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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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North Africa
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Morocco (1)
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Southern Africa
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Namibia (2)
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Primary terms
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absolute age (6)
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Africa
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Morocco (1)
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Southern Africa
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Namibia (2)
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Asia
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Far East
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Burma (1)
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China
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Jianghan Basin (1)
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Liaohe Basin (1)
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Qinling Mountains (2)
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Japan
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Himalayas (1)
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Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation (1)
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Western Sayan (1)
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Siberian Platform (1)
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Atlantic Ocean
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Rainbow hydrothermal field (1)
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Gulf of Mexico (1)
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Rainbow hydrothermal field (1)
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-
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Australasia
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Argyle Mine (1)
-
-
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New Zealand
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Southland New Zealand
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Fiordland (1)
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Papua New Guinea (1)
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Canada
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-
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Western Canada
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Manitoba
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Snow Lake Manitoba (1)
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Northwest Territories
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Ekati Mine (1)
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-
-
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carbon
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene
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middle Miocene (1)
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Pliocene (1)
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Paleogene
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Eocene (1)
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lower Oligocene (1)
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Twin Sisters Dunite (1)
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Alps
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Western Alps
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Ligurian Alps (1)
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Carpathians
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Central Europe
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plastic deformation
Deformation and metasomatism recorded by single-grain apatite petrochronology
Comment on “If Not Brittle: Ductile, Plastic, or Viscous?” by Kelin Wang
Reply to “Comment on ‘If Not Brittle: Ductile, Plastic, or Viscous?’ by Kelin Wang” by Marco A. Lopez‐Sanchez, Sylvie Demouchy, and Catherine Thoraval
Mesozoic intracontinental ductile shearing along the Paleozoic Shangdan suture in the Qinling Orogen: Constraints from deformation fabrics and geochronology
A natural example of brittle-to-viscous strain localization under constant-stress conditions: a case study of the Kellyland fault zone, Maine, USA
Extreme plastic deformation and subsequent Pb loss in shocked xenotime from the Vredefort Dome, South Africa
ABSTRACT Accessory mineral U-Pb geochronometers are crucial tools for constraining the timing of deformation in a wide range of geological settings. Despite the growing recognition that intragrain age variations within deformed minerals can spatially correlate to zones of microstructural damage, the causal mechanisms of Pb loss are not always evident. Here, we report the first U-Pb data for shock-deformed xenotime, from a detrital grain collected at the Vredefort impact structure in South Africa. Orientation mapping revealed multiple shock features, including pervasive planar deformation bands (PDBs) that accommodate up to 40° of lattice misorientation by <100>{010} slip, and also an ~50-µm-wide intragrain shear zone that contains {112} deformation twin lamellae in two orientations. Twenty-nine in situ secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) U-Pb analyses from all microstructural domains yielded a well-defined discordia with upper-intercept age of 2953 ± 15 Ma (mean square of weighted deviates [MSWD] = 0.57, n = 29, 2σ), consistent with derivation from Kaapvaal craton bedrock. However, the 1754 ± 150 Ma lower concordia intercept age falls between the 2020 Ma Vredefort impact and ca. 1100 Ma Kibaran orogenesis and is not well explained by multiple Pb-loss episodes. The pattern and degree of Pb loss (discordance) correlate with increased [U] but do not correlate to microstructure (twin, PDB) or to crystallinity (band contrast) at the scale of SIMS analysis. Numerical modeling of the Pb-loss history using a concordia-discordia-comparison (CDC) test indicated that the lower concordia age is instead best explained by an alteration episode at ca. 1750 Ma, rather than a multiple Pb-loss history. In this example, the U-Pb system in deformed xenotime does not record a clear signature of impact age resetting; rather, the implied high dislocation density recorded by planar deformation bands and the presence of deformation twins facilitated subsequent Pb loss during a younger event that affected the Witwatersrand basin. Microstructural characterization of xenotime targeted for geochronology provides a new tool for recognizing evidence of deformation and can provide insight into complex age data from highly strained grains, and, as is the case in this study, elucidate previously unrecognized alteration events.
The general dislocation source model and its application to microseismic focal mechanism inversion
The formation of continental roots
Pressure dependence of Si diffusion in γ-Fe
Thickening and partial melting of the Northern Qinling Orogen, China: insights from zircon U–Pb geochronology and Hf isotopic composition of migmatites
Intragranular plasticity vs. grain boundary sliding (GBS) in forsterite: Microstructural evidence at high pressures (3.5–5.0 GPa)
Inefficient high-temperature metamorphism in orthogneiss
Quantifying static and dynamic stiffness anisotropy and nonlinearity in finely laminated shales: Experimental measurement and modeling
Study of Emr and Ae During Coal Fracture Under Quasi-static Uniaxial Compression Load
Coupling of fluid flow to permeability development in mid- to upper crustal environments: a tale of three pressures
Abstract Orogenic gold systems are open, flow-controlled thermodynamic systems and generally occur in mid- to upper crustal environments where there is strong coupling between fluid flow and dilatant plastic deformation. This paper considers the principles involved in such coupling, with an emphasis on the elastic and plastic volume changes and their influence on the fluid, mechanical and thermodynamic pressures. Some misconceptions regarding the magnitudes of these three distinctly different pressures and their influences on fluid flow and chemical equilibrium are addressed, with examples at both the tens of metres scale and the crustal scale. We show that the mean stress is less than twice the lithostatic stress for Mohr–Coulomb materials with cohesion and the thermodynamic pressure only has meaning under isentropic conditions and hence is less than many previously published estimates based on high mean stresses. At the crustal scale, we also include the role of critical behaviour in influencing the geometry and magnitudes of fluid pressure gradients and fluid flow velocities in open, flow-controlled systems.