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GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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Adrar des Iforas (1)
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Central Africa
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Angola (2)
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Gabon (1)
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Rwanda (1)
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East Africa
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Djibouti (1)
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Sudan
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Darfur (1)
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Madagascar (1)
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North Africa
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Algeria
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Ahaggar (2)
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Babor Range (1)
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Atlas Mountains
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Moroccan Atlas Mountains
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Anti-Atlas (97)
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High Atlas (89)
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Middle Atlas (30)
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Ceuta (4)
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Egypt (21)
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Ghadames Basin (4)
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Libya
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Murzuk Basin (2)
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Sirte Basin (2)
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Maghreb (10)
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Morocco
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Bou Azzer (22)
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Casablanca Morocco (1)
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Marrakech Morocco (8)
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Moroccan Atlas Mountains
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Anti-Atlas (97)
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Middle Atlas (30)
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Moulouya River (7)
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Rabat Morocco (6)
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Rehamna (2)
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Rif
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Beni Bouchera (18)
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Tafilalt (11)
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Tell (4)
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Tunisia (30)
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Nubian Shield (1)
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Southern Africa
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West Africa
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Far East
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China
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Middle East
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Atlantic Ocean
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Canada
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Meguma Terrane (2)
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Western Canada
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Russian Federation
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Kamchatka Russian Federation
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Kamchatka Peninsula
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Russian Pacific region (1)
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Essaouira Basin (4)
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Europe
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Central Europe
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Aragon Spain
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Betic Cordillera
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Cantabrian Mountains (2)
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Iberian Mountains (2)
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Valencia region
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Italy
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Apennines (5)
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Calabria Italy (1)
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Emilia-Romagna Italy
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Ivrea-Verbano Zone (1)
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Ligurian Alps (2)
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Sardinia Italy (3)
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Tuscany Italy
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Siena Italy (1)
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Umbria Italy
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Perugia Italy
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Veneto Italy
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Romania (1)
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Slovenia (1)
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Yugoslavia (3)
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Variscides (4)
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Western Europe
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Ardennes (1)
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Belgium (1)
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France
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Bouches-du-Rhone France
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Rhone Delta (1)
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Central Massif
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Montagne Noire (1)
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Pas-de-Calais France
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Poitou (1)
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Ireland (2)
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Scandinavia
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Norway (1)
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Sweden (1)
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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England
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Scotland (1)
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Wales
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South Wales (1)
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Northern Ireland (1)
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Indian Ocean
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Arabian Sea
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Gulf of Aden (1)
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Red Sea
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Gulf of Suez (2)
-
-
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Indian Ocean Islands
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Madagascar (1)
-
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Malay Archipelago
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Borneo
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Kalimantan Indonesia (1)
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Mediterranean region
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Aegean Islands
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Greek Aegean Islands
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Samos (1)
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Calabrian Arc (1)
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Mediterranean Sea
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East Mediterranean
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Adriatic Sea (1)
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Aegean Sea (1)
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Ionian Sea (1)
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West Mediterranean
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Alboran Sea (22)
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Tyrrhenian Sea (1)
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Meseta (14)
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Mexico
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Coahuila Mexico (1)
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Durango Mexico (1)
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Near East (1)
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North America
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Appalachians (3)
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Basin and Range Province (1)
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Saint Lawrence Valley (1)
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Permian Basin (1)
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South America
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Amazonian Craton (1)
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Argentina (1)
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Bolivia (2)
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Brazil
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Minas Gerais Brazil (1)
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Chile
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Strait of Gibraltar (11)
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California
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Iowa
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Kansas (1)
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Massachusetts
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Nevada
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New Jersey
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Sussex County New Jersey
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New York (1)
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Ohio
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Erie County Ohio (1)
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Huron County Ohio (1)
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Morrow County Ohio (1)
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Oklahoma
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Oregon
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Rhode Island (1)
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South Carolina (1)
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Southwestern U.S. (1)
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Texas (1)
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Utah
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Washington County Utah (1)
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Western U.S. (2)
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USSR (4)
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commodities
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aggregate (3)
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barite deposits (4)
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bentonite deposits (1)
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brines (7)
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ceramic materials (3)
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construction materials
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diamond deposits (1)
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energy sources (9)
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fluorspar deposits (2)
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gems (1)
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graphite deposits (1)
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metal ores
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arsenic ores (4)
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beryllium ores (1)
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chromite ores (3)
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cobalt ores (6)
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copper ores (13)
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gold ores (5)
