Update search
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Congo Democratic Republic
-
Shaba Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
-
Congo Craton (1)
-
East Africa
-
Sudan (1)
-
Zambia (1)
-
-
Madagascar (2)
-
North Africa
-
Algeria
-
Ahaggar (1)
-
Great Kabylia (1)
-
-
Egypt (1)
-
Morocco
-
Rif (1)
-
-
-
Sahara (1)
-
Southern Africa
-
Kalahari Craton (1)
-
Namaqualand (1)
-
Namaqualand metamorphic complex (1)
-
Namibia
-
Kaoko Belt (2)
-
-
Orange River (2)
-
South Africa
-
KwaZulu-Natal South Africa (1)
-
Vaal River (1)
-
-
Swaziland (1)
-
-
West Africa
-
Nigeria (1)
-
-
West African Shield (2)
-
-
Alexander Terrane (2)
-
Alpine Fault (1)
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic Peninsula (1)
-
East Antarctica (3)
-
Larsemann Hills (1)
-
Marie Byrd Land (1)
-
Transantarctic Mountains (1)
-
Victoria Land
-
McMurdo dry valleys (1)
-
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Canada Basin (1)
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (4)
-
Godthabsfjord (2)
-
Isua Belt (1)
-
West Greenland (3)
-
-
Russian Arctic
-
Wrangel Island (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Oman (1)
-
-
Brahmaputra River (1)
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (1)
-
-
-
Pamirs (1)
-
-
Chukotka Russian Federation
-
Chukchi Peninsula (2)
-
-
Far East
-
China
-
Dabie Mountains (1)
-
Donghai China (1)
-
Fujian China (1)
-
Kunlun Mountains (1)
-
North China Platform (3)
-
Qilian Mountains (2)
-
South China Block (1)
-
Sulu Terrane (1)
-
Tarim Platform (2)
-
Xizang China
-
Gangdese Belt (1)
-
Lhasa Block (3)
-
-
-
Korea
-
South Korea
-
Gyeonggi Massif (1)
-
-
-
Malay Peninsula (1)
-
Mongolia (1)
-
Sino-Korean Platform (1)
-
Taiwan (2)
-
Thailand (1)
-
-
Himalayas
-
High Himalayan Crystallines (2)
-
Lesser Himalayas (1)
-
Nanga Parbat (1)
-
Zanskar Range (1)
-
-
Hindu Kush (1)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
Bhutan (3)
-
India
-
Bundelkhand (1)
-
Ghats
-
Eastern Ghats (1)
-
-
Madhya Pradesh India (1)
-
Maharashtra India (1)
-
Rajasthan India
-
Aravalli Range (2)
-
Mangalwar Complex (1)
-
-
Southern Granulite Terrain (1)
-
Tamil Nadu India (1)
-
-
Jammu and Kashmir
-
Kashmir (1)
-
Ladakh (1)
-
Nanga Parbat (1)
-
-
Kohistan (1)
-
Nepal (5)
-
Pakistan (6)
-
-
Karakoram (4)
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Magadan Russian Federation (1)
-
Main Central Thrust (1)
-
Middle East
-
Iran
-
Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (1)
-
-
Turkey
-
Anatolia (3)
-
Lycian Taurus (1)
-
Menderes Massif (2)
-
-
-
Omolon Block (1)
-
Omolon River (1)
-
Qiangtang Terrane (1)
-
Sayan (1)
-
Siberia (1)
-
Siberian Platform
-
Yenisei Ridge (1)
-
-
Tibetan Plateau (2)
-
Tien Shan (2)
-
Wrangel Island (1)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Bay of Biscay (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Shetland Islands (2)
-
-
Atlantic region (1)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Giles Complex (1)
-
Musgrave Block (2)
-
Western Australia (2)
-
-
New Zealand
-
Southland New Zealand
-
Fiordland (6)
-
Fiordland National Park (3)
-
-
-
-
Avalon Zone (2)
-
Bethel Quadrangle (1)
-
Blue Mountains (1)
-
Caledonides (7)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick (1)
-
Nova Scotia
-
Cape Breton Island (1)
-
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Labrador
-
Nain Massif (1)
-
Voisey's Bay Deposit (4)
-
-
Newfoundland (10)
-
-
Ontario
-
Muskoka District Ontario (2)
-
Nipissing District Ontario
-
North Bay Ontario (1)
-
-
Parry Sound District Ontario (1)
-
-
Quebec
-
Lac-Saint-Jean-Ouest County Quebec (1)
-
Morin Complex (1)
-
Portneuf County Quebec (1)
-
Saint-Maurice County Quebec (1)
-
-
-
Nunavut (2)
-
Stikinia Terrane (1)
-
Torngat Mountains (1)
-
Western Canada
-
Athabasca Basin (3)
-
British Columbia
-
Cariboo Mountains (1)
-
Omineca Mountains (1)
-
Vancouver Island (1)
-
-
Canadian Cordillera (9)
-
Canadian Rocky Mountains (2)
-
Manitoba
-
Flin Flon Manitoba (1)
-
Thompson nickel belt (1)
-
-
Northwest Territories (1)
-
Saskatchewan
-
Wollaston Lake Belt (2)
-
-
Yukon Territory (4)
-
-
-
Cascade Range (3)
-
Central Cordillera (1)
-
Coast Mountains (2)
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (1)
-
-
-
Russian Federation
-
Central Urals (1)
-
Chelyabinsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Chukotka Russian Federation
-
Chukchi Peninsula (2)
-
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Magadan Russian Federation (1)
-
Omolon Block (1)
-
Omolon River (1)
-
Russian Arctic
-
Wrangel Island (1)
-
-
Siberian Platform
-
Yenisei Ridge (1)
-
-
-
Urals
-
Central Urals (1)
-
-
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Central Alps (1)
-
Eastern Alps
-
Austroalpine Zone (1)
-
-
Piedmont Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (2)
-
-
Western Alps
-
Cottian Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (2)
-
-
Maritime Alps
-
Argentera Massif (1)
-
-
Mont Blanc (1)
-
Savoy Alps (1)
-
-
-
Carpathians
-
Slovakian Carpathians (1)
-
Western Carpathians (1)
-
-
Central Europe
-
Austria (2)
-
Bohemian Massif (7)
-
Czech Republic
-
Bohemia (1)
-
Czech Erzgebirge (1)
-
Czech Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
Erzgebirge
-
Czech Erzgebirge (1)
-
-
Fichtelgebirge (1)
-
Germany (2)
-
Poland
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
Slovakia
-
Slovakian Carpathians (1)
-
Veporides (1)
-
-
Sudeten Mountains
-
Czech Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Fennoscandian Shield (1)
-
Pyrenees
-
French Pyrenees (2)
-
-
Snieznik (1)
-
Somes Basin (1)
-
Southern Europe
-
Greece
-
Greek Aegean Islands
-
Cyclades (2)
-
-
Greek Macedonia
-
Chalkidiki (1)
-
-
Greek Thrace
-
Rhodope Greece (1)
-
-
Hellenides (2)
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Central Iberian Zone (1)
-
Iberian Massif (3)
-
Ossa-Morena Zone (1)
-
Portugal (1)
-
Spain
-
Andalusia Spain
-
Malaguide Complex (1)
-
