Skip Nav Destination
natural materials
Update search
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Congo Democratic Republic
-
Shaba Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
-
East Africa
-
Kenya (1)
-
Malawi (1)
-
Tanzania (2)
-
-
North Africa
-
Tunisia (1)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
South Africa
-
Cape Province region (2)
-
Gauteng South Africa
-
Pretoria South Africa (1)
-
-
Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton South Africa (1)
-
-
Northern Cape Province South Africa
-
Kimberley South Africa (1)
-
-
Transvaal region (2)
-
-
-
West Africa
-
Ghana (1)
-
Nigeria
-
Jos Plateau (1)
-
-
-
-
Amelia (1)
-
Antarctica
-
Enderby Land (1)
-
Ross Ice Shelf
-
McMurdo Ice Shelf (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
South Greenland (1)
-
West Greenland (1)
-
-
Svalbard
-
Spitsbergen (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Oman (1)
-
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (1)
-
-
-
-
Far East
-
Borneo
-
East Malaysia
-
Sarawak Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
China
-
Liaoning China (1)
-
North China Platform (1)
-
Xizang China (1)
-
-
Japan
-
Hokkaido (1)
-
Honshu
-
Akita Japan (1)
-
Miyagi Japan
-
Hosokura Mine (1)
-
-
Niigata Japan (1)
-
Ryoke Belt (1)
-
Yamagata Japan (1)
-
Yamaguchi Japan (1)
-
-
Sambagawa Belt (1)
-
Shikoku (1)
-
-
Korea
-
South Korea
-
Janggun Mine (1)
-
-
-
Malaysia
-
East Malaysia
-
Sarawak Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
Philippine Islands
-
Luzon
-
Mount Pinatubo (2)
-
-
-
Taiwan (1)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Maharashtra India
-
Poona India (1)
-
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Israel (1)
-
Turkey
-
Anatolia (2)
-
Konya Basin (1)
-
Konya Turkey (1)
-
-
-
Sri Lanka (1)
-
Tajikistan (1)
-
Tyumen Russian Federation
-
Yamal-Nenets Russian Federation (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Northwest Atlantic (1)
-
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
New South Wales Australia (2)
-
Northern Territory Australia (1)
-
Queensland Australia (1)
-
South Australia
-
Olympic Dam Deposit (1)
-
-
Victoria Australia (1)
-
Western Australia (4)
-
-
New Zealand (1)
-
-
Broken Hill (1)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
Nova Scotia (1)
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Labrador
-
Kiglapait (1)
-
-
Newfoundland (2)
-
-
Ontario
-
Cochrane District Ontario
-
Timmins Ontario (1)
-
-
Hemlo Deposit (1)
-
Strathcona Mine (1)
-
Sudbury Basin (1)
-
-
Quebec
-
Abitibi County Quebec
-
Chibougamau Quebec (1)
-
-
Thetford Mines (1)
-
-
-
Western Canada
-
British Columbia (1)
-
Manitoba
-
Lac du Bonnet Batholith (1)
-
Pinawa Manitoba
-
Underground Research Laboratory (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Caribbean region
-
West Indies
-
Antilles
-
Greater Antilles
-
Cuba (1)
-
-
-
Bahamas (1)
-
-
-
Cascade Range (1)
-
Chesapeake Bay impact structure (1)
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (1)
-
-
-
Russian Federation
-
Karelia Russian Federation (1)
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Kola Peninsula (1)
-
-
Northern Urals (1)
-
Polar Urals (1)
-
Tyumen Russian Federation
-
Yamal-Nenets Russian Federation (1)
-
-
-
Tajikistan (1)
-
Urals
-
Northern Urals (1)
-
Polar Urals (1)
-
-
-
Death Valley (1)
-
East Pacific Ocean Islands
-
Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
-
Hawaii Island
-
Kilauea (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Piedmont Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (1)
-
-
Swiss Alps (2)
-
Western Alps
-
Cottian Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (1)
-
-
-
-
Central Europe
-
Czech Republic
-
Bohemia
-
Kladno Czech Republic (1)
-
Pribram Czech Republic (2)
-
-
Bohemian Basin (1)
-
-
Germany
-
Bavaria Germany (1)
-
Eifel (1)
-
Saxony Germany
-
Schneeberg Germany (1)
-
-
-
Hungary
-
Budapest Hungary (1)
-
-
Switzerland
-
Aar Massif (1)
-
Graubunden Switzerland (1)
-
Swiss Alps (2)
-
Uri Switzerland (1)
-
Valais Switzerland
-
Binnental (2)
-
-
-
-
Karelia Russian Federation (1)
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Kola Peninsula (1)
-
