- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Congo (2)
-
-
East Africa
-
Ethiopia (2)
-
-
Madagascar (1)
-
Southern Africa
-
Lesotho (2)
-
South Africa (1)
-
-
West Africa
-
Niger (1)
-
Nigeria (1)
-
-
-
Antarctica (2)
-
Arctic region
-
Arctic Coastal Plain (1)
-
-
Asia
-
Far East
-
Burma (16)
-
China
-
Liaoning China (1)
-
-
Indonesia
-
Sumatra (2)
-
-
Japan (1)
-
Korea (1)
-
Mongolia (3)
-
Thailand (1)
-
-
Himalayas (1)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Maharashtra India (1)
-
Northeastern India
-
Arunachal Pradesh India (1)
-
-
Rajasthan India (1)
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Dead Sea (1)
-
Israel (1)
-
Jordan (1)
-
Lebanon (2)
-
-
Siberia (3)
-
Tajikistan (1)
-
Transbaikalia (2)
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
New South Wales Australia (1)
-
Queensland Australia (1)
-
-
New Zealand
-
Canterbury New Zealand
-
Canterbury Plains (1)
-
-
-
-
Broken Hill (1)
-
Canada
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta
-
Edmonton Alberta (1)
-
-
British Columbia (1)
-
Manitoba (3)
-
-
-
Caribbean region
-
West Indies
-
Antilles
-
Greater Antilles
-
Hispaniola
-
Dominican Republic (7)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Russian Federation
-
Kaliningrad Russian Federation (5)
-
Transbaikalia (2)
-
-
Tajikistan (1)
-
Ukraine
-
Zhitomir Ukraine (1)
-
-
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Central Alps
-
Bavarian Alps (1)
-
-
Eastern Alps
-
Dolomites (2)
-
Julian Alps (1)
-
-
Western Alps
-
Sainte-Baume Massif (1)
-
-
-
Baltic region
-
Lithuania (2)
-
-
Central Europe
-
Austria (1)
-
Bavarian Alps (1)
-
Czech Republic
-
Bohemia (1)
-
-
Germany
-
Bavaria Germany (1)
-
Saxony Germany (1)
-
Saxony-Anhalt Germany
-
Bitterfeld Germany (2)
-
-
-
Hungary (1)
-
Poland (1)
-
Switzerland (1)
-
-
Kaliningrad Russian Federation (5)
-
Southern Europe
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Spain
-
Basque Provinces Spain
-
Alava Spain (4)
-
-
Cantabria Spain (1)
-
Castilla y Leon Spain
-
Valladolid Spain (1)
-
-
-
-
Italy
-
Friuli-Venezia Giulia Italy (1)
-
Sicily Italy (1)
-
Trentino-Alto Adige Italy (1)
-
Tuscany Italy
-
Pisa Italy (1)
-
-
-
-
Ukraine
-
Zhitomir Ukraine (1)
-
-
Western Europe
-
France
-
Alpes-de-Haute Provence France (1)
-
Aude France (1)
-
Bouches-du-Rhone France (1)
-
Charente-Maritime France (3)
-
Drome France (1)
-
Oise France (2)
-
Paris Basin (1)
-
Provence (1)
-
Sainte-Baume Massif (1)
-
Var France (1)
-
Vaucluse France (1)
-
Vienne France
-
Poitiers France (1)
-
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Sussex England (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Indian Ocean Islands
-
Madagascar (1)
-
-
Mexico
-
Chiapas Mexico (15)
-
-
North America
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (1)
-
-
Pacific Coast (1)
-
Pacific Ocean
-
South Pacific
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Coral Sea
-
Great Barrier Reef (1)
-
-
-
-
West Pacific
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Coral Sea
-
Great Barrier Reef (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Santa Catalina Mountains (1)
-
South America
-
Brazil (2)
-
Chile
-
Tarapaca Chile (2)
-
-
-
South Island (1)
-
United States
-
Alaska (1)
-
Arizona
-
Apache County Arizona (1)
-
Maricopa County Arizona (1)
-
Navajo County Arizona (1)
-
Petrified Forest National Park (1)
-
Pima County Arizona
-
Tucson Arizona (1)
-
-
-
Arkansas
-
Hot Spring County Arkansas (1)
-
-
California
-
San Benito County California (1)
-
Sonoma County California (1)
-
-
Colorado
-
Mahogany Zone (1)
-
-
New Jersey
-
Middlesex County New Jersey (3)
-
-
New Mexico
-
Socorro County New Mexico (1)
-
Torrance County New Mexico (1)
-
-
Uinta Basin (1)
-
Utah
-
Uintah County Utah (2)
-
-
Washington
-
King County Washington (1)
-
-
Western U.S. (1)
-
Wyoming
-
Carbon County Wyoming (1)