Nevado-Filabride Complex (2)
-
Spanish Sierra Nevada (2)
-
-
Betic Cordillera
-
Spanish Sierra Nevada (2)
-
-
Betic Zone (1)
-
Galicia Spain (2)
-
Iberian Mountains (1)
-
Madrid Spain (1)
-
Sierra de Guadarrama (1)
-
-
-
Italy
-
Piemonte Italy
-
Dora Maira Massif (2)
-
Sesia Zone (1)
-
-
Sardinia Italy (3)
-
Sicily Italy
-
Peloritani Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Macedonia
-
Greek Macedonia
-
Chalkidiki (1)
-
-
-
Rhodope Mountains (2)
-
Romania
-
Apuseni Mountains (1)
-
-
Serbo-Macedonian Massif (1)
-
-
Thrace
-
Greek Thrace
-
Rhodope Greece (1)
-
-
-
Variscides (8)
-
Western Europe
-
Cottian Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (2)
-
-
France
-
Alpes-Maritimes France (1)
-
Ariege France (1)
-
Armorican Massif (5)
-
Brittany (2)
-
Central Massif
-
Montagne Noire (3)
-
-
Cher France (1)
-
Corsica (1)
-
Cotes-d'Armor France (1)
-
French Pyrenees (2)
-
Haute-Savoie France
-
Savoy Alps (1)
-
-
Limousin (5)
-
Loire-Atlantique France (1)
-
Maine-et-Loire France (2)
-
Pas-de-Calais France (1)
-
Seine-Maritime France (1)
-
Somme France (1)
-
Var France
-
Maures Massif (1)
-
-
Vendee France (2)
-
-
Iceland (1)
-
Ireland
-
Galway Ireland (1)
-
Mayo Ireland (1)
-
-
Maritime Alps
-
Argentera Massif (1)
-
-
Scandinavia
-
Norway
-
Bergen Norway (1)
-
Nordland Norway
-
Lofoten Islands (1)
-
-
Northern Norway (2)
-
Soroy (1)
-
Vesteralen (1)
-
-
Sweden (3)
-
Western Gneiss region (2)
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
Scotland
-
Hebrides
-
Inner Hebrides (1)
-
-
Highland region Scotland
-
Sutherland Scotland
-
Scourie Scotland (1)
-
-
-
Shetland Islands (2)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Georgian Bay (1)
-
Granite Mountains (1)
-
Indian Ocean
-
Naturaliste Plateau (1)
-
-
Indian Ocean Islands
-
Madagascar (2)
-
-
Marcy Massif (1)
-
Mediterranean region
-
Aegean Islands
-
Greek Aegean Islands
-
Cyclades (2)
-
-
-
-
Mexico
-
Sinaloa Mexico (1)
-
Sonora Mexico (1)
-
-
North America
-
Appalachians
-
Blue Ridge Province (2)
-
Northern Appalachians (1)
-
Piedmont (1)
-
Southern Appalachians (1)
-
-
Basin and Range Province
-
Great Basin (1)
-
-
Canadian Shield
-
Churchill Province
-
Rae Province (3)
-
-
Flin Flon Belt (1)
-
Grenville Province
-
Central Gneiss Belt (5)
-
Central Metasedimentary Belt (2)
-
-
Nain Province (2)
-
Slave Province (1)
-
Superior Province
-
Abitibi Belt (1)
-
-
-
Great Lakes region (1)
-
Grenville Front (2)
-
Intermontane Belt (1)
-
Lake of the Woods (1)
-
North American Cordillera
-
Canadian Cordillera (9)
-
-
Okanagan Valley (1)
-
Omineca Belt (4)
-
Rocky Mountain Trench (1)
-
Rocky Mountains
-
Canadian Rocky Mountains (2)
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
-
Laramie Mountains (1)
-
Wind River Range (1)
-
-
-
Shuswap Complex (2)
-
Transcontinental Arch (1)
-
Yukon River (1)
-
Yukon-Tanana Terrane (3)
-
Yukon-Tanana Upland (4)
-
-
Owens Valley (1)
-
Pacific region (1)
-
Pioneer Mountains (1)
-
Queen Charlotte Fault (1)
-
Ruby Mountains (2)
-
Sierra Nevada (2)
-
Snake Range (1)
-
South America
-
Amazon River (1)
-
Andes
-
Eastern Cordillera (1)
-
-
Brazil
-
Borborema Province (1)
-
Goias Brazil (1)
-
Rio Grande do Norte Brazil (1)
-
Santa Catarina Brazil (1)
-
Tocantins River region (1)
-
-
Colombia
-
Magdalena River (1)
-
-
Dom Feliciano Belt (1)
-
Orinoco River (1)
-
Patagonia (2)
-
Peru (2)
-
Uruguay (1)
-
-
South Island (8)
-
South Mountain (1)
-
Southern Ocean
-
Prydz Bay (1)
-
-
United States
-
Alaska
-
Alaska Range (1)
-
Goodnews Bay Quadrangle (1)
-
Mount Hayes Quadrangle (1)
-
Seward Peninsula (3)
-
Tanacross Quadrangle (1)
-
-
Atlantic Coastal Plain (1)
-
California
-
Central California (1)
-
Tuolumne County California (1)
-
-
Connecticut
-
Fairfield County Connecticut (1)
-
-
Dunbarton Basin (1)
-
Eastern California shear zone (1)
-
Great Basin (1)
-
Great Smoky Mountains (1)
-
Idaho
-
Adams County Idaho (3)
-
Canyon County Idaho (1)
-
Gem County Idaho (1)
-
Idaho County Idaho (3)
-
Owyhee County Idaho (1)
-
Shoshone County Idaho (2)
-
Valley County Idaho (3)
-
-
Idaho Batholith (2)
-
Kentucky (1)
-
Maryland (1)
-
Midcontinent (1)
-
Nevada
-
Carlin Trend (1)
-
Elko County Nevada
-
East Humboldt Range (3)
-
-
Pershing County Nevada
-
Humboldt Range (1)
-
-
White Pine County Nevada (2)
-
-
New Mexico
-
Luna County New Mexico
-
Florida Mountains (1)
-
-
-
New York
-
Adirondack Mountains (1)
-
Essex County New York (1)
-
-
North Carolina (1)
-
Ohio (1)
-
Owyhee Mountains (1)
-
Sevier orogenic belt (2)
-
South Carolina
-
Savannah River Site (1)
-
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
-
Laramie Mountains (1)
-
Wind River Range (1)
-
-
Virginia
-
Pittsylvania County Virginia (1)
-
-
Washington
-
Chelan County Washington (1)
-
Okanogan County Washington (1)
-
Skagit County Washington (1)
-
Snohomish County Washington (1)
-
Whatcom County Washington (2)
-
-
Wyoming
-
Albany County Wyoming (1)
-
Fremont County Wyoming (1)
-
Natrona County Wyoming (1)
-
Platte County Wyoming (1)
-
Wind River Range (1)
-
-
Wyoming Province (1)
-
-
Zealandia (4)
-
-
commodities
-
construction materials
-
building stone (1)
-
-
graphite deposits (1)
-
metal ores
-
bismuth ores (1)
-
cobalt ores (3)
-
copper ores (8)
-
gold ores (6)
-
iron ores (2)
-
nickel ores (8)
-
platinum ores (2)
-
rare earth deposits (1)
-
uranium ores (3)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (13)
-
mineral exploration (8)
-
mineral resources (2)
-
ornamental materials (1)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (3)
-
-
chemical ratios (3)
-
halogens
-
chlorine (2)
-
fluorine (2)
-
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (2)
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
isotope ratios (41)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
Pb-210 (1)
-
Po-210 (1)
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
Ra-228 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
Rn-222 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