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iron ores (3)
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lead ores (12)
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lead-zinc deposits (4)
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manganese ores (5)
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mercury ores (3)
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molybdenum ores (2)
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polymetallic ores (6)
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silver ores (9)
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uranium ores (1)
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zinc ores (6)
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mineral deposits, genesis (43)
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mineral exploration (8)
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mineral resources (2)
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nonmetal deposits (1)
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oil and gas fields (7)
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petroleum
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phosphate deposits (3)
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elements, isotopes
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boron (2)
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (26)
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C-14 (1)
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organic carbon (3)
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chemical ratios (2)
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halogens
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bromine
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chlorine
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chloride ion (1)
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fluorine
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fluoride ion (1)
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hydrogen
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D/H (4)
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isotope ratios (37)
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isotopes
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (26)
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D/H (4)
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O-18/O-16 (24)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (5)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (5)
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S-34/S-32 (7)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (5)
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metals
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uranium (1)
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alkali metals
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potassium
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K-40 (1)
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sodium (3)
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alkaline earth metals
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barium (3)
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beryllium
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Be-10 (3)
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magnesium (1)
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strontium
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (5)
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aluminum (1)
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arsenic (5)
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bismuth (1)
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cadmium (1)
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chromium (2)
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copper (6)
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gold (5)
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iron (9)
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lead
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (6)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (5)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (5)
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manganese (2)
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helium
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (24)
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phosphorus (2)
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sulfur
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Osteichthyes
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Teleostei (4)
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Tetrapoda
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Mammalia
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Reptilia
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Diapsida
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Archosauria
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dinosaurs
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Saurischia
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Theropoda
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Coelurosauria
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Dromaeosauridae (1)
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Tyrannosauridae (1)
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Pterosauria (1)
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Lepidosauria
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Squamata
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Lacertilia
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Sauropterygia (1)
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coprolites (1)
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Graptolithina (4)
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ichnofossils
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Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Ostracoda
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Insecta
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Echinodermata
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Plantae
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Chlorophyceae
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Coccolithophoraceae (1)
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nannofossils (4)
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Rhodophyta (1)
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Pteridophyta
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Filicopsida
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Archaeopteris (1)
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-
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Spermatophyta
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Angiospermae
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Dicotyledoneae
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Euphorbiaceae (1)
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-
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Gymnospermae
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Coniferales
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Pinaceae (1)
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problematic fossils (2)
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thallophytes (4)
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geochronology methods
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(U-Th)/He (1)
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Ar/Ar (8)
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exposure age (3)
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fission-track dating (4)
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K/Ar (6)
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paleomagnetism (23)
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radiation damage (1)
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Rb/Sr (4)
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Re/Os (1)
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Sm/Nd (1)
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Sr/Sr (1)
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Th/U (2)
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thermochronology (3)
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U/Pb (26)
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U/Th/Pb (6)
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Holocene
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middle Holocene (1)
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upper Holocene
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Roman period (2)
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Pleistocene
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lower Pleistocene (2)
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upper Pleistocene
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Eemian (1)
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Weichselian
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upper Weichselian
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Younger Dryas (2)
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-
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upper Quaternary (2)
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Tertiary
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lower Tertiary (1)
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Neogene
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Miocene
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lower Miocene
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Aquitanian (1)
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middle Miocene
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Serravallian (2)
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upper Miocene
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Messinian (11)
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Pontian (2)
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Tortonian (4)
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-
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Pliocene
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lower Pliocene (2)
-
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upper Neogene (2)
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Paleogene
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Eocene
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lower Eocene
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Ypresian (2)
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middle Eocene
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Lutetian (1)
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upper Eocene (1)
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Oligocene
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lower Oligocene (1)
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middle Oligocene (1)
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upper Oligocene (1)
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Paleocene
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lower Paleocene
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K-T boundary (1)
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upper Paleocene
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Thanetian (2)
-
-
-
-
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upper Cenozoic
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Villafranchian (2)
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-
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Bahariya Formation (1)
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Lower Cretaceous
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Albian (3)
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Aptian (2)
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Barremian (2)
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Berriasian (2)
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Neocomian (1)
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Middle Cretaceous (1)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Cenomanian
