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Orkney Islands
A lectotype for the Scottish Middle Devonian (Givetian) fish Osteolepis panderi and the historical problems of the genus Osteolepis
Enhanced terrestrial nutrient release during the Devonian emergence and expansion of forests: Evidence from lacustrine phosphorus and geochemical records
A new geological map and review of the Middle Devonian rocks of Westray and Papa Westray, Orkney, Scotland
Making oil from magma
Abstract Petroleum systems within rifted margin basins affected by volcanism continue to remain challenging for the exploration of hydrocarbons, most notably owing to the volume of intrusions that pose imaging, drilling and exploration problems. Typically, intrusions possess small thermal aureoles, but despite this, there is evidence that intrusions could none the less be responsible for the generation of commercial volumes of hydrocarbons. Here we shed new light on this petroleum systems challenge by integrating organic geochemical and Raman spectroscopic techniques to produce potential volumetric data for hydrocarbons generated as a result of igneous intrusion. The results indicate that, in areas with immature source rock intervals, it may be possible for intrusions to generate volumes of oil that would be capable of comfortably filling likely known oil reservoirs. This is a critical step forward in integrating several analytical techniques, indicating that under the right conditions there is the potential for hydrocarbon generation as a result of igneous intrusion.