-
Hanna Basin (1)
-
-
-
USSR (1)
-
Western Hemisphere (1)
-
-
commodities
-
aggregate (1)
-
bitumens
-
asphalt (1)
-
-
ceramic materials (1)
-
glass materials (1)
-
nonmetal deposits (1)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (6)
-
-
chemical ratios (1)
-
halogens
-
bromine
-
bromide ion (1)
-
-
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (2)
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
isotope ratios (6)
-
isotopes
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (6)
-
D/H (2)
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
-
metals
-
aluminum (2)
-
cobalt (1)
-
iron (1)
-
nickel (1)
-
-
nitrogen (1)
-
oxygen (2)
-
silicon (1)
-
-
fossils
-
bacteria (5)
-
borings (1)
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Pisces
-
Chondrichthyes
-
Elasmobranchii
-
Selachii (1)
-
-
-
Osteichthyes
-
Actinopterygii (1)
-
-
-
Tetrapoda
-
Aves
-
Archaeornithes
-
Archaeopteryx (1)
-
-
Neornithes (1)
-
-
Reptilia
-
Diapsida
-
Archosauria
-
Crocodilia
-
Eusuchia (1)
-
-
dinosaurs
-
Saurischia
-
Theropoda (1)
-
-
-
-
Lepidosauria
-
Squamata
-
Serpentes (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
eukaryotes (2)
-
fungi (4)
-
ichnofossils (2)
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Chelicerata
-
Arachnida (5)
-
-
Mandibulata
-
Crustacea
-
Malacostraca (1)
-
Ostracoda
-
Podocopida
-
Cypridocopina (1)
-
-
-
-
Insecta
-
Pterygota
-
Neoptera
-
Endopterygota
-
Coleoptera
-
Archostemata (1)
-
-
Diptera (9)
-
Hymenoptera (13)
-
Neuroptera (2)
-
-
Exopterygota
-
Dermaptera (1)
-
Hemiptera (4)
-
Isoptera (2)
-
Orthoptera (1)
-
Psocoptera (1)
-
-
-
Palaeoptera
-
Ephemeroptera (1)
-
Odonata (2)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Echinodermata
-
Crinozoa
-
Crinoidea (1)
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia (1)
-
Cephalopoda
-
Ammonoidea (1)
-
-
Gastropoda (3)
-
-
Protista (2)
-
Vermes
-
Annelida (1)
-
-
-
microfossils
-
Conodonta (1)
-
-
palynomorphs
-
miospores
-
pollen (2)
-
-
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
diatoms (3)
-
-
Bryophyta (2)
-
Pteridophyta (2)
-
Spermatophyta
-
Angiospermae (9)
-
Gymnospermae
-
Coniferae (1)
-
Coniferales
-
Pinaceae (1)
-
Taxodiaceae (2)
-
-
-
-
-
problematic fossils (1)
-
prokaryotes (1)
-
thallophytes (2)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Pleistocene (1)
-
-
Siwalik System (1)
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
lower Miocene (1)
-
-
Pliocene (2)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
Green River Formation (3)
-
lower Eocene
-
Sparnacian (1)
-
Ypresian (3)
-
-
middle Eocene
-
Bartonian (1)
-
Claiborne Group (1)
-
-
upper Eocene
-
Priabonian (1)
-
Uinta Formation (1)
-
-
-
Hanna Formation (1)
-
Oligocene (6)
-
Paleocene (1)
-
Wasatch Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian
-
upper Albian (1)
-
-
-
Middle Cretaceous (12)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Campanian (1)
-
Cenomanian
-
lower Cenomanian (1)
-
-
Horseshoe Canyon Formation (1)
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
Raritan Formation (2)
-
Santonian (2)
-
Senonian (2)
-
Turonian (2)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Upper Jurassic (3)
-
-
lower Mesozoic (1)
-
Triassic
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian (2)
-
Chinle Formation (1)
-
Keuper (1)
-
Molteno Formation (1)
-
Petrified Forest Member (1)
-
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (1)
-
Precambrian
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Ediacaran (1)
-
Vendian (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
gabbros (1)
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
glasses (1)
-
-
-
-
meteorites
-
meteorites
-
stony meteorites
-
achondrites (1)
-
chondrites (1)
-
-
-
-
minerals
-
alloys
-
carbides
-
cohenite (1)
-
moissanite (1)
-
-
nitrides (1)
-
