- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
North Africa
-
Algeria (1)
-
Atlas Mountains (2)
-
Morocco (1)
-
-
Sahara (1)
-
-
Alpine Fault (1)
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic Peninsula (2)
-
South Orkney Islands (1)
-
South Shetland Islands (1)
-
-
Arctic region
-
Russian Arctic
-
Novaya Zemlya (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Altai Mountains
-
Gorny Altai (2)
-
-
Altai Russian Federation
-
Gorny Altai (2)
-
-
Altai-Sayan region (2)
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Oman (1)
-
United Arab Emirates (1)
-
-
Buryat Russian Federation (2)
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Eastern Kazakhstan (1)
-
-
-
Chukotka Russian Federation
-
Chukchi Peninsula (1)
-
-
Dzhugdzhur region (1)
-
Far East
-
China
-
Donghai China (1)
-
Gansu China (1)
-
Guizhou China (1)
-
Heilongjiang China (1)
-
Jiangsu China (1)
-
Kunlun Mountains (1)
-
Nanling (1)
-
Nanpanjiang Basin (1)
-
Qinling Mountains (1)
-
Sanjiang (1)
-
South China Block (2)
-
Sulu Terrane (1)
-
Tarim Platform (1)
-
Zhejiang China (1)
-
-
Mongolia (7)
-
-
Gobi Desert (1)
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Norilsk region (1)
-
-
-
Lena Basin (1)
-
Middle East
-
Iran (1)
-
Turkey
-
Anatolia (1)
-
Lycian Taurus (1)
-
Pontic Mountains (1)
-
Sea of Marmara region (1)
-
Taurus Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Siberia (3)
-
Siberian Platform
-
Vilyuy Syneclise (1)
-
-
Stanovoy Range (1)
-
Tibetan Plateau (2)
-
Western Transbaikalia (3)
-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Kular Range (1)
-
-
Yana River (1)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Bay of Fundy (3)
-
Gulf of Mexico (1)
-
Scotian Shelf (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic region (4)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Northern Territory Australia (1)
-
South Australia
-
Flinders Ranges (1)
-
Gawler Craton (1)
-
Kangaroo Island (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Yilgarn Craton (1)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Nelson New Zealand (1)
-
Westland New Zealand (1)
-
-
-
Azerbaijan region (1)
-
Black Rock Desert (3)
-
Blue Mountains (2)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick (4)
-
Nova Scotia
-
Minas Basin (1)
-
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland
-
Great Northern Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
-
Northumberland Strait (1)
-
Stikinia Terrane (1)
-
Western Canada
-
British Columbia (8)
-
Canadian Cordillera (3)
-
-
-
Central America
-
Chortis Block (1)
-
Honduras (1)
-
-
Coast Belt (1)
-
Coast Ranges (1)
-
Colorado River (1)
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Kazakhstan
-
Eastern Kazakhstan (1)
-
-
Russian Federation
-
Altai Russian Federation
-
Gorny Altai (2)
-
-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation
-
Novaya Zemlya (1)
-
-
Buryat Russian Federation (2)
-
Chukotka Russian Federation
-
Chukchi Peninsula (1)
-
-
Dzhugdzhur region (1)
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Norilsk region (1)
-
-
-
Lena Basin (1)
-
Polar Urals
-
Pai-Khoi (1)
-
-
Russian Arctic
-
Novaya Zemlya (1)
-
-
Siberian Platform
-
Vilyuy Syneclise (1)
-
-
Stanovoy Range (1)
-
Ural region (1)
-
Western Transbaikalia (3)
-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Kular Range (1)
-
-
Yana River (1)
-
-
Urals
-
Novaya Zemlya (1)
-
Polar Urals
-
Pai-Khoi (1)
-
-
-
-
Cordillera de la Costa (1)
-
El Paso Mountains (1)
-
Eurasia (2)
-
Europe
-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation
-
Novaya Zemlya (1)
-
-
Pyrenees (1)
-
Southern Europe
-
Greece
-
Greek Aegean Islands
-
Chios (1)
-
-
Hellenides (1)
-
Othrys (1)
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Spain (1)
-
-
Italy
-
Sardinia Italy (1)
-
-
-
Western Europe
-
France
-
Aude France (1)
-
Central Massif
-
Montagne Noire (1)
-
-
Tarn France (1)
