... estimation via analysis of converted-wave moveout and tomography is still immature. We derive a general residual moveout (RMO) relation as a function of incident angle or as a reflection angle for converted waves, which can be used for converted-wave tomography based on angle-domain common-image gathers. Our...

... as residual moveout (RMO) effects induced by erroneous velocity models. Surface-offset extensions have proven to be a robust alternative to angle gathers as well as subsurface extensions when applied to narrow-azimuth data acquisitions, especially when using erroneous velocity models. As such, least-squares...

... axis. Our approximation for traveltime is a modified version of the extended generalized moveout approximation that comprises six parameters. Our direct approximations for the ray parameter and curvature use new algebraically simple equations with three parameters. We define these parameters for each...

... accordingly to achieve better signal alignment before stacking. Specifically, we have developed a 2.5D MF reflection traveltime equation that explicitly takes into account the midpoint dispersion and cross-dip effects. The new formulation corrects for normal, inline, and crossline dip moveouts (DMOs...

... (Figure  9 ) is a stacked data set after applying dip-moveout. The size of the data set is 1750 × 401 . The temporal sampling is 4 ms, and the spatial sampling is 0.0167 km. This data set has been studied previously by Decker et al. (2017) . Figure  10 plots a comparison of separated...

... at Brady Hot Springs, Nevada, USA. Although this data set was acquired with the original intent of monitoring changes in a geothermal reservoir, it is shown that the data can also be used to identify and monitor vehicle movements on a nearby highway. Analysis of moveout patterns and recorded amplitudes...

...Luke Decker; Qunshan Zhang ABSTRACT We have developed a novel application of dynamic time warping (DTW) for correcting residual moveout in image gathers, enhancing seismic images, and determining azimuthal anisotropic orientation and relative intensity when moveout is caused by wave propagation...

...Véronique Farra; Ivan Pšenčík ABSTRACT We present an approximate nonhyperbolic P-wave moveout formula applicable to horizontally layered media of moderate or weak anisotropy of arbitrary symmetry and orientation. Anisotropy symmetry and its orientation may differ from layer to layer. Instead...

...Yanadet Sripanich; Sergey Fomel; Jeannot Trampert; William Burnett; Thomas Hess ABSTRACT Parameter estimation from reflection moveout analysis represents one of the most fundamental problems in subsurface model building. We have developed an efficient moveout inversion method based on the process...

... phase velocity equation is readily calculated, there is not an explicit equation for the exact group velocity as a function of group angle nor for the traveltime as a function of offset. Accordingly, we have developed new approximate phase velocity, group velocity, and moveout equations for acoustic...

...Shibo Xu; Alexey Stovas ABSTRACT The moveout approximations are commonly used in seismic data processing such as velocity analysis, modeling, and time migration. The anisotropic effect is very obvious for a converted wave when estimating the physical and processing parameters from the real data...

...Dingyue Chang; Cai Zhang; Tianyue Hu; Dan Wang ABSTRACT Moveout correction for irregular topography has been a longstanding challenge in processing seismic exploration data. Irregular topography usually results in large moveout among traces, a low signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), and difficulty...

.... The objective function of our new method consists of three terms: The first and second terms penalize the moveout residuals computed from PP and PS plane-wave CIGs, respectively, and the third term constrains the nonzero relative depth shifts between the PP and PS migration images. The moveout of plane-wave...

... velocity model is known and are very sensitive to errors in its estimation. Velocity is often estimated at recording borehole locations and calibrated if possible. However, calibration requires manual picking that may induce errors. We use moveout-corrected gathers, whose flatness serves as an objective...

...Véronique Farra; Ivan Pšenčík ABSTRACT A description of the subsurface is incomplete without the use of S-waves. Use of converted waves is one way to involve S-waves. We have developed and tested an approximate formula for the reflection moveout of a wave converted at a horizontal reflector...

...Yue Ma; Yi Luo; Panos Kelamis ABSTRACT Normal moveout (NMO) correction is routinely applied to each common-midpoint (CMP) gather before forming a stack section. Trace stretching is inherent in the conventional NMO correction, causing frequency distortion and temporal resolution degradation...

.... Nonhyperbolic velocity analysis provides very useful information during the processing and interpretation of seismic data. The most common approach for considering anisotropy during velocity analysis is to describe the moveout based on a nonhyperbolic equation. The nonhyperbolic moveout equation in vertically...

... learned atom is constrained to represent an elementary waveform that has a constant amplitude along a parabolic traveltime moveout. The parabolic structure is consistent with the physics inherent to the seismic wavefield and can be used to easily interpolate or extrapolate the atoms. Hence, we have...

...Momoe Sakamori; Ricardo Biloti ABSTRACT Errors in the migration velocity field are perceived as moveouts in common-image gathers (CIGs). These moveouts depend on discrepancies in the velocity field as well as in the dip of the reflectors. We extend previous works into two main aspects. First, we...