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GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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Afar (4)
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Cape Verde Islands (2)
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Congo Craton (1)
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East Africa
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Djibouti (2)
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Ethiopia (2)
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Sudan (1)
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Tanzania (1)
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Zambia
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Lusaka Zambia (1)
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East African Rift (1)
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Limpopo Belt (1)
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Madagascar (2)
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Mozambique Belt (1)
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North Africa
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Egypt
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Kosseir Egypt (1)
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Libya
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Sirte Basin (1)
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Maghreb (2)
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Morocco
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Rif (4)
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Tell (1)
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Nubia (1)
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Nubian Shield (2)
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Southern Africa
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Barberton greenstone belt (2)
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Kaapvaal Craton (3)
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Karoo Basin (1)
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Namaqualand (1)
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Namibia
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Damara Belt (1)
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South Africa
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Bushveld Complex (2)
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Free State South Africa (1)
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Murchison greenstone belt (1)
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Transvaal region (1)
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Witwatersrand (1)
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Zimbabwe
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Belingwe greenstone belt (2)
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West Africa
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Benue Valley (2)
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Cameroon (2)
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Ghana (2)
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Ivory Coast (1)
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Liberia (1)
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Mauritanides (1)
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Nigeria
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Niger Delta (2)
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Sierra Leone (1)
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Zambezi Valley (2)
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Zimbabwe Craton (1)
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Alexander Island (1)
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Antarctica
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Arctic Ocean
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More Basin (2)
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Yermak Plateau (1)
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Arctic region
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Greenland
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Disko Island (1)
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East Greenland (7)
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Isua Belt (1)
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Nuuk Greenland (1)
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Skaergaard Intrusion (1)
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South Greenland (3)
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West Greenland (4)
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Jan Mayen (2)
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Russian Arctic
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New Siberian Islands (1)
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Svalbard
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Spitsbergen (2)
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Asia
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Altai Mountains
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Gorny Altai (2)
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Kuznetsk Alatau (1)
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Altai Russian Federation
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Gorny Altai (2)
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Altai-Sayan region (1)
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Arabian Peninsula
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Arabian Shield (3)
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Oman
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Oman Mountains (3)
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Saudi Arabia (3)
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United Arab Emirates (2)
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Baikal Mountains (1)
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Baikal region (1)
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Central Asia
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Caspian Depression (1)
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Pamirs (1)
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Far East
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Borneo
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East Malaysia
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Sarawak Malaysia (1)
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Burma (2)
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China
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Dabie Mountains (1)
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Gansu China (2)
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Inner Mongolia China (1)
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Jiangxi China (1)
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Jilin China (1)
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Kunlun Mountains (1)
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Junggar (1)
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Gangdese Belt (1)
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Lhasa Block (2)
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Yangtze Platform (2)
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Yunnan China
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Ailao Shan (1)
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Zhejiang China (1)
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Indonesia
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Celebes (3)
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Sumatra (1)
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Sunda Arc (2)
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Japan
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Hokkaido
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Hidaka metamorphic belt (2)
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Honshu
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Akiyoshi (1)
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Chugoku (1)
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Izu-shichito (2)
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Kii Peninsula (1)
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Korea
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Malaysia
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East Malaysia
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Mongolia (5)
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Philippine Islands
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Luzon
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Himalayas
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Indian Peninsula
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Ganges Delta (1)
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India
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Andhra Pradesh India
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Cuddapah Basin (1)
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Nellore mica belt (1)
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Bastar Craton (1)
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Bengal Islands
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Andaman Islands (2)
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Bihar India (1)
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Cauvery Basin (1)
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Delhi India
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New Delhi India (1)
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Dharwar Craton (3)
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Ghats
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Eastern Ghats (2)
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Goa India (1)
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Karnataka India (1)
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Kerala India
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Trivandrum India (1)
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Maharashtra India
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Mumbai India (1)
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Poona India (1)
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Southern Granulite Terrain (1)
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Tamil Nadu India
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Kodaikanal India (1)
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Indian Shield (1)
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Jammu and Kashmir
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Ladakh (2)
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Nanga Parbat (1)
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Kohistan (2)
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Pakistan (4)
