Thesaurus Terms | GeoScienceWorld

Skip to Main Content

Close

Journals
Books
GeoRef
Publishers
OpenGeoSci
Citation Manager
Help

search input Search input auto suggest

search filter

Search

Advanced Search

Menu

Search
GeoRef Thesaurus

Phanerozoic

See Also:

Cenozoic Mesozoic Paleozoic

Update search

Querybuilder input

Filter

Abstract
Affiliation
All
Authors
Book Series
DOI
EISBN
EISSN
Full Text
GeoRef ID
ISBN
ISSN
Issue
Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
Meeting Information
Report #
Title
Volume

Querybuilder input

Filter

Abstract
Affiliation
All
Authors
Book Series
DOI
EISBN
EISSN
Full Text
GeoRef ID
ISBN
ISSN
Issue
Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
Meeting Information
Report #
Title
Volume

Querybuilder input

Filter

Abstract
Affiliation
All
Authors
Book Series
DOI
EISBN
EISSN
Full Text
GeoRef ID
ISBN
ISSN
Issue
Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
Meeting Information
Report #
Title
Volume

Querybuilder input

Filter

Abstract
Affiliation
All
Authors
Book Series
DOI
EISBN
EISSN
Full Text
GeoRef ID
ISBN
ISSN
Issue
Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
Meeting Information
Report #
Title
Volume

Querybuilder input

Filter

Abstract
Affiliation
All
Authors
Book Series
DOI
EISBN
EISSN
Full Text
GeoRef ID
ISBN
ISSN
Issue
Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
Meeting Information
Report #
Title
Volume

Querybuilder input

Filter

Abstract
Affiliation
All
Authors
Book Series
DOI
EISBN
EISSN
Full Text
GeoRef ID
ISBN
ISSN
Issue
Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
Meeting Information
Report #
Title
Volume

NARROW

Format

Facet list

Journal Article (224)
Book Chapter (22)

Article Type

Facet list

Research Article (137)
Other (83)
Abstract (1)
Editorial (1)
Obituary (1)
Review Article (1)

Journal

Facet list

Geology (41)
GSA Bulletin (38)
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (20)
AAPG Bulletin (19)
Economic Geology (13)
Paleobiology (11)
Journal of the Geological Society (10)
Geological Magazine (9)
Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology (8)
PALAIOS (8)
Journal of Sedimentary Research (6)
Geosphere (5)
South African Journal of Geology (5)
Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France (4)
Journal of Paleontology (4)
American Mineralogist (3)
GeoArabia (2)
Petroleum Geoscience (2)
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology (2)
Seismological Research Letters (2)
The Leading Edge (2)
Clay Minerals (1)
Elements (1)
Exploration and Mining Geology (1)
Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis (1)
Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics (1)
Lithosphere (1)
Micropaleontology (1)
Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry (1)
Rocky Mountain Geology (1)

Publisher

Facet list

Geological Society of America (103)
American Association of Petroleum Geologists (20)
Canadian Science Publishing (20)
Geological Society of London (16)
Paleontological Society (15)
SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology (14)
Society of Economic Geologists (13)
Cambridge University Press (9)
Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists (8)
Geological Society of South Africa (5)

Section

Facet list

Article (3)
Articles (2)
Near Surface Geophysical Letters (1)
PART 2: ORE-FORMING PROCESSES IN DYNAMIC MAGAMATIC SYSTEMS (1)
Research Article (1)
Research Articles: Seawater History (1)
Tectonics and petroleum systems of East Africa (1)
Volume 150 Celebration Paper (1)

GeoRef Subject

all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
- Africa
  - Blue Nile (1)
  - Cape Verde Islands (1)
  - Chad Basin (1)
  - Congo Craton (1)
  - East Africa
    - Afar Depression (1)
    - Ethiopia (1)
    - Somali Republic (1)
    - Sudan (1)
    - Uganda (1)
  - East African Rift (2)
  - Madagascar (1)
  - Nile River (1)
  - North Africa
    - Algeria (1)
    - Egypt
      - Nile Delta (1)
    - Libya (1)
    - Morocco
      - Rif (1)
      - Tangier Morocco (1)
    - Tunisia (1)
  - Nubian Shield (1)
  - Southern Africa
    - Botswana (1)
    - Kaapvaal Craton (6)
    - Karoo Basin (1)
    - Namibia (3)
    - Orange River (1)
    - South Africa
      - Free State South Africa
        
        Vredefort Dome (2)
      - Transvaal region (1)
      - Witwatersrand (2)
    - Zimbabwe (1)
  - West Africa
    - Liberia (2)
    - Mauritania (1)
    - Nigeria
      - Niger Delta (1)
    - Sierra Leone (2)
  - Zimbabwe Craton (1)
- Antarctica
  - Antarctic Peninsula (1)
- Arctic Ocean
  - Amerasia Basin (1)
  - Barents Sea (1)
  - Canada Basin (4)
  - Eurasia Basin (1)
  - Kara Sea (1)
  - Nares Strait (1)
- Arctic region
  - Greenland
    - West Greenland (1)
  - Svalbard
    - Spitsbergen
      - Spitsbergen Island
        
        Hornsund (1)
- Asia
  - Arabian Peninsula
    - Oman (1)
    - Yemen (2)
  - Central Asia
    - Kazakhstan
      - Tengiz Field (1)
    - Pamirs (1)
  - Far East
    - Burma (3)
    - China
      - Altun Mountains (1)
      - Dabie Mountains (1)
      - Hubei China (1)
      - Hunan China (1)
      - Jiangxi China (1)
      - Kunlun Mountains (1)
      - North China Platform (1)
      - Qaidam Basin (1)
      - Qilian Mountains (2)
      - South China Block (1)
      - Sulu Terrane (1)
      - Xinjiang China
        
        Tarim Basin (1)
      - Xizang China (3)
      - Yangtze River (1)
    - Indonesia
      - Sumatra (1)
    - Japan
      - Sambagawa Belt (1)
      - Shikoku (1)
    - Thailand (1)
    - Vietnam (1)
  - Himalayas (5)
  - Indian Peninsula
    - India
      - Bihar India (1)
      - Northeastern India
        