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upper Cenomanian (2)
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Coniacian (1)
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K-T boundary (1)
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Maestrichtian (4)
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Santonian (1)
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Senonian (4)
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Turonian
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lower Turonian (2)
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Jurassic
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Lower Jurassic
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Carixian (1)
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Domerian (2)
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Hettangian (2)
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lower Liassic (8)
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middle Liassic (6)
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Pliensbachian (6)
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Sinemurian (6)
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Toarcian
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lower Toarcian (1)
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Triassic-Jurassic boundary (2)
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upper Liassic (13)
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Middle Jurassic
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Aalenian (6)
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Bajocian (6)
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Bathonian (3)
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Callovian (1)
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Dogger (6)
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Posidonia Shale (1)
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Upper Jurassic
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Kimmeridgian (1)
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Morrison Formation (1)
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Oxfordian (1)
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Portlandian (2)
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Tithonian (2)
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lower Mesozoic (1)
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Moenave Formation (1)
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Newark Supergroup (1)
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Triassic
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Middle Triassic (1)
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Upper Triassic
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Carnian (3)
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Norian (1)
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Rhaetian (1)
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Triassic-Jurassic boundary (2)
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-
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upper Mesozoic (1)
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MIS 3 (1)
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Paleozoic
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Cambrian
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Lancara Formation (1)
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Lower Cambrian
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Tommotian (4)
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Middle Cambrian (9)
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Upper Cambrian (1)
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Carboniferous
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Lower Carboniferous
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Asbian (1)
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Dinantian (14)
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Mississippian
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Lower Mississippian
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Tournaisian (1)
-
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Middle Mississippian
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Visean (8)
-
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Upper Mississippian
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Serpukhovian (1)
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-
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Namurian (1)
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Pennsylvanian
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Lower Pennsylvanian
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Bashkirian (1)
-
-
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Upper Carboniferous
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Stephanian (2)
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Westphalian (1)
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-
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Devonian
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Lower Devonian
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Emsian (6)
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Pragian (1)
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Middle Devonian
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Eifelian (6)
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Givetian
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upper Givetian (1)
-
-
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Upper Devonian
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Famennian (8)
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Frasnian (4)
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Kellwasser event (1)
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-
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lower Paleozoic (1)
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Ordovician
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Lower Ordovician
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Arenigian (2)
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Floian (1)
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Tremadocian (2)
-
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Middle Ordovician
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Darriwilian (1)
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Upper Ordovician
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Ashgillian (3)
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Hirnantian (3)
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Katian (2)
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-
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Permian
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Lower Permian
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Cisuralian
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Kungurian (1)
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-
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Middle Permian (1)
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Upper Permian (2)
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Silurian
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Upper Silurian
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Pridoli (1)
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-
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upper Paleozoic (3)
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Phanerozoic (1)
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Precambrian
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Archean (1)
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middle Precambrian (1)
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Mesoproterozoic (1)
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Neoproterozoic
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Cryogenian (2)
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Dengying Formation (1)
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Ediacaran (9)
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Infracambrian (1)
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Sturtian (1)
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Tonian (2)
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Vendian (4)
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Paleoproterozoic (6)
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Sinian
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Dengying Formation (1)
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-
-
-
-
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igneous rocks
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agglutinates (1)
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extrusive rocks (2)
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igneous rocks
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carbonatites (4)
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plutonic rocks
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diabase (4)
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diorites
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quartz diorites (1)
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gabbros (4)
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granites
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A-type granites (1)
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leucogranite (3)
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monzogranite (2)
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granodiorites (6)
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lamproite (2)
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lamprophyres (2)
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monzonites (1)
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pegmatite (2)
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syenites
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albitite (1)
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alkali syenites (1)
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nepheline syenite
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agpaite (1)
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shonkinite (1)
-
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ultramafics
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peridotites
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harzburgite (4)
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lherzolite (7)
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pyroxenite
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ariegite (1)
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clinopyroxenite (2)
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garnet pyroxenite
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griquaite (1)
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volcanic rocks
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basalts
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alkali basalts (2)
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flood basalts (2)
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ocean-island basalts (1)
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shoshonite (1)
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tholeiite (4)
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basanite (3)
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dacites (1)
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glasses (1)
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keratophyre (1)
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komatiite (1)
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nephelinite (4)
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phonolites (2)
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pyroclastics
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ignimbrite (1)
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tuff (1)
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-
-
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ophiolite (11)
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-
metamorphic rocks
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metamorphic rocks