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Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (2)
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Kamchatka Russian Federation
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Kamchatka Peninsula (1)
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Komandorski Islands (1)
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Middle East
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Cyprus
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Agrokipia Deposit (1)
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Troodos Massif (11)
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Iran (5)
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Iraq (1)
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Syria (1)
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Turkey
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Anatolia (4)
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Antalya Turkey (1)
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Hatay Turkey (1)
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Izmir Turkey (1)
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Lycian Taurus (1)
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Pontic Mountains (2)
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Sivas Turkey (1)
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Taurus Mountains (2)
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Zagros (1)
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Okhotsk region (1)
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Patom Plateau (1)
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Qiangtang Terrane (2)
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Russian Pacific region (1)
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Sakhalin Russian Federation
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Sakhalin (1)
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Sayan
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Eastern Sayan (1)
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Western Sayan (1)
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Siberia (2)
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Siberian fold belt (1)
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Siberian Platform (5)
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Southeast Asia (2)
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Sri Lanka (2)
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Tibetan Plateau (10)
-
Tien Shan (4)
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Transbaikalia (1)
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Tuva Russian Federation (1)
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West Siberia
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Kuznetsk Alatau (1)
-
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Western Transbaikalia (1)
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Yakutia Russian Federation
-
New Siberian Islands (1)
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-
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Atlantic Ocean
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East Atlantic (3)
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Equatorial Atlantic (9)
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Mid-Atlantic Ridge
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Atlantis Massif (2)
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Rainbow hydrothermal field (2)
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TAG hydrothermal field (6)
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North Atlantic
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Amazon Fan (1)
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Atlantis fracture zone (2)
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Atlantis Massif (2)
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Baltimore Canyon (2)
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Baltimore Canyon Trough (1)
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Barbados Ridge (1)
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Bay of Biscay (1)
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Bermuda Rise (2)
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Cape Verde Rise (1)
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Caribbean Sea
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Beata Ridge (1)
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Cayman Trough (6)
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Nicaragua Rise (1)
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Yucatan Basin (2)
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Charlie-Gibbs fracture zone (2)
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Exuma Sound (1)
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Faeroe-Shetland Basin (1)
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Flemish Cap (5)
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Foz do Amazonas Basin (1)
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Georges Bank (1)
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Goban Spur (2)
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Gorringe Bank (1)
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Gulf of Cadiz (1)
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Gulf of Guinea (3)
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Gulf of Mexico
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De Soto Canyon (1)
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Sigsbee Escarpment (1)
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Jeanne d'Arc Basin (1)
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Kane fracture zone (4)
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Labrador Sea (6)
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North Sea
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Viking Graben (1)
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Northeast Atlantic
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Galicia Bank (2)
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Iberian abyssal plain (2)
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Porcupine Bank (1)
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Northwest Atlantic
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Demerara Rise (3)
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Porcupine Basin (2)
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Rainbow hydrothermal field (2)
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Reykjanes Ridge (2)
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Rockall Trough (1)
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Scotian Shelf (2)
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Straits of Florida (1)
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TAG hydrothermal field (6)
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Tongue of the Ocean (1)
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Vema fracture zone (3)
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Romanche fracture zone (5)
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South Atlantic
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Angola Basin (1)
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Cape Basin (1)
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Falkland Plateau (3)
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Rio Grande Rise (2)
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Santos Basin (4)
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Southeast Atlantic (2)
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Southwest Atlantic (3)
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Walvis Ridge (2)
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-
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Atlantic Ocean Islands
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Ascension Island (3)
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Azores (3)
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Bermuda (1)
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Bouvet Island (1)
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Canary Islands
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Fuerteventura (2)
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Grand Canary (2)
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Hierro (1)
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Tenerife (1)
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Cape Verde Islands (2)
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Faeroe Islands (1)
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Madeira
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Porto Santo Island (1)
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Shetland Islands
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Unst (1)
-
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South Georgia (1)
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South Sandwich Islands (2)
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Tristan da Cunha
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Gough Island (1)
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-
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Atlantic region (7)
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Australasia
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Australia
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Lachlan fold belt (3)
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New South Wales Australia (1)
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Otway Basin (1)
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South Australia (1)
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Tasmania Australia (1)
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Victoria Australia (2)
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Western Australia
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Pilbara Craton (1)
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-
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New Zealand
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Otago New Zealand (1)
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Papua New Guinea
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Lihir Island (1)
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-
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Avalon Zone (2)
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Baffin Bay (7)
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Banks Island (2)
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Barents region (1)
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Battle Mountain (1)
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Bay of Islands (2)
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Black Mountain (1)
