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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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East Africa
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Ethiopia (1)
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Asia
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Far East
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China (1)
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Indonesia
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Sumatra (1)
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Southeast Asia (1)
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Russian Federation
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Orenburg Russian Federation (1)
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Urals
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Southern Urals (1)
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developing countries (2)
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Europe
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Orenburg Russian Federation (1)
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United States
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California
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Riverside County California (1)
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Florida
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Biscayne Aquifer (1)
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Miami-Dade County Florida (1)
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Tennessee
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Oak Ridge National Laboratory (1)
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commodities
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metal ores (1)
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mineral exploration (1)
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water resources (1)
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elements, isotopes
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chlorine
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metals
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arsenic (1)
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mercury (1)
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fossils
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Invertebrata
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Protista (1)
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minerals
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halides
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fluorides (1)
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silicates
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asbestos (1)
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framework silicates
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zeolite group
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clinoptilolite (1)
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sheet silicates
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clay minerals
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kaolinite (1)
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montmorillonite (1)
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smectite (1)
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vermiculite (1)
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serpentine group
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chrysotile (1)
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Primary terms
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Africa
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East Africa
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Ethiopia (1)
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Asia
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Far East
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China (1)
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Indonesia
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Sumatra (1)
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-
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Southeast Asia (1)
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bacteria
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coliform bacteria
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Escherichia
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Escherichia coli (1)
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bibliography (1)
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clay mineralogy (2)
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crystal structure (1)
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data processing (2)
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Europe
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Orenburg Russian Federation (1)
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geophysical methods (1)
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Invertebrata
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Protista (1)
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metal ores (1)
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metals
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arsenic (1)
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mercury (1)
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mineral exploration (1)
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pollution (10)
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sedimentary rocks
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carbonate rocks
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limestone (1)
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sedimentary structures
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sediments
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sand (1)
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soils (6)
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United States
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California
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Riverside County California (1)
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Florida
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Biscayne Aquifer (1)
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Miami-Dade County Florida (1)
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Tennessee
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Oak Ridge National Laboratory (1)
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water resources (1)
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sedimentary rocks
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sedimentary rocks
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carbonate rocks
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limestone (1)
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sedimentary structures
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sedimentary structures
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planar bedding structures
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bedding (1)
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sediments
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sediments
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clastic sediments
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clay (1)
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sand (1)
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soils
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Histosols (1)
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soils (6)
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pathogens
Characterization and assessment of the potential toxicity/pathogenicity of Russian commercial chrysotile
Interpretation of regional-scale distribution of high Hg in soils of karst area in southwest China
SECURING THE FUTURE: CLAY-BASED SOLUTIONS FOR A COMPREHENSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE POTABLE-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
Critical Role of Preferential Flow in Field-Scale Pathogen Transport and Retention
Low-tech waste stabilization ponds in the service of the global poor: The W.A.S.T.E. program
Earth systems, when understood and respected, have the intrinsic capability to be instrumental for sustainable international development. If applied wisely without sophisticated technology, natural processes themselves can serve to sustain and prosper life in specific situations. Global initiatives to provide safe surface and groundwater are booming, but a parallel emphasis on sustainable sanitation is lagging, leaving 2.5 billion people without access to improved sanitation. Many technically sophisticated sanitation systems exist but are beyond the means of those same billions. The Water and Sewage Transformation Endeavor (W.A.S.T.E.) is a program at Wheaton College (Wheaton, Illinois) bringing together undergraduate students and faculty from various natural and social sciences to address the global need for improved sanitation. The goal of the program is to develop a low-tech wastewater treatment system for the Global South and beyond. A laboratory-scale waste stabilization pond system was constructed and studied to compare its effectiveness at reducing biological oxygen demand (BOD), as an indicator of pathogen disinfection, by varying light intensity, temperature, and detention time. The system with the highest light intensity and temperature and longest detention time performed the best, achieving 95% total BOD reduction. The project time line includes phase 1 indoor experimentation, phase 2 installation and operation of an outdoor pilot system, and the final phase 3 development of training programs for deployment of the technology into areas of need. The overall program has already proven to be an excellent educational opportunity for undergraduate students. It will ideally benefit many other student practitioners, and local trainees at candidate sites.