Th-232 (1)
-
U-238 (1)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
U-238/U-235 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (3)
-
D/H (2)
-
deuterium (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (11)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (18)
-
O-18/O-16 (11)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (20)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
-
large-ion lithophile elements (1)
-
Lu/Hf (12)
-
metals
-
actinides
-
thorium
-
Th-232 (1)
-
-
uranium
-
U-238 (1)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
U-238/U-235 (1)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
potassium (1)
-
rubidium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (1)
-
radium
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
Ra-228 (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (20)
-
-
-
arsenic (1)
-
chromium (1)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (11)
-
-
iron (1)
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
Pb-210 (1)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
nickel (1)
-
niobium (2)
-
platinum group
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
-
platinum ores (2)
-
-
polonium
-
Po-210 (1)
-
-
rare earths
-
cerium (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (18)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
yttrium (1)
-
-
tantalum (1)
-
titanium (2)
-
zirconium (2)
-
-
noble gases
-
radon
-
Rn-222 (1)
-
-
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (11)
-
-
sulfur
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
-
-
geochronology methods
-
(U-Th)/He (2)
-
Ar/Ar (18)
-
fission-track dating (2)
-
K/Ar (8)
-
Lu/Hf (12)
-
Nd/Nd (5)
-
paleomagnetism (1)
-
Pb/Pb (13)
-
Rb/Sr (16)
-
Re/Os (1)
-
Sm/Nd (20)
-
Sr/Sr (1)
-
Th/U (1)
-
thermochronology (5)
-
U/Pb (146)
-
U/Th/Pb (17)
-
uranium disequilibrium (1)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Pleistocene
-
lower Pleistocene (1)
-
-
upper Quaternary (1)
-
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (1)
-
middle Tertiary (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
lower Miocene
-
Aquitanian (1)
-
-
-
Pliocene (2)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
upper Eocene (1)
-
-
Oligocene
-
lower Oligocene (1)
-
upper Oligocene (1)
-
-
Paleocene (1)
-
-
-
-
Dalradian (1)
-
Mesozoic
-
Carrara Marble (1)
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous (7)
-
Middle Cretaceous (1)
-
Tananao Schist (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous (10)
-
-
Jurassic
-
Upper Jurassic (1)
-
-
Triassic
-
Upper Triassic (2)
-
-
-
Moldanubian (1)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Acadian (1)
-
Lower Cambrian (1)
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Furongian (2)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Chilliwack Group (1)
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Dinantian (1)
-
-
Mississippian
-
Lower Mississippian (1)
-
-
Upper Carboniferous (1)
-
-
Devonian
-
Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (1)
-
-
Upper Devonian
-
Famennian (1)
-
-
-
lower Paleozoic (10)
-
middle Paleozoic (2)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician (4)
-
Middle Ordovician (1)
-
Upper Ordovician (2)
-
-
Permian
-
Lower Permian (1)
-
Upper Permian (1)
-
-
Shoo Fly Complex (1)
-
Silurian (8)
-
upper Paleozoic (2)
-
-
Phanerozoic (1)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Mesoarchean (2)
-
Neoarchean
-
Amitsoq Gneiss (1)
-
-
Paleoarchean (5)
-
-
Delhi Supergroup (1)
-
Hadean (1)
-
Kisseynew Complex (1)
-
Lewisian Complex (2)
-
Stirling Quartzite (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Belt Supergroup (3)
-
Laxfordian (1)
-
Missoula Group (2)
-
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Ediacaran (2)
-
Maranon Complex (2)
-
Tonian (2)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Birimian (1)
-
Rhyacian (2)
-
Wollaston Group (1)
-
-
Windermere System (2)
-
-
-
Witwatersrand Supergroup (1)
-
-
Saxothuringian (2)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (1)
-
diabase
-
tholeiitic dolerite (1)
-
-
diorites
-
plagiogranite (1)
-
quartz diorites (3)
-
tonalite (9)
-
trondhjemite (2)
-
-
gabbros
-
norite (1)
-
troctolite (3)
-
-
granites
-
aplite (1)
-
A-type granites (2)
-
charnockite (6)
-
I-type granites (2)
-
leucogranite (7)
-
monzogranite (5)
-
S-type granites (1)
-
two-mica granite (1)
-
-
granodiorites (9)
-
monzodiorite (2)
-
monzonites
-
mangerite (1)
-
-
pegmatite (13)
-
syenites
-
alkali syenites (1)
-
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites (1)
-
pyroxenite
-
garnet pyroxenite (1)
-
websterite (1)
-
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites (1)
-
basalts
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (2)
-
ocean-island basalts (1)
-
-
rhyodacites (1)
-
rhyolites (1)
-
trachytes (2)
-
-
-
ophiolite (2)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (24)
-
cataclasites (1)
-
eclogite (13)
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (10)
-
banded gneiss (1)
-
biotite gneiss (5)
-
granite gneiss (7)
-
orthogneiss (289)
-
paragneiss (36)
-
tonalite gneiss (1)
-
-
granulites (6)
-
marbles (5)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (1)
-
metabasite (4)
-
metadiabase (2)
-
metadiorite (1)
-
metagabbro (2)
-
metagranite (8)
-
metaperidotite (2)
-
metarhyolite (1)
-
serpentinite (1)
-
-
metaplutonic rocks (7)
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metachert (1)
-
metaconglomerate (1)
-
metagraywacke (1)
-
metapelite (6)
-
paragneiss (36)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
serpentinite (1)
-
skarn (2)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (9)
-
migmatites
-
anatexite (1)
-
-
mylonites
-
blastomylonite (1)
-
pseudotachylite (3)
-
ultramylonite (1)
-
-
quartzites (17)
-
schists
-
blueschist (2)
-
greenschist (1)
-