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Black Sea region (1)
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Burgos Basin (1)
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Cache Creek Terrane (2)
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Caledonides (8)
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Cameroon Line (1)
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Campos Basin (3)
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Canada
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Arctic Archipelago (5)
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Cassiar Mountains (1)
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Eastern Canada
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Baffin Island (2)
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Gander Zone (1)
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Lancaster Sound (1)
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Maritime Provinces
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Nova Scotia (7)
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Meguma Terrane (2)
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Labrador (3)
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Newfoundland
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Avalon Peninsula (1)
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Baie Verte Peninsula (1)
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Burlington Peninsula (1)
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Ontario (5)
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Quebec
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Gaspe Peninsula (1)
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Noranda Quebec (1)
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Thetford Mines (2)
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-
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Labrador Trough (1)
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Nunavut
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Baffin Island (2)
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Ellesmere Island (3)
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Lancaster Sound (1)
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Sverdrup Islands
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Ellef Ringnes Island (1)
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Queen Elizabeth Islands
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Stikinia Terrane (3)
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Western Canada
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Alberta (1)
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Canadian Cordillera (12)
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Canadian Rocky Mountains (1)
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Manitoba
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Snow Lake Manitoba (1)
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Northwest Territories
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Selwyn Basin (1)
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Yukon Territory (8)
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Whitehorse Trough (1)
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Caribbean region
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Antilles
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Cuba
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Hispaniola
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Lesser Antilles
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Guadeloupe
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Trinidad and Tobago
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Tobago (2)
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Bahamas (1)
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-
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Cascade Range (4)
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Cascadia subduction zone (11)
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Caspian Basin (1)
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Caspian Sea (2)
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Central America
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Belize (1)
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Chortis Block (3)
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Costa Rica
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Guatemala
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Motagua Fault (1)
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Colombian Basin (2)
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Russian Federation
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Altai Russian Federation
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Baikal Mountains (1)
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Kamchatka Russian Federation
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Murmansk Russian Federation
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Okhotsk region (1)
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Russian Arctic
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New Siberian Islands (1)
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Russian Pacific region (1)
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Sakhalin Russian Federation
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Sakhalin (1)
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Siberian Platform (5)
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Transbaikalia (1)
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Tuva Russian Federation (1)
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Yakutia Russian Federation
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Ukraine (1)
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Copper River basin (1)
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Davis Strait (1)
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Drake Passage (1)
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DSDP Site 504 (16)
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Dunnage Melange (1)
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Eurasia (5)
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Europe
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French Alps (1)
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Balkan Peninsula (2)
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Greek Macedonia
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Italy
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Shetland Islands
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Unst (1)
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Wales
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Gwynedd Wales
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Merionethshire Wales
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-
-
-
-
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Explorer Plate (3)
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Atlantis II fracture zone (3)
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Naturaliste Plateau (1)
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-
International Ocean Discovery Program
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Expedition 349
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IODP Site U1431 (2)
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IODP Site U1433 (3)
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IODP Site U1434 (2)
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Kerguelen Plateau (4)
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Malay Archipelago
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Mediterranean Sea
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West Mediterranean
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Mexico
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NanTroSEIZE
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Expedition 316
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Expedition 319
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Expedition 322 (1)
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Newfoundland Basin (1)
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North America
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-
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Hawaii
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-
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Mauna Loa (1)
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Pitcairn Island (1)
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Tonga (6)
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-
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ODP Site 1256 (1)
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Pacific Coast (2)
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Pacific Ocean
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Mendocino fracture zone (4)
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-
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Peru-Chile Trench (2)
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Southeast Pacific
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Lau Basin (2)
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Nazca Ridge (1)
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Tonga Trench (4)
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-
-
Equatorial Pacific (17)
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New Caledonia Basin (1)
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North Pacific
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Bering Sea
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-
-
Northeast Pacific
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Axial Seamount (5)
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Blanco fracture zone (3)
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Bristol Bay (1)
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Cascadia Basin (1)
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Cascadia Channel (1)
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Clipperton fracture zone (4)
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Gorda Rise (4)
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Guaymas Basin (2)
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Hawaiian Ridge (1)
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Hess Deep (7)
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Cleft Segment (1)
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CoAxial Segment (1)
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-
-
Mendocino fracture zone (4)
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Middle America Trench (7)
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Murray fracture zone (1)
-
Queen Charlotte Basin (1)