phosphides (2)
-
-
arsenates
-
mimetite (1)
-
-
arsenides (1)
-
carbonates
-
aragonite (1)
-
azurite (1)
-
calcite (1)
-
ikaite (1)
-
malachite (2)
-
vaterite (1)
-
-
chromates (1)
-
copper minerals (1)
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
halite (2)
-
mimetite (1)
-
-
fluorides (1)
-
-
hydrates (1)
-
minerals (11)
-
molybdates
-
wulfenite (1)
-
-
native elements
-
diamond (1)
-
graphite (1)
-
lonsdaleite (1)
-
-
organic minerals
-
amber (91)
-
ozocerite (2)
-
urea (9)
-
-
oxalates
-
weddellite (1)
-
whewellite (1)
-
-
oxides
-
goethite (1)
-
hematite (2)
-
hydroxides
-
aluminum hydroxides (1)
-
-
iron oxides (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
struvite (1)
-
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group (1)
-
-
framework silicates
-
silica minerals
-
melanophlogite (1)
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
clay minerals
-
chrysocolla (1)
-
kaolinite (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfates
-
gypsum (1)
-
-
sulfides
-
cinnabar (1)
-
-
tellurides (2)
-
vanadates (1)
-
-
Primary terms
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Congo (2)
-
-
East Africa
-
Ethiopia (2)
-
-
Madagascar (1)
-
Southern Africa
-
Lesotho (2)
-
South Africa (1)
-
-
West Africa
-
Niger (1)
-
Nigeria (1)
-
-
-
Antarctica (2)
-
Arctic region
-
Arctic Coastal Plain (1)
-
-
Asia
-
Far East
-
Burma (16)
-
China
-
Liaoning China (1)
-
-
Indonesia
-
Sumatra (2)
-
-
Japan (1)
-
Korea (1)
-
Mongolia (3)
-
Thailand (1)
-
-
Himalayas (1)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Maharashtra India (1)
-
Northeastern India
-
Arunachal Pradesh India (1)
-
-
Rajasthan India (1)
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Dead Sea (1)
-
Israel (1)
-
Jordan (1)
-
Lebanon (2)
-
-
Siberia (3)
-
Tajikistan (1)
-
Transbaikalia (2)
-
-
asteroids (1)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
New South Wales Australia (1)
-
Queensland Australia (1)
-
-
New Zealand
-
Canterbury New Zealand
-
Canterbury Plains (1)
-
-
-
-
bacteria (5)
-
biogeography (6)
-
bitumens
-
asphalt (1)
-
-
Canada
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta
-
Edmonton Alberta (1)
-
-
British Columbia (1)
-
Manitoba (3)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (6)
-
-
Caribbean region
-
West Indies
-
Antilles
-
Greater Antilles
-
Hispaniola
-
Dominican Republic (7)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Pleistocene (1)
-
-
Siwalik System (1)
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
lower Miocene (1)
-
-
Pliocene (2)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
Green River Formation (3)
-
lower Eocene
-
Sparnacian (1)
-
Ypresian (3)
-
-
middle Eocene
-
Bartonian (1)
-
Claiborne Group (1)
-
-
upper Eocene
-
Priabonian (1)
-
Uinta Formation (1)
-
-
-
Hanna Formation (1)
-
Oligocene (6)
-
Paleocene (1)
-
Wasatch Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
ceramic materials (1)
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Pisces
-
Chondrichthyes
-
Elasmobranchii
-
Selachii (1)
-
-
-
Osteichthyes
-
Actinopterygii (1)
-
-
-
Tetrapoda
-
Aves
-
Archaeornithes
-
Archaeopteryx (1)
-
-
Neornithes (1)
-
-
Reptilia
-
Diapsida
-
Archosauria
-
Crocodilia
-
Eusuchia (1)
-
-
dinosaurs
-
Saurischia
-
Theropoda (1)
-
-
-
-
Lepidosauria
-
Squamata
-
Serpentes (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
clay mineralogy (3)
-
crystal chemistry (6)
-
crystal growth (1)
-
crystal structure (20)
-
crystallography (1)
-
Earth (2)
-
economic geology (2)
-
education (1)
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Central Alps
-
Bavarian Alps (1)
-
-
Eastern Alps
-
Dolomites (2)
-
Julian Alps (1)
-
-
Western Alps
-
Sainte-Baume Massif (1)
-
-
-
Baltic region
-
Lithuania (2)
-
-
Central Europe
-
Austria (1)
-
Bavarian Alps (1)
-
Czech Republic
-
Bohemia (1)
-
-
Germany
-
Bavaria Germany (1)