-
Rhenish Schiefergebirge
-
Eifel (1)
-
-
Southern Europe
-
Bulgaria
-
Bulgarian Rhodope Mountains (1)
-
-
Greece
-
Greek Aegean Islands
-
Cyclades
-
Naxos (1)
-
-
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Portugal
-
Panasqueira Portugal (1)
-
-
Spain
-
Andalusia Spain (1)
-
Galicia Spain
-
Lugo Spain (1)
-
-
-
-
Italy
-
Piemonte Italy
-
Dora Maira Massif (1)
-
-
Sardinia Italy (1)
-
Sicily Italy
-
Mount Etna (1)
-
Pantelleria (1)
-
-
Tuscany Italy (1)
-
Valle d'Aosta Italy (1)
-
-
Rhodope Mountains
-
Bulgarian Rhodope Mountains (1)
-
-
Romania (1)
-
Serbia (2)
-
Yugoslavia (2)
-
-
Western Europe
-
Cottian Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (1)
-
-
France
-
Bas-Rhin France
-
Soultz-sous-Forets France (1)
-
-
Brittany (1)
-
Paris Basin (1)
-
Var France
-
Maures Massif (1)
-
-
-
Iceland (1)
-
Ireland (1)
-
Scandinavia
-
Finland (3)
-
Norway
-
Southern Norway (1)
-
Telemark Norway
-
Langesund Fjord (1)
-
-
-
Sweden
-
Varmland Sweden (1)
-
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Shropshire England (1)
-
Wolverhampton England (1)
-
-
Wales (2)
-
-
-
-
-
Green Mountains (1)
-
Hartford Basin (1)
-
Malay Archipelago
-
Borneo
-
East Malaysia
-
Sarawak Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
-
Mediterranean region
-
Aegean Islands
-
Greek Aegean Islands
-
Cyclades
-
Naxos (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Mexico
-
Chihuahua Mexico (2)
-
Moctezuma Mexico (1)
-
Sonora Mexico (1)
-
-
North America
-
Canadian Shield
-
Superior Province (1)
-
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (1)
-
-
North Island (1)
-
Oceania
-
Polynesia
-
Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
-
Hawaii Island
-
Kilauea (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
South America
-
Argentina (1)
-
Brazil
-
Bahia Brazil (1)
-
Goias Brazil (1)
-
Minas Gerais Brazil (3)
-
Rio Grande do Sul Brazil (1)
-
Sao Paulo Brazil (1)
-
-
Chile
-
Tarapaca Chile (2)
-
-
Peru
-
Pasco Peru
-
Cerro de Pasco Peru (1)
-
-
-
-
United States
-
Alaska (1)
-
Arizona
-
Cochise County Arizona
-
Bisbee Arizona (2)
-
-
Pinal County Arizona (1)
-
-
Arkansas
-
Hot Spring County Arkansas (1)
-
-
California
-
Central California (1)
-
Fresno County California (1)
-
Inyo County California (1)
-
Kern County California (1)
-
Marin County California (1)
-
Mendocino County California (1)
-
Orange County California (1)
-
San Benito County California (1)
-
Santa Clara County California (1)
-
Southern California (1)
-
-
Colorado
-
Montrose County Colorado (1)
-
San Juan County Colorado
-
Silverton Caldera (1)
-
-
-
Connecticut
-
Hartford County Connecticut (1)
-
-
Florida (1)
-
Georgia
-
Rabun County Georgia (1)
-
-
Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
-
Hawaii Island
-
Kilauea (1)
-
-
-
-
Kentucky
-
Crittenden County Kentucky (1)
-
-
Louisiana
-
Iberville Parish Louisiana (1)
-
-
Massachusetts
-
Essex County Massachusetts (1)
-
Hampden County Massachusetts (1)
-
-
Montana
-
Deer Lodge County Montana (1)
-
-
Nevada
-
Humboldt County Nevada
-
Getchell Mine (1)
-
-
Nevada Test Site (1)
-
Nye County Nevada
-
Yucca Mountain (1)
-
-
-
New Hampshire
-
Cheshire County New Hampshire (1)
-
-
New Jersey
-
Sussex County New Jersey
-
Sterling Hill (1)
-
-
-
New Mexico
-
Taos County New Mexico
-
Questa Mine (1)
-
-
-
New York
-
Adirondack Mountains (1)
-
Essex County New York (1)
-
Saint Lawrence County New York
-
Balmat-Edwards mining district (1)
-
-
-
North Carolina
-
Macon County North Carolina (1)
-
-
Oregon
-
Clackamas County Oregon (1)
-
Columbia County Oregon (2)
-
Hood River County Oregon (1)
-
Mount Hood (1)
-
-
Pennsylvania
-
Chester County Pennsylvania (1)
-
Delaware County Pennsylvania (1)
-
Lancaster County Pennsylvania (1)
-
-
South Dakota
-
Pennington County South Dakota (1)
-
-
Tennessee (1)
-
Texas
-
Atascosa County Texas (1)
-
Brewster County Texas (1)
-
El Paso County Texas (1)
-
Llano Uplift (1)
-
Nueces County Texas (1)
-
Tyler County Texas (1)
-
West Texas (1)
-
-
Utah
-
Duchesne County Utah (1)
-
-
Vermont
-
Rutland County Vermont
-
Rutland Vermont (1)
-
-
Windham County Vermont (1)
-
-
Virginia
-
Amelia County Virginia (3)
-
-
Western U.S. (2)
-
Wyoming
-