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Siqueiros fracture zone (1)
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Tamayo fracture zone (1)
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-
Northwest Pacific
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Celebes Sea (3)
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Emperor Seamounts (2)
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Izu-Bonin Arc (7)
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Japan Sea
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Oki Ridge (1)
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Ulleung Basin (1)
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Japan Trench (1)
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Nankai Trough (6)
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Philippine Sea
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Pigafetta Basin (2)
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Shatsky Rise (1)
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South China Sea
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-
-
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Pacific Basin (1)
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South Pacific
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Fiji Plateau (1)
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Kermadec Trench (1)
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Louisville Ridge (2)
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Southeast Pacific
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Lau Basin (2)
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Manihiki Plateau (3)
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Nazca Ridge (1)
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Tonga Trench (4)
-
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Bismarck Sea
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Manus Basin
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PACMANUS hydrothermal field (1)
-
-
-
Coral Sea (2)
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Hikurangi Trough (2)
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Lord Howe Rise (1)
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Macquarie Ridge (3)
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North Fiji Basin (1)
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Tasman Sea (4)
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-
-
West Pacific
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Banda Arc (1)
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Indonesian Seas
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Celebes Sea (3)
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Makassar Strait (1)
-
-
Nauru Basin (2)
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Northwest Pacific
-
Celebes Sea (3)
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Emperor Seamounts (2)
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Izu-Bonin Arc (7)
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Japan Sea
-
Oki Ridge (1)
-
Ulleung Basin (1)
-
-
Japan Trench (1)
-
Kumano Basin (1)
-
Mariana Trench (4)
-
Mariana Trough (5)
-
Nankai Trough (6)
-
Okhotsk Sea (1)
-
Okinawa Trough (1)
-
Philippine Sea
-
Kyushu-Palau Ridge (1)
-
Parece Vela Basin (1)
-
-
Pigafetta Basin (2)
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Shatsky Rise (1)
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Shikoku Basin (1)
-
South China Sea
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Manila Trench (1)
-
-
-
Ontong Java Plateau (8)
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Southwest Pacific
-
Bismarck Sea
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Manus Basin
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PACMANUS hydrothermal field (1)
-
-
-
Coral Sea (2)
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Hikurangi Trough (2)
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Lord Howe Rise (1)
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Macquarie Ridge (3)
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North Fiji Basin (1)
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Tasman Sea (4)
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-
-
-
Pacific region
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Circum-Pacific region (5)
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-
polar caps (1)
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polar regions (2)
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Queen Charlotte Fault (3)
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South America
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United States
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Hawaii
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Western U.S. (3)
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commodities
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potash (1)
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elements, isotopes
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boron
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B-11/B-10 (4)
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (11)
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organic carbon (5)
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chemical elements (2)
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chemical ratios (16)
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halogens
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chlorine
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fluorine (2)
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hydrogen
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deuterium (1)
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incompatible elements (3)
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isotope ratios (115)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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C-14 (1)
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Cl-36 (2)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (23)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (19)
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-
Th-232/Th-230 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
B-11/B-10 (4)
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C-13/C-12 (11)
-
Cl-37/Cl-35 (3)
-
D/H (1)
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deuterium (1)
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Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
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He-3 (1)
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He-4/He-3 (6)
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (12)
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Li-7/Li-6 (2)
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Mg-25/Mg-24 (1)
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Mg-26/Mg-24 (4)
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N-15/N-14 (5)
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (49)
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O-17/O-16 (1)
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O-18 (1)
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O-18/O-16 (24)
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Os-188/Os-187 (5)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (23)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (22)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (19)
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Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
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Re-187/Os-188 (3)
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S-34/S-32 (10)
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Si-29/Si-28 (1)
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Si-30/Si-28 (2)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (56)
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large-ion lithophile elements (3)
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metals
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potassium (7)
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alkaline earth metals
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barium (4)
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calcium
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Mg/Ca (3)
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magnesium
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Mg/Ca (3)
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Mg-25/Mg-24 (1)
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Mg-26/Mg-24 (4)
-
-
radium
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Ra-226 (1)
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strontium
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (56)
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-
-
aluminum (3)
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germanium (1)
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gold (4)
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hafnium
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (12)
-
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iron
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Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
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ferrous iron (1)
-
-
lead
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (23)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (22)
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Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (19)
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Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
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manganese (1)
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platinum group
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osmium
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Os-188/Os-187 (5)
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Re-187/Os-188 (3)
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (49)
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samarium
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (5)
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ytterbium (2)
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rhenium
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Re-187/Os-188 (3)
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zirconium (6)
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nitrogen
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N-15/N-14 (5)
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noble gases
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argon (2)
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helium
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He-4/He-3 (6)