        Assam India (1)
      - Pranhita-Godavari Valley (2)
    - Kohistan (2)
    - Pakistan (2)
  - Karakoram (1)
  - Kolyma Uplift (1)
  - Kopet-Dag Range (1)
  - Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
    - Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
      - Norilsk region (1)
  - Middle East
    - Iran
      - Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (1)
    - Lebanon (1)
    - Syria (1)
    - Turkey
      - Anatolia (1)
    - Zagros (1)
  - Omolon Block (1)
  - Siberia (1)
  - Siberian Platform (2)
  - Tibetan Plateau (4)
  - Tien Shan (1)
  - Turanian Platform (1)
  - Turkmenia
    - Karakum (1)
- Atlantic Ocean
  - North Atlantic
    - Blake Plateau (1)
    - English Channel (1)
    - Georges Bank (1)
    - Gulf of Maine (1)
    - Gulf of Mexico (3)
    - Hudson Bay (1)
    - North Sea (3)
    - Northeast Atlantic (1)
  - South Atlantic
    - Southeast Atlantic (1)
    - Walvis Ridge (1)
- Atlantic Ocean Islands
  - Cape Verde Islands (1)
- Atlantic region (3)
- Australasia
  - Australia
    - Lachlan fold belt (1)
    - New South Wales Australia (2)
    - South Australia (3)
    - Tasmania Australia (2)
    - Victoria Australia (1)
    - Western Australia
      - Canning Basin (1)
      - Kambalda Australia (1)
  - New Zealand
    - Southland New Zealand
      - Fiordland (1)
    - Taupo volcanic zone (1)
- Baffin Bay (1)
- Black Hills (1)
- Caledonides (5)
- Cambay Basin (1)
- Canada
  - Arctic Archipelago (1)
  - Eastern Canada
    - Maritime Provinces
      - New Brunswick (1)
      - Nova Scotia (1)
    - Meguma Terrane (1)
    - Newfoundland and Labrador
      - Labrador
        
        Voisey's Bay Deposit (1)
      - Newfoundland (3)
    - Ontario
      - Cochrane District Ontario
        
        Timmins Ontario (1)
      - Hamilton Ontario (1)
    - Quebec
      - Gaspe Peninsula (1)
      - Montreal and Jesus Islands County Quebec
        
        Montreal Quebec (1)
  - Hudson Bay (1)
  - Nunavut
    - Ellesmere Island (1)
    - Sverdrup Basin (1)
  - Queen Elizabeth Islands
    - Ellesmere Island (1)
    - Sverdrup Basin (1)
  - Richardson Mountains (1)
  - Ungava (1)
  - Western Canada
    - Alberta
      - Calgary Alberta (1)
      - Edmonton Alberta (1)
    - British Columbia
      - Vancouver Island (1)
    - Canadian Cordillera (5)
    - Manitoba
      - Flin Flon Manitoba (1)
    - Northwest Territories
      - Mackenzie Delta (1)
    - Saskatchewan (2)
    - Yukon Territory (5)
- Caribbean region
  - West Indies
    - Antilles
      - Greater Antilles
        
        Cuba (1)
    - Bahamas (1)
- Caspian Basin (1)
- Caspian Sea (1)
- Central America
  - Belize (1)
  - Honduras (1)
- Chicxulub Crater (1)
- Coast Mountains (1)
- Coast Ranges (1)
- Colorado River (1)
- Commonwealth of Independent States
  - Kazakhstan
    - Tengiz Field (1)
  - Russian Federation
    - Kolyma Uplift (1)
    - Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
      - Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
        
        Norilsk region (1)
    - Omolon Block (1)
    - Siberian Platform (2)
  - Turanian Platform (1)
  - Turkmenia
    - Karakum (1)
  - Ukraine
    - Podolia (1)
- Death Valley (1)
- Diablo Range (1)
- Eurasia (1)
- Europe
  - Alps
    - Central Alps (1)
  - Carpathians (1)
  - Central Europe
    - Bohemian Massif (1)
    - Germany
      - Bavaria Germany
        
        Solnhofen Germany (1)
      - Saxony Germany (1)
    - Poland (1)
    - Switzerland (1)
  - Fennoscandian Shield (1)
  - Jutland (1)
  - Pyrenees (2)
  - Southern Europe
    - Balkan Mountains (1)
    - Banat
      - Severin (1)
    - Bulgaria (1)
    - Greece
      - Hellenides (1)
    - Iberian Peninsula
      - Gibraltar (1)
      - Spain
        
        Andalusia Spain (1)
        
        Betic Cordillera (2)
    - Italy
      - Calabria Italy (1)
      - Ivrea-Verbano Zone (2)
    - Romania
      - Severin (1)
  - Tornquist-Teisseyre Zone (1)
  - Ukraine
    - Podolia (1)
  - Variscides (1)
  - Western Europe
    - France
      - Corsica (1)
    - Ireland (2)
    - Scandinavia
      - Denmark (1)
      - Norway
        
        Ringerike (1)
      - Sweden (1)
      - Western Gneiss region (1)
    - United Kingdom
      - Great Britain
        
        Bristol Channel (1)
        
        England
        
        Cheshire England (1)
        
        Devon England (1)
        
        East Anglia
        
        Suffolk England (1)
        
        Lincolnshire England (1)
        
        Wessex Basin (1)
        
        Scotland
        
        Great Glen Fault (1)
        
        Hebrides
        
        Inner Hebrides
        
        Isle of Skye (1)
        
        Highland region Scotland
        
        Inverness-shire Scotland
        
        Isle of Skye (1)
        
