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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
East Africa
-
Zambia (1)
-
-
Limpopo Belt (1)
-
North Africa
-
Algeria (1)
-
Tindouf Basin (1)
-
-
Reguibat Ridge (1)
-
Southern Africa
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Barberton greenstone belt (12)
-
Kaapvaal Craton (17)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (3)
-
Free State South Africa
-
Vredefort Dome (3)
-
-
Klerksdorp Field (1)
-
KwaZulu-Natal South Africa (3)
-
Limpopo South Africa (1)
-
Mpumalanga South Africa (2)
-
North-West Province South Africa
-
Ventersdorp South Africa (1)
-
-
Witwatersrand (5)
-
-
Swaziland (4)
-
Zimbabwe (1)
-
-
West Africa
-
Mauritania (2)
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Taoudenni Basin (1)
-
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West African Shield (1)
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Zimbabwe Craton (2)
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Arctic region
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Greenland
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Nuuk Greenland (2)
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South Greenland (3)
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West Greenland (4)
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Asia
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Amur Russian Federation (1)
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Baikal region (2)
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Dzhugdzhur region (1)
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Far East
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China
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Anshan China (3)
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North China Platform (3)
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Japan
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Honshu
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Akita Japan
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Hokuroku Japan
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Fukazawa Mine (1)
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Indian Peninsula
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India
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Bastar Craton (2)
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Bundelkhand (1)
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Dharwar Craton (2)
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Ghats
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Eastern Ghats (2)
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Jharkhand India (1)
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Orissa India (1)
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Singhbhum shear zone (1)
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Southern Granulite Terrain (1)
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Irkutsk Russian Federation (3)
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Siberian Platform
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Stanovoy Range (2)
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Australasia
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Australia
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South Australia
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Gawler Craton (1)
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Western Australia
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Pilbara (1)
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Pilbara Craton (6)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Ontario (2)
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Nunavut (1)
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Western Canada
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Manitoba
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Thompson nickel belt (1)
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Northwest Territories (2)
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Chugach Terrane (1)
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Russian Federation
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Baikal region (2)
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Dzhugdzhur region (1)
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Irkutsk Russian Federation (3)
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Karelia Russian Federation (2)
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Kola Peninsula (2)
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Kola Russian Federation (1)
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Siberian Platform
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Aldan Shield (1)
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Stanovoy Range (2)
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Ukraine
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Copperbelt (1)
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Europe
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Ukraine
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Variscides (1)
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Granite Mountains (1)
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North America
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Canadian Shield
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Superior Province
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Rocky Mountains
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U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Pacific Ocean
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North Pacific
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West Pacific
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Red Lake (1)
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South America
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Argentina
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Brazil
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Para Brazil
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Carajas mineral province (1)
-
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-
United States
-
Alaska (1)
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Montana
-
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U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Wyoming
-
Fremont County Wyoming (1)
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Natrona County Wyoming (1)
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Wyoming Province (3)
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commodities
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metal ores
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base metals (2)
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chromite ores (1)
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iron ores (4)
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lead ores (1)
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C-13 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (4)
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chemical ratios (2)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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stable isotopes
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C-13 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (4)
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Fe-56/Fe-54 (3)
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (5)
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N-15/N-14 (1)
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (4)
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O-17/O-16 (1)
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O-18 (1)
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O-18/O-16 (4)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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S-33 (1)
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S-33/S-32 (1)
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S-34/S-32 (3)
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
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Lu/Hf (3)
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metals
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actinides