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krypton (1)
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neon (1)
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xenon (1)
-
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oxygen
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O-17/O-16 (1)
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O-18 (1)
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O-18/O-16 (24)
-
-
silicon
-
Si-29/Si-28 (1)
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Si-30/Si-28 (2)
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sulfur
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S-34/S-32 (10)
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trace metals (1)
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fossils
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Archaea (1)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Mammalia (1)
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ichnofossils (2)
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Invertebrata
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Protista
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Foraminifera (4)
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microfossils (18)
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Dinoflagellata (2)
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Plantae
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algae
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thallophytes (1)
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geochronology methods
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(U-Th)/He (1)
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Ar/Ar (30)
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fission-track dating (2)
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K/Ar (12)
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Lu/Hf (4)
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paleomagnetism (42)
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U/Pb (69)
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uranium disequilibrium (1)
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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middle Cenozoic (1)
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Quaternary
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Holocene
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Pleistocene
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upper Quaternary
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Tertiary
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lower Tertiary (5)
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Neogene
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Miocene
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Langhian (1)
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Pliocene
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lower Pliocene (1)
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upper Pliocene (1)
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-
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Paleogene
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Eocene
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Chumstick Formation (1)
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Swauk Formation (1)
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lower Paleogene (1)
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Oligocene
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middle Oligocene (1)
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upper Oligocene
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Chattian (1)
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-
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Paleocene
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lower Paleocene
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Danian (1)
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upper Paleocene (1)
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-
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Zambales Ophiolite (1)
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upper Cenozoic (1)
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Wildcat Group (1)
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Mesozoic
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Antalya Complex (1)
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Cretaceous
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Lower Cretaceous
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Albian (4)
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Aptian (4)
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Barremian (2)
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Middle Cretaceous (4)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Campanian
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upper Campanian (1)
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Cenomanian
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upper Cenomanian (1)
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Maestrichtian
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lower Maestrichtian (1)
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Senonian (5)
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Turonian
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lower Turonian (1)
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-
-
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Franciscan Complex (5)
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Great Valley Sequence (2)
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Jurassic
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Coast Range Ophiolite (3)
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Ferrar Group (1)
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Lower Jurassic
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Laberge Group (1)
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Toarcian (2)
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upper Liassic (1)
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Middle Jurassic
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Bajocian (3)
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Bathonian (2)
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Callovian (3)
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Norphlet Formation (1)
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Smartville Complex (2)
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Upper Jurassic
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Cotton Valley Group (1)
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Josephine Ophiolite (1)
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Kimmeridgian (1)
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Malm (1)
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Oxfordian (3)
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Portlandian (2)
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Tithonian (2)
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lower Mesozoic (6)
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Nicoya Complex (2)
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Triassic
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Lower Triassic
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Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
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Middle Triassic
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Ladinian (1)
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Upper Triassic
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Norian (1)
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upper Mesozoic (3)
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Moldanubian (2)
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Paleozoic
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Cambrian
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Carboniferous
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Lower Carboniferous
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Dinantian (1)
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Mississippian
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Middle Mississippian
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Pennsylvanian
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Upper Pennsylvanian (1)
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Upper Carboniferous (1)
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Devonian
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lower Paleozoic
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Ashe Formation (1)
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Bay of Islands Ophiolite (5)
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middle Paleozoic (4)
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Ordovician
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Lower Ordovician
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Arenigian
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Ballantrae Complex (2)
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Saint George Group (1)
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Middle Ordovician (2)
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Wild Bight Group (1)
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Permian
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Guadalupian (1)
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Lower Permian (3)
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Upper Permian
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Lopingian (1)
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Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
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Shoo Fly Complex (1)
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Silurian
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upper Paleozoic
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Calaveras Formation (1)
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Phanerozoic (16)
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Precambrian
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Archean
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Eoarchean (2)
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Kromberg Formation (1)
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Mesoarchean (1)
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Neoarchean
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Dharwar Supergroup (1)
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Paleoarchean (6)
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Yellowknife Group (1)
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Baltimore Gneiss (1)
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Hadean (4)
