland (1)
-
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Tertiary
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
Green River Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
-
crust (4)
-
crystallography (1)
-
data processing (1)
-
deformation (33)
-
diagenesis (1)
-
economic geology (4)
-
engineering geology (1)
-
Europe
-
Southern Europe
-
Greece
-
Greek Thrace
-
Rhodope Greece (1)
-
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Spain
-
Iberian Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Rhodope Mountains (1)
-
-
Thrace
-
Greek Thrace
-
Rhodope Greece (1)
-
-
-
Western Europe
-
France
-
Brittany (1)
-
Vosges France (1)
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
Scotland
-
Moine thrust zone (1)
-
-
Wales
-
Denbighshire Wales (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
faults (7)
-
folds (4)
-
foliation (3)
-
fractures (3)
-
geochemistry (5)
-
geophysical methods (1)
-
graphite deposits (1)
-
heat flow (1)
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (1)
-
granites (3)
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (1)
-
peridotites (2)
-
pyroxenite (1)
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
basalts
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (1)
-
ocean-island basalts (1)
-
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (1)
-
-
Indian Ocean
-
Mid-Indian Ridge (1)
-
-
intrusions (3)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
lineation (2)
-
magmas (3)
-
mantle (10)
-
maps (1)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Gulfian
-
Eagle Ford Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Haynesville Formation (1)
-
Josephine Ophiolite (1)
-
Josephine Peridotite (1)
-
-
-
-
metal ores
-
chromite ores (1)
-
copper ores (2)
-
iron ores (1)
-
lead-zinc deposits (2)
-
nickel ores (1)
-
polymetallic ores (2)
-
silver ores (1)
-
zinc ores (1)
-
-
metals
-
alkaline earth metals
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
rare earths
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (1)
-
-
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (1)
-
eclogite (1)
-
gneisses
-
orthogneiss (2)
-
-
marbles (5)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metaperidotite (1)
-
serpentinite (2)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks (1)
-
metasomatic rocks
-
serpentinite (2)
-
-
migmatites (1)
-
mylonites (1)
-
quartzites (3)
-
-
metamorphism (4)
-
metasomatism (2)
-
mineral deposits, genesis (4)
-
mineral exploration (1)
-
mineralogy (1)
-
minerals (2)
-
North America
-
Rocky Mountains
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
-
Absaroka Range
-
Beartooth Mountains (1)
-
-
-
-
-
ocean floors (1)
-
Oceania
-
Melanesia
-
New Caledonia (1)
-
-
-
oil and gas fields (1)
-
orogeny (1)
-
Pacific Ocean
-
North Pacific
-
Mid-Pacific Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Carboniferous
-
Jackfork Group (1)
-
-
lower Paleozoic
-
Bay of Islands Ophiolite (1)
-
-
Silurian (1)
-
-
petroleum
-
natural gas (1)
-
-
petrology (2)
-
plate tectonics (3)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (2)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic (1)
-
-
-
rock mechanics (2)
-
sea-floor spreading (1)
-
sedimentary petrology (3)
-
sedimentary rocks
-
carbonate rocks
-
limestone
-
micrite (1)
-
-
-
clastic rocks
-
shale (2)
-
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
planar bedding structures
-
bedding (1)
-
-
soft sediment deformation
-
ball-and-pillow (1)
-
flow structures (1)
-
-
-
sedimentation (1)
-
sediments
-
clastic sediments
-
clay (1)
-
-
-
South America
-
Andes (1)
-
-
structural analysis (7)
-
structural geology (12)
-
tectonics (10)
-
tectonophysics (1)
-
United States
-
Arkansas (1)
-
Bighorn Basin (1)
-
California
-
Del Norte County California (1)
-
Northern California (1)
-
-
Montana (1)
-
New York
-
Adirondack Mountains (1)
-
Clinton County New York (1)
-
Essex County New York (1)
-
Hamilton County New York (1)
-
Warren County New York (1)
-
-
Ouachita Mountains (1)
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
-
Absaroka Range
-
Beartooth Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Virginia
-
Rockingham County Virginia (1)
-
-
Wyoming
-
Big Horn County Wyoming (1)
-
Hot Springs County Wyoming (1)
-
Lincoln County Wyoming (1)
-
Park County Wyoming (1)
-
Sweetwater County Wyoming (1)
-
Washakie County Wyoming (1)
-
-
-
volcanology (1)
-
-
sedimentary rocks
-
oolite (1)
-
sedimentary rocks
-
carbonate rocks
-
limestone
-
micrite (1)
-
-
-
clastic rocks
-
shale (2)
-
-
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
boudinage (2)
-
sedimentary structures
-
planar bedding structures
-
bedding (1)
-
-
soft sediment deformation
-
ball-and-pillow (1)
-
flow structures (1)
-
-
-
-
sediments
-
oolite (1)
-
sediments
-
clastic sediments
-
clay (1)
-
-
-
-
soils
-
paleosols (1)
-
plastic flow
A viscoplastic model of creep in shale
Deformation of a Half‐Space from Anelastic Strain Confined in a Tetrahedral Volume
Migration of fluids and melts in subduction zones and general aspects of thermophysical modeling in geology
On the deformation mechanism of olivine single crystals at lithospheric temperatures: an electron tomography study
Geodynamic models of Cordilleran orogens: Gravitational instability of magmatic arc roots