        Wales (3)
- Franklin Mountains (1)
- Front Range (2)
- Grand Canyon (1)
- Guadalupe Mountains (1)
- Indian Ocean
  - Arabian Sea
    - Gulf of Aden (1)
    - Persian Gulf (2)
  - Bay of Bengal (2)
  - East Indian Ocean (1)
  - Exmouth Plateau (1)
  - Ninetyeast Ridge (1)
  - Red Sea
    - Red Sea Rift (1)
  - Wharton Basin (1)
- Indian Ocean Islands
  - Madagascar (1)
- Jack Hills (1)
- Krishna-Godavari Basin (2)
- Llanos (1)
- Mackenzie River valley (1)
- Mediterranean region (4)
- Mediterranean Sea
  - East Mediterranean
    - Adriatic Sea (1)
    - Aegean Sea (1)
- Mexico
  - Baja California (1)
  - Colorado River delta (2)
  - Sierra Madre Occidental (1)
  - Zacatecas Mexico (1)
- North America
  - Appalachians
    - Blue Ridge Mountains (1)
    - Northern Appalachians (1)
    - Piedmont (1)
    - Southern Appalachians (1)
  - Basin and Range Province
    - Great Basin (5)
  - Belt Basin (1)
  - Canadian Shield
    - Churchill Province
      - Hearne Province (1)
    - Grenville Province (1)
    - Slave Province (2)
    - Superior Province
      - Abitibi Belt (1)
      - Wawa Belt (1)
  - Denali Fault (1)
  - Keweenawan Rift (1)
  - Michigan Basin (1)
  - North American Cordillera
    - Canadian Cordillera (5)
  - North American Craton (3)
  - Ogilvie Mountains (1)
  - Okanagan Valley (2)
  - Peninsular Ranges Batholith (1)
  - Rocky Mountains
    - Central Rocky Mountains (2)
    - Northern Rocky Mountains (1)
    - U. S. Rocky Mountains
      - Bighorn Mountains (1)
      - Uinta Mountains (1)
      - Wasatch Range (1)
  - Saint Lawrence Valley (1)
  - Shuswap Complex (3)
  - Tintina Fault (1)
  - Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (1)
  - Western Interior (1)
  - Williston Basin (1)
  - Yukon-Tanana Terrane (1)
- North Island (1)
- Northern Hemisphere (3)
- Oceania
  - Melanesia (1)
- Pacific Coast (1)
- Pacific Ocean
  - East Pacific
    - Northeast Pacific
      - Gulf of California (2)
    - Peru-Chile Trench (1)
  - North Pacific
    - Northeast Pacific
      - Gulf of California (2)
    - Northwest Pacific
      - Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
      - Mariana Trough (1)
  - West Pacific
    - Northwest Pacific
      - Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
      - Mariana Trough (1)
    - Ontong Java Plateau (1)
    - Sunda Shelf (1)
- Pacific region (1)
- Red Sea region (1)
- Ruby Mountains (1)
- Russian Platform (2)
- San Andreas Fault (1)
- Sinai (1)
- Solomon Islands (1)
- South America
  - Amazon Basin (1)
  - Andes
    - Eastern Cordillera (1)
  - Argentina (1)
  - Brazil
    - Borborema (1)
    - Parnaiba Basin (2)
    - Sao Paulo Brazil (1)
  - Chile
    - Atacama Chile (1)
    - Atacama Desert (2)
  - Colombia (1)
  - Parana Basin (2)
  - Peru (1)
- Southern Alps (1)
- Southern Ocean
  - Ross Sea
    - McMurdo Sound (1)
- Strait of Gibraltar (1)
- Taoudenni (2)
- United States
  - Alabama (3)
  - Alaska
    - Alaska Range (1)
    - Brooks Range (1)
    - Talkeetna Mountains (1)
  - Arizona
    - Cochise County Arizona (1)
    - Coconino County Arizona (1)
    - Pima County Arizona (1)
    - Rincon Mountains (1)
  - Arkansas (1)
  - Atlantic Coastal Plain (3)
  - Bighorn Basin (1)
  - Blue Ridge Mountains (1)
  - California
    - Central California (1)
    - Inyo County California (1)
    - Kingston Range (1)
    - Mono County California
      - Long Valley Caldera (1)
    - Nopah Range (1)
    - Northern California (1)
    - San Bernardino County California
      - Old Woman Mountains (1)
    - Shasta County California (1)
    - Sierra Nevada Batholith (4)
  - Cincinnati Arch (1)
  - Colorado
    - Eagle County Colorado (1)
    - Garfield County Colorado (2)
    - Grand County Colorado (1)
    - Pitkin County Colorado (1)
    - San Juan volcanic field (1)
    - White River Plateau (2)
  - Colorado Plateau (2)
  - Delaware
    - Kent County Delaware (1)
  - Eastern U.S. (1)
  - Georgia
    - McIntosh County Georgia
      - Sapelo Island (1)
  - Great Basin (5)
  - Idaho (4)
  - Idaho Batholith (1)
  - Illinois
    - Mazon Creek (1)
  - Illinois Basin (1)
  - Iowa
    - Carroll County Iowa (1)
  - Kansas (2)
  - Kentucky (2)
  - Klamath Mountains (2)
  - Lewis and Clark Lineament (1)
  - Louisiana (1)
  - Maine
    - Aroostook County Maine (1)
  - Maryland (1)
  - Massachusetts
    - Essex County Massachusetts (1)
    - Middlesex County Massachusetts (1)
  - Michigan
    - Michigan Upper Peninsula
      - Gogebic County Michigan (1)
  - Midcontinent (3)
  - Mississippi (2)
  - Mississippi Embayment (2)
  - Mississippi Valley (1)
  - Missouri (5)
  - Montana (5)
  - Nashville Dome (1)
  - Nebraska (1)
  - Nevada
    - Elko County Nevada
      - East Humboldt Range (1)
    - Nye County Nevada
      - Yucca Mountain (1)
  - New Jersey (1)
  - New Madrid region (2)
  - New Mexico
    - Bernalillo County New Mexico (1)
    - Grant County New Mexico (1)
    - Hidalgo County New Mexico (1)
    - Jemez Lineament (1)
    - Rio Arriba County New Mexico (2)
    - San Miguel County New Mexico (1)
    - Sandoval County New Mexico (2)
    - Santa Fe County New Mexico (2)
    - Taos County New Mexico (2)
    - Torrance County New Mexico (1)
    - Valencia County New Mexico (1)
  - New York
    - Adirondack Mountains (2)
    - Essex County New York (1)
    - Franklin County New York (1)
    - Fulton County New York (1)
    - Hamilton County New York (1)
    - Herkimer County New York (1)
    - Jefferson County New York (1)
    - Lewis County New York (1)
    - Niagara County New York (1)
    - Saint Lawrence County New York (1)
    - Warren County New York (1)
    - Washington County New York (1)
  - North Carolina
    - Carteret County North Carolina (1)
  - North Dakota (1)
  - Oklahoma (1)
  - Ouachita Mountains (1)
  - Pennsylvania (2)
  - Pine Mountain Window (1)
  - Reelfoot Rift (1)
  - Sevier orogenic belt (2)
  - South Dakota (2)
  - Tennessee (2)
  - Texas (1)
  - U. S. Rocky Mountains
    - Bighorn Mountains (1)
    - Uinta Mountains (1)
    - Wasatch Range (1)
  - Utah (8)
  - Virginia (3)
  - Walker Lane (2)
  - Wasatch fault zone (1)
  - Washington
    - San Juan County Washington (1)
  - Western U.S. (3)
  - Wisconsin
    - Grant County Wisconsin (1)
  - Wyoming (3)
  - Yavapai Province (1)
  - Yellowstone National Park (1)
- USSR (2)
- Western Hemisphere (1)
- White Mountains (1)
- Wind River basin (1)
- Yucatan Peninsula (1)
commodities
- barite deposits (1)
- bitumens (1)
- brines (2)
- diamond deposits (4)
- energy sources (4)
- gems (3)
- industrial minerals (1)
- metal ores
  - base metals (2)
  - copper ores (4)
  - gold ores (9)
  - iron ores (1)
  - lead ores (4)
  - lead-zinc deposits (1)
  - mercury ores (1)
  - molybdenum ores (1)
  - nickel ores (2)
  - platinum ores (2)
  - polymetallic ores (3)
  - silver ores (2)
  - strontium ores (1)
  - uranium ores (1)
  - zinc ores (4)
- mineral deposits, genesis (12)
- mineral exploration (6)
- mineral resources (6)
- oil and gas fields (2)
- petroleum
  - natural gas (6)
- potash (1)
elements, isotopes
- carbon
  - C-13/C-12 (3)
  - C-14 (1)
  - organic carbon (1)
- chemical ratios (4)
- hydrogen
  - D/H (1)
- isotope ratios (8)
- isotopes
  - radioactive isotopes
    - C-14 (1)
    - Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
    - Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
  - stable isotopes
    - C-13/C-12 (3)
    - D/H (1)
    - Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
    - N-15/N-14 (1)
    - O-18/O-16 (5)
    - Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
    - Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
    - S-34/S-32 (2)
    - Sr-87/Sr-86 (4)
- metals
  - alkaline earth metals
    - barium (1)
    - magnesium (2)
    - strontium
      - Sr-87/Sr-86 (4)
  - germanium (2)
  - hafnium
    - Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
  - iron (2)
  - lead
    - Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
    - Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
  - platinum group
    - iridium (1)
    - platinum ores (2)
  - rare earths (4)
- nitrogen
  - N-15/N-14 (1)
- oxygen
  - O-18/O-16 (5)
- silicon (2)
- sulfur
  - S-34/S-32 (2)
fossils
- borings (4)
- burrows (3)
- Chordata
  - Vertebrata
    - Tetrapoda
      - Mammalia (1)
      - Reptilia
        