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Cornwall England (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Grand Banks (1)
-
Grand Canyon (1)
-
Kings River (1)
-
Mediterranean region
-
Aegean Islands
-
Greek Aegean Islands
-
Chios (1)
-
-
-
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
East Mediterranean
-
Aegean Sea (1)
-
-
-
Mexico
-
Sonora Mexico (1)
-
-
North America
-
Appalachians
-
Piedmont (1)
-
-
Basin and Range Province
-
Great Basin (1)
-
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (2)
-
Intermontane Belt (1)
-
North American Cordillera
-
Canadian Cordillera (3)
-
-
Peninsular Ranges Batholith (1)
-
Rocky Mountains (1)
-
Slide Mountain Terrane (1)
-
-
Pacific Coast (1)
-
Pacific region (1)
-
Quesnellia Terrane (3)
-
Sacramento Valley (1)
-
Santa Rita Mountains (1)
-
Scotia Sea Islands
-
South Orkney Islands (1)
-
South Shetland Islands (1)
-
-
Sierra Nevada (13)
-
Sinai (1)
-
South America
-
Amazonian Craton (1)
-
Andes
-
Eastern Cordillera (1)
-
Southern Andes (1)
-
-
Chile (1)
-
Peru (1)
-
-
South Island (1)
-
United States
-
Alaska
-
Brooks Range (1)
-
-
Arizona
-
Apache County Arizona (1)
-
Cochise County Arizona (1)
-
Coconino County Arizona (1)
-
Mohave County Arizona (1)
-
Navajo County Arizona (1)
-
Petrified Forest National Park (1)
-
Santa Cruz County Arizona (2)
-
-
Atlantic Coastal Plain
-
Southern Atlantic Coastal Plain (1)
-
-
California
-
Central California (1)
-
Fresno County California (1)
-
Northern California (2)
-
Rattlesnake Creek Terrane (2)
-
San Diego County California (1)
-
Sierra Nevada Batholith (2)
-
Siskiyou County California (1)
-
Trinity County California (1)
-
Tulare County California (1)
-
-
Colorado (1)
-
Colorado Plateau (3)
-
Eastern U.S. (3)
-
Florida (1)
-
Georgia (2)
-
Great Basin (1)
-
Idaho (1)
-
Klamath Mountains (7)
-
Maryland (1)
-
Nevada
-
Humboldt County Nevada (2)
-
Lyon County Nevada
-
Yerington Nevada (1)
-
-
Mineral County Nevada (2)
-
-
New England (1)
-
New Jersey
-
Hunterdon County New Jersey (1)
-
Mercer County New Jersey (1)
-
Somerset County New Jersey (1)
-
-
New York (3)
-
Newark Basin (5)
-
North Carolina (1)
-
Oregon (3)
-
Pennsylvania
-
Bucks County Pennsylvania (1)
-
Northampton County Pennsylvania (1)
-
-
Reading Prong (1)
-
Sevier orogenic belt (1)
-
South Carolina (1)
-
Southwestern U.S. (2)
-
Texas
-
East Texas Basin (1)
-
Ellis County Texas (1)
-
-
Virginia (1)
-
Washington (1)
-
Western U.S. (4)
-
Wyoming (1)
-
-
Western Hemisphere (1)
-
-
commodities
-
energy sources (1)
-
evaporite deposits (1)
-
metal ores
-
antimony ores (1)
-
base metals (1)
-
copper ores (5)
-
gold ores (3)
-
iron ores (1)
-
lead ores (1)
-
molybdenum ores (3)
-
nickel ores (1)
-
platinum ores (1)
-
polymetallic ores (1)
-
silver ores (3)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (6)
-
oil and gas fields (1)
-
petroleum
-
natural gas (1)
-
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
carbon (1)
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (1)
-
-
incompatible elements (1)
-
isotope ratios (17)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
D/H (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (2)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (10)
-
O-18/O-16 (1)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (2)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
Sr-87 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (7)
-
-
-
large-ion lithophile elements (1)
-
metals
-
alkali metals
-
rubidium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
Sr-87 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (7)
-
-
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (2)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (2)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
mercury (1)
-
platinum group
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
-
platinum ores (1)
-
-
rare earths
-
lutetium (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (10)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
-
-