greenstone (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (2)
-
-
minerals
-
carbonates
-
calcite (1)
-
cerussite (1)
-
magnesite (1)
-
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
halite (1)
-
-
-
minerals (3)
-
native elements
-
diamond
-
microdiamond (2)
-
-
graphite (5)
-
-
oxides
-
chrome spinel (1)
-
hematite (2)
-
ilmenite (1)
-
magnetite (2)
-
niobates
-
columbite (1)
-
pyrochlore (1)
-
-
rutile (4)
-
titanium oxides (1)
-
titanomagnetite (1)
-
uraninite (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (8)
-
fluorapatite (1)
-
merrillite (1)
-
monazite (27)
-
xenotime (2)
-
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
aenigmatite group
-
sapphirine (1)
-
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
hornblende (4)
-
-
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
jadeite (2)
-
omphacite (3)
-
-
orthopyroxene (1)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
hyalophane (1)
-
K-feldspar (4)
-
-
barium feldspar
-
hyalophane (1)
-
-
plagioclase (6)
-
-
nepheline group
-
kalsilite (1)
-
-
silica minerals
-
coesite (2)
-
quartz (6)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
garnet group
-
pyrope (1)
-
-
olivine group
-
olivine (1)
-
-
sillimanite (1)
-
titanite group
-
titanite (10)
-
-
zircon group
-
coffinite (1)
-
thorite (1)
-
zircon (133)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
epidote group
-
allanite (1)
-
clinozoisite (1)
-
epidote (1)
-
zoisite (1)
-
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
cordierite (3)
-
tourmaline group
-
schorl (1)
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chlorite (1)
-
clinochlore (1)
-
-
mica group
-
biotite (12)
-
celadonite (1)
-
muscovite (5)
-
phengite (5)
-
phlogopite (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfides
-
bismuthinite (1)
-
bornite (1)
-
chalcopyrite (2)
-
galena (2)
-
iron sulfides (2)
-
joseite (1)
-
molybdenite (1)
-
nickel sulfides (1)
-
pyrite (1)
-
pyrrhotite (1)
-
sphalerite (1)
-
-
sulfosalts
-
sulfobismuthites
-
cosalite (1)
-
gustavite (1)
-
lillianite (1)
-
matildite (1)
-
-
-
tellurides
-
joseite (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (182)
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Congo Democratic Republic
-
Shaba Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
-
Congo Craton (1)
-
East Africa
-
Sudan (1)
-
Zambia (1)
-
-
Madagascar (2)
-
North Africa
-
Algeria
-
Ahaggar (1)
-
Great Kabylia (1)
-
-
Egypt (1)
-
Morocco
-
Rif (1)
-
-
-
Sahara (1)
-
Southern Africa
-
Kalahari Craton (1)
-
Namaqualand (1)
-
Namaqualand metamorphic complex (1)
-
Namibia
-
Kaoko Belt (2)
-
-
Orange River (2)
-
South Africa
-
KwaZulu-Natal South Africa (1)
-
Vaal River (1)
-
-
Swaziland (1)
-
-
West Africa
-
Nigeria (1)
-
-
West African Shield (2)
-
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic Peninsula (1)
-
East Antarctica (3)
-
Larsemann Hills (1)
-
Marie Byrd Land (1)
-
Transantarctic Mountains (1)
-
Victoria Land
-
McMurdo dry valleys (1)
-
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Canada Basin (1)
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (4)
-
Godthabsfjord (2)
-
Isua Belt (1)
-
West Greenland (3)
-
-
Russian Arctic
-
Wrangel Island (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Oman (1)
-
-
Brahmaputra River (1)
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (1)
-
-
-
Pamirs (1)
-
-
Chukotka Russian Federation
-
Chukchi Peninsula (2)
-
-
Far East
-
China
-
Dabie Mountains (1)
-
Donghai China (1)
-
Fujian China (1)
-
Kunlun Mountains (1)
-
North China Platform (3)
-
Qilian Mountains (2)
-
South China Block (1)
-
Sulu Terrane (1)
-
Tarim Platform (2)
-
Xizang China
-
Gangdese Belt (1)
-
Lhasa Block (3)
-
-
-
Korea
-
South Korea
-
Gyeonggi Massif (1)
-
-
-
Malay Peninsula (1)
-
Mongolia (1)
-
Sino-Korean Platform (1)
-
Taiwan (2)
-
Thailand (1)
-
-
Himalayas
-
High Himalayan Crystallines (2)
-
Lesser Himalayas (1)
-
Nanga Parbat (1)
-
Zanskar Range (1)
-
-
Hindu Kush (1)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
Bhutan (3)
-
India
-
Bundelkhand (1)
-
Ghats
-
Eastern Ghats (1)
-
-
Madhya Pradesh India (1)
-
Maharashtra India (1)
-
Rajasthan India
-
Aravalli Range (2)
-
Mangalwar Complex (1)
-
-
Southern Granulite Terrain (1)
-
Tamil Nadu India (1)
-
-
Jammu and Kashmir
-
Kashmir (1)
-
Ladakh (1)
-
Nanga Parbat (1)
-
-
Kohistan (1)
-
Nepal (5)
-
Pakistan (6)
-
-
Karakoram (4)
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Magadan Russian Federation (1)
-
Main Central Thrust (1)
-
Middle East
-
Iran
-
Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (1)
-
-
Turkey
-
Anatolia (3)
-
Lycian Taurus (1)
-
Menderes Massif (2)
-
-
-
Omolon Block (1)
-
Omolon River (1)
-
Qiangtang Terrane (1)
-
Sayan (1)
-
Siberia (1)
-
Siberian Platform
-
Yenisei Ridge (1)
-
-
Tibetan Plateau (2)
-
Tien Shan (2)
-
Wrangel Island (1)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Bay of Biscay (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Shetland Islands (2)
-
-
Atlantic region (1)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Giles Complex (1)
-
Musgrave Block (2)
-
Western Australia (2)
-
-
New Zealand
-
Southland New Zealand
-
Fiordland (6)
-
Fiordland National Park (3)
-
-
-
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick (1)
-
Nova Scotia
-
Cape Breton Island (1)
-
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Labrador
-
Nain Massif (1)
-
Voisey's Bay Deposit (4)
-
-
Newfoundland (10)
-
-
Ontario
-
Muskoka District Ontario (2)
-
Nipissing District Ontario
-
North Bay Ontario (1)
-
-
Parry Sound District Ontario (1)
-
-
Quebec
-
Lac-Saint-Jean-Ouest County Quebec (1)
-
Morin Complex (1)
-
Portneuf County Quebec (1)
-
Saint-Maurice County Quebec (1)
-
-
-
Nunavut (2)
-
Stikinia Terrane (1)
-
Torngat Mountains (1)
-
Western Canada
-
Athabasca Basin (3)
-
British Columbia
-
Cariboo Mountains (1)
-
Omineca Mountains (1)
-
Vancouver Island (1)
-
-
Canadian Cordillera (9)
-
