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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Angola
-
Cuanza Basin (1)
-
-
-
North Africa
-
Algeria
-
Bechar Algeria (1)
-
-
Atlas Mountains
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (3)
-
-
-
Morocco
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (3)
-
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Namibia (2)
-
South Africa
-
Cape Province region (1)
-
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Wilkes Land (1)
-
-
Arctic region (3)
-
Asia
-
Altai Mountains
-
Gorny Altai (1)
-
Mongolian Altai (1)
-
-
Altai Russian Federation
-
Gorny Altai (1)
-
-
Far East
-
China
-
Xinjiang China
-
Tarim Basin (1)
-
-
-
Japan
-
Kyushu
-
Kagoshima Japan (1)
-
-
-
Mongolia
-
Mongolian Altai (1)
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Cyprus (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
-
TAG hydrothermal field (2)
-
-
North Atlantic
-
Baltic Sea (1)
-
Caribbean Sea (1)
-
Faeroe-Shetland Basin (1)
-
Great Bahama Bank (1)
-
Gulf of Mexico
-
Garden Banks (1)
-
-
Little Bahama Bank (2)
-
North Sea
-
Kattegat (1)
-
Snorre Field (2)
-
-
Northeast Atlantic (1)
-
Northwest Atlantic (1)
-
Porcupine Basin (2)
-
Straits of Florida (3)
-
TAG hydrothermal field (2)
-
-
South Atlantic
-
Southeast Atlantic (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Faeroe Islands (1)
-
Shetland Islands (1)
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Bass Strait
-
Bass Basin (1)
-
-
Otway Basin (1)
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Queensland Australia (1)
-
Western Australia
-
Canning Basin (1)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Ruapehu (1)
-
Taranaki New Zealand
-
Mount Egmont (1)
-
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Taupo volcanic zone (1)
-
-
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
Nova Scotia (1)
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland (2)
-
-
Ontario (2)
-
Ottawa Valley (2)
-
Quebec
-
Montreal and Jesus Islands County Quebec
-
Montreal Quebec (1)
-
-
-
-
Hudson Bay Lowlands (1)
-
Nunavut
-
Southampton Island (1)
-
Sverdrup Basin (1)
-
Sverdrup Islands
-
Ellef Ringnes Island (1)
-
-
-
Queen Elizabeth Islands
-
Sverdrup Basin (1)
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Sverdrup Islands
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Ellef Ringnes Island (1)
-
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Western Canada
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Alberta
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Banff National Park (1)
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British Columbia (1)
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Canadian Rocky Mountains (1)
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Northwest Territories (2)
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Saskatchewan (3)
-
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Caribbean region
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West Indies
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Bahamas (2)
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Cascade Range (2)
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Central America
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Belize (1)
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Costa Rica (1)
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Nicaragua (1)
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Central Graben (1)
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Central Valley (1)
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Russian Federation
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Altai Russian Federation
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Gorny Altai (1)
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Death Valley (1)
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East Pacific Ocean Islands
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Galapagos Islands (1)
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Eucla Basin (1)
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Europe
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Alps
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Eastern Alps
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Dolomites
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Baltic region (1)
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Central Europe
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Germany
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Bavaria Germany (1)
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Southern Europe
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Iberian Peninsula
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Portugal (1)
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Spain
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Aragon Spain (1)
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-
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Italy
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Apennines (1)
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Latium Italy (1)
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Trentino-Alto Adige Italy
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Latemar Massif (1)
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Western Europe
-
Ardennes (1)
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Belgium (1)
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France
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Aude France (1)
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Central Massif
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Montagne Noire (1)