-
Saxony Germany (1)
-
Saxony-Anhalt Germany
-
Bitterfeld Germany (2)
-
-
-
Hungary (1)
-
Poland (1)
-
Switzerland (1)
-
-
Kaliningrad Russian Federation (5)
-
Southern Europe
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Spain
-
Basque Provinces Spain
-
Alava Spain (4)
-
-
Cantabria Spain (1)
-
Castilla y Leon Spain
-
Valladolid Spain (1)
-
-
-
-
Italy
-
Friuli-Venezia Giulia Italy (1)
-
Sicily Italy (1)
-
Trentino-Alto Adige Italy (1)
-
Tuscany Italy
-
Pisa Italy (1)
-
-
-
-
Ukraine
-
Zhitomir Ukraine (1)
-
-
Western Europe
-
France
-
Alpes-de-Haute Provence France (1)
-
Aude France (1)
-
Bouches-du-Rhone France (1)
-
Charente-Maritime France (3)
-
Drome France (1)
-
Oise France (2)
-
Paris Basin (1)
-
Provence (1)
-
Sainte-Baume Massif (1)
-
Var France (1)
-
Vaucluse France (1)
-
Vienne France
-
Poitiers France (1)
-
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Sussex England (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
fungi (4)
-
geochemistry (10)
-
ground water (2)
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (2)
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
ichnofossils (2)
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
gabbros (1)
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
glasses (1)
-
-
-
inclusions (4)
-
Indian Ocean Islands
-
Madagascar (1)
-
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Chelicerata
-
Arachnida (5)
-
-
Mandibulata
-
Crustacea
-
Malacostraca (1)
-
Ostracoda
-
Podocopida
-
Cypridocopina (1)
-
-
-
-
Insecta
-
Pterygota
-
Neoptera
-
Endopterygota
-
Coleoptera
-
Archostemata (1)
-
-
Diptera (9)
-
Hymenoptera (13)
-
Neuroptera (2)
-
-
Exopterygota
-
Dermaptera (1)
-
Hemiptera (4)
-
Isoptera (2)
-
Orthoptera (1)
-
Psocoptera (1)
-
-
-
Palaeoptera
-
Ephemeroptera (1)
-
Odonata (2)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Echinodermata
-
Crinozoa
-
Crinoidea (1)
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia (1)
-
Cephalopoda
-
Ammonoidea (1)
-
-
Gastropoda (3)
-
-
Protista (2)
-
Vermes
-
Annelida (1)
-
-
-
isotopes
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (6)
-
D/H (2)
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian
-
upper Albian (1)
-
-
-
Middle Cretaceous (12)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Campanian (1)
-
Cenomanian
-
lower Cenomanian (1)
-
-
Horseshoe Canyon Formation (1)
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
Raritan Formation (2)
-
Santonian (2)
-
Senonian (2)
-
Turonian (2)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Upper Jurassic (3)
-
-
lower Mesozoic (1)
-
Triassic
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian (2)
-
Chinle Formation (1)
-
Keuper (1)
-
Molteno Formation (1)
-
Petrified Forest Member (1)
-
-
-
-
metals
-
aluminum (2)
-
cobalt (1)
-
iron (1)
-
nickel (1)
-
-
metamorphism (1)
-
metasomatism (1)
-
meteorites
-
stony meteorites
-
achondrites (1)
-
chondrites (1)
-
-
-
Mexico
-
Chiapas Mexico (15)
-
-
mineralogy (5)
-
minerals (11)
-
museums (1)
-
nitrogen (1)
-
nonmetal deposits (1)
-
North America
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (1)
-
-
oxygen (2)
-
Pacific Coast (1)
-
Pacific Ocean
-
South Pacific
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Coral Sea
-
Great Barrier Reef (1)
-
-
-
-
West Pacific
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Coral Sea
-
Great Barrier Reef (1)
-
-
-
-
-
paleobotany (2)
-
paleoclimatology (2)
-
paleoecology (14)
-
paleogeography (2)
-
paleontology (19)
-
palynomorphs
-
miospores
-
pollen (2)
-
-
-
paragenesis (1)
-
Phanerozoic (1)
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
diatoms (3)
-
-
Bryophyta (2)
-
Pteridophyta (2)
-
Spermatophyta
-
Angiospermae (9)
-
Gymnospermae
-
Coniferae (1)
-
Coniferales
-
Pinaceae (1)
-
Taxodiaceae (2)
-
-
-
-
-
pollution (1)
-
Precambrian
