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NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
North Africa
-
Egypt
-
Nile Delta (4)
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Karoo Basin (1)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (1)
-
Eastern Cape Province South Africa (1)
-
-
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Norwegian Sea (1)
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Rub' al Khali (1)
-
Saudi Arabia (1)
-
-
Central Asia
-
Caspian Depression (3)
-
Kazakhstan
-
Almaty Kazakhstan (1)
-
-
-
Far East
-
Borneo
-
Brunei (3)
-
East Malaysia
-
Sarawak Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
Burma (1)
-
China
-
Tangshan China (1)
-
-
Indonesia
-
Java (6)
-
-
Japan
-
Honshu
-
Kii Peninsula (1)
-
-
Shimanto Belt (1)
-
-
Lesser Sunda Islands
-
Timor (1)
-
-
Malaysia
-
East Malaysia
-
Sarawak Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
Taiwan (2)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
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India
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Bengal Islands
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Andaman Islands (3)
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Nicobar Islands (1)
-
-
-
Pakistan
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Baluchistan Pakistan (1)
-
-
-
Lake Baikal (2)
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Middle East
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Cyprus (1)
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Dead Sea (1)
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Dead Sea Rift (1)
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Iran (2)
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Israel
-
Negev (1)
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-
Turkey
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Bosporus (1)
-
-
-
Novosibirsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Russian Pacific region (1)
-
Sakhalin Russian Federation
-
Kuril Islands
-
Kunashir Island (1)
-
-
Sakhalin (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Barbados Ridge (1)
-
Bay of Fundy (1)
-
Blake-Bahama Outer Ridge (1)
-
Caribbean Sea (2)
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Gulf of Cadiz (1)
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Gulf of Maine (1)
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Gulf of Mexico
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Sigsbee Escarpment (1)
-
-
Gulf of Saint Lawrence (1)
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Hudson Bay (1)
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North Sea (3)
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Northeast Atlantic (2)
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Porcupine Basin (2)
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Rockall Trough (1)
-
-
South Atlantic
-
Southeast Atlantic (1)
-
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
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Northern Territory Australia
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Gosses Bluff (1)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Canterbury New Zealand
-
Christchurch New Zealand (1)
-
-
Gisborne New Zealand (1)
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Raukumara Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
Baram Delta (2)
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Black Sea region (1)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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James Bay (1)
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Maritime Provinces
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Nova Scotia (1)
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Quebec (1)
-
-
Hudson Bay (1)
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Western Canada
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British Columbia (1)
-
-
-
Caribbean region
-
West Indies
-
Antilles
-
Lesser Antilles
-
Barbados (2)
-
Trinidad and Tobago
-
Trinidad (3)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Caspian Basin (9)
-
Caspian Sea (6)
-
Central America
-
Costa Rica (2)
-
Nicaragua (1)
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Panama (2)
-
-
Central Graben (1)
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Chicxulub Crater (1)
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
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Azerbaijan
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Baku Azerbaijan (1)
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Azov Sea (2)
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Caucasus (2)
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Kazakhstan
-
Almaty Kazakhstan (1)
-
-
Russian Federation
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Krasnodar Russian Federation
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Taman Peninsula (1)
-
-
Lake Baikal (2)
-
Moscow Russian Federation (1)
-
Novosibirsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Russian Pacific region (1)
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Sakhalin Russian Federation
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Kuril Islands
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Kunashir Island (1)
-
-
Sakhalin (1)
-
-
-
Ukraine
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Crimea Ukraine
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Kerch Peninsula (1)
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-
-
-
Death Valley (1)
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Eurasia (1)
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Europe
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Alps
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Swiss Alps (1)
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Azerbaijan
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Baku Azerbaijan (1)
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Azov region (1)
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Azov Sea (2)
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Caucasus (2)
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Central Europe
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Germany
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Brandenburg Germany
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Potsdam Germany (1)
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-
-
Switzerland
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Swiss Alps (1)
-
-
-
Danube Delta (1)
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Krasnodar Russian Federation
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Taman Peninsula (1)
-
-
Moscow Russian Federation (1)
-
Southern Europe
-
Greece
-
Peloponnesus Greece (1)
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
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Spain
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Betic Cordillera (1)