noble gases
-
argon (1)
-
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (1)
-
-
sulfur
-
S-34/S-32 (1)
-
-
trace metals (1)
-
-
fossils
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Tetrapoda
-
Amphibia
-
Labyrinthodontia
-
Temnospondyli (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Invertebrata
-
Cnidaria
-
Anthozoa
-
Zoantharia
-
Scleractinia (1)
-
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Cephalopoda
-
Ammonoidea (2)
-
-
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera (1)
-
Radiolaria (2)
-
-
-
microfossils
-
Conodonta (2)
-
-
palynomorphs
-
Dinoflagellata (1)
-
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
calcareous algae (1)
-
-
-
-
geochronology methods
-
Ar/Ar (10)
-
fission-track dating (1)
-
K/Ar (6)
-
paleomagnetism (4)
-
Pb/Pb (1)
-
Rb/Sr (6)
-
Re/Os (1)
-
Th/U (1)
-
U/Pb (25)
-
U/Th/Pb (1)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene (1)
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (1)
-
Bear River Formation (1)
-
Hosston Formation (1)
-
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Cenomanian (1)
-
Frontier Formation (1)
-
Turonian (1)
-
-
-
Franciscan Complex (2)
-
Glen Canyon Group (1)
-
Great Valley Sequence (2)
-
Jurassic
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Sinemurian (1)
-
Sunrise Formation (1)
-
Toarcian (1)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Bajocian (1)
-
-
Smartville Complex (1)
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Entrada Sandstone (1)
-
Josephine Ophiolite (1)
-
-
-
lower Mesozoic (123)
-
Newark Supergroup (1)
-
Passaic Formation (4)
-
Triassic
-
Lower Triassic
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (3)
-
-
Middle Triassic (1)
-
Moenkopi Formation (1)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian (2)
-
Chinle Formation (3)
-
Lockatong Formation (4)
-
Petrified Forest Member (1)
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (2)
-
Yanshanian (1)
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Goldenville Formation (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Mississippian
-
Upper Mississippian (1)
-
-
Pennsylvanian (3)
-
Upper Carboniferous (1)
-
-
Devonian (3)
-
Ordovician (1)
-
Permian
-
Khuff Formation (1)
-
Lower Permian (1)
-
Upper Permian
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (3)
-
-
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Arkansas Novaculite (1)
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (2)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (3)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Mesoproterozoic (1)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Riphean (1)
-
Vendian (1)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic (2)
-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
hypabyssal rocks (2)
-
plutonic rocks
-
diabase
-
diabase porphyry (1)
-
-
diorites (1)
-
gabbros
-
norite (1)
-
olivine gabbro (1)
-
troctolite (1)
-
-
granites
-
A-type granites (1)
-
I-type granites (1)
-
S-type granites (1)
-
-
granodiorites (1)
-
lamproite (1)
-
lamprophyres (3)
-
monzonites (1)
-
pegmatite (2)
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites
-
dunite (1)
-
harzburgite (1)
-
-
-
-
porphyry (2)
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites (3)
-
basalts
-
flood basalts (2)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (7)
-
ocean-island basalts (3)
-
tholeiite (4)
-
tholeiitic basalt (1)
-
trap rocks (1)
-
-
dacites (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (1)
-
ignimbrite (1)
-
-
rhyolites (3)
-
trachyandesites (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (7)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (2)
-
eclogite (1)
-
gneisses
-
paragneiss (1)
-
-
granulites (1)
-
marbles (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metagranite (1)
-
serpentinite (2)
-
-
metaplutonic rocks (1)
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metasandstone (1)
-