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Minas Supergroup (1)
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Onverwacht Group (1)
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Sokoman Formation (1)
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Stillwater Complex (1)
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Damara System (2)
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Espinhaco Supergroup (1)
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Mesoproterozoic
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Helikian
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Neohelikian (1)
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-
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Neoproterozoic
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Cryogenian (3)
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Ediacaran (1)
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Tonian (1)
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Torridonian (1)
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Vendian (1)
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Paleoproterozoic
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Orosirian (1)
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Siderian (1)
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Saxothuringian (1)
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igneous rocks
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extrusive rocks (2)
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igneous rocks
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carbonatites (2)
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hypabyssal rocks (2)
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kimberlite (6)
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picrite (10)
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plutonic rocks
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alnoite (1)
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anorthosite (2)
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diabase
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tholeiitic dolerite (1)
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diorites
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ferrodiorite (1)
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plagiogranite (8)
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quartz diorites (5)
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tonalite (6)
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trondhjemite (5)
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gabbros
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olivine gabbro (2)
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troctolite (3)
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granites
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A-type granites (2)
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I-type granites (7)
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leucogranite (1)
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S-type granites (3)
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granodiorites (5)
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pegmatite (3)
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syenites
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nepheline syenite (2)
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ultramafics
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chromitite (2)
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peridotites
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dunite (8)
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garnet lherzolite (1)
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harzburgite (11)
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lherzolite (5)
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spinel lherzolite (1)
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pyroxenite
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websterite (2)
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porphyry (3)
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volcanic rocks
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adakites (12)
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andesites
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andesite porphyry (1)
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boninite (9)
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basalts
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alkali basalts
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alkali olivine basalt (1)
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hawaiite (1)
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mugearite (1)
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spilite (1)
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trachybasalts (1)
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flood basalts (6)
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mid-ocean ridge basalts (75)
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ocean-island basalts (20)
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olivine tholeiite (1)
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shoshonite (2)
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tholeiite (13)
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tholeiitic basalt (8)
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trap rocks (3)
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basanite
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ankaramite (1)
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dacites (7)
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glasses
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volcanic glass (6)
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keratophyre (1)
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komatiite (4)
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limburgite (1)
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phonolites (1)
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pyroclastics
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ash-flow tuff (1)
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hyaloclastite (4)
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pumice (1)
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tuff (2)
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rhyodacites (1)
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rhyolites (5)
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trachyandesites (2)
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trachytes (4)
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-
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ophiolite (165)
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volcanic ash (4)
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wehrlite (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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metamorphic rocks
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amphibolites (14)
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eclogite (44)
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garnetite (1)
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gneisses
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biotite gneiss (1)
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granite gneiss (1)
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orthogneiss (2)
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paragneiss (1)
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granulites (6)
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hornfels (1)
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jadeitite (1)
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listwanite (1)
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marbles
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ophicalcite (3)
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metaigneous rocks
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metabasalt (17)
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metabasite (6)
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metadiabase (3)
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metagabbro (14)
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metagranite (4)
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metakomatiite (1)
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metaperidotite (3)
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metarhyolite (1)
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metatuff (1)
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serpentinite (33)
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metasedimentary rocks
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metagraywacke (1)
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paragneiss (1)
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metasomatic rocks
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serpentinite (33)
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skarn (1)
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metavolcanic rocks (14)
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migmatites (3)
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mylonites
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blastomylonite (1)
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pseudotachylite (1)
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phyllites (1)
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quartzites (1)
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schists
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blueschist (12)
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greenstone (6)
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ophiolite (165)
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turbidite (12)
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meteorites
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meteorites
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stony meteorites
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chondrites (1)
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minerals
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alloys (2)
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borates
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ludwigite (1)
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carbonates
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aragonite (1)
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calcite (4)
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dolomite (1)
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magnesite (3)
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