-
-
-
Italy
-
Abruzzi Italy (1)
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Apennines
-
Central Apennines (1)
-
Northern Apennines (2)
-
-
Emilia-Romagna Italy
-
Modena Italy (1)
-
-
-
-
Ukraine
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Crimea Ukraine
-
Kerch Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
Western Europe
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Ireland
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Clare Ireland (1)
-
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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England
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Shropshire England (1)
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-
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-
-
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Imperial Valley (1)
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Indian Ocean
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Andaman Sea (2)
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Arabian Sea (1)
-
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Kura Lowland (1)
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Makran (1)
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Malay Archipelago
-
Borneo
-
Brunei (3)
-
East Malaysia
-
Sarawak Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
Timor (1)
-
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
East Mediterranean
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Aegean Sea (1)
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Black Sea (3)
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Florence Rise (1)
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Levantine Basin (1)
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-
Hellenic Trench (1)
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Mediterranean Ridge (6)
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West Mediterranean
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Alboran Sea (1)
-
-
-
Mexico (1)
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New River (1)
-
North Island (1)
-
Oceania
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Micronesia
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Mariana Islands (1)
-
-
-
Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific
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Northeast Pacific
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Middle America Trench (1)
-
Santa Monica Basin (1)
-
-
Southeast Pacific (1)
-
-
Equatorial Pacific (2)
-
North Pacific
-
Northeast Pacific
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Middle America Trench (1)
-
Santa Monica Basin (1)
-
-
Northwest Pacific
-
Mariana Trench (1)
-
Okhotsk Sea (2)
-
South China Sea
-
Qiongdongnan Basin (1)
-
-
-
-
South Pacific
-
Southeast Pacific (1)
-
Southwest Pacific (1)
-
-
West Pacific
-
Northwest Pacific
-
Mariana Trench (1)
-
Okhotsk Sea (2)
-
South China Sea
-
Qiongdongnan Basin (1)
-
-
-
Southwest Pacific (1)
-
-
-
South America
-
Andes
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Western Cordillera (1)
-
-
Colombia
-
Santander Colombia (1)
-
-
-
South Island (1)
-
United States
-
California
-
Central California (1)
-
Imperial County California (1)
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Inyo County California (1)
-
Monterey Bay (1)
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Salton Sea (1)
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San Gregorio Fault (1)
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Southern California (1)
-
-
Death Valley National Park (1)
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Louisiana (1)
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Montana (1)
-
Nevada
-
Pershing County Nevada
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Humboldt Range (1)
-
-
-
Washington
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Puget Lowland (1)
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Snohomish County Washington (1)
-
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Western U.S. (1)
-
Wyoming (1)
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Yellowstone National Park (1)
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USSR (1)
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commodities
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barite deposits (1)
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bitumens (1)
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geothermal energy (1)
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metal ores
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lead-zinc deposits (1)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (1)
-
oil and gas fields (7)
-
petroleum
-
natural gas (10)
-
-
water resources (1)
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zeolite deposits (1)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
boron
-
B-11/B-10 (1)
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (5)
-
C-14 (3)
-
organic carbon (1)
-
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (2)
-
-
isotope ratios (8)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
C-14 (3)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
B-11/B-10 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (5)
-
D/H (2)
-
O-18/O-16 (4)
-
S-34/S-32 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
-
-
metals
-
alkaline earth metals
-
calcium (1)
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
-
-
rare earths (1)
-
-
noble gases
-
radon (1)
-
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (4)
-
-
sulfur
-
S-34/S-32 (1)
-
-
-
fossils
-
ichnofossils (1)
-
Invertebrata
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia (2)
-
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera
-
Rotaliina
-
Globigerinacea
-
Globotruncanidae
-
Globotruncana (1)
-
-
Hantkenina (1)
-
-
-
-
Radiolaria (1)
-
-
-
microfossils (4)
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
nannofossils (1)
-
-
-
thallophytes (1)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
tree rings (1)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (3)
-
-
Pleistocene (3)
-
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
upper Miocene
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Messinian (4)
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Tortonian (1)
-
-
-
Pliocene (6)
-
upper Neogene (1)
-
-
Paleogene
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Eocene
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middle Eocene (1)
-
upper Eocene (1)
-
-
Oligocene (3)
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
Danian (1)
-
-
upper Paleocene (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
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Albian (1)
-
Aptian (1)
-
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Santonian (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Upper Jurassic