Crook County Wyoming (3)
-
-
-
USSR (4)
-
West Pacific Ocean Islands
-
Kermadec Islands
-
Raoul Island (1)
-
-
-
-
commodities
-
brines (2)
-
ceramic materials (1)
-
construction materials (1)
-
diamond deposits (1)
-
gems (6)
-
geothermal energy (1)
-
glass materials (1)
-
metal ores
-
beryllium ores (1)
-
copper ores (4)
-
gold ores (3)
-
lead ores (1)
-
manganese ores (1)
-
molybdenum ores (1)
-
silver ores (1)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (8)
-
mineral exploration (2)
-
nitrate deposits (2)
-
placers (2)
-
ruby (1)
-
talc deposits (1)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
boron (5)
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (3)
-
-
chemical ratios (2)
-
halogens
-
chlorine
-
chloride ion (3)
-
-
fluorine
-
fluoride ion (2)
-
-
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (1)
-
-
isotope ratios (3)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
U-235 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (3)
-
D/H (1)
-
Fe-57 (2)
-
O-18/O-16 (4)
-
-
-
metals
-
actinides
-
uranium
-
U-235 (1)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
cesium (4)
-
lithium (3)
-
potassium (5)
-
rubidium (1)
-
sodium (12)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (3)
-
calcium (4)
-
magnesium (11)
-
radium
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
-
strontium (2)
-
-
aluminum (15)
-
antimony (1)
-
arsenic (3)
-
bismuth (1)
-
cadmium (1)
-
chromium (5)
-
cobalt (4)
-
gold (5)
-
indium (1)
-
iron
-
Fe-57 (2)
-
ferric iron (12)
-
ferrous iron (9)
-
-
lead (4)
-
manganese (7)
-
mercury (1)
-
molybdenum (1)
-
nickel (5)
-
rare earths
-
lanthanum (1)
-
yttrium (1)
-
-
rhenium (1)
-
silver (2)
-
titanium (3)
-
vanadium (3)
-
zinc (4)
-
zirconium (1)
-
-
nitrogen (2)
-
noble gases
-
radon (1)
-
xenon (1)
-
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (4)
-
-
phosphorus (1)
-
selenium (1)
-
silicon (6)
-
sulfur (2)
-
-
fossils
-
bacteria (2)
-
eukaryotes (1)
-
Invertebrata
-
Cnidaria
-
Anthozoa (1)
-
-
-
Plantae (1)
-
thallophytes (1)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
fission-track dating (1)
-
K/Ar (1)
-
optical mineralogy (1)
-
paleomagnetism (3)
-
radiation damage (4)
-
Re/Os (1)
-
Th/U (1)
-
thermoluminescence (4)
-
uranium disequilibrium (1)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Pleistocene
-
Key Largo Limestone (1)
-
Miami Limestone (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Paintbrush Tuff (1)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
upper Eocene (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (1)
-
-
-
Franciscan Complex (1)
-
Triassic
-
Lower Triassic
-
Bunter (1)
-
-
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Carboniferous
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Marble Falls Group (1)
-
-
-
Ordovician (1)
-
Rangeley Formation (1)
-
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (2)
-
Laramie anorthosite complex (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic (1)
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
kimberlite (4)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (2)
-
diorites
-
tonalite (1)
-
-
gabbros
-
troctolite (1)
-
-
granites
-
graphic granite (1)
-
S-type granites (1)
-
-
lamproite (1)
-
lamprophyres (2)
-
pegmatite (5)
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (1)
-
peridotites
-
harzburgite (1)
-
lherzolite (1)
-
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (1)
-
andesites (2)
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts (1)
-
olivine tholeiite (1)
-
tholeiitic basalt (1)
-
-
dacites (2)
-
glasses
-
obsidian (1)
-
volcanic glass (3)
-
-
pyroclastics
-
tuff (2)
-
-
rhyolites
-
pantellerite (1)
-
-
-
-
ophiolite (1)
-
volcanic ash (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (2)
-
eclogite (1)
-
gneisses
-
biotite gneiss (1)
-
-
granulites (4)
-
marbles (2)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (1)
-
serpentinite (2)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (4)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
serpentinite (2)
-
skarn (2)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (1)
-
migmatites (2)
-
schists
-
blueschist (1)