Canadian Rocky Mountains (2)
-
Manitoba
-
Flin Flon Manitoba (1)
-
Thompson nickel belt (1)
-
-
Northwest Territories (1)
-
Saskatchewan
-
Wollaston Lake Belt (2)
-
-
Yukon Territory (4)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (3)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Pleistocene
-
lower Pleistocene (1)
-
-
upper Quaternary (1)
-
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (1)
-
middle Tertiary (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
lower Miocene
-
Aquitanian (1)
-
-
-
Pliocene (2)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
upper Eocene (1)
-
-
Oligocene
-
lower Oligocene (1)
-
upper Oligocene (1)
-
-
Paleocene (1)
-
-
-
-
chemical analysis (1)
-
construction materials
-
building stone (1)
-
-
continental drift (3)
-
crust (66)
-
crystal chemistry (7)
-
crystal growth (3)
-
crystal structure (2)
-
data processing (2)
-
deformation (49)
-
economic geology (3)
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Central Alps (1)
-
Eastern Alps
-
Austroalpine Zone (1)
-
-
Piedmont Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (2)
-
-
Western Alps
-
Cottian Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (2)
-
-
Maritime Alps
-
Argentera Massif (1)
-
-
Mont Blanc (1)
-
Savoy Alps (1)
-
-
-
Carpathians
-
Slovakian Carpathians (1)
-
Western Carpathians (1)
-
-
Central Europe
-
Austria (2)
-
Bohemian Massif (7)
-
Czech Republic
-
Bohemia (1)
-
Czech Erzgebirge (1)
-
Czech Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
Erzgebirge
-
Czech Erzgebirge (1)
-
-
Fichtelgebirge (1)
-
Germany (2)
-
Poland
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
Slovakia
-
Slovakian Carpathians (1)
-
Veporides (1)
-
-
Sudeten Mountains
-
Czech Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Fennoscandian Shield (1)
-
Pyrenees
-
French Pyrenees (2)
-
-
Snieznik (1)
-
Somes Basin (1)
-
Southern Europe
-
Greece
-
Greek Aegean Islands
-
Cyclades (2)
-
-
Greek Macedonia
-
Chalkidiki (1)
-
-
Greek Thrace
-
Rhodope Greece (1)
-
-
Hellenides (2)
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Central Iberian Zone (1)
-
Iberian Massif (3)
-
Ossa-Morena Zone (1)
-
Portugal (1)
-
Spain
-
Andalusia Spain
-
Malaguide Complex (1)
-
Nevado-Filabride Complex (2)
-
Spanish Sierra Nevada (2)
-
-
Betic Cordillera
-
Spanish Sierra Nevada (2)
-
-
Betic Zone (1)
-
Galicia Spain (2)
-
Iberian Mountains (1)
-
Madrid Spain (1)
-
Sierra de Guadarrama (1)
-
-
-
Italy
-
Piemonte Italy
-
Dora Maira Massif (2)
-
Sesia Zone (1)
-
-
Sardinia Italy (3)
-
Sicily Italy
-
Peloritani Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Macedonia
-
Greek Macedonia
-
Chalkidiki (1)
-
-
-
Rhodope Mountains (2)
-
Romania
-
Apuseni Mountains (1)
-
-
Serbo-Macedonian Massif (1)
-
-
Thrace
-
Greek Thrace
-
Rhodope Greece (1)
-
-
-
Variscides (8)
-
Western Europe
-
Cottian Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (2)
-
-
France
-
Alpes-Maritimes France (1)
-
Ariege France (1)
-
Armorican Massif (5)
-
Brittany (2)
-
Central Massif
-
Montagne Noire (3)
-
-
Cher France (1)
-
Corsica (1)
-
Cotes-d'Armor France (1)
-
French Pyrenees (2)
-
Haute-Savoie France
-
Savoy Alps (1)
-
-
Limousin (5)
-
Loire-Atlantique France (1)
-
Maine-et-Loire France (2)
-
Pas-de-Calais France (1)
-
Seine-Maritime France (1)
-
Somme France (1)
-
Var France
-
Maures Massif (1)
-
-
Vendee France (2)
-
-
Iceland (1)
-
Ireland
-
Galway Ireland (1)
-
Mayo Ireland (1)
-
-
Maritime Alps
-
Argentera Massif (1)
-
-
Scandinavia
-
Norway
-
Bergen Norway (1)
-
Nordland Norway
-
Lofoten Islands (1)
-
-
Northern Norway (2)
-
Soroy (1)
-
Vesteralen (1)
-
-
Sweden (3)
-
Western Gneiss region (2)
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
Scotland
-
Hebrides
-
Inner Hebrides (1)
-
-
Highland region Scotland
-
Sutherland Scotland
-
Scourie Scotland (1)
-
-
-
Shetland Islands (2)
-
-
-
-
-
-
faults (63)
-
folds (22)
-
foliation (24)
-
fractures (2)
-
geochemistry (52)
-
geochronology (29)
-
geophysical methods (2)
-
graphite deposits (1)
-
ground water (2)
-
heat flow (3)
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (2)
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
hydrology (1)
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (1)
-
diabase
-
tholeiitic dolerite (1)
-
-
diorites
-
plagiogranite (1)
-
quartz diorites (3)
-
tonalite (9)
-
trondhjemite (2)
-
-
gabbros
-
norite (1)
-
troctolite (3)
-
-
granites
-
aplite (1)
-
A-type granites (2)
-
charnockite (6)
-
I-type granites (2)
-
leucogranite (7)
-
monzogranite (5)
-
S-type granites (1)
-
two-mica granite (1)
-
-
granodiorites (9)
-
monzodiorite (2)
-
monzonites
-
mangerite (1)
-
-
pegmatite (13)
-
syenites
-
alkali syenites (1)
-
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites (1)
-
pyroxenite
-
garnet pyroxenite (1)
-
websterite (1)
-
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites (1)
-
basalts
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (2)
-
ocean-island basalts (1)
-
-
rhyodacites (1)
-
rhyolites (1)
-
trachytes (2)
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (5)
-
-
Indian Ocean
-
Naturaliste Plateau (1)
-
-
Indian Ocean Islands
-
Madagascar (2)
-
-
intrusions (69)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
Pb-210 (1)
-
Po-210 (1)
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
Ra-228 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
Rn-222 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
Th-232 (1)
-
U-238 (1)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
U-238/U-235 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (3)
-
D/H (2)
-
deuterium (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (11)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (18)
-
O-18/O-16 (11)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (20)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
-
lineation (5)
-
magmas (32)
-
mantle (11)
-
Mediterranean region
-
Aegean Islands
-
Greek Aegean Islands