        Diapsida
        
        Archosauria
        
        dinosaurs (1)
- cyanobacteria (1)
- ichnofossils
  - Cruziana (1)
  - Ophiomorpha (1)
  - Planolites (1)
  - Skolithos (3)
- Invertebrata
  - Arthropoda
    - Mandibulata
      - Crustacea
        
        Malacostraca (2)
        
        Ostracoda
        
        Podocopida
        
        Cytherocopina (1)
  - Brachiopoda
    - Articulata
      - Terebratulida
        
        Terebratulina (2)
  - Bryozoa (1)
  - Cnidaria
    - Anthozoa
      - Zoantharia
        
        Tabulata (1)
  - Echinodermata
    - Asterozoa
      - Stelleroidea
        
        Asteroidea (1)
  - Mollusca
    - Bivalvia
      - Heterodonta
        
        Veneroida
        
        Astartidae
        
        Astarte (1)
        
        Veneridae
        
        Chione (1)
        
        Mercenaria (1)
      - Mytilus
        
        Mytilus edulis (1)
      - Ostreoidea
        
        Ostreidae
        
        Crassostrea
        
        Crassostrea virginica (1)
    - Gastropoda
      - Naticidae (1)
  - Porifera (2)
  - Protista
    - Foraminifera (7)
    - Radiolaria (2)
  - Vermes (1)
- microfossils
  - Conodonta (5)
- palynomorphs
  - megaspores (1)
  - miospores
    - pollen (1)
- Plantae
  - algae
    - Chlorophyta
      - Chlorophyceae
        
        Dasycladaceae (2)
    - diatoms (1)
    - nannofossils (4)
  - Pteridophyta
    - Filicopsida
      - Azolla (1)
- problematic fossils (1)
- thallophytes (5)
- tracks (1)
geochronology methods
- (U-Th)/He (3)
- Ar/Ar (4)
- fission-track dating (3)
- He/He (1)
- K/Ar (5)
- paleomagnetism (10)
- Pb/Pb (1)
- Pb/Th (1)
- racemization (1)
- Rb/Sr (6)
- Re/Os (1)
- Sm/Nd (2)
- thermochronology (4)
- U/Pb (9)
- U/Th/Pb (3)
geologic age
- Cenozoic
  - Quaternary
    - Holocene (7)
    - Pleistocene (1)
  - Tertiary
    - Maikop Series (1)
    - Neogene
      - Miocene
        
        Topopah Spring Member (1)
    - Paleogene
      - Eocene
        
        lower Eocene
        
        Hatchetigbee Formation (1)
        
        middle Eocene
        
        Lisbon Formation (1)
        
        upper Eocene
        
        Moodys Branch Formation (1)
        