Cordilleran orogens, such as the central Andes, form above subduction zones, and their evolution depends on both continental shortening and oceanic plate subduction processes, including arc magmatism and granitoid batholith formation. Arc and batholith magma compositions are consistent with partial melting of continental lithosphere and magmatic differentiation, whereby felsic melts rise upward through the crust, leaving a high-density pyroxenite root in the deep lithosphere. We study gravitational removal of this root using two-dimensional thermal-mechanical numerical models of subduction below a continent. The volcanic arc position is determined dynamically based on thermal structure, and formation of a batholith-root complex is simulated by changing the density of the arc lithosphere over time. For the model lithosphere structure, magmatic roots with even a small density increase are readily removed for a wide range of root strengths and subduction rates. The dynamics of removal depend on the relative rates of downward gravitational growth and lateral shearing by subduction-induced mantle flow. Gravitational growth dominates for high root densification rates, high root viscosities, and low subduction rates, resulting in drip-like removal as a single downwelling over 1–2.5 m.y. At lower growth rates, the root is removed over >3 m.y. through shear entrainment as it is carried sideways by mantle flow and then subducted. In all models, >80% of the root is removed, making this an effective way to thin orogenic mantle lithosphere. This can help resolve the mass problem in the central Andes, where observations indicate a thin mantle lithosphere, despite significant crustal shortening and thickening.
The structure of mantle flows and stress fields in a two-dimensional convection model with non-Newtonian viscosity
Interaction of a thermochemical plume with free convection mantle flows and its influence on mantle melting and recrystallization
Pressure-temperature-deformation paths of closely associated ultra-high-pressure (diamondbearing) crustal and mantle rocks of the Kimi complex: implications for the tectonic history of the Rhodope Mountains, northern Greece
This study explores a conceptual model for mantle convection in which buoyant and low-viscosity asthenosphere is present beneath the relatively thin lithosphere of ocean basins and regions of active continental deformation, but is less well developed beneath thicker-keeled continental cratons. We start by summarizing the concept of a buoyant plume-fed asthenosphere and the alternative implications this framework has for the roles of compositional and thermal lithosphere. We then describe the sinks of asthenosphere made by forming compositional lithosphere at ridges, by plate cooling wherever the thermal boundary layer extends beneath the compositional lithosphere, and by drag-down of buoyant asthenosphere along the sides of subducting slabs. We also review the implied origin of hotspot swell roots by melt-extraction from the hottest portions of upwelling plumes, analogous to the generation of compositional lithosphere by melt-extraction beneath a spreading center. The plume-fed asthenosphere hypothesis requires an alternative to “distinct source reservoirs” to explain the differing trace element and isotopic characteristics of ocean island basalt (OIB) and mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) sources; it does so by having the MORB source be the plum-depleted and buoyant asthenospheric leftovers from progressive melt-extraction within upwelling plumes, while the preferential melting and melt-extraction of more-enriched plum components is what makes OIB of a given hotspot typically fall within a tubelike geometric isotope topology characteristic of that hotspot. (The distinct plum components result from the subduction of chemically differing sediments, basalts, and residues to hotspot and mid-ocean ridge melt extraction.) Using this conceptual framework, we construct a thin-spherical-shell finite element model with a ∼100-km-scale mesh to explore the possible structure of global asthenosphere flow. Lubrication theory approximations are used to solve for the flow profile in the vertical direction. We assess the correlations between predicted flow and geophysical observations, and conclude by noting current limitations in the model and the reason why we currently neglect the influence of subcontinental plume upwelling for global asthenosphere flow.
Global plume-fed asthenosphere flow—II: Application to the geochemical segmentation of mid-ocean ridges
Asthenosphere plume-to-ridge flow has often been proposed to explain both the existence of geochemical anomalies at the mid-ocean ridge segments nearest an off-axis hotspot and the existence of apparent geochemical provinces within the global mid-ocean spreading system. We have constructed a thin-spherical-shell finite element model to explore the possible structure of global asthenosphere flow and to determine whether plume-fed asthenosphere flow is compatible with present-day geochemical and geophysical observations. The assumptions behind the physical flow model are described in the companion paper to this study. Despite its oversimplifications (especially the steady-state assumption), Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific mid-ocean ridge isotope geochemistry can be fit well at medium and long wavelengths by the predicted global asthenosphere flow pattern from distinct plume sources. The model suggests that the rapidly northward-moving southern margin of Australia, not the Australia-Antarctic discordance, is the convergence zone for much plume material in the southern hemisphere. It also suggests a possible link between the strike of asthenosphere flow with respect to a ridge axis and along-axis isotopic peaks.