-
-
slates (2)
-
-
ophiolite (1)
-
-
meteorites
-
meteorites
-
iron meteorites
-
ataxite (1)
-
Cape York Meteorite (1)
-
octahedrite
-
Campo del Cielo Meteorite (1)
-
-
-
stony meteorites
-
achondrites
-
aubrite
-
Norton County Meteorite (1)
-
-
Martian meteorites (1)
-
-
chondrites
-
enstatite chondrites (1)
-
-
-
-
-
minerals
-
alloys
-
carbides
-
moissanite (1)
-
-
-
antimonates (1)
-
antimonites (1)
-
arsenates
-
scorodite (1)
-
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (1)
-
cobaltite (1)
-
gersdorffite (1)
-
-
arsenites (2)
-
borates (6)
-
carbonates
-
ankerite (1)
-
aragonite (2)
-
azurite (1)
-
calcite (8)
-
dolomite (7)
-
huntite (1)
-
magnesite (1)
-
malachite (1)
-
meionite (1)
-
siderite (2)
-
witherite (1)
-
-
copper minerals (2)
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
carnallite (1)
-
halite (1)
-
sylvite (1)
-
vanadinite (1)
-
-
fluorides
-
fluorite (3)
-
topaz (2)
-
zinnwaldite (1)
-
-
-
hydrates (9)
-
iodates (2)
-
iron minerals (1)
-
manganese minerals (1)
-
minerals (407)
-
native elements
-
diamond
-
microdiamond (2)
-
-
graphite (2)
-
-
oxalates
-
weddellite (1)
-
whewellite (1)
-
-
oxides
-
akaganeite (1)
-
aluminum oxides (3)
-
anatase (1)
-
armalcolite (1)
-
asbolite (2)
-
bayerite (1)
-
birnessite (3)
-
boehmite (3)
-
brucite (2)
-
chromite (1)
-
coronadite (1)
-
corundum (7)
-
cuprite (1)
-
diaspore (3)
-
ferrihydrite (4)
-
franklinite (1)
-
gahnite (1)
-
germanates (2)
-
goethite (9)
-
hematite (6)
-
hoegbomite (1)
-
hydroxides (2)
-
ilmenite (1)
-
iron oxides (7)
-
lepidocrocite (1)
-
maghemite (1)
-
magnetite (3)
-
manganese oxides (5)
-
manganite (1)
-
periclase (1)
-
perovskite (1)
-
pseudobrookite (1)
-
pyrolusite (1)
-
rancieite (1)
-
rutile (4)
-
sapphire (1)
-
titanium oxides (4)
-
titanomaghemite (1)
-
titanomagnetite (1)
-
todorokite (2)
-
vernadite (3)
-
-
phosphates
-
amblygonite (1)
-
apatite (8)
-
autunite (1)
-
chlorapatite (2)
-
fluorapatite (2)
-
francolite (1)
-
herderite (1)
-
hydroxylapatite (1)
-
lazulite (1)
-
lithiophilite (1)
-
monazite (1)
-
montebrasite (2)
-
vivianite (2)
-
whitlockite (1)
-
xenotime (1)
-
-
selenates (1)
-
selenides (1)
-
selenites (1)
-
silicates
-
aluminosilicates (14)
-
borosilicates (4)
-
chain silicates
-
aenigmatite group
-
aenigmatite (1)
-
sapphirine (2)
-
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
crocidolite (1)
-
cummingtonite (1)
-
grunerite (2)
-
hastingsite (2)
-
hornblende (2)
-
kaersutite (1)
-
pargasite (1)
-
richterite (1)
-
tirodite (1)
-
tremolite (1)
-
-
-
carpholite (1)
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
augite (6)
-
diopside (3)
-
hedenbergite (1)
-
johannsenite (2)
-
omphacite (4)
-
pigeonite (3)
-
-
orthopyroxene
-
enstatite (1)
-
ferrosilite (1)
-
-
-
pyroxmangite (1)
-
rhodonite group
-
babingtonite (2)
-
rhodonite (1)
-
-
wollastonite group
-
bustamite (1)
-
wollastonite (3)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
anorthoclase (3)
-
cryptoperthite (3)
-
microcline (2)
-
orthoclase (3)
-
perthite (1)
-
sanidine (5)
-
-
barium feldspar
-
paracelsian (1)
-
-
plagioclase
-
albite (16)
-
anorthite (6)
-
oligoclase (1)
-
peristerite (1)
-
reedmergnerite (1)
-
-
-
leucite (2)
-
nepheline group
-
nepheline (1)
-
-
scapolite group
-
meionite (1)
-
-
silica minerals
-
agate (1)
-
amethyst (1)
-
chalcedony (1)
-
coesite (1)
-
cristobalite (1)
-
opal (4)
-
quartz
-
smoky quartz (1)
-
-
stishovite (2)
-
tridymite (1)
-
-
sodalite group
-
genthelvite (1)
-
helvite (1)
-
-
zeolite group
-
analcime (2)
-
clinoptilolite (1)
-
epistilbite (1)
-
ferrierite (1)
-
garronite (1)
-
heulandite (3)
-
mesolite (1)
-
mordenite (1)
-
natrolite (1)
-
scolecite (1)
-
stilbite (1)
-
wairakite (1)
-
-
-
iron silicates (1)
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
andalusite (8)
-
chloritoid (2)
-
dumortierite (2)
-
garnet group
-
almandine (3)
-
andradite (8)
-
grossular (9)
-
hydrogarnet
-
hydrogrossular (1)
-
-
melanite (2)
-
pyrope (3)
-
schorlomite (3)
-
spessartine (1)
-
-
grandidierite (1)
-
kasolite (1)
-
kyanite (3)
-
mullite (2)
-
olivine group
-
fayalite (3)
-
forsterite (5)
-
monticellite (2)
-
olivine (4)
-
tephroite (1)
-
-
phenakite group
-
phenakite (1)