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eclogite (1)
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gneisses (5)
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granulites
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kinzigite (3)
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hornfels (1)
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listwanite (1)
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marbles (3)
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metaigneous rocks
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metabasite (1)
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metagabbro (1)
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serpentinite (3)
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metasedimentary rocks
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metagraywacke (1)
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metapelite (7)
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metasomatic rocks
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greisen (1)
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rodingite (1)
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serpentinite (3)
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skarn (6)
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metavolcanic rocks (1)
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phyllites (3)
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quartzites (5)
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schists
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biotite schist (1)
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greenschist (1)
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muscovite schist (1)
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-
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ophiolite (11)
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turbidite (17)
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meteorites
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meteorites
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iron meteorites
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ataxite (1)
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hexahedrite (1)
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octahedrite (1)
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minerals
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alloys
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plessite (1)
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silicides (1)
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arsenates (9)
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arsenides
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cobaltite (2)
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gersdorffite (2)
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lollingite (2)
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maucherite (1)
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nickeline (2)
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pararammelsbergite (1)
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rammelsbergite (2)
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skutterudite (1)
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borates (1)
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carbonates
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alumohydrocalcite (1)
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aragonite (1)
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calcite (5)
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dolomite (5)
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copper minerals (1)
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halides
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chlorides
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eudialyte (1)
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pyromorphite (1)
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vanadinite (1)
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fluorides
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fluorite (3)
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zunyite (1)
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minerals (12)
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native elements
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diamond
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microdiamond (1)
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graphite (1)
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oxides
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cassiterite (1)
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chrome spinel (2)
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chromite (1)
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corundum (1)
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diaspore (1)
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ferrihydrite (1)
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goethite (1)
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hausmannite (2)
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hematite (3)
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hydroxides (2)
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iron oxides (3)
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magnetite (2)
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manganese oxides (1)
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manganite (1)
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niobates
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columbite (1)
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rutile (1)
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tantalates
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microlite (1)
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tantalite (1)
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phosphates
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apatite (7)
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barbosalite (1)
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monazite (1)
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pyromorphite (1)
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triphylite (1)
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selenides (1)
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silicates
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aluminosilicates (1)
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chain silicates
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amphibole group
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clinoamphibole
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actinolite (1)
-
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pyroxene group
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clinopyroxene
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aegirine (1)
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augite (1)
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orthopyroxene
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enstatite (1)
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-
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wollastonite group
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wollastonite (2)
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-
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framework silicates
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feldspar group
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plagioclase
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anorthite (1)
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-
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nepheline group
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nepheline (1)
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silica minerals
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coesite (1)
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quartz (4)
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sodalite group
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hauyne (1)
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nosean (1)
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sodalite (1)
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zeolite group (1)
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garnierite (1)
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orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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braunite (2)
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chloritoid (1)
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garnet group
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andradite (1)
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hydrogarnet (1)
-
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kyanite (2)
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mullite (1)
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olivine group
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olivine (1)
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titanite group
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malayaite (1)
-
titanite (2)
-
-
zircon group
-
zircon (23)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
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axinite group (1)
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epidote group
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epidote (1)
-
-
pumpellyite group
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pumpellyite (1)
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vesuvianite (3)
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zunyite (1)
-
-
-
ring silicates
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cordierite (1)
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eudialyte (1)
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tourmaline group (2)
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-
sheet silicates
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chlorite group
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chamosite (1)
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chlorite (3)
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cookeite (1)
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sudoite (2)
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clay minerals
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beidellite (2)
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dickite (1)
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halloysite (1)
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kaolinite (4)
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montmorillonite (3)
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saponite (2)
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smectite (10)
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stevensite (7)
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vermiculite (4)
-
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corrensite (1)
-
illite (9)
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mica group
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biotite (5)
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muscovite (3)
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paragonite (1)
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phengite (1)
-
-
palygorskite (4)
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pyrophyllite (1)
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sepiolite (1)
-
serpentine group
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berthierine (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfates
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gypsum (1)
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sulfides
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acanthite (1)
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bornite (1)
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cattierite (1)
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chalcopyrite (1)
