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Research on the Attenuation Characteristics of Frequency Domain Parameters in Different Rock Medium
Magma mixing between rhyolite and pseudotachylite as the origin for the Glencoe ‘flinty crush rock’
Study of the Effect of Drying and Wetting Cycles and Water Content on the Shear Characteristics of Tailing Sands
Diversity of Complex Organic Matter in Carbonaceous Chondrites, IDPs, and UCAMMs
Preparation and Application of Laponite®-Based Amphiphilic Janus Nanosheets for Enhanced Oil Recovery
Sulfide Ore Formation of the Kalatongke Ni-Cu Deposit as Illustrated by Sulfide Textures
ABSTRACT Multisensor track measurements are a nondestructive method to produce continuously measured high-resolution physical property data sets that are a great asset to a wide range of research, including geotechnical studies and paleoceanography. Interpretation of these physical property data can be challenging because they are typically influenced by multiple variables. This paper specifically focuses on the interpretation of gamma-ray attenuation (GRA) data (a proxy for sediment bulk density) in biosiliceous sediments. The Bering Sea is a basin dominated by biosiliceous sediment, and the late Pleistocene to present core record of Sites U1340 and U1339, drilled during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 323, has subtle meter-scale changes in the concentration of fine-grained siliciclastic sediment that produce lithologic alternations between diatom ooze and diatom mud. We produced a detailed sedimentologic data set that combined smear slide petrography, scanning electron microscopy, and grain-size analysis for both Sites U1340 and U1339 and correlated it to shipboard GRA bulk density measurements. Results show that bulk density is negatively correlated with diatom abundance and positively correlated with the fragmentation of diatom valves. This study argues that diatom abundance and fragmentation influence sediment packing and drive down-core variability in GRA bulk density. Therefore, denser diatom mud is a result of tightly packed, highly fragmented diatom valves, and diatom ooze is a less dense sediment dominated by whole and less fragmented diatom valves. We suggest that GRA data can be used as a proxy for diatom abundance and an indicator of diatom fragmentation. We include a discussion of how these results may impact the interpretation of ancient bedded siliceous rocks.
Abstract We investigated the origin of marine sediments and their transfer by water currents using the spatial distribution patterns of multi-elements in terrestrial and marine areas of Kyushu, western Japan. Quaternary volcanic material covers Cretaceous granitic rock and Jurassic–Paleogene sedimentary rock of an accretionary complex in this region. Cluster analysis based on chemical compositions identified the origin of marine sediments from stream sediments originating from the above lithologies. Pyroclastic-flow deposits associated with caldera formation, particularly that of the Kikai Caldera (7.3 ka), were characterized by low Cr/Ti and La/Yb ratios. In contrast, the La/Yb ratio was very high in sediments derived from granitic rock and sedimentary rock of the accretionary complex. The spatial distributions of low Cr/Ti and La/Yb ratios suggest that marine sediments containing pyroclastic materials, which are found within an 80 km radius of the Kikai Caldera, were distributed on the shelf and transported northeastwards by a branch of the Kuroshio Current. The continuous distribution of the medium Cr/Ti and high La/Yb ratios from the land to the coast, slope and deep basin on the Pacific Ocean side suggests that sediments supplied from the terrestrial area were transferred by gravitational transport from the shelf to the deep basin.