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Ediacaran (1)
-
Vendian (1)
-
-
-
-
-
problematic fossils (1)
-
sedimentary rocks
-
clastic rocks
-
sandstone (1)
-
-
coal
-
lignite (1)
-
-
oil shale (2)
-
-
sediments
-
clastic sediments
-
sand (1)
-
-
guano (4)
-
-
silicon (1)
-
soils
-
Alfisols (1)
-
Cambisols (1)
-
Luvisols (1)
-
Phaeozems (1)
-
-
South America
-
Brazil (2)
-
Chile
-
Tarapaca Chile (2)
-
-
-
spectroscopy (2)
-
thallophytes (2)
-
United States
-
Alaska (1)
-
Arizona
-
Apache County Arizona (1)
-
Maricopa County Arizona (1)
-
Navajo County Arizona (1)
-
Petrified Forest National Park (1)
-
Pima County Arizona
-
Tucson Arizona (1)
-
-
-
Arkansas
-
Hot Spring County Arkansas (1)
-
-
California
-
San Benito County California (1)
-
Sonoma County California (1)
-
-
Colorado
-
Mahogany Zone (1)
-
-
New Jersey
-
Middlesex County New Jersey (3)
-
-
New Mexico
-
Socorro County New Mexico (1)
-
Torrance County New Mexico (1)
-
-
Uinta Basin (1)
-
Utah
-
Uintah County Utah (2)
-
-
Washington
-
King County Washington (1)
-
-
Western U.S. (1)
-
Wyoming
-
Carbon County Wyoming (1)
-
Hanna Basin (1)
-
-
-
USSR (1)
-
Western Hemisphere (1)
-
-
sedimentary rocks
-
sedimentary rocks
-
clastic rocks
-
sandstone (1)
-
-
coal
-
lignite (1)
-
-
oil shale (2)
-
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
borings (1)
-
-
sediments
-
sediments
-
clastic sediments
-
sand (1)
-
-
guano (4)
-
-
-
soils
-
soils
-
Alfisols (1)
-
Cambisols (1)
-
Luvisols (1)
-
Phaeozems (1)
-
-
organic minerals
Cloeon tzeltal sp. nov. (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae), a Miocene mayfly from Mexican amber
Abstract Since the late twentieth century, palaeontological and geological evidence from East Asia has contributed to significant advances in the understanding of the Mesozoic world. Geological Society Special Publication 521 covers a wide range of topics that subdivide into four themes. These include: (1) clues and evidence from vertebrate fossils; (2) clues and evidence from invertebrate and plant fossils; (3) significant fossils from amber; and (4) palaeoenvironments and palaeoecosystems. The volume features 18 articles by 53 authors from different disciplines, including geochronology, palaeontology, stratigraphy, sedimentology, tectonics and geochemistry.
True hopper fossils (Fulgoromorpha and Cicadomorpha) in the Jurassic to Cretaceous of eastern Asia and their evolutionary implications
Abstract True hoppers, consisting of Fulgoromorpha and Cicadomorpha, are plant feeders with very high species-level diversity. A large number of true hopper fossils have been reported from eastern Asia, especially from the Middle to Late Jurassic Yanliao Biota, the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota and mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber in the last two decades. Herein, true hoppers from the Jurassic and Cretaceous of eastern Asia are reviewed, and combining palaeontological data from other regions of the world and recent advances of molecular studies, the evolutionary history of true hoppers in the mid–late Mesozoic is discussed. Permocicada beipiaoensis Wang, 1987 and Archijassus plurinervis Zhang, 1985 are here excluded from Prosboloidea and Archijassidae, respectively. By the end of 2020, a total of 203 species with definite systematic position had been documented in the Jurassic and Cretaceous of eastern Asia (China, Myanmar, Siberia, Mongolia, Japan and Korea), and were attributed to 116 genera in 22 families and 7 superfamilies. Available fossil data suggest that true hopper components strongly changed in the Cretaceous: primitive groups reduced and went extinct successively, and the origin and/or early diversification of most lineages (family or subfamily level) occurred, likely owing to the displacement of host-plants in the angiosperm floristic revolution.