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thorium (1)
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uranium
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alkali metals
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cesium (1)
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potassium
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alkaline earth metals
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barium (1)
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strontium
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
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chromium (1)
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cobalt (1)
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hafnium
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (5)
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iron
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Fe-56/Fe-54 (3)
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lead
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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nickel (1)
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niobium (1)
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platinum group (1)
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rare earths
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neodymium
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (4)
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
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samarium
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
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yttrium (1)
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tantalum (1)
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vanadium (1)
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zinc (1)
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nitrogen
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N-15/N-14 (1)
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-
oxygen
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O-17/O-16 (1)
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O-18 (1)
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O-18/O-16 (4)
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sulfur
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S-33 (1)
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S-33/S-32 (1)
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S-34/S-32 (3)
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fossils
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cyanobacteria (2)
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problematic microfossils (1)
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problematic fossils
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problematic microfossils (1)
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geochronology methods
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Pb/Pb (3)
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Tertiary
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Mesozoic
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Precambrian
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Mesoarchean (89)
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Warrawoona Group (1)
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Central Rand Group (1)
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Kisseynew Complex (1)
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Pongola Supergroup (8)
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upper Precambrian
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Mesoproterozoic (3)
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Paleoproterozoic
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Birimian (1)
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Ventersdorp Supergroup (1)
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igneous rocks
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gabbros
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granites
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A-type granites (2)
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granodiorites (2)
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harzburgite (2)
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pyroxenite
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orthopyroxenite (1)
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volcanic rocks
-
andesites
-
boninite (1)
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basalts
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mid-ocean ridge basalts (3)
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tholeiite (1)
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komatiite (3)
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pyroclastics
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rhyolite tuff (1)
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tuff (2)
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ophiolite (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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metamorphic rocks
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amphibolites (5)
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eclogite (4)
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gneisses
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orthogneiss (2)
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paragneiss (3)
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granulites (3)
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metaigneous rocks
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metagabbro (3)
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metakomatiite (1)
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metaplutonic rocks (1)
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metasedimentary rocks
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metasomatic rocks
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ophiolite (1)
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native elements
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rutile (1)
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phosphates
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silicates
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barium feldspar
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orthosilicates
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olivine group
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titanite group
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-
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zircon group
-
zircon (22)
-
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sorosilicates
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epidote group
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allanite (1)
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epidote (1)
-
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-
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sheet silicates
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mica group
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-
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serpentine group
-
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talc (1)
-
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sulfides
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cobaltite (1)
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marcasite (1)
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pyrite (2)
-
pyrrhotite (2)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (36)
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
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Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
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East Africa
-
Zambia (1)
-
-
Limpopo Belt (1)
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North Africa
-
Algeria (1)
-
Tindouf Basin (1)
-
-
Reguibat Ridge (1)
-
Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (12)
-
Kaapvaal Craton (17)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (3)
-
Free State South Africa
-
Vredefort Dome (3)
-
-
Klerksdorp Field (1)
-
KwaZulu-Natal South Africa (3)