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Paris Basin (1)
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Vendee France (1)
-
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Ireland
-
Clare Ireland (1)
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Dublin Ireland (1)
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Scandinavia
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Denmark
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Stevns Klint (1)
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Sweden (1)
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United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
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England
-
Lancashire England (1)
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Nottinghamshire England (1)
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Yorkshire England (1)
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Scotland
-
Shetland Islands (1)
-
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-
-
-
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Green Canyon (1)
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Guadalupe Mountains (1)
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Illinois River (1)
-
Indian Ocean
-
Great Australian Bight (3)
-
-
Lusitanian Basin (1)
-
Mediterranean region (1)
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
East Mediterranean (1)
-
-
Mexico (1)
-
North America
-
Appalachians (2)
-
Basin and Range Province
-
Great Basin (1)
-
-
Canadian Shield
-
Churchill Province
-
Rae Province (1)
-
-
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (1)
-
Rocky Mountains
-
Canadian Rocky Mountains (1)
-
Northern Rocky Mountains (1)
-
-
Saint Lawrence River (1)
-
Western Interior
-
Western Interior Seaway (1)
-
-
-
North Island (3)
-
Northern Hemisphere (2)
-
ODP Site 858 (1)
-
Pacific Ocean
-
East Pacific
-
East Pacific Rise (3)
-
Galapagos Rift (6)
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Blanco fracture zone (1)
-
Gulf of California
-
Guaymas Basin (1)
-
-
Juan de Fuca Ridge (2)
-
-
Peru-Chile Trench (1)
-
Southeast Pacific (3)
-
-
Equatorial Pacific (2)
-
North Pacific
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Blanco fracture zone (1)
-
Gulf of California
-
Guaymas Basin (1)
-
-
Juan de Fuca Ridge (2)
-
-
-
South Pacific
-
Southeast Pacific (3)
-
Southwest Pacific (1)
-
-
West Pacific
-
Southwest Pacific (1)
-
-
-
Permian Basin (1)
-
Queen Charlotte Sound (1)
-
Sacramento Mountains (1)
-
South America
-
Argentina
-
Santa Cruz Argentina (1)
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Patagonia (1)
-
-
Taranaki Basin (1)
-
United States
-
Alabama
-
Jackson County Alabama (1)
-
-
Arizona
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Coconino County Arizona (1)
-
San Francisco Peaks (1)
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-
Arkansas
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Benton County Arkansas (1)
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California
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Inyo County California (2)
-
Lassen County California (1)
-
Merced County California (1)
-
Modoc County California (1)
-
Mono County California
-
Mono Lake (1)
-
-
Nopah Range (1)
-
San Bernardino County California (1)
-
Shasta County California (1)
-
Siskiyou County California
-
Mount Shasta (1)
-
-
-
Colorado
-
El Paso County Colorado (1)
-
Fremont County Colorado (1)
-
Pueblo County Colorado (1)
-
-
Colorado Plateau (1)
-
Columbia Plateau (2)
-
Florida (3)
-
Great Basin (1)
-
Idaho
-
Bonneville County Idaho (1)
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Butte County Idaho (1)
-
-
Illinois
-
Mason County Illinois (1)
-
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Indiana
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Wabash County Indiana (1)
-
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Kansas
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Hodgeman County Kansas (1)
-
-
Kentucky (1)
-
Louisiana
-
Vermilion Parish Louisiana (1)
-
-
Midwest (1)
-
Minnesota
-
Anoka County Minnesota (1)
-
Dakota County Minnesota (1)
-
Goodhue County Minnesota (1)
-
Hennepin County Minnesota (1)
-
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Mississippi River (1)
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Mississippi Valley
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Upper Mississippi Valley (1)
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-
Missouri
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McDonald County Missouri (1)
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Stone County Missouri (1)
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Montana (2)
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Nevada
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Churchill County Nevada (1)
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Lincoln County Nevada (1)
-
-
New Mexico
-
Eddy County New Mexico
-
Carlsbad New Mexico (1)
-
-
Otero County New Mexico (1)
-
-
Ohio
-
Ross County Ohio (1)
-
-
Oklahoma
-
Delaware County Oklahoma (1)
-
-
Ozark Mountains (1)
-
Tennessee
-
Fentress County Tennessee (1)
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Morgan County Tennessee (1)
-
Scott County Tennessee (1)
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-
Texas
-
Gaines County Texas (1)
-
-
Utah
-
Grand County Utah (1)
-
-
Washington
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Spokane County Washington (1)
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Thurston County Washington (1)
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West Virginia
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Pocahontas County West Virginia (1)
-