-
-
sillimanite (8)
-
staurolite (6)
-
titanite group
-
malayaite (1)
-
titanite (1)
-
-
topaz (2)
-
uranophane (1)
-
zircon group
-
zircon (6)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
axinite group (1)
-
bertrandite (1)
-
chevkinite group
-
chevkinite (1)
-
perrierite (1)
-
-
epidote group
-
piemontite (1)
-
-
ilvaite (1)
-
kornerupine (2)
-
pumpellyite group
-
pumpellyite (1)
-
-
thortveitite group
-
thortveitite (1)
-
-
vesuvianite (3)
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
beryl (4)
-
cordierite (8)
-
emerald (1)
-
milarite group
-
milarite (1)
-
osumilite (2)
-
-
tourmaline group
-
elbaite (4)
-
schorl (1)
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
cerolite (1)
-
chlorite group
-
chamosite (1)
-
chlorite (4)
-
penninite (1)
-
-
clay minerals
-
allophane (2)
-
dickite (2)
-
halloysite (1)
-
imogolite (1)
-
kaolinite (12)
-
montmorillonite (18)
-
nacrite (1)
-
saponite (2)
-
smectite (15)
-
vermiculite (5)
-
-
clintonite (1)
-
gillespite (2)
-
illite (10)
-
mica group
-
annite (2)
-
biotite (8)
-
glauconite (1)
-
lepidolite (2)
-
muscovite (8)
-
phlogopite (5)
-
zinnwaldite (1)
-
-
palygorskite (1)
-
pyrophyllite (2)
-
rectorite (1)
-
sepiolite (1)
-
sericite (2)
-
serpentine group
-
antigorite (1)
-
chrysotile (2)
-
serpentine (3)
-
-
talc (4)
-
-
-
sulfates
-
alunite (1)
-
anglesite (1)
-
anhydrite (2)
-
barite (1)
-
celestine (2)
-
gypsum (1)
-
melanterite (1)
-
schwertmannite (1)
-
selenite (1)
-
thenardite (2)
-
-
sulfides
-
acanthite (1)
-
aikinite (1)
-
argentite (1)
-
arsenopyrite (1)
-
bismuthinite (1)
-
bornite (2)
-
chalcopyrite (1)
-
cobaltite (1)
-
cooperite (1)
-
cubanite (1)
-
galena (1)
-
genthelvite (1)
-
gersdorffite (1)
-
greigite (1)
-
helvite (1)
-
iron sulfides (3)
-
marcasite (1)
-
millerite (1)
-
molybdenite (1)
-
polydymite (1)
-
pyrite (7)
-
pyrrhotite (7)
-
sphalerite (4)
-
talnakhite (1)
-
troilite (1)
-
ullmannite (1)
-
violarite (1)
-
wurtzite (2)
-
zinc sulfides (2)
-
-
sulfosalts
-
sulfantimonites
-
boulangerite (1)
-
heteromorphite (1)
-
jamesonite (1)
-
meneghinite (1)
-
tetrahedrite (1)
-
-
sulfarsenites (1)
-
sulfobismuthites (1)
-
sulfogermanates
-
renierite (2)
-
-
sulfostannates
-
stannite (1)
-
-
sulfovanadates
-
sulvanite (1)
-
-
-
tellurates (1)
-
tellurides (1)
-
tellurites (2)
-
tungstates
-
wolframite (1)
-
-
uranium minerals (1)
-
vanadates
-
descloizite (1)
-
vanadinite (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (3)
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Congo Democratic Republic
-
Shaba Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
-
East Africa
-
Kenya (1)
-
Malawi (1)
-
Tanzania (2)
-
-
North Africa
-
Tunisia (1)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
South Africa
-
Cape Province region (2)
-
Gauteng South Africa
-
Pretoria South Africa (1)
-
-
Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton South Africa (1)
-
-
Northern Cape Province South Africa
-
Kimberley South Africa (1)
-
-
Transvaal region (2)
-
-
-
West Africa
-
Ghana (1)
-
Nigeria
-
Jos Plateau (1)
-
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Enderby Land (1)
-
Ross Ice Shelf
-
McMurdo Ice Shelf (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
South Greenland (1)
-
West Greenland (1)
-
-
Svalbard
-
Spitsbergen (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Oman (1)
-
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (1)
-
-
-
-
Far East
-
Borneo
-
East Malaysia
-
Sarawak Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
China
-
Liaoning China (1)
-
North China Platform (1)
-
Xizang China (1)
-
-
Japan
-
Hokkaido (1)
-
Honshu
-
Akita Japan (1)
-
Miyagi Japan
-
Hosokura Mine (1)
-
-
Niigata Japan (1)
-
Ryoke Belt (1)
-
Yamagata Japan (1)
-
Yamaguchi Japan (1)
-
-
Sambagawa Belt (1)
-
Shikoku (1)
-
-
Korea
-
South Korea
-
Janggun Mine (1)
-
-
-
Malaysia
-
East Malaysia
-
Sarawak Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
Philippine Islands
-
Luzon
-
Mount Pinatubo (2)
-
-
-
Taiwan (1)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Maharashtra India
-
Poona India (1)
-
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Israel (1)
-
Turkey
-
Anatolia (2)
-