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Kimmeridge Clay (1)
-
-
-
Triassic (1)
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian (1)
-
Carboniferous (2)
-
Ordovician
-
Meguma Group (1)
-
-
Permian (1)
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Dwyka Formation (1)
-
-
-
Precambrian
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Neoproterozoic
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Ediacaran (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
extrusive rocks (3)
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (1)
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (1)
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
basalts
-
flood basalts (1)
-
-
-
-
ophiolite (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
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metaigneous rocks
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serpentinite (1)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
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serpentinite (1)
-
-
schists
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tourmalinite (1)
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-
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ophiolite (1)
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turbidite (1)
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-
minerals
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carbonates
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aragonite (1)
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calcite (2)
-
-
hydrates (1)
-
minerals (3)
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native elements (1)
-
silicates
-
framework silicates
-
zeolite group (1)
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-
sheet silicates
-
clay minerals
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smectite (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfates
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anhydrite (1)
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gypsum (1)
-
halotrichite (1)
-
melanterite (1)
-
voltaite (1)
-
-
sulfides
-
pyrite (2)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (3)
-
Africa
-
North Africa
-
Egypt
-
Nile Delta (4)
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Karoo Basin (1)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (1)
-
Eastern Cape Province South Africa (1)
-
-
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Norwegian Sea (1)
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Rub' al Khali (1)
-
Saudi Arabia (1)
-
-
Central Asia
-
Caspian Depression (3)
-
Kazakhstan
-
Almaty Kazakhstan (1)
-
-
-
Far East
-
Borneo
-
Brunei (3)
-
East Malaysia
-
Sarawak Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
Burma (1)
-
China
-
Tangshan China (1)
-
-
Indonesia
-
Java (6)
-
-
Japan
-
Honshu
-
Kii Peninsula (1)
-
-
Shimanto Belt (1)
-
-
Lesser Sunda Islands
-
Timor (1)
-
-
Malaysia
-
East Malaysia
-
Sarawak Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
Taiwan (2)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Bengal Islands
-
Andaman Islands (3)
-
Nicobar Islands (1)
-
-
-
Pakistan
-
Baluchistan Pakistan (1)
-
-
-
Lake Baikal (2)
-
Middle East
-
Cyprus (1)
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Dead Sea (1)
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Dead Sea Rift (1)
-
Iran (2)
-
Israel
-
Negev (1)
-
-
Turkey
-
Bosporus (1)
-
-
-
Novosibirsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Russian Pacific region (1)
-
Sakhalin Russian Federation
-
Kuril Islands
-
Kunashir Island (1)
-
-
Sakhalin (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Barbados Ridge (1)
-
Bay of Fundy (1)
-
Blake-Bahama Outer Ridge (1)
-
Caribbean Sea (2)
-
Gulf of Cadiz (1)
-
Gulf of Maine (1)
-
Gulf of Mexico
-
Sigsbee Escarpment (1)
-
-
Gulf of Saint Lawrence (1)
-
Hudson Bay (1)
-
North Sea (3)
-
Northeast Atlantic (2)
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Porcupine Basin (2)
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Rockall Trough (1)
-
-
South Atlantic
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Southeast Atlantic (1)
-
-
-
atmosphere (1)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Northern Territory Australia
-
Gosses Bluff (1)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Canterbury New Zealand
-
Christchurch New Zealand (1)
-
-
Gisborne New Zealand (1)
-
Raukumara Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
barite deposits (1)
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bibliography (1)
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bitumens (1)
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boron
-
B-11/B-10 (1)
-
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
James Bay (1)
-
Maritime Provinces
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Nova Scotia (1)
-
-
Quebec (1)
-
-
Hudson Bay (1)
-
Western Canada
-
British Columbia (1)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (5)
-
C-14 (3)
-
organic carbon (1)
-
-
Caribbean region
-
West Indies
-
Antilles
-
Lesser Antilles
-
Barbados (2)
-
Trinidad and Tobago
-
Trinidad (3)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Caspian Sea (6)
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (3)
-
-
Pleistocene (3)
-
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
upper Miocene
-
Messinian (4)
-
Tortonian (1)
-
-
-
Pliocene (6)
-
upper Neogene (1)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
middle Eocene (1)
-
upper Eocene (1)
-
-
Oligocene (3)
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
Danian (1)
-
-
upper Paleocene (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Central America
-
Costa Rica (2)
-
Nicaragua (1)
-
Panama (2)
-
-
chemical analysis (1)
-
clay mineralogy (3)
-
continental shelf (1)
-
continental slope (1)
-
crust (2)
-
crystal growth (1)
-
data processing (8)
-
Deep Sea Drilling Project
-
IPOD
-
Leg 84
-
DSDP Site 570 (1)
-
-
-
Leg 11
-
DSDP Site 105 (1)
-
-
Leg 14
-
DSDP Site 135 (1)
-
-
Leg 42B
-
DSDP Site 379 (1)
-
-
-
deformation (7)
-
diagenesis (1)
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Earth (1)
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earthquakes (10)
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economic geology (2)
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engineering geology (1)
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Eurasia (1)
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Europe
-
Alps
-
Swiss Alps (1)
-
-
Azerbaijan
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Baku Azerbaijan (1)
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-
Azov region (1)
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Azov Sea (2)
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Caucasus (2)
-
Central Europe
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Germany
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Brandenburg Germany
-
Potsdam Germany (1)
-
-
-
Switzerland