-
Cyclades (2)
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Carrara Marble (1)
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous (7)
-
Middle Cretaceous (1)
-
Tananao Schist (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous (10)
-
-
Jurassic
-
Upper Jurassic (1)
-
-
Triassic
-
Upper Triassic (2)
-
-
-
metal ores
-
bismuth ores (1)
-
cobalt ores (3)
-
copper ores (8)
-
gold ores (6)
-
iron ores (2)
-
nickel ores (8)
-
platinum ores (2)
-
rare earth deposits (1)
-
uranium ores (3)
-
-
metals
-
actinides
-
thorium
-
Th-232 (1)
-
-
uranium
-
U-238 (1)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
U-238/U-235 (1)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
potassium (1)
-
rubidium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (1)
-
radium
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
Ra-228 (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (20)
-
-
-
arsenic (1)
-
chromium (1)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (11)
-
-
iron (1)
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
Pb-210 (1)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
nickel (1)
-
niobium (2)
-
platinum group
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
-
platinum ores (2)
-
-
polonium
-
Po-210 (1)
-
-
rare earths
-
cerium (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (18)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
yttrium (1)
-
-
tantalum (1)
-
titanium (2)
-
zirconium (2)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (24)
-
cataclasites (1)
-
eclogite (13)
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (10)
-
banded gneiss (1)
-
biotite gneiss (5)
-
granite gneiss (7)
-
orthogneiss (289)
-
paragneiss (36)
-
tonalite gneiss (1)
-
-
granulites (6)
-
marbles (5)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (1)
-
metabasite (4)
-
metadiabase (2)
-
metadiorite (1)
-
metagabbro (2)
-
metagranite (8)
-
metaperidotite (2)
-
metarhyolite (1)
-
serpentinite (1)
-
-
metaplutonic rocks (7)
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metachert (1)
-
metaconglomerate (1)
-
metagraywacke (1)
-
metapelite (6)
-
paragneiss (36)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
serpentinite (1)
-
skarn (2)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (9)
-
migmatites
-
anatexite (1)
-
-
mylonites
-
blastomylonite (1)
-
pseudotachylite (3)
-
ultramylonite (1)
-
-
quartzites (17)
-
schists
-
blueschist (2)
-
greenschist (1)
-
greenstone (1)
-
-
-
metamorphism (122)
-
metasomatism (11)
-
Mexico
-
Sinaloa Mexico (1)
-
Sonora Mexico (1)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (13)
-
mineral exploration (8)
-
mineral resources (2)
-
minerals (3)
-
Mohorovicic discontinuity (1)
-
noble gases
-
radon
-
Rn-222 (1)
-
-
-
North America
-
Appalachians
-
Blue Ridge Province (2)
-
Northern Appalachians (1)
-
Piedmont (1)
-
Southern Appalachians (1)
-
-
Basin and Range Province
-
Great Basin (1)
-
-
Canadian Shield
-
Churchill Province
-
Rae Province (3)
-
-
Flin Flon Belt (1)
-
Grenville Province
-
Central Gneiss Belt (5)
-
Central Metasedimentary Belt (2)
-
-
Nain Province (2)
-
Slave Province (1)
-
Superior Province
-
Abitibi Belt (1)
-
-
-
Great Lakes region (1)
-
Grenville Front (2)
-
Intermontane Belt (1)
-
Lake of the Woods (1)
-
North American Cordillera
-
Canadian Cordillera (9)
-
-
Okanagan Valley (1)
-
Omineca Belt (4)
-
Rocky Mountain Trench (1)
-
Rocky Mountains
-
Canadian Rocky Mountains (2)
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
-
Laramie Mountains (1)
-
Wind River Range (1)
-
-
-
Shuswap Complex (2)
-
Transcontinental Arch (1)
-
Yukon River (1)
-
Yukon-Tanana Terrane (3)
-
Yukon-Tanana Upland (4)
-
-
orogeny (51)
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (11)
-
-
Pacific region (1)
-
paleogeography (17)
-
paleomagnetism (1)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Acadian (1)
-
Lower Cambrian (1)
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Furongian (2)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Chilliwack Group (1)
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Dinantian (1)
-
-
Mississippian
-
Lower Mississippian (1)
-
-
Upper Carboniferous (1)
-
-
Devonian
-
Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (1)
-
-
Upper Devonian
-
Famennian (1)
-
-
-
lower Paleozoic (10)
-
middle Paleozoic (2)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician (4)
-
Middle Ordovician (1)
-
Upper Ordovician (2)
-
-
Permian
-
Lower Permian (1)
-
Upper Permian (1)
-
-
Shoo Fly Complex (1)
-
Silurian (8)
-
upper Paleozoic (2)
-
-
paragenesis (10)
-
petrology (26)
-
Phanerozoic (1)
-
phase equilibria (4)
-
plate tectonics (44)
-
pollution (3)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Mesoarchean (2)
-
Neoarchean
-
Amitsoq Gneiss (1)
-
-
Paleoarchean (5)
-
-
Delhi Supergroup (1)
-
Hadean (1)
-
Kisseynew Complex (1)
-
Lewisian Complex (2)
-
Stirling Quartzite (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Belt Supergroup (3)
-
Laxfordian (1)
-
Missoula Group (2)
-
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Ediacaran (2)
-
Maranon Complex (2)
-
Tonian (2)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Birimian (1)
-
Rhyacian (2)
-
Wollaston Group (1)
-
-
Windermere System (2)
-
-
-
Witwatersrand Supergroup (1)
-
-
sedimentary petrology (1)
-
sedimentary rocks
-
chemically precipitated rocks
-
evaporites (2)
-
iron formations
-
banded iron formations (1)
-
-
-
clastic rocks
-
arenite
-
litharenite (1)
-
-
arkose (1)
-
black shale (1)
-
sandstone (2)
-
-
coal (1)
-
-
sedimentation (4)
-
sediments
-
clastic sediments
-
loess (1)
-
-
-
soils
-
Cambisols (1)
-
Luvisols (1)
-
-
South America
-
Amazon River (1)
-
Andes
-
Eastern Cordillera (1)
-
-
Brazil
-
Borborema Province (1)
-
Goias Brazil (1)
-
Rio Grande do Norte Brazil (1)
-
Santa Catarina Brazil (1)
-
Tocantins River region (1)
-
-
Colombia
-
Magdalena River (1)
-
-