Abstract Zhangsolva is the type genus of the extinct long proboscis family Zhangsolvidae, originally known as a compression fossil from the Laiyang Formation, China. Here we describe a new species Zhangsolva burmensis sp. nov in Cretaceous amber from northern Myanmar. Antennae of zhangsolvids are discussed, and a proposed antennal segmentation of Zhangsolva cupressa is given. Anatomical features of the proboscis are interpreted based on exceptional preservation of the holotype, which are identical to flower-visiting bombyliid flies. This discovery provides important characters for further phylogenetical analysis of the Zhangsolvidae and important evidence for the proboscis function in pollination.
New material for Peleserphidae (Proctotrupoidea, Hymenoptera) in Mid-Cretaceous Burmese (Kachin) amber
Abstract A new female wasp from Cenomanian Burmese amber was described as Peleserphus qufuensis sp. nov. in the proctotrupoid family Peleserphidae, which emerged in the Late Jurassic–mid-Cretaceous. It provides new data on the diversity of the family in Cenomanian Burmese amber and extends the records to five species.
New data on gastropod genus Hirsuticyclus (Caenogastropoda, Cyclophoridae) from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber
Abstract The genus Hirsuticyclus Neubauer, Xing and Jochum, 2019 was the first record of an exceptionally preserved land snail with dense periostracal hairs from mid-Cretaceous Kachin (Burmese) amber. Here, we document four newly-discovered shells from Kachin amber, one belonging to the type species Hirsuticyclus electrum Neubauer, Xing and Jochum, 2019 and the remaining three shells belonging to a new species, Hirsuticyclus canaliculatus sp. nov. Well-preserved morphological characteristics of these two species could be clearly demonstrated under light microscopy combined with modern micro-CT scans with computer 3D reconstructions. Our new material of the type species amends the generic diagnosis based on a better-preserved shell including the peristome and operculum. The new species shows distinctive shell characteristics such as numerous spiral keels and a flaring, folded peristome interrupted by two canals. These excellently preserved fossils contribute to our understanding of the morphological diversity and evolution of these ancient members of cyclophoroids.
Abstract A new ommatin beetle, Omma ( Coronomma ) axsmithi subgen. et sp. nov. (Insecta: Coleoptera: Archostemata: Ommatidae sensu stricto (Cupedidae sensu lato )) is described in mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber from northern Myanmar. The new taxon distinctly differs from nominotypical Omma in possessing a subquadrilateral v. subglobose pronotum, the latter visible in Omma lii from the same deposit. The uniquely preserved male genitalia of the latter are compared and contrasted with extant ommatins and fossil notocupedins. This new analysis suggests that the living Australian ommatin beetles ( Omma , Beutelius ) may not be as ancient as is sometimes supposed.
Protohemiphlebiidae fam. nov., a stem hemiphlebioid damselfly from Cretaceous amber in Kachin
Abstract Hemiphlebiidae are the most basal lestomorphan family following the latest phylogenetic analysis of the Zygoptera: this unique damselfly family today contains one relict species found in the wetlands of Australia. It was, however, very diverse and widespread during the Mesozoic. Nevertheless, very few species were known, obscuring the origination and early evolution of the family. Here we propose a new stem hemiphlebioid taxon (Protohemiphlebiidae Zheng, Jarzembowski and Nel, fam. nov.) based on a new genus and two species: Protohemiphlebia zhangi Zheng, Jarzembowski and Nel, sp. nov. and Protohemiphlebia meiyingae Zheng, Jarzembowski and Nel, sp. nov. The new family shares the characteristics of both Hemiphlebiidae and Coenagrionoidea, but it is more closely related to Hemiphlebiidae in having the pterostigma with a ‘star-shaped’ microsculpture and AA originating from the wing base slightly distal of Ax0. Protohemiphlebia Zheng, Jarzembowski and Nel, gen. nov. is further considered to belong to the stem group of Hemiphlebioidea, instead of belonging to the Hemiphlebiidae, in possessing pretibial combs and a weakly kinked RP1 below the Pt brace. The new damselflies will help to calibrate the origin of Hemiphlebiidae, which could be earlier than the current oldest records in the Kimmeridgean (Late Jurassic).