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Western U.S. (2)
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Wisconsin
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Trempealeau County Wisconsin (1)
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Waukesha County Wisconsin (1)
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Wyoming
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Park County Wyoming (1)
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Yellowstone National Park (1)
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commodities
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energy sources (1)
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geothermal energy (1)
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metal ores
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copper ores (1)
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manganese ores (1)
-
rare earth deposits (1)
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silver ores (1)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (4)
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oil and gas fields (5)
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petroleum
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natural gas (1)
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potash (1)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
carbon
-
C-13 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (11)
-
C-14 (4)
-
organic carbon (1)
-
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (1)
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
isotope ratios (11)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
C-14 (4)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (11)
-
D/H (1)
-
deuterium (1)
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (8)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
-
-
metals
-
alkali metals
-
potassium (1)
-
sodium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
calcium (1)
-
magnesium (2)
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
-
-
iron (2)
-
manganese (1)
-
rare earths (1)
-
-
noble gases
-
helium
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
-
-
oxygen
-
dissolved oxygen (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (8)
-
-
-
fossils
-
bacteria (4)
-
borings (1)
-
burrows (3)
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Tetrapoda
-
Mammalia
-
Theria
-
Eutheria
-
Rodentia (2)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
cyanobacteria (2)
-
ichnofossils (2)
-
Invertebrata
-
Archaeocyatha (1)
-
Arthropoda
-
Mandibulata
-
Crustacea
-
Ostracoda (1)
-
-
-
-
Brachiopoda (4)
-
Bryozoa (9)
-
Cnidaria
-
Anthozoa
-
Zoantharia
-
Scleractinia (2)
-
Tabulata (1)
-
-
-
Hydrozoa (1)
-
-
Echinodermata
-
Crinozoa
-
Crinoidea (1)
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia (4)
-
Gastropoda (1)
-
-
Porifera
-
Demospongea (1)
-
Hexactinellida (1)
-
Stromatoporoidea (2)
-
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera (7)
-
-
Vermes (2)
-
-
microfossils
-
problematic microfossils (1)
-
-
palynomorphs
-
Dinoflagellata (1)
-
miospores
-
pollen (1)
-
-
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
Chlorophyta (1)
-
Rhodophyta
-
Corallinaceae (1)
-
-
-
Pteridophyta
-
Lycopsida
-
Lycopodium (1)
-
-
-
-
problematic fossils
-
problematic microfossils (1)
-
-
thallophytes (7)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
paleomagnetism (1)
-
Sr/Sr (1)
-
Th/U (1)
-
-
geologic age
-
Anthropocene (1)
-
Cenozoic
-
Iron Age (1)
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
middle Holocene (2)
-
upper Holocene (1)
-
-
Pleistocene
-
Illinoian (1)
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Wisconsinan
-
upper Wisconsinan (2)
-
-
-
-
upper Quaternary (1)
-
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
lower Miocene (1)
-
middle Miocene (2)
-
-
Pliocene (2)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
middle Eocene (1)
-
-
Oligocene (2)
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
Danian (3)
-
-
upper Paleocene (1)
-
-
-
-
upper Cenozoic (2)
-
-
Coal Measures (1)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Comanchean
-
Edwards Formation (1)
-
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (1)
-
Edwards Formation (1)
-
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Campanian (1)
-
Senonian (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Toarcian (1)
-
upper Liassic (1)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Bajocian (1)
-
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Kimmeridge Clay (1)
-
Sundance Formation (2)
-
-
-
Triassic
-
Middle Triassic
-
Anisian (1)
-
-
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Bonanza King Formation (1)
-
Lower Cambrian (1)
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Wilberns Formation (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Dinantian (3)
-
-
Mississippian
-
Lower Mississippian
-
Fort Payne Formation (2)
-
Lake Valley Formation (1)
-
Tournaisian (2)
-
-
Middle Mississippian
-
Visean
-
upper Visean (1)
-
-
-
Upper Mississippian
-
Chesterian (1)
-
Hartselle Sandstone (1)
-
Meramecian
-
Warsaw Formation (1)
-
-
Serpukhovian (1)
-
-
-
Pennsylvanian (1)
-
-
Devonian
-
Middle Devonian
-
Prairie Evaporite (1)
-
Winnipegosis Formation (1)
-
-
Upper Devonian
-
Frasnian (2)
-
-
-
Ordovician
-
Meguma Group (1)
-
Middle Ordovician
-
Black River Group (1)
-
Chazyan (2)
-
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (1)
-
Caradocian (1)
-
Katian (2)
-
Sandbian (1)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Guadalupian
-
Capitan Formation (1)
-
Tansill Formation (1)
-
-
Upper Permian (1)
-
-
Silurian (2)
-
upper Paleozoic (2)
-
-
Phanerozoic (1)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (1)
-