-
Limpopo South Africa (1)
-
Mpumalanga South Africa (2)
-
North-West Province South Africa
-
Ventersdorp South Africa (1)
-
-
Witwatersrand (5)
-
-
Swaziland (4)
-
Zimbabwe (1)
-
-
West Africa
-
Mauritania (2)
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Taoudenni Basin (1)
-
-
West African Shield (1)
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Zimbabwe Craton (2)
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Arctic region
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Greenland
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Nuuk Greenland (2)
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South Greenland (3)
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West Greenland (4)
-
-
-
Asia
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Amur Russian Federation (1)
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Baikal region (2)
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Dzhugdzhur region (1)
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Far East
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China
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Anshan China (3)
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North China Platform (3)
-
-
Japan
-
Honshu
-
Akita Japan
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Hokuroku Japan
-
Fukazawa Mine (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Bastar Craton (2)
-
Bundelkhand (1)
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Dharwar Craton (2)
-
Ghats
-
Eastern Ghats (2)
-
-
Jharkhand India (1)
-
Orissa India (1)
-
Singhbhum shear zone (1)
-
Southern Granulite Terrain (1)
-
-
-
Irkutsk Russian Federation (3)
-
Siberian Platform
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Aldan Shield (1)
-
-
Stanovoy Range (2)
-
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asteroids (1)
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atmosphere (4)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Musgrave Block (1)
-
South Australia
-
Gawler Craton (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Pilbara (1)
-
Pilbara Craton (6)
-
-
-
-
bacteria (4)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Ontario (2)
-
-
Nunavut (1)
-
Western Canada
-
Manitoba
-
Thompson nickel belt (1)
-
-
Northwest Territories (2)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (4)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene (1)
-
Pleistocene (1)
-
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene (1)
-
Paleogene (1)
-
-
-
chemical analysis (1)
-
climate change (1)
-
crust (26)
-
crystal growth (1)
-
data processing (1)
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deformation (7)
-
diagenesis (1)
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diamond deposits (1)
-
Europe
-
Fennoscandian Shield (3)
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Karelia Russian Federation (2)
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Murmansk Russian Federation
-
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-
-
Ukraine
-
Ukrainian Shield (1)
-
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Variscides (1)
-
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faults (10)
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folds (3)
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foliation (3)
-
geochemistry (9)
-
geochronology (1)
-
geophysical methods (2)
-
gypsum deposits (1)
-
heat flow (1)
-
igneous rocks
-
picrite (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (2)
-
diorites
-
tonalite
-
enderbite (2)
-
-
trondhjemite (1)
-
-
gabbros
-
microgabbro (1)
-
norite (2)
-
troctolite (1)
-
-
granites
-
adamellite (1)
-
aplite (2)
-
A-type granites (2)
-
charnockite (2)
-
monzogranite (1)
-
-
granodiorites (2)
-
pegmatite (1)
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (1)
-
peridotites
-
dunite (1)
-
harzburgite (2)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
orthopyroxenite (1)
-
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites
-
boninite (1)
-
-
basalts
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (3)
-
tholeiite (1)
-
-
komatiite (3)
-
pyroclastics
-
rhyolite tuff (1)
-
tuff (2)
-
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (1)
-
-
intrusions (18)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
K-40 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
U-238 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (4)
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (3)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (5)
-
N-15/N-14 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (4)
-
O-17/O-16 (1)
-
O-18 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (4)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
S-33 (1)
-
S-33/S-32 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (3)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
lava (5)
-
magmas (20)
-
mantle (8)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Upper Cretaceous (1)
-
-
-
metal ores
-
aluminum ores (1)
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base metals (2)
-
chromite ores (1)
-
cobalt ores (2)
-
copper ores (7)
-
gold ores (10)
-
iron ores (4)
-
lead ores (1)
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lead-zinc deposits (1)
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magnesium ores (1)
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nickel ores (3)
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polymetallic ores (2)
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silver ores (1)
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zinc ores (1)
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metals
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actinides
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thorium (1)
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uranium
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U-238 (1)
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-
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alkali metals
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cesium (1)
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lithium (1)
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potassium
-
K-40 (1)
-
-
-
alkaline earth metals
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Mesoarchean
ABSTRACT The Archean Wyoming Province formed and subsequently grew through a combination of magmatic and tectonic processes from ca. 4.0 to 2.5 Ga. Turning points in crustal evolution are recorded in four distinct phases of magmatism: (1) Early mafic magmatism formed a primordial crust between 4.0 and 3.6 Ga and began the formation of a lithospheric keel below the Wyoming Province in response to active plume-like mantle upwelling in a “stagnant lid”–type tectonic environment; (2) earliest sialic crust formed in the Paleoarchean by melting of hydrated mafic crust to produce rocks of the tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) suite from ca. 3.6 to 2.9 Ga, with a major crust-forming event at 3.3–3.2 Ga that was probably associated with a transition to plate tectonics by ca. 3.5 Ga; (3) extensive calc-alkalic magmatism occurred during the Mesoarchean and Neoarchean (ca. 2.85–2.6 Ga), forming plutons that are compositionally equivalent to modern-day continental arc plutons; and (4) a late stage of crustal differentiation occurred through intracrustal melting processes ca. 2.6–2.4 Ga. Periods of tectonic quiescence are recognized in the development of stable platform supracrustal sequences (e.g., orthoquartzites, pelitic schists, banded iron formation, metabasites, and marbles) between ca. 3.0 and 2.80 Ga. Evidence for late Archean tectonic thickening of the Wyoming Province through horizontal tectonics and lateral accretion was likely associated with processes similar to modern-style convergent-margin plate tectonics. Although the province is surrounded by Paleoproterozoic orogenic zones, no post-Archean penetrative deformation or calc-alkalic magmatism affected the Wyoming Province prior to the Laramide orogeny. Its Archean crustal evolution produced a strong cratonic continental nucleus prior to incorporation within Laurentia. Distinct lithologic suites, isotopic compositions, and ages provide essential reference markers for models of assembly and breakup of the long-lived Laurentian supercontinent.