Dom Feliciano Belt (1)
-
Orinoco River (1)
-
Patagonia (2)
-
Peru (2)
-
Uruguay (1)
-
-
Southern Ocean
-
Prydz Bay (1)
-
-
springs (1)
-
stratigraphy (4)
-
structural analysis (22)
-
structural geology (13)
-
sulfur
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
-
tectonics
-
neotectonics (1)
-
-
tectonophysics (2)
-
United States
-
Alaska
-
Alaska Range (1)
-
Goodnews Bay Quadrangle (1)
-
Mount Hayes Quadrangle (1)
-
Seward Peninsula (3)
-
Tanacross Quadrangle (1)
-
-
Atlantic Coastal Plain (1)
-
California
-
Central California (1)
-
Tuolumne County California (1)
-
-
Connecticut
-
Fairfield County Connecticut (1)
-
-
Dunbarton Basin (1)
-
Eastern California shear zone (1)
-
Great Basin (1)
-
Great Smoky Mountains (1)
-
Idaho
-
Adams County Idaho (3)
-
Canyon County Idaho (1)
-
Gem County Idaho (1)
-
Idaho County Idaho (3)
-
Owyhee County Idaho (1)
-
Shoshone County Idaho (2)
-
Valley County Idaho (3)
-
-
Idaho Batholith (2)
-
Kentucky (1)
-
Maryland (1)
-
Midcontinent (1)
-
Nevada
-
Carlin Trend (1)
-
Elko County Nevada
-
East Humboldt Range (3)
-
-
Pershing County Nevada
-
Humboldt Range (1)
-
-
White Pine County Nevada (2)
-
-
New Mexico
-
Luna County New Mexico
-
Florida Mountains (1)
-
-
-
New York
-
Adirondack Mountains (1)
-
Essex County New York (1)
-
-
North Carolina (1)
-
Ohio (1)
-
Owyhee Mountains (1)
-
Sevier orogenic belt (2)
-
South Carolina
-
Savannah River Site (1)
-
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
-
Laramie Mountains (1)
-
Wind River Range (1)
-
-
Virginia
-
Pittsylvania County Virginia (1)
-
-
Washington
-
Chelan County Washington (1)
-
Okanogan County Washington (1)
-
Skagit County Washington (1)
-
Snohomish County Washington (1)
-
Whatcom County Washington (2)
-
-
Wyoming
-
Albany County Wyoming (1)
-
Fremont County Wyoming (1)
-
Natrona County Wyoming (1)
-
Platte County Wyoming (1)
-
Wind River Range (1)
-
-
Wyoming Province (1)
-
-
weathering (3)
-
-
rock formations
-
Deccan Traps (1)
-
Greenland Group (1)
-
Halfway Formation (1)
-
Middle Run Formation (1)
-
Monashee Complex (4)
-
Nubian Sandstone (1)
-
Skagit Gneiss (2)
-
Yellow Aster Complex (1)
-
-
sedimentary rocks
-
molasse (1)
-
sedimentary rocks
-
chemically precipitated rocks
-
evaporites (2)
-
iron formations
-
banded iron formations (1)
-
-
-
clastic rocks
-
arenite
-
litharenite (1)
-
-
arkose (1)
-
black shale (1)
-
sandstone (2)
-
-
coal (1)
-
-
volcaniclastics (2)
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
boudinage (2)
-
mounds (1)
-
-
sediments
-
sediments
-
clastic sediments
-
loess (1)
-
-
-
volcaniclastics (2)
-
-
soils
-
soils
-
Cambisols (1)
-
Luvisols (1)
-
-
GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
orthogneiss
MAGMATISM OF THE OMOLON CRATONAL TERRANE ( northeastern Russia ): GEOCHRONOLOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY, AND GEODYNAMICS Available to Purchase
Multi-stage tectonic record of the Central Sakarya Terrane Basement (NW Turkey): Implications for the Paleozoic evolution of Rheic Ocean and northern Gondwanan margin Available to Purchase
Early Neoproterozoic (Tonian) subduction-related magmatism and tectonothermal activity in Shetland and northern mainland Scotland: implications for the tectonic evolution of NE Laurentia and Rodinia reconstructions Open Access
Two metamorphic cycles recorded by monazite in eclogite-facies gneisses (Southern Armorican Massif, France): A Cambro-Ordovician continental crust involved in eo-Variscan subduction Open Access
A review of criteria, methods, and standards for mapping crystalline terrains: integrating field geology and analytical data Available to Purchase
Paleoproterozoic (late ‘Laxfordian’) reworking of juvenile Neoarchean Lewisian orthogneisses, Iona, Inner Hebrides, Scotland Open Access
The Mount Distin assemblage: Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks in the Nome Complex of Seward Peninsula, Alaska, USA Available to Purchase
Zircon and apatite U-Pb geochronology of the Paleoproterozoic (Eburnean) basement and late Neoproterozoic (Pan-African) metamorphism and magmatism from Port-Béni, Armorican Massif (France) Open Access
Discrimination of tectonic provinces using zircon U-Pb ages from bedrock and detrital samples in the northern Andes Available to Purchase
Structural inheritance in Carolinia, external to the excised Rheic Suture: Savannah River Site, South Carolina, USA. Available to Purchase
Abstract Phanerozoic reactivations of basement fault zones are documented in 5000 m of basement core recovered from beneath the updip Atlantic Coastal Plain underlying the US Department of Energy Savannah River Site (SRS) in South Carolina. These basement fault zones are adjacent to the excised Rheic Ocean suture. Meta-intrusive rocks from c. 620 and 625 Ma contain a mylonitic fabric and intrude foliated mafic metavolcanic rocks. At c. 305 Ma, granulite facies orthogneisses were thrust over amphibolite facies meta-igneous rocks in the transpressive Tinker Creek Nappe. The overturned limb of the nappe localizes the Triassic Dunbarton Basin Border Fault. The border fault acted as a conduit for fluids in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. At c. 220 ± 5 Ma, a potassium and silica metasomatic event affected the SRS basement. A propylitic event flushed reducing fluids through rocks as young as the Santonian. The remains of a Triassic sub-basin were identified in the northwesten part of the site. A Cretaceous and younger vein paragenesis overprints the previous events. More than 30 pseudotachylytes are found in the SRS basement and are preferentially localized on metasomatized Alleghanian chloritic fractures. Pseudotachylyte post-dates mineralized fractures. The Pen Branch Fault offsets the basement–Cretaceous unconformity and is present in c. 242 m of core between PBF-7-419 m and PBF-7-660.8 m. The Pen Branch Fault cross-cuts mineralized fractures and must post-date strike-normal zeolites.