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Swiss Alps (1)
-
-
-
Danube Delta (1)
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Krasnodar Russian Federation
-
Taman Peninsula (1)
-
-
Moscow Russian Federation (1)
-
Southern Europe
-
Greece
-
Peloponnesus Greece (1)
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Spain
-
Betic Cordillera (1)
-
-
-
Italy
-
Abruzzi Italy (1)
-
Apennines
-
Central Apennines (1)
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Northern Apennines (2)
-
-
Emilia-Romagna Italy
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Modena Italy (1)
-
-
-
-
Ukraine
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Crimea Ukraine
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Kerch Peninsula (1)
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-
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Western Europe
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Ireland
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Clare Ireland (1)
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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England
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Shropshire England (1)
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faults (35)
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folds (11)
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fractures (4)
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geochemistry (8)
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geochronology (1)
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geodesy (1)
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geomorphology (10)
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geophysical methods (44)
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geothermal energy (1)
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ground water (4)
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heat flow (3)
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hydrogen
-
D/H (2)
-
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hydrology (1)
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ichnofossils (1)
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (1)
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (1)
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
basalts
-
flood basalts (1)
-
-
-
-
Indian Ocean
-
Andaman Sea (2)
-
Arabian Sea (1)
-
-
intrusions (9)
-
Invertebrata
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia (2)
-
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera
-
Rotaliina
-
Globigerinacea
-
Globotruncanidae
-
Globotruncana (1)
-
-
Hantkenina (1)
-
-
-
-
Radiolaria (1)
-
-
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
C-14 (3)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
B-11/B-10 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (5)
-
D/H (2)
-
O-18/O-16 (4)
-
S-34/S-32 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
-
-
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
mud volcanoes
The role of mobile muds in basin form and fill in the tectonic and sedimentologically complex region of the Southeastern Margin of the Caribbean Plate, Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies
Structure and formation of mud volcanoes in the South Caspian Basin according to seismic data
Shortening a mixed salt and mobile shale system: A case study from East Breaks, northwest Gulf of Mexico
Oil and Gas Content of the South Caspian Basin
Unlocking the Nile Delta subsurface via advanced processing and imaging
Modeling mobile shales under contraction: Critical analyses of new analog simulations of shale tectonics and comparison with salt-bearing systems
Myth busting: Was Pulau Tiga really first created by a mud volcano eruption in 1897?
Carbonate mounds formed by mud volcanism at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary, Saudi Arabia
Clumped isotope evidence for microbial alteration of thermogenic methane in terrestrial mud volcanoes
Mud volcanoes guided by thrusting in compressional settings
Crater formation during the onset of mud volcanism
Engineering geomorphological reconnaissance of the December 2018 Waimata Valley mud volcano eruption, Gisborne, New Zealand
Sea bottom characteristics and geochemistry of oil and gas seeps in the Gulf of Mexico
Radon Monitoring in Artesian Wells at Mato-san Area of South Taiwan for Mud Eruption Studies
Determining 3D seismic characteristics of the conduit system of the Changchang sag, Qiongdongnan Basin
Focused fluid flow systems discovered from seismic data at the southern margin of the South China Sea
The genesis of a giant mud canopy by catastrophic failure of a thick evaporite sealing layer
Structure of giant buried mud volcanoes in the South Caspian Basin: Enhanced seismic image and field gravity data by using normalized full gradient method
Structural features and formation conditions of mud diapirs in the Andaman Sea Basin
The history of the upstream oil and gas industry in Italy
Abstract The aim of this work is to provide a synthetic history of the Italian upstream oil and gas industry, from its early start until today. Among European countries, Italy has one of the richest abundance of evidence of hydrocarbon seepages. The populations that have inhabited the country during the various historical periods took advantage of these phenomena, harvesting oil and bitumen from the surface. A testimony of such activity is an ingot of purified bitumen dated as first century AD found in central Italy. In the nineteenth century, seepages attracted the interest of oil companies that began to explore the Apennines. The drilling of the first modern oil well was realized in 1860 near Ozzano (Parma). The first onshore seismic reflection survey was acquired in 1940. The well Caviaga-1 was drilled in 1944 near Milan, discovering a gas field of 12.5 Bcm. It was one of the major European gas fields and it marked the starting point of the modern Italian petroleum industry. The widespread use of seismic reflection triggered an intense period of exploration. The first material oil discoveries were Ragusa (in 1954) and Gela (in 1956), both in Sicily. By the mid-1950s, the first offshore seismic survey started in the Adriatic Sea. In 1959, the drilling of well Gela 21, the first offshore well in Europe, boosted further exploration possibilities. During the following decades, the level of exploration and production (E&P) activities remained high, while from the beginning of the third millennium there has been a general slowdown. Since 2007, the level of exploration drilling has dropped to under 10 wells per year. In 2014, this negative trend was further confirmed with no exploratory wells drilled. The causes of this decline derive from the exploration maturity of the biogenic gas play and from the heavy bureaucratic processes involved in obtaining authorization. However, the main cause is probably the strong opposition from environmentalist associations to any kind of petroleum activities.