paragneiss (1)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
greisen (1)
-
serpentinite (2)
-
skarn (2)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (4)
-
mylonites (1)
-
phyllites (1)
-
schists
-
blueschist (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (7)
-
turbidite (4)
-
-
minerals
-
minerals (1)
-
organic minerals
-
amber (1)
-
-
oxides
-
chrome spinel (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (1)
-
-
silicates
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
adularia (1)
-
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
zircon group
-
zircon (25)
-
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
mica group
-
biotite (2)
-
muscovite (1)
-
phengite (1)
-
-
sericite (1)
-
-
-
sulfides
-
galena (1)
-
molybdenite (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (46)
-
Africa
-
North Africa
-
Algeria (1)
-
Atlas Mountains (2)
-
Morocco (1)
-
-
Sahara (1)
-
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic Peninsula (2)
-
South Orkney Islands (1)
-
South Shetland Islands (1)
-
-
Arctic region
-
Russian Arctic
-
Novaya Zemlya (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Altai Mountains
-
Gorny Altai (2)
-
-
Altai Russian Federation
-
Gorny Altai (2)
-
-
Altai-Sayan region (2)
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Oman (1)
-
United Arab Emirates (1)
-
-
Buryat Russian Federation (2)
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Eastern Kazakhstan (1)
-
-
-
Chukotka Russian Federation
-
Chukchi Peninsula (1)
-
-
Dzhugdzhur region (1)
-
Far East
-
China
-
Donghai China (1)
-
Gansu China (1)
-
Guizhou China (1)
-
Heilongjiang China (1)
-
Jiangsu China (1)
-
Kunlun Mountains (1)
-
Nanling (1)
-
Nanpanjiang Basin (1)
-
Qinling Mountains (1)
-
Sanjiang (1)
-
South China Block (2)
-
Sulu Terrane (1)
-
Tarim Platform (1)
-
Zhejiang China (1)
-
-
Mongolia (7)
-
-
Gobi Desert (1)
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Norilsk region (1)
-
-
-
Lena Basin (1)
-
Middle East
-
Iran (1)
-
Turkey
-
Anatolia (1)
-
Lycian Taurus (1)
-
Pontic Mountains (1)
-
Sea of Marmara region (1)
-
Taurus Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Siberia (3)
-
Siberian Platform
-
Vilyuy Syneclise (1)
-
-
Stanovoy Range (1)
-
Tibetan Plateau (2)
-
Western Transbaikalia (3)
-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Kular Range (1)
-
-
Yana River (1)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Bay of Fundy (3)
-
Gulf of Mexico (1)
-
Scotian Shelf (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic region (4)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Northern Territory Australia (1)
-
South Australia
-
Flinders Ranges (1)
-
Gawler Craton (1)
-
Kangaroo Island (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Yilgarn Craton (1)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Nelson New Zealand (1)
-
Westland New Zealand (1)
-
-
-
biogeography (2)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick (4)
-
Nova Scotia
-
Minas Basin (1)
-
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland
-
Great Northern Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
-
Northumberland Strait (1)
-
Stikinia Terrane (1)
-
Western Canada
-
British Columbia (8)
-
Canadian Cordillera (3)
-
-
-
carbon (1)
-
Cenozoic
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene (1)
-
-
-
-
Central America
-
Chortis Block (1)
-
Honduras (1)
-
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Tetrapoda
-
Amphibia
-
Labyrinthodontia
-
Temnospondyli (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
continental drift (1)
-
crust (17)
-
data processing (2)
-
deformation (8)
-
economic geology (2)
-
energy sources (1)
-
Eurasia (2)
-
Europe
-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation
-
Novaya Zemlya (1)
-
-
Pyrenees (1)
-
Southern Europe
-
Greece
-
Greek Aegean Islands
-
Chios (1)
-
-
Hellenides (1)
-
Othrys (1)
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Spain (1)
-
-
Italy
-