Late Paleozoic magmatism and foreland deformation associated with opening and closing of marginal basins in the North Patagonian Andes Available to Purchase
Modified magnetite and hydrothermal apatite in banded iron-formations and implications for high-grade Fe mineralization during retrogressive metamorphism Available to Purchase
The Late Cambrian to Neogene Evolution of the Khanom Core Complex (Peninsular Thailand) Open Access
Zircon U–Pb, oxygen and hafnium isotopic characteristics of the Neoarchean–Paleoproterozoic Betsiboka Suite, Madagascar: tracing source to sink pathways in Proterozoic and Phanerozoic provenance studies Available to Purchase
Abstract The Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic Betsiboka Suite of Madagascar mainly consists of granitoid orthogneiss and migmatite variably metamorphosed to amphibolite and granulite facies during the late Neoproterozoic. New U–Pb zircon data yield emplacement ages of 2512 ± 17, 2507 ± 17, 2493 ± 14 and 2485 ± 16 Ma. Zircon δ 18 O data indicate involvement of the continental crust during magma genesis. Mostly positive ε Hf ( t ) values plot slightly below the depleted-mantle curve. The isotopic data favour mixing between an older Archean crustal source and a juvenile depleted-mantle source. Possible local crustal candidates for the older component in the exposed Malagasy basement are Neoarchean mafic gneisses in the Tsaratanana Complex and the c. 3200 Ma Nosy Boraha orthogneiss in the Antongil Domain. The new isotopic data support interpretations from previous studies investigating the genesis of Tonian plutonic rocks advocating crustal melting of a Mesoarchean crustal source in the Antananarivo Domain. In addition, detrital zircon in the Proterozoic Ambatolampy Group and Itremo Group probably had a local source with the same isotopic composition as the Betsiboka Suite. Our study demonstrates the significance of multi-isotopic data from zircon for constraining the sources of detrital zircon grains in sedimentary provenance studies.
Early Neoproterozoic magmatism and Caledonian metamorphism recorded by the Mårma terrane, Seve Nappe Complex, northern Swedish Caledonides Available to Purchase
Metamorphic and intrusive history of the Hindu Raj region, northern Pakistan Open Access
Aluminotaipingite-(CeCa), (Ce 6 Ca 3 )Al(SiO 4 ) 3 [SiO 3 (OH)] 4 F 3, a new member of the cerite-supergroup minerals Available to Purchase
Geon 14 to early Geon 13 granitoid magmatism in the Grenville Province of Canada, northeastern Laurentia: Distribution, geochemical patterns, and links with an active-margin setting Available to Purchase
ABSTRACT Mesoproterozoic crust is widely exposed in the Grenville Province portion of northeastern Laurentia, where it is interpreted as an assemblage of two continental-arc segments separated by a composite arc belt (Quebecia) with island-arc remnants. A synthesis of the geologic context, types, and geochemical patterns of 1.5–1.35 Ga granitoids reveals a regional distribution in each segment, with dioritic to granitic plutonism variably associated with arc-related volcano-sedimentary belts in the south and inboard monzonitic to granitic plutonism in the north. In addition, belts of dioritic to granitic orthogneisses occupy intermediate positions in Quebecia and in the west. The inboard granites are consistently old in all segments (1.5–1.45 Ga), but the preserved volcano-sedimentary belts are older in the east and in Quebecia (1.5–1.45 Ga) and younger in the west (1.39? and 1.36 Ga), while the belts of orthogneisses show a large spread of ages at 1.45–1.37 Ga. Granitoids in the volcano-sedimentary belts and the orthogneisses include magnesian, calcic to calc-alkalic components to ferroan, alkali-calcic components. In contrast, the inboard plutons are dominantly ferroan and alkali-calcic to alkalic in the continental-arc segments, where they are locally associated with anorthosite-mangerite-charnockite-granite (AMCG) suites. Collectively, the different types of granitoid magmatism can be linked to an active margin, with subduction under northeastern Laurentia, involving arc building, arc rifting, back-arc opening and inboard extension, and amalgamation processes variably operating at different parts of the margin and at different times. In addition, the data provide a basis for comparison with other parts of the eastern to southwestern Laurentian margin in the 1.5–1.35 Ga time frame.
Crystal plasticity enhances trace element mobility in garnet Available to Purchase
Evidence for large departures from lithostatic pressure during Late Cretaceous metamorphism in the northern Snake Range metamorphic core complex, Nevada Available to Purchase
ABSTRACT The highest-grade Barrovian-type metamorphic rocks of the North American Cordillera exposed today are Late Cretaceous in age and found within an orogen-parallel belt of metamorphic core complexes for which the tectonic histories remain controversial. Thermobarometric studies indicate that many of these Late Cretaceous metamorphic assemblages formed at pressures of >8 kbar, conventionally interpreted as >30 km depth by assuming lithostatic conditions. However, in the northern Basin and Range Province, detailed structural reconstructions and a growing body of contradictory geologic data in and around the metamorphic core complexes indicate these metamorphic rocks are unlikely to have ever been buried any deeper than ~15 km depth (~4 kbar, lithostatic). Recent models controversially interpret this discrepancy as the result of “tectonic overpressure,” whereby the high-grade mineral assemblages were formed under superlithostatic conditions without significant tectonic burial. We performed several detailed studies within the Snake Range metamorphic core complex to test the possibility that cryptic structures responsible for additional burial and exhumation might exist, which would refute such a model. Instead, our data highlight the continued discordance between paleodepth and paleopressure and suggest the latter may have reached nearly twice the lithostatic pressure in the Late Cretaceous. First, new detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology combined with finite-strain estimates show that prestrain thicknesses of the lower-plate units that host the high-pressure mineral assemblages correspond closely to the thicknesses of equivalent-age units in adjacent ranges rather than to those of the inferred, structurally overridden (para) autochthon, inconsistent with cross sections and interpretations that assume a lower plate with a deeper origin for these rocks. Second, new Raman spectroscopy of carbonaceous material of upper- and lower-plate units identified an ~200 °C difference in peak metamorphic temperatures across the northern Snake Range detachment but did not identify any intraplate discontinuities, thereby limiting the amount of structural excision to motion on the northern Snake Range detachment itself, and locally, to no more than 7–11 km. Third, mapped geology and field relationships indicate that a pre-Cenozoic fold truncated by the northern Snake Range detachment could have produced ~3–9 km of structural overburden above Precambrian units, on the order of that potentially excised by the northern Snake Range detachment but still far short of expected overburden based on lithostatic assumptions. Fourth, finite-strain measurements indicate a shortening (constrictional) strain regime favorable to superlithostatic conditions. Together, these observations suggest that pressures during peak metamorphism may have locally reached ~150%–200% lithostatic pressure. Such departures from lithostatic conditions are expected to have been most pronounced above regions of high heat flow and partial melting, and/or at the base of regional thrust-bounded allochthons, as is characteristic of the spatial distribution of Cordilleran metamorphic core complexes during the Late Cretaceous Sevier orogeny.