        Piney Point Formation (1)
      - Oligocene (3)
      - Paleocene
        
        lower Paleocene
        
        K-T boundary (2)
- Mesozoic
  - Cretaceous
    - Lower Cretaceous
      - Aptian (1)
    - Upper Cretaceous
      - K-T boundary (2)
  - Franciscan Complex (2)
  - Jurassic
    - Middle Jurassic
      - Callovian (1)
    - Rajmahal Series (1)
  - lower Mesozoic (1)
  - Triassic
    - Lower Triassic
      - Bunter
        
        Voltzia Sandstone (1)
      - Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
      - Thaynes Formation (1)
    - Nicola Group (2)
    - Upper Triassic
      - Norian (1)
- Paleozoic
  - Cambrian
    - Lower Cambrian
      - Zabriskie Quartzite (1)
    - Middle Cambrian
      - Burgess Shale (1)
  - Carboniferous
    - Mississippian (3)
    - Pennsylvanian
      - Minturn Formation (1)
    - Upper Carboniferous (1)
  - Casper Formation (1)
  - Chattanooga Shale (1)
  - Devonian
    - Lower Devonian (1)
    - Middle Devonian
      - Nahanni Formation (1)
      - Sulphur Point Formation (1)
    - Slave Point Formation (1)
    - Upper Devonian
      - Famennian (1)
      - Frasnian
        
        Leduc Formation (1)
  - Knox Group (1)
  - lower Paleozoic
    - Wilmington Complex (1)
  - New Albany Shale (1)
  - Ordovician
    - Lower Ordovician (1)
    - Meguma Group (1)
    - Middle Ordovician
      - Stones River Group (1)
    - Upper Ordovician
      - Ashgillian (1)
      - Hirnantian (1)
      - Red River Formation (2)
  - Permian
    - Ecca Group (1)
    - Lower Permian
      - Qixia Formation (1)
    - Middle Permian (1)
    - Upper Permian
      - Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
  - Silurian
    - Lockport Formation (1)
    - Lower Silurian
      - Tuscarora Formation (1)
    - Middle Silurian (2)
    - Niagaran (1)
  - upper Paleozoic (5)
- Phanerozoic (246)
- Precambrian
  - Archean
    - Neoarchean (3)
  - Eocambrian (1)
  - Hadean (1)
  - Nonesuch Shale (1)
  - Transvaal Supergroup (1)
  - upper Precambrian
    - Proterozoic
      - Damara System (1)
      - Huronian (1)
      - Mesoproterozoic
        
        Belt Supergroup (2)
      - Neoproterozoic
        
        Cryogenian (1)
        
        Ediacaran (3)
        
        Riphean (1)
      - Paleoproterozoic (5)
igneous rocks
- igneous rocks
  - carbonatites (2)
  - kimberlite (2)
  - plutonic rocks
    - anorthosite (1)
    - diabase (3)
    - diorites
      - tonalite (1)
    - gabbros (1)
    - granites
      - A-type granites (1)
      - charnockite (1)
      - S-type granites (1)
    - granodiorites (1)
    - lamproite (1)
    - quartz monzonite (1)
    - ultramafics
      - peridotites
        
        harzburgite (2)
        
        lherzolite (2)
  - volcanic rocks
    - adakites (1)
    - basalts
      - alkali basalts (1)
      - flood basalts (3)
      - mid-ocean ridge basalts (1)
      - ocean-island basalts (1)
      - shoshonite (1)
      - tholeiite (1)
    - komatiite (2)
    - pyroclastics
      - ash-flow tuff (1)
      - ignimbrite (1)
      - tuff (1)
    - rhyolites (1)
- ophiolite (3)
- volcanic ash (1)
metamorphic rocks
- K-bentonite (1)
- metamorphic rocks
  - eclogite (3)
  - gneisses
    - orthogneiss (1)
    - paragneiss (1)
  - granulites
    - kinzigite (1)
  - metaigneous rocks
    - serpentinite (2)
  - metasedimentary rocks
    - paragneiss (1)
  - metasomatic rocks
    - serpentinite (2)
    - skarn (1)
  - metavolcanic rocks (2)
  - mylonites
    - pseudotachylite (1)
  - schists (1)
- ophiolite (3)
- turbidite (4)
meteorites
- meteorites (1)
minerals
- arsenides (1)
- carbonates
  - aragonite (1)
  - calcite (1)
- K-bentonite (1)
- minerals (1)
- native elements
  - diamond (2)
- oxides
  - hematite (1)
- phosphates
  - apatite (4)
  - monazite (2)
- silicates
  - chain silicates
    - amphibole group (1)
  - orthosilicates
    - nesosilicates
      - garnet group (1)
      - zircon group
        
        thorite (1)
        
        zircon (12)
  - sheet silicates
    - clay minerals (1)
    - mica group
      - biotite (2)
    - sepiolite (1)
- sulfates
  - gypsum (1)
- sulfides
  - pyrite (1)
- tellurides (1)
Primary terms
- absolute age (28)
- Africa
  - Blue Nile (1)
  - Cape Verde Islands (1)
  - Chad Basin (1)
  - Congo Craton (1)
  - East Africa
    - Afar Depression (1)
    - Ethiopia (1)
    - Somali Republic (1)
    - Sudan (1)
    - Uganda (1)
  - East African Rift (2)
  - Madagascar (1)
  - Nile River (1)
  - North Africa
    - Algeria (1)
    - Egypt
      - Nile Delta (1)
    - Libya (1)
    - Morocco
      - Rif (1)
      - Tangier Morocco (1)
    - Tunisia (1)
  - Nubian Shield (1)
  - Southern Africa
    - Botswana (1)
    - Kaapvaal Craton (6)
    - Karoo Basin (1)
    - Namibia (3)
    - Orange River (1)
    - South Africa
      - Free State South Africa
        