Noonday Dolomite (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Paleoproterozoic (1)
-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
agglutinates (1)
-
extrusive rocks (2)
-
igneous rocks
-
volcanic rocks
-
basalts
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (1)
-
-
pyroclastics
-
scoria (1)
-
-
-
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
gneisses
-
orthogneiss (1)
-
-
-
turbidite (3)
-
-
meteorites
-
meteorites
-
iron meteorites (1)
-
stony irons
-
pallasite
-
Brenham Meteorite (1)
-
-
-
-
-
minerals
-
alloys (1)
-
carbonates
-
aragonite (1)
-
calcite (3)
-
ikaite (1)
-
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
halite (1)
-
-
-
hydrates (1)
-
oxides
-
ferrihydrite (1)
-
goethite (2)
-
hematite (1)
-
hydroxides
-
oxyhydroxides (2)
-
-
iron oxides (2)
-
manganese oxides (1)
-
vernadite (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
fluorapatite (1)
-
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
hornblende (1)
-
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
hyalophane (1)
-
-
barium feldspar
-
hyalophane (1)
-
-
-
silica minerals
-
opal
-
opal-A (1)
-
-
quartz (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
sorosilicates
-
epidote group
-
allanite (1)
-
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
clay minerals
-
nontronite (2)
-
smectite (2)
-
-
mica group
-
glauconite (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfates
-
anhydrite (1)
-
barite (1)
-
gypsum (1)
-
-
sulfides
-
bornite (1)
-
chalcopyrite (1)
-
covellite (1)
-
galena (1)
-
marcasite (1)
-
pyrite (2)
-
pyrrhotite (1)
-
sphalerite (2)
-
wurtzite (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (6)
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Angola
-
Cuanza Basin (1)
-
-
-
North Africa
-
Algeria
-
Bechar Algeria (1)
-
-
Atlas Mountains
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (3)
-
-
-
Morocco
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (3)
-
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Namibia (2)
-
South Africa
-
Cape Province region (1)
-
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Wilkes Land (1)
-
-
Arctic region (3)
-
Asia
-
Altai Mountains
-
Gorny Altai (1)
-
Mongolian Altai (1)
-
-
Altai Russian Federation
-
Gorny Altai (1)
-
-
Far East
-
China
-
Xinjiang China
-
Tarim Basin (1)
-
-
-
Japan
-
Kyushu
-
Kagoshima Japan (1)
-
-
-
Mongolia
-
Mongolian Altai (1)
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Cyprus (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
-
TAG hydrothermal field (2)
-
-
North Atlantic
-
Baltic Sea (1)
-
Caribbean Sea (1)
-
Faeroe-Shetland Basin (1)
-
Great Bahama Bank (1)
-
Gulf of Mexico
-
Garden Banks (1)
-
-
Little Bahama Bank (2)
-
North Sea
-
Kattegat (1)
-
Snorre Field (2)
-
-
Northeast Atlantic (1)
-
Northwest Atlantic (1)
-
Porcupine Basin (2)
-
Straits of Florida (3)
-
TAG hydrothermal field (2)
-
-
South Atlantic
-
Southeast Atlantic (1)
-
-
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soils
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soils (7)
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mounds
Hydrothermal formation of iron-oxyhydroxide chimney mounds in a shallow semi-enclosed bay at Satsuma Iwo-Jima Island, Kagoshima, Japan
Hectometer-scale, shallow buried honeycomb-like structures on the continental shelf of the Otway Basin, southeastern Australia
A new mound-building biota from the lower Carboniferous of Alabama
Drowning of microbial mounds on the slopes of the Latemar platform (middle Triassic)
Mid-Holocene extinction of cold-water corals on the Namibian shelf steered by the Benguela oxygen minimum zone
Architecture and Paleoenvironment of Mid-Jurassic Microbial–Siliceous Sponge Mounds, Northeastern Spain
Tournaisian (Mississippian) Carbonate Mounds in the Ozark Region, North America and Ireland: A Comparison
ABSTRACT Mississippian (Tournaisian–Viséan) carbonate mounds in the Compton and Pierson limestones, Ozark region, North America, have been called Waulsortian. However, European Waulsortian mounds contain features such as geopetals with multigenerations of carbonate mud (polymuds) and stromatactis cavity systems that are rare to absent in Ozark mounds. To determine similarities and differences, examine their origins, and clarify nomenclature, mounds in the Compton and Pierson limestones are compared with Waulsortian mounds in the Feltrim Limestone, Ireland. Features considered included mound size, geometry, style of aggradation, composition, depositional setting, and diagenetic history. Mounds in the Compton and Pierson limestones are <10 m (33 ft) thick and form singular knoll-form or aggregates with a strong lateral growth component. In contrast, individual Waulsortian mounds in the Feltrim Limestone range from 5 to > 30 m ( 16 – 100 ft ) thick, but coalesce and vertically aggrade to form complexes that exceed 500 m ( 1600 ft ) . Pierson mounds are crinoidal and grain-rich, whereas Compton and Feltrim mounds are bryozoan-rich and mud-dominated. All mounds have similar cement stratigraphy and diagenetic histories. Mud-rich Compton mounds and Feltrim mounds are interpreted as deeper water than skeletal-rich Pierson mounds. Limited accommodation constrained Compton and Pierson mound size and forced lateral aggradation. Subsidence-driven accommodation in the Dublin Basin allowed Feltrim mounds to grow larger, coalesce, and aggrade vertically. Three types of mounds are recognized: true Waulsortian in the Feltrim Limestone, mud-cored Waulsortian-type Compton and Pierson mounds, and Pierson transported bioaccumulation mounds. Small dimensions of Waulsortian-type Pierson and Compton mounds limit their potential as oil and gas reservoirs, whereas Pierson crinoidal sediment piles are known to form reservoir-size accumulations.