Sardinia Italy (1)
-
-
-
Western Europe
-
France
-
Aude France (1)
-
Central Massif
-
Montagne Noire (1)
-
-
Tarn France (1)
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Cornwall England (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
evaporite deposits (1)
-
faults (28)
-
folds (10)
-
foliation (1)
-
geochemistry (23)
-
geochronology (8)
-
geophysical methods (7)
-
glacial geology (1)
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (1)
-
-
hydrology (1)
-
igneous rocks
-
hypabyssal rocks (2)
-
plutonic rocks
-
diabase
-
diabase porphyry (1)
-
-
diorites (1)
-
gabbros
-
norite (1)
-
olivine gabbro (1)
-
troctolite (1)
-
-
granites
-
A-type granites (1)
-
I-type granites (1)
-
S-type granites (1)
-
-
granodiorites (1)
-
lamproite (1)
-
lamprophyres (3)
-
monzonites (1)
-
pegmatite (2)
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites
-
dunite (1)
-
harzburgite (1)
-
-
-
-
porphyry (2)
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites (3)
-
basalts
-
flood basalts (2)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (7)
-
ocean-island basalts (3)
-
tholeiite (4)
-
tholeiitic basalt (1)
-
trap rocks (1)
-
-
dacites (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (1)
-
ignimbrite (1)
-
-
rhyolites (3)
-
trachyandesites (1)
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (1)
-
-
intrusions (31)
-
Invertebrata
-
Cnidaria
-
Anthozoa
-
Zoantharia
-
Scleractinia (1)
-
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Cephalopoda
-
Ammonoidea (2)
-
-
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera (1)
-
Radiolaria (2)
-
-
-
isostasy (1)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
D/H (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (2)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (10)
-
O-18/O-16 (1)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (2)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
Sr-87 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (7)
-
-
-
lava (4)
-
magmas (16)
-
mantle (7)
-
Mediterranean region
-
Aegean Islands
-
Greek Aegean Islands
-
Chios (1)
-
-
-
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
East Mediterranean
-
Aegean Sea (1)
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (1)
-
Bear River Formation (1)
-
Hosston Formation (1)
-
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Cenomanian (1)
-
Frontier Formation (1)
-
Turonian (1)
-
-
-
Franciscan Complex (2)
-
Glen Canyon Group (1)
-
Great Valley Sequence (2)
-
Jurassic
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Sinemurian (1)
-
Sunrise Formation (1)
-
Toarcian (1)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Bajocian (1)
-
-
Smartville Complex (1)
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Entrada Sandstone (1)
-
Josephine Ophiolite (1)
-
-
-
lower Mesozoic (123)
-
Newark Supergroup (1)
-
Passaic Formation (4)
-
Triassic
-
Lower Triassic
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (3)
-
-
Middle Triassic (1)
-
Moenkopi Formation (1)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian (2)
-
Chinle Formation (3)
-
Lockatong Formation (4)
-
Petrified Forest Member (1)
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (2)
-
Yanshanian (1)
-
-
metal ores
-
antimony ores (1)
-
base metals (1)
-
copper ores (5)
-
gold ores (3)
-
iron ores (1)
-
lead ores (1)
-
molybdenum ores (3)
-
nickel ores (1)
-
platinum ores (1)
-
polymetallic ores (1)
-
silver ores (3)
-
-
metals
-
alkali metals
-
rubidium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
Sr-87 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (7)
-
-
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (2)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (2)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
mercury (1)
-
platinum group
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
-
platinum ores (1)
-
-
rare earths
-
lutetium (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (10)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (2)