        Vredefort Dome (2)
      - Transvaal region (1)
      - Witwatersrand (2)
    - Zimbabwe (1)
  - West Africa
    - Liberia (2)
    - Mauritania (1)
    - Nigeria
      - Niger Delta (1)
    - Sierra Leone (2)
  - Zimbabwe Craton (1)
- Antarctica
  - Antarctic Peninsula (1)
- Arctic Ocean
  - Amerasia Basin (1)
  - Barents Sea (1)
  - Canada Basin (4)
  - Eurasia Basin (1)
  - Kara Sea (1)
  - Nares Strait (1)
- Arctic region
  - Greenland
    - West Greenland (1)
  - Svalbard
    - Spitsbergen
      - Spitsbergen Island
        
        Hornsund (1)
- Asia
  - Arabian Peninsula
    - Oman (1)
    - Yemen (2)
  - Central Asia
    - Kazakhstan
      - Tengiz Field (1)
    - Pamirs (1)
  - Far East
    - Burma (3)
    - China
      - Altun Mountains (1)
      - Dabie Mountains (1)
      - Hubei China (1)
      - Hunan China (1)
      - Jiangxi China (1)
      - Kunlun Mountains (1)
      - North China Platform (1)
      - Qaidam Basin (1)
      - Qilian Mountains (2)
      - South China Block (1)
      - Sulu Terrane (1)
      - Xinjiang China
        
        Tarim Basin (1)
      - Xizang China (3)
      - Yangtze River (1)
    - Indonesia
      - Sumatra (1)
    - Japan
      - Sambagawa Belt (1)
      - Shikoku (1)
    - Thailand (1)
    - Vietnam (1)
  - Himalayas (5)
  - Indian Peninsula
    - India
      - Bihar India (1)
      - Northeastern India
        
        Assam India (1)
      - Pranhita-Godavari Valley (2)
    - Kohistan (2)
    - Pakistan (2)
  - Karakoram (1)
  - Kolyma Uplift (1)
  - Kopet-Dag Range (1)
  - Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
    - Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
      - Norilsk region (1)
  - Middle East
    - Iran
      - Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (1)
    - Lebanon (1)
    - Syria (1)
    - Turkey
      - Anatolia (1)
    - Zagros (1)
  - Omolon Block (1)
  - Siberia (1)
  - Siberian Platform (2)
  - Tibetan Plateau (4)
  - Tien Shan (1)
  - Turanian Platform (1)
  - Turkmenia
    - Karakum (1)
- asteroids (1)
- Atlantic Ocean
  - North Atlantic
    - Blake Plateau (1)
    - English Channel (1)
    - Georges Bank (1)
    - Gulf of Maine (1)
    - Gulf of Mexico (3)
    - Hudson Bay (1)
    - North Sea (3)
    - Northeast Atlantic (1)
  - South Atlantic
    - Southeast Atlantic (1)
    - Walvis Ridge (1)
- Atlantic Ocean Islands
  - Cape Verde Islands (1)
- Atlantic region (3)
- Australasia
  - Australia
    - Lachlan fold belt (1)
    - New South Wales Australia (2)
    - South Australia (3)
    - Tasmania Australia (2)
    - Victoria Australia (1)
    - Western Australia
      - Canning Basin (1)
      - Kambalda Australia (1)
  - New Zealand
    - Southland New Zealand
      - Fiordland (1)
    - Taupo volcanic zone (1)
- barite deposits (1)
- bibliography (3)
- biogeography (7)
- biography (1)
- bitumens (1)
- book reviews (1)
- brines (2)
- Canada
  - Arctic Archipelago (1)
  - Eastern Canada
    - Maritime Provinces
      - New Brunswick (1)
      - Nova Scotia (1)
    - Meguma Terrane (1)
    - Newfoundland and Labrador
      - Labrador
        
        Voisey's Bay Deposit (1)
      - Newfoundland (3)
    - Ontario
      - Cochrane District Ontario
        
        Timmins Ontario (1)
      - Hamilton Ontario (1)
    - Quebec
      - Gaspe Peninsula (1)
      - Montreal and Jesus Islands County Quebec
        
        Montreal Quebec (1)
  - Hudson Bay (1)
  - Nunavut
    - Ellesmere Island (1)
    - Sverdrup Basin (1)
  - Queen Elizabeth Islands
    - Ellesmere Island (1)
    - Sverdrup Basin (1)
  - Richardson Mountains (1)
  - Ungava (1)
  - Western Canada
    - Alberta
      - Calgary Alberta (1)
      - Edmonton Alberta (1)
    - British Columbia
      - Vancouver Island (1)
    - Canadian Cordillera (5)
    - Manitoba
      - Flin Flon Manitoba (1)
    - Northwest Territories
      - Mackenzie Delta (1)
    - Saskatchewan (2)
    - Yukon Territory (5)
- carbon
  - C-13/C-12 (3)
  - C-14 (1)
  - organic carbon (1)
- Caribbean region
  - West Indies
    - Antilles
      - Greater Antilles
        
        Cuba (1)
    - Bahamas (1)
- Caspian Sea (1)
- Cenozoic
  - Quaternary
    - Holocene (7)
    - Pleistocene (1)
  - Tertiary
    - Maikop Series (1)
    - Neogene
      - Miocene
        
        Topopah Spring Member (1)
    - Paleogene
      - Eocene
        
        lower Eocene
        
        Hatchetigbee Formation (1)
        
        middle Eocene
        
        Lisbon Formation (1)
        
        upper Eocene
        
        Moodys Branch Formation (1)
        
        Piney Point Formation (1)
      - Oligocene (3)
      - Paleocene
        
        lower Paleocene
        
        K-T boundary (2)
- Central America
  - Belize (1)
  - Honduras (1)
- Chordata
  - Vertebrata
    - Tetrapoda
      - Mammalia (1)
      - Reptilia
        
        Diapsida
        
        Archosauria
        
        dinosaurs (1)
- continental drift (14)
- continental shelf (5)
- continental slope (2)
- crust (40)
- data processing (4)
- deformation (9)
- diagenesis (6)
- diamond deposits (4)
- Earth (1)
- earthquakes (3)
- ecology (3)
- economic geology (12)
- energy sources (4)
- epeirogeny (2)
- Eurasia (1)
- Europe
  - Alps
    - Central Alps (1)
  - Carpathians (1)
  - Central Europe
    - Bohemian Massif (1)
    - Germany
      - Bavaria Germany
        