Konya Basin (1)
-
Konya Turkey (1)
-
-
-
Sri Lanka (1)
-
Tajikistan (1)
-
Tyumen Russian Federation
-
Yamal-Nenets Russian Federation (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Northwest Atlantic (1)
-
-
-
atmosphere (1)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
New South Wales Australia (2)
-
Northern Territory Australia (1)
-
Queensland Australia (1)
-
South Australia
-
Olympic Dam Deposit (1)
-
-
Victoria Australia (1)
-
Western Australia (4)
-
-
New Zealand (1)
-
-
bacteria (2)
-
boron (5)
-
brines (2)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
Nova Scotia (1)
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Labrador
-
Kiglapait (1)
-
-
Newfoundland (2)
-
-
Ontario
-
Cochrane District Ontario
-
Timmins Ontario (1)
-
-
Hemlo Deposit (1)
-
Strathcona Mine (1)
-
Sudbury Basin (1)
-
-
Quebec
-
Abitibi County Quebec
-
Chibougamau Quebec (1)
-
-
Thetford Mines (1)
-
-
-
Western Canada
-
British Columbia (1)
-
Manitoba
-
Lac du Bonnet Batholith (1)
-
Pinawa Manitoba
-
Underground Research Laboratory (1)
-
-
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (3)
-
-
Caribbean region
-
West Indies
-
Antilles
-
Greater Antilles
-
Cuba (1)
-
-
-
Bahamas (1)
-
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Pleistocene
-
Key Largo Limestone (1)
-
Miami Limestone (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Paintbrush Tuff (1)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
upper Eocene (1)
-
-
-
-
-
ceramic materials (1)
-
chemical analysis (13)
-
clay mineralogy (70)
-
conservation (1)
-
construction materials (1)
-
continental slope (1)
-
crust (9)
-
crystal chemistry (176)
-
crystal growth (71)
-
crystal structure (287)
-
crystallography (6)
-
data processing (11)
-
Deep Sea Drilling Project
-
IPOD
-
Leg 95
-
DSDP Site 612 (1)
-
-
-
-
deformation (14)
-
diagenesis (4)
-
diamond deposits (1)
-
earthquakes (2)
-
East Pacific Ocean Islands
-
Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
-
Hawaii Island
-
Kilauea (1)
-
-
-
-
-
ecology (1)
-
economic geology (2)
-
electron microscopy (5)
-
environmental geology (2)
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Piedmont Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (1)
-
-
Swiss Alps (2)
-
Western Alps
-
Cottian Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (1)
-
-
-
-
Central Europe
-
Czech Republic
-
Bohemia
-
Kladno Czech Republic (1)
-
Pribram Czech Republic (2)
-
-
Bohemian Basin (1)
-
-
Germany
-
Bavaria Germany (1)
-
Eifel (1)
-
Saxony Germany
-
Schneeberg Germany (1)
-
-
-
Hungary
-
Budapest Hungary (1)
-
-
Switzerland
-
Aar Massif (1)
-
Graubunden Switzerland (1)
-
Swiss Alps (2)
-
Uri Switzerland (1)
-
Valais Switzerland
-
Binnental (2)
-
-
-
-
Karelia Russian Federation (1)
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Kola Peninsula (1)
-
-
Rhenish Schiefergebirge
-
Eifel (1)
-
-
Southern Europe
-
Bulgaria
-
Bulgarian Rhodope Mountains (1)
-
-
Greece
-
Greek Aegean Islands
-
Cyclades
-
Naxos (1)
-
-
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Portugal
-
Panasqueira Portugal (1)
-
-
Spain
-
Andalusia Spain (1)
-
Galicia Spain
-
Lugo Spain (1)
-
-
-
-
Italy
-
Piemonte Italy
-
Dora Maira Massif (1)
-
-
Sardinia Italy (1)
-
Sicily Italy
-
Mount Etna (1)
-
Pantelleria (1)
-
-
Tuscany Italy (1)
-
Valle d'Aosta Italy (1)
-
-
Rhodope Mountains
-
Bulgarian Rhodope Mountains (1)
-
-
Romania (1)
-
Serbia (2)
-
Yugoslavia (2)
-
-
Western Europe
-
Cottian Alps
-
Dora Maira Massif (1)
-
-
France
-
Bas-Rhin France
-
Soultz-sous-Forets France (1)
-
-
Brittany (1)
-
Paris Basin (1)
-
Var France
-
Maures Massif (1)
-
-
-
Iceland (1)
-
Ireland (1)
-
Scandinavia
-
Finland (3)
-
Norway
-
Southern Norway (1)
-
Telemark Norway
-
Langesund Fjord (1)
-
-
-
Sweden
-
Varmland Sweden (1)
-
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Shropshire England (1)
-
Wolverhampton England (1)
-
-
Wales (2)
-
-
-
-
-
faults (2)
-
foliation (2)
-
fractures (7)
-
gems (6)
-
geochemistry (95)
-
geochronology (3)
-
geomorphology (1)
-
geophysical methods (2)
-
geophysics (12)
-
geothermal energy (1)
-
ground water (4)
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (1)
-
-
hydrogeology (1)
-