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cobaltite (2)
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galena (4)
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gersdorffite (2)
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linnaeite (1)
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molybdenite (1)
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pyrite (1)
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pyrrhotite (2)
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siegenite (1)
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sphalerite (1)
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sternbergite (1)
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vaesite (1)
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sulfosalts
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sulfantimonites
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pyrargyrite (1)
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sulfarsenites
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pearceite (1)
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proustite (1)
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tennantite (1)
-
-
-
tungstates
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scheelite (1)
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wolframite (2)
-
-
vanadates
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vanadinite (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
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absolute age (51)
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academic institutions (1)
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Africa
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Adrar des Iforas (1)
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Central Africa
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Angola (2)
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Gabon (1)
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East Africa
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Djibouti (1)
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Sudan
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Darfur (1)
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Madagascar (1)
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North Africa
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Algeria
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Ahaggar (2)
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Babor Range (1)
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Atlas Mountains
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Moroccan Atlas Mountains
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Anti-Atlas (97)
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High Atlas (89)
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Middle Atlas (30)
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Ceuta (4)
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Egypt (21)
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Ghadames Basin (4)
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Illizi Basin (1)
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Libya
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Murzuk Basin (2)
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Sirte Basin (2)
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Maghreb (10)
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Morocco
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Bou Azzer (22)
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Casablanca Morocco (1)
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Marrakech Morocco (8)
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Moroccan Atlas Mountains
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Anti-Atlas (97)
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High Atlas (89)
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Middle Atlas (30)
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Moulouya River (7)
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Rabat Morocco (6)
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Rehamna (2)
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Rif
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Beni Bouchera (18)
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Tafilalt (11)
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Tangier Morocco (4)
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Taourirt Morocco (1)
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Tarfaya Morocco (4)
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Taza Morocco (3)
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Tell (4)
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Tindouf Basin (4)
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Tunisia (30)
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Western Sahara (7)
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Nubian Shield (1)
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Reguibat Ridge (1)
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Sahara (7)
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Southern Africa
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Namibia (1)
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Tibesti Massif (1)
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West Africa
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Benin (1)
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Chad (1)
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Mali (3)
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Niger (2)
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Taoudenni Basin (1)
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West African Craton (7)
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Asia
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Atlantic Ocean
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Australasia
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bacteria (2)
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biogeography (19)
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brines (7)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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New Brunswick
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Saint John County New Brunswick
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Meguma Terrane (2)
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Western Canada
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (26)
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organic carbon (3)
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catalogs (2)
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Roman period (2)
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Pleistocene
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upper Pleistocene
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Eemian (1)
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upper Quaternary (2)
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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upper Miocene
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Messinian (11)
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Pliocene
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lower Pliocene (2)
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upper Neogene (2)
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Paleogene
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Eocene
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middle Eocene
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upper Eocene (1)
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Oligocene
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upper Oligocene (1)
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Paleocene
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lower Paleocene
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K-T boundary (1)
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upper Paleocene
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Thanetian (2)
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upper Cenozoic
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Villafranchian (2)
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ceramic materials (3)
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chemical analysis (2)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Pisces
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Osteichthyes
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Actinopterygii
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Teleostei (4)
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Tetrapoda
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Mammalia
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Theria
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Reptilia
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Diapsida
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Archosauria
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Crocodilia
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Eusuchia
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Crocodylidae (1)
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dinosaurs
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Saurischia
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Theropoda
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Pterosauria (1)
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Deep Sea Drilling Project
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IPOD
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Leg 50
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DSDP Site 415 (2)
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Leg 79 (3)
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Leg 41
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DSDP Site 369 (1)
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Europe
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Alps
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Central Europe
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Germany
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Poland
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Southern Europe
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Italy
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igneous rocks
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volcanic rocks
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inclusions
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fluid inclusions (13)
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Indian Ocean
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Red Sea
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Invertebrata
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Archaeocyatha (2)
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Arthropoda
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Ostracoda
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Podocopida
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Insecta
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Pterygota
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Neoptera
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Blattaria (1)
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Trilobitomorpha
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Phacopida
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Phacops (2)
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Ptychopariida
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Proetidae (3)
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Redlichiida (2)
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Brachiopoda
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Articulata
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Rhynchonellida
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Rhynchonellidae (2)
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Bryozoa
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Trepostomata (2)
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Cnidaria
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