        Solnhofen Germany (1)
      - Saxony Germany (1)
    - Poland (1)
    - Switzerland (1)
  - Fennoscandian Shield (1)
  - Jutland (1)
  - Pyrenees (2)
  - Southern Europe
    - Balkan Mountains (1)
    - Banat
      - Severin (1)
    - Bulgaria (1)
    - Greece
      - Hellenides (1)
    - Iberian Peninsula
      - Gibraltar (1)
      - Spain
        
        Andalusia Spain (1)
        
        Betic Cordillera (2)
    - Italy
      - Calabria Italy (1)
      - Ivrea-Verbano Zone (2)
    - Romania
      - Severin (1)
  - Tornquist-Teisseyre Zone (1)
  - Ukraine
    - Podolia (1)
  - Variscides (1)
  - Western Europe
    - France
      - Corsica (1)
    - Ireland (2)
    - Scandinavia
      - Denmark (1)
      - Norway
        
        Ringerike (1)
      - Sweden (1)
      - Western Gneiss region (1)
    - United Kingdom
      - Great Britain
        
        Bristol Channel (1)
        
        England
        
        Cheshire England (1)
        
        Devon England (1)
        
        East Anglia
        
        Suffolk England (1)
        
        Lincolnshire England (1)
        
        Wessex Basin (1)
        
        Scotland
        
        Great Glen Fault (1)
        
        Hebrides
        
        Inner Hebrides
        
        Isle of Skye (1)
        
        Highland region Scotland
        
        Inverness-shire Scotland
        
        Isle of Skye (1)
        
        Wales (3)
- faults (52)
- folds (16)
- foliation (3)
- fractures (2)
- gems (3)
- geochemistry (20)
- geochronology (11)
- geology (1)
- geomorphology (6)
- geophysical methods (25)
- geosynclines (4)
- glacial geology (4)
- ground water (1)
- heat flow (5)
- hydrogen
  - D/H (1)
- ichnofossils
  - Cruziana (1)
  - Ophiomorpha (1)
  - Planolites (1)
  - Skolithos (3)
- igneous rocks
  - carbonatites (2)
  - kimberlite (2)
  - plutonic rocks
    - anorthosite (1)
    - diabase (3)
    - diorites
      - tonalite (1)
    - gabbros (1)
    - granites
      - A-type granites (1)
      - charnockite (1)
      - S-type granites (1)
    - granodiorites (1)
    - lamproite (1)
    - quartz monzonite (1)
    - ultramafics
      - peridotites
        
        harzburgite (2)
        
        lherzolite (2)
  - volcanic rocks
    - adakites (1)
    - basalts
      - alkali basalts (1)
      - flood basalts (3)
      - mid-ocean ridge basalts (1)
      - ocean-island basalts (1)
      - shoshonite (1)
      - tholeiite (1)
    - komatiite (2)
    - pyroclastics
      - ash-flow tuff (1)
      - ignimbrite (1)
      - tuff (1)
    - rhyolites (1)
- inclusions
  - fluid inclusions (2)
- Indian Ocean
  - Arabian Sea
    - Gulf of Aden (1)
    - Persian Gulf (2)
  - Bay of Bengal (2)
  - East Indian Ocean (1)
  - Exmouth Plateau (1)
  - Ninetyeast Ridge (1)
  - Red Sea
    - Red Sea Rift (1)
  - Wharton Basin (1)
- Indian Ocean Islands
  - Madagascar (1)
- industrial minerals (1)
- intrusions (24)
- Invertebrata
  - Arthropoda
    - Mandibulata
      - Crustacea
        
        Malacostraca (2)
        
        Ostracoda
        
        Podocopida
        
        Cytherocopina (1)
  - Brachiopoda
    - Articulata
      - Terebratulida
        
        Terebratulina (2)
  - Bryozoa (1)
  - Cnidaria
    - Anthozoa
      - Zoantharia
        
        Tabulata (1)
  - Echinodermata
    - Asterozoa
      - Stelleroidea
        
        Asteroidea (1)
  - Mollusca
    - Bivalvia
      - Heterodonta
        
        Veneroida
        
        Astartidae
        
        Astarte (1)
        
        Veneridae
        
        Chione (1)
        
        Mercenaria (1)
      - Mytilus
        
        Mytilus edulis (1)
      - Ostreoidea
        
        Ostreidae
        
        Crassostrea
        
        Crassostrea virginica (1)
    - Gastropoda
      - Naticidae (1)
  - Porifera (2)
  - Protista
    - Foraminifera (7)
    - Radiolaria (2)
  - Vermes (1)
- isostasy (1)
- isotopes
  - radioactive isotopes
    - C-14 (1)
    - Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
    - Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
  - stable isotopes
    - C-13/C-12 (3)
    - D/H (1)
    - Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
    - N-15/N-14 (1)
    - O-18/O-16 (5)
    - Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
    - Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
    - S-34/S-32 (2)
    - Sr-87/Sr-86 (4)
- land use (1)
- lava (1)
- lineation (1)
- magmas (11)
- mantle (21)
- maps (8)
- marine geology (4)
- Mediterranean region (4)
- Mediterranean Sea
  - East Mediterranean
    - Adriatic Sea (1)
    - Aegean Sea (1)
- Mesozoic
  - Cretaceous
    - Lower Cretaceous
      - Aptian (1)
    - Upper Cretaceous
      - K-T boundary (2)
  - Franciscan Complex (2)
  - Jurassic
    - Middle Jurassic
      - Callovian (1)
    - Rajmahal Series (1)
  - lower Mesozoic (1)
  - Triassic
    - Lower Triassic
      - Bunter
        