igneous rocks
-
kimberlite (4)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (2)
-
diorites
-
tonalite (1)
-
-
gabbros
-
troctolite (1)
-
-
granites
-
graphic granite (1)
-
S-type granites (1)
-
-
lamproite (1)
-
lamprophyres (2)
-
pegmatite (5)
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (1)
-
peridotites
-
harzburgite (1)
-
lherzolite (1)
-
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (1)
-
andesites (2)
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts (1)
-
olivine tholeiite (1)
-
tholeiitic basalt (1)
-
-
dacites (2)
-
glasses
-
obsidian (1)
-
volcanic glass (3)
-
-
pyroclastics
-
tuff (2)
-
-
rhyolites
-
pantellerite (1)
-
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (14)
-
-
intrusions (3)
-
Invertebrata
-
Cnidaria
-
Anthozoa (1)
-
-
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
U-235 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (3)
-
D/H (1)
-
Fe-57 (2)
-
O-18/O-16 (4)
-
-
-
lava (1)
-
magmas (13)
-
Malay Archipelago
-
Borneo
-
East Malaysia
-
Sarawak Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
-
mantle (14)
-
Mediterranean region
-
Aegean Islands
-
Greek Aegean Islands
-
Cyclades
-
Naxos (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (1)
-
-
-
Franciscan Complex (1)
-
Triassic
-
Lower Triassic
-
Bunter (1)
-
-
-
-
metal ores
-
beryllium ores (1)
-
copper ores (4)
-
gold ores (3)
-
lead ores (1)
-
manganese ores (1)
-
molybdenum ores (1)
-
silver ores (1)
-
-
metals
-
actinides
-
uranium
-
U-235 (1)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
cesium (4)
-
lithium (3)
-
potassium (5)
-
rubidium (1)
-
sodium (12)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (3)
-
calcium (4)
-
magnesium (11)
-
radium
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
-
strontium (2)
-
-
aluminum (15)
-
antimony (1)
-
arsenic (3)
-
bismuth (1)
-
cadmium (1)
-
chromium (5)
-
cobalt (4)
-
gold (5)
-
indium (1)
-
iron
-
Fe-57 (2)
-
ferric iron (12)
-
ferrous iron (9)
-
-
lead (4)
-
manganese (7)
-
mercury (1)
-
molybdenum (1)
-
nickel (5)
-
rare earths
-
lanthanum (1)
-
yttrium (1)
-
-
rhenium (1)
-
silver (2)
-
titanium (3)
-
vanadium (3)
-
zinc (4)
-
zirconium (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (2)
-
eclogite (1)
-
gneisses
-
biotite gneiss (1)
-
-
granulites (4)
-
marbles (2)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (1)
-
serpentinite (2)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (4)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
serpentinite (2)
-
skarn (2)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (1)
-
migmatites (2)
-
schists
-
blueschist (1)
-
-
slates (2)
-
-
metamorphism (13)
-
metasomatism (9)
-
meteorites
-
iron meteorites
-
ataxite (1)
-
Cape York Meteorite (1)
-
octahedrite
-
Campo del Cielo Meteorite (1)
-
-
-
stony meteorites
-
achondrites
-
aubrite
-
Norton County Meteorite (1)
-
-
Martian meteorites (1)
-
-
chondrites
-
enstatite chondrites (1)
-
-
-
-
Mexico
-
Chihuahua Mexico (2)
-
Moctezuma Mexico (1)
-
Sonora Mexico (1)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (8)
-
mineral exploration (2)
-
mineralogy (85)
-
minerals (407)
-
Moon (2)
-
nitrate deposits (2)
-
nitrogen (2)
-
noble gases
-
radon (1)
-
xenon (1)
-
-
North America
-
Canadian Shield
-
Superior Province (1)
-
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (1)
-
-
Ocean Drilling Program
-
Leg 150
-
ODP Site 903 (1)
-
ODP Site 904 (1)
-
-
-
Oceania
-
Polynesia
-
Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
-
Hawaii Island
-
Kilauea (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (4)
-
-
paleomagnetism (3)
-
Paleozoic
-
Carboniferous
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Marble Falls Group (1)
-
-
-
Ordovician (1)
-
Rangeley Formation (1)
-
-
paragenesis (4)
-
petrology (5)
-
phase equilibria (77)
-
phosphorus (1)
-
placers (2)
-
planetology (1)
-
Plantae (1)
-
pollution (9)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (2)
-
Laramie anorthosite complex (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic (1)
-
-
-
reclamation (1)
-
rock mechanics (7)
-
sea water (1)
-
sedimentary rocks
-
carbonate rocks
-
limestone
-
micrite (2)
-
-
travertine (1)
