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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
pesticides
Adsorption of atrazine and paraquat on montmorillonite loaded with layered double hydroxide and active site energy distribution analysis Available to Purchase
Insights into Glyphosate Adsorption in Aqueous Solutions Using Zn-Al Layered Double Oxide Available to Purchase
Transfer of water and contaminants in the Chalk unsaturated zone – underground quarry of Saint-Martin-le-Nœud Open Access
Abstract The aim of this study is to understand the water and contaminant (nitrate and atrazine) transfer in the unsaturated zone (UZ) of Chalk. For this, the underground quarry of Saint-Martin-le-Nœud is an exceptional site because it permits entry to the aquifer at the limit between the UZ and the saturated zone (SZ). It provides direct access to the water table: underground lakes and the output of the UZ (percolation water at the ceiling). The thicknesses of the UZ and the clay-with-flints (CwF) layer that overlie the Chalk, vary along the 1200 m length of the quarry. From 2012, the chemical evolution and the flow variability of groundwater are characterized for 16 sites with different UZ properties. Chalk groundwater has highly spatially variable hydrodynamic behaviour and geochemical properties. A peak of contaminants is observed in the UZ around 15–20 m depth, with differing behaviours of nitrate and atrazine. The downward matrix water velocity is estimated to be from 0.3 to over 0.72 m a −1 , and the water table is mainly composed of ‘old’ water resulting from transfer through the matrix. A thick CwF layer modifies (1) the transfer processes: surface water is stored in a sort of ‘near-surface perched groundwater’, the infiltration is concentrated by preferential pathways; and (2) water quality: pesticides degradation processes occur in the perched groundwater.
Impact of Leachate Percolation on Groundwater Quality near the Bandhwari Landfill Site Gurugram, India Available to Purchase
Health Risk Assessment of Gurdaspur, Punjab, India Using Field Experiments and GIS: A Groundwater Perspective Available to Purchase
Halogens: Salts of the Earth Available to Purchase
Groundwater Resource Scenario and Challenges in India Available to Purchase
Synthesis and Characterization of Al-Pillared Bentonite for Remediation of Chlorinated Pesticide-Contaminated Water Available to Purchase
Emerging contaminants in groundwater, karst, and the Edwards (Balcones Fault Zone) Aquifer Available to Purchase
ABSTRACT Karst aquifers have hydrogeologic characteristics that render them uniquely vulnerable to contamination from emerging contaminants (ECs). ECs comprise numerous chemical groups, including pharmaceuticals, personal-care products, flame retardants, perfluorinated and polyfluorinated compounds, nanoparticles, and microplastics. Many ECs have sources, transport pathways, and chemical characteristics that facilitate their infiltration into groundwater, either indirectly from surface water or directly from sources such as landfill leachate and septic systems. What little is known about the occurrence, fate, and transport of ECs in the Edwards (Balcones Fault Zone) Aquifer indicates that the aquifer might be increasingly vulnerable to this type of contamination. The natural physical characteristics of this karst aquifer and anthropogenic sources of ECs associated with increased urbanization in central Texas contribute to this vulnerability. In this chapter, we review groups of ECs and their sources, occurrence of ECs in groundwater and karst, and current knowledge about the occurrence of ECs in the Edwards Aquifer. We conclude by discussing specific factors, such as rapid flow and contaminant sources, that contribute to the vulnerability of the Edwards Aquifer to contamination by ECs.
Metolachlor dense non-aqueous phase liquid source conditions and plume attenuation in a dolostone water supply aquifer Available to Purchase
Abstract This paper reports a long-term field investigation of a fractured dolostone aquifer that was penetrated by a dense non-aqueous phase liquid. High-resolution source zone characterization shows the evolution of deep penetration to the back-diffusion conditions seen at the present day. Metolachlor, a common herbicide, was released into the overburden overlying a fractured dolostone aquifer within a short time window (1978–81). In 2000, the plume front arrived at a municipal supply well located 930 m down-gradient, increasing to a maximum concentration of 2 μg l −1 . Groundwater monitoring with high-resolution, depth-discrete multi-level sampling systems since 1992 shows a clearly delineated bedrock plume. Numerous rock core samples show metolachlor in the low-permeability rock matrix at the bottom of the aquifer. The mass distribution and bedrock hydraulic head pattern strongly suggest that metolachlor entered the bedrock as a free-phase dense non-aqueous phase liquid penetrating to the aquifer bottom, preferentially accumulating in some horizontal fractures, dissolving quickly as a result of the rapid groundwater flow and then diffusing into the rock matrix, where back-diffusion sustains a dilute, persistent and stable plume. Strong plume retardation by matrix diffusion and sorption has greatly mitigated the impact on water quality in the down-gradient supply well, allowing for its continued use, while back-diffusion and degradation maintain a persistent, dilute plume managed by appropriate monitoring.
ION ADSORPTION AT CLAY-MINERAL SURFACES: THE HOFMEISTER SERIES FOR HYDRATED SMECTITE MINERALS Available to Purchase
X-ray CT-Derived Soil Characteristics Explain Varying Air, Water, and Solute Transport Properties across a Loamy Field Available to Purchase
Effects of Single Rainfall Events on Leaching of Glyphosate and Bentazone on Two Different Soil Types, using the DAISY Model Available to Purchase
MINERAL MATTERS Available to Purchase
Leaching of Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid from an Agricultural Field over a Twelve-Year Period Available to Purchase
Simulation of Fumigant Transport and Volatilization from Tarped Broadcast Applications Available to Purchase
Sensitivity Analysis of Soil Fumigant Transport and Volatilization to the Atmosphere Available to Purchase
Assessing sedimentation issues within aging flood-control reservoirs Available to Purchase
Abstract Flood-control reservoirs designed and built by federal agencies have been extremely effective in reducing the ravages of floods nationwide. Yet some structures are being removed for a variety of reasons, while others are aging rapidly and require either rehabilitation or decommissioning. The focus of the paper is to summarize collaborative research activities to assess sedimentation issues within aging flood-control reservoirs and to provide guidance on such tools and technologies. Ten flood-control reservoirs located in Oklahoma, Mississippi, and Wisconsin have been examined using vibracoring, stratigraphic, geochronologic, geophysical, chemical, and geochemical techniques and analyses. These techniques and analyses facilitated: (1) the demarcation of the pre-reservoir sediment horizon within the deposited reservoir sediment, (2) definition of the textural and stratigraphic characteristics of the sediment over time and space, (3) the accurate determination of the remaining reservoir storage capacity, (4) the quantification of sediment quality with respect to agrichemicals and environmentally important trace elements over both time and space, and (5) the determination of geochemical conditions within the deposited sediment and the potential mobility of associated elements. The techniques employed and discussed here have proven to be successful in the assessment of sediment deposited within aging flood-control reservoirs, and it is envisioned that these same approaches could be adopted by federal agencies as part of their national reservoir management programs.