        Voltzia Sandstone (1)
      - Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
      - Thaynes Formation (1)
    - Nicola Group (2)
    - Upper Triassic
      - Norian (1)
- metal ores
  - base metals (2)
  - copper ores (4)
  - gold ores (9)
  - iron ores (1)
  - lead ores (4)
  - lead-zinc deposits (1)
  - mercury ores (1)
  - molybdenum ores (1)
  - nickel ores (2)
  - platinum ores (2)
  - polymetallic ores (3)
  - silver ores (2)
  - strontium ores (1)
  - uranium ores (1)
  - zinc ores (4)
- metals
  - alkaline earth metals
    - barium (1)
    - magnesium (2)
    - strontium
      - Sr-87/Sr-86 (4)
  - germanium (2)
  - hafnium
    - Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
  - iron (2)
  - lead
    - Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
    - Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
  - platinum group
    - iridium (1)
    - platinum ores (2)
  - rare earths (4)
- metamorphic rocks
  - eclogite (3)
  - gneisses
    - orthogneiss (1)
    - paragneiss (1)
  - granulites
    - kinzigite (1)
  - metaigneous rocks
    - serpentinite (2)
  - metasedimentary rocks
    - paragneiss (1)
  - metasomatic rocks
    - serpentinite (2)
    - skarn (1)
  - metavolcanic rocks (2)
  - mylonites
    - pseudotachylite (1)
  - schists (1)
- metamorphism (12)
- metasomatism (5)
- meteorites (1)
- Mexico
  - Baja California (1)
  - Colorado River delta (2)
  - Sierra Madre Occidental (1)
  - Zacatecas Mexico (1)
- mineral deposits, genesis (12)
- mineral exploration (6)
- mineral resources (6)
- minerals (1)
- nitrogen
  - N-15/N-14 (1)
- nodules (1)
- North America
  - Appalachians
    - Blue Ridge Mountains (1)
    - Northern Appalachians (1)
    - Piedmont (1)
    - Southern Appalachians (1)
  - Basin and Range Province
    - Great Basin (5)
  - Belt Basin (1)
  - Canadian Shield
    - Churchill Province
      - Hearne Province (1)
    - Grenville Province (1)
    - Slave Province (2)
    - Superior Province
      - Abitibi Belt (1)
      - Wawa Belt (1)
  - Denali Fault (1)
  - Keweenawan Rift (1)
  - Michigan Basin (1)
  - North American Cordillera
    - Canadian Cordillera (5)
  - North American Craton (3)
  - Ogilvie Mountains (1)
  - Okanagan Valley (2)
  - Peninsular Ranges Batholith (1)
  - Rocky Mountains
    - Central Rocky Mountains (2)
    - Northern Rocky Mountains (1)
    - U. S. Rocky Mountains
      - Bighorn Mountains (1)
      - Uinta Mountains (1)
      - Wasatch Range (1)
  - Saint Lawrence Valley (1)
  - Shuswap Complex (3)
  - Tintina Fault (1)
  - Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (1)
  - Western Interior (1)
  - Williston Basin (1)
  - Yukon-Tanana Terrane (1)
- Northern Hemisphere (3)
- ocean basins (5)
- ocean floors (3)
- Oceania
  - Melanesia (1)
- oceanography (3)
- oil and gas fields (2)
- orogeny (33)
- oxygen
  - O-18/O-16 (5)
- Pacific Coast (1)
- Pacific Ocean
  - East Pacific
    - Northeast Pacific
      - Gulf of California (2)
    - Peru-Chile Trench (1)
  - North Pacific
    - Northeast Pacific
      - Gulf of California (2)
    - Northwest Pacific
      - Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
      - Mariana Trough (1)
  - West Pacific
    - Northwest Pacific
      - Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
      - Mariana Trough (1)
    - Ontong Java Plateau (1)
    - Sunda Shelf (1)
- Pacific region (1)
- paleoclimatology (2)
- paleoecology (13)
- paleogeography (27)
- paleomagnetism (10)
- paleontology (10)
- Paleozoic
  - Cambrian
    - Lower Cambrian
      - Zabriskie Quartzite (1)
    - Middle Cambrian
      - Burgess Shale (1)
  - Carboniferous
    - Mississippian (3)
    - Pennsylvanian
      - Minturn Formation (1)
    - Upper Carboniferous (1)
  - Casper Formation (1)
  - Chattanooga Shale (1)
  - Devonian
    - Lower Devonian (1)
    - Middle Devonian
      - Nahanni Formation (1)
      - Sulphur Point Formation (1)
    - Slave Point Formation (1)
    - Upper Devonian
      - Famennian (1)
      - Frasnian
        
        Leduc Formation (1)
  - Knox Group (1)
  - lower Paleozoic
    - Wilmington Complex (1)
  - New Albany Shale (1)
  - Ordovician
    - Lower Ordovician (1)
    - Meguma Group (1)
    - Middle Ordovician
      - Stones River Group (1)
    - Upper Ordovician
      - Ashgillian (1)
      - Hirnantian (1)
      - Red River Formation (2)
  - Permian
    - Ecca Group (1)
    - Lower Permian
      - Qixia Formation (1)
    - Middle Permian (1)
    - Upper Permian
      - Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
  - Silurian
    - Lockport Formation (1)
    - Lower Silurian
      - Tuscarora Formation (1)
    - Middle Silurian (2)
    - Niagaran (1)
  - upper Paleozoic (5)
- palynomorphs
  - megaspores (1)
  - miospores
    - pollen (1)
- paragenesis (3)
- permafrost (1)
- petroleum
  - natural gas (6)
- petrology (17)
- Phanerozoic (246)
- planetology (1)
- Plantae
  - algae
    - Chlorophyta
      - Chlorophyceae
        
        Dasycladaceae (2)
    - diatoms (1)
    - nannofossils (4)
  - Pteridophyta
    - Filicopsida
      - Azolla (1)
- plate tectonics (63)
- potash (1)
- Precambrian
  - Archean
    - Neoarchean (3)
  - Eocambrian (1)
  - Hadean (1)
  - Nonesuch Shale (1)
  - Transvaal Supergroup (1)
  - upper Precambrian
    - Proterozoic
      - Damara System (1)
      - Huronian (1)
      - Mesoproterozoic
        
        Belt Supergroup (2)
      - Neoproterozoic
        
        Cryogenian (1)
        
        Ediacaran (3)
        
        Riphean (1)
      - Paleoproterozoic (5)
- problematic fossils (1)
- reclamation (1)
- Red Sea region (1)
- reefs (7)
- remote sensing (2)
- reservoirs (1)