-
-
chemically precipitated rocks
-
evaporites
-
salt (3)
-
-
iron formations
-
banded iron formations (2)
-
-
phosphate rocks (1)
-
-
clastic rocks
-
bentonite (4)
-
graywacke (1)
-
sandstone (4)
-
shale (1)
-
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
biogenic structures
-
bioherms
-
mud mounds (1)
-
-
-
-
sediments
-
carbonate sediments (1)
-
clastic sediments
-
clay (3)
-
dust (1)
-
kaolin (1)
-
mud (1)
-
-
marine sediments (1)
-
-
selenium (1)
-
silicon (6)
-
slope stability (1)
-
soil mechanics (1)
-
soils
-
Hydromorphic soils (1)
-
laterites (2)
-
Podzols (1)
-
-
South America
-
Argentina (1)
-
Brazil
-
Bahia Brazil (1)
-
Goias Brazil (1)
-
Minas Gerais Brazil (3)
-
Rio Grande do Sul Brazil (1)
-
Sao Paulo Brazil (1)
-
-
Chile
-
Tarapaca Chile (2)
-
-
Peru
-
Pasco Peru
-
Cerro de Pasco Peru (1)
-
-
-
-
spectroscopy
-
electron paramagnetic resonance (1)
-
-
springs (3)
-
standard materials (3)
-
structural analysis (4)
-
structural geology (1)
-
sulfur (2)
-
talc deposits (1)
-
tectonics (1)
-
tektites (1)
-
thallophytes (1)
-
thermal waters (1)
-
United States
-
Alaska (1)
-
Arizona
-
Cochise County Arizona
-
Bisbee Arizona (2)
-
-
Pinal County Arizona (1)
-
-
Arkansas
-
Hot Spring County Arkansas (1)
-
-
California
-
Central California (1)
-
Fresno County California (1)
-
Inyo County California (1)
-
Kern County California (1)
-
Marin County California (1)
-
Mendocino County California (1)
-
Orange County California (1)
-
San Benito County California (1)
-
Santa Clara County California (1)
-
Southern California (1)
-
-
Colorado
-
Montrose County Colorado (1)
-
San Juan County Colorado
-
Silverton Caldera (1)
-
-
-
Connecticut
-
Hartford County Connecticut (1)
-
-
Florida (1)
-
Georgia
-
Rabun County Georgia (1)
-
-
Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
-
Hawaii Island
-
Kilauea (1)
-
-
-
-
Kentucky
-
Crittenden County Kentucky (1)
-
-
Louisiana
-
Iberville Parish Louisiana (1)
-
-
Massachusetts
-
Essex County Massachusetts (1)
-
Hampden County Massachusetts (1)
-
-
Montana
-
Deer Lodge County Montana (1)
-
-
Nevada
-
Humboldt County Nevada
-
Getchell Mine (1)
-
-
Nevada Test Site (1)
-
Nye County Nevada
-
Yucca Mountain (1)
-
-
-
New Hampshire
-
Cheshire County New Hampshire (1)
-
-
New Jersey
-
Sussex County New Jersey
-
Sterling Hill (1)
-
-
-
New Mexico
-
Taos County New Mexico
-
Questa Mine (1)
-
-
-
New York
-
Adirondack Mountains (1)
-
Essex County New York (1)
-
Saint Lawrence County New York
-
Balmat-Edwards mining district (1)
-
-
-
North Carolina
-
Macon County North Carolina (1)
-
-
Oregon
-
Clackamas County Oregon (1)
-
Columbia County Oregon (2)
-
Hood River County Oregon (1)
-
Mount Hood (1)
-
-
Pennsylvania
-
Chester County Pennsylvania (1)
-
Delaware County Pennsylvania (1)
-
Lancaster County Pennsylvania (1)
-
-
South Dakota
-
Pennington County South Dakota (1)
-
-
Tennessee (1)
-
Texas
-
Atascosa County Texas (1)
-
Brewster County Texas (1)
-
El Paso County Texas (1)
-
Llano Uplift (1)
-
Nueces County Texas (1)
-
Tyler County Texas (1)
-
West Texas (1)
-
-
Utah
-
Duchesne County Utah (1)
-
-
Vermont
-
Rutland County Vermont
-
Rutland Vermont (1)
-
-
Windham County Vermont (1)
-
-
Virginia
-
Amelia County Virginia (3)
-
-
Western U.S. (2)
-
Wyoming
-
Crook County Wyoming (3)
-
-
-
USSR (4)
-
waste disposal (3)
-
weathering (7)
-
well-logging (1)
-
West Pacific Ocean Islands
-
Kermadec Islands
-
Raoul Island (1)
-
-
-
X-ray analysis (11)
-
-
sedimentary rocks
-
sedimentary rocks
-
carbonate rocks
-
limestone
-
micrite (2)
-
-
travertine (1)
-
-
chemically precipitated rocks
-
evaporites
-
salt (3)
-
-
iron formations
-
banded iron formations (2)
-
-
phosphate rocks (1)
-
-
clastic rocks
-
bentonite (4)
-
graywacke (1)
-
sandstone (4)
-
shale (1)
-
-
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
channels (1)
-
sedimentary structures
-
biogenic structures
-
bioherms
-
mud mounds (1)
-
-
-
-
-
sediments
-
sediments
-
carbonate sediments (1)
-
clastic sediments
-
clay (3)
-
dust (1)
-
kaolin (1)
-
mud (1)
-
-
marine sediments (1)
-
-
-
soils
-
soils
-
Hydromorphic soils (1)
-
laterites (2)
-
Podzols (1)
-
-
Vertisols (1)
-
GeoRef Categories
Era and Period