-
eclogite (1)
-
gneisses
-
paragneiss (1)
-
-
granulites (1)
-
marbles (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metagranite (1)
-
serpentinite (2)
-
-
metaplutonic rocks (1)
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metasandstone (1)
-
paragneiss (1)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
greisen (1)
-
serpentinite (2)
-
skarn (2)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (4)
-
mylonites (1)
-
phyllites (1)
-
schists
-
blueschist (1)
-
-
-
metamorphism (11)
-
metasomatism (7)
-
Mexico
-
Sonora Mexico (1)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (6)
-
mineralogy (1)
-
minerals (1)
-
noble gases
-
argon (1)
-
-
North America
-
Appalachians
-
Piedmont (1)
-
-
Basin and Range Province
-
Great Basin (1)
-
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (2)
-
Intermontane Belt (1)
-
North American Cordillera
-
Canadian Cordillera (3)
-
-
Peninsular Ranges Batholith (1)
-
Rocky Mountains (1)
-
Slide Mountain Terrane (1)
-
-
oil and gas fields (1)
-
orogeny (13)
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (1)
-
-
Pacific Coast (1)
-
Pacific region (1)
-
paleoclimatology (4)
-
paleoecology (4)
-
paleogeography (17)
-
paleomagnetism (4)
-
paleontology (1)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Goldenville Formation (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Mississippian
-
Upper Mississippian (1)
-
-
Pennsylvanian (3)
-
Upper Carboniferous (1)
-
-
Devonian (3)
-
Ordovician (1)
-
Permian
-
Khuff Formation (1)
-
Lower Permian (1)
-
Upper Permian
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (3)
-
-
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Arkansas Novaculite (1)
-
-
-
palynomorphs
-
Dinoflagellata (1)
-
-
paragenesis (1)
-
petroleum
-
natural gas (1)
-
-
petrology (7)
-
Phanerozoic (2)
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
calcareous algae (1)
-
-
-
plate tectonics (33)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (3)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Mesoproterozoic (1)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Riphean (1)
-
Vendian (1)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic (2)
-
-
-
-
reefs (1)
-
sedimentary rocks
-
carbonate rocks
-
dolostone (1)
-
limestone (2)
-
-
chemically precipitated rocks
-
chert (4)
-
evaporites
-
sylvinite (1)
-
-
-
clastic rocks
-
argillite (1)
-
conglomerate (2)
-
eolianite (1)
-
fanglomerate (1)
-
mudstone (2)
-
red beds (2)
-
sandstone (9)
-
shale (3)
-
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
planar bedding structures
-
cross-laminations (1)
-
laminations (2)
-
-
soft sediment deformation
-
olistostromes (3)
-
slump structures (1)
-
-
-
sedimentation (8)
-
South America
-
Amazonian Craton (1)
-
Andes
-
Eastern Cordillera (1)
-
Southern Andes (1)
-
-
Chile (1)
-
Peru (1)
-
-
stratigraphy (14)
-
structural analysis (7)
-
structural geology (16)
-
sulfur
-
S-34/S-32 (1)
-
-
symposia (1)
-
tectonics (46)
-
tectonophysics (3)
-
United States
-
Alaska
-
Brooks Range (1)
-
-
Arizona
-
Apache County Arizona (1)
-
Cochise County Arizona (1)
-
Coconino County Arizona (1)
-
Mohave County Arizona (1)
-
Navajo County Arizona (1)
-
Petrified Forest National Park (1)
-
Santa Cruz County Arizona (2)
-
-
Atlantic Coastal Plain
-
Southern Atlantic Coastal Plain (1)
-
-
California
-
Central California (1)
-
Fresno County California (1)
-
Northern California (2)
-
Rattlesnake Creek Terrane (2)
-
San Diego County California (1)
-
Sierra Nevada Batholith (2)
-
Siskiyou County California (1)
-
Trinity County California (1)
-
Tulare County California (1)
-
-
Colorado (1)
-
Colorado Plateau (3)
-
Eastern U.S. (3)
-
Florida (1)
-
Georgia (2)
-
Great Basin (1)
-
Idaho (1)
-
Klamath Mountains (7)
-
Maryland (1)
-
Nevada
-
Humboldt County Nevada (2)
-
Lyon County Nevada
-
Yerington Nevada (1)
-
-
Mineral County Nevada (2)
-
-
New England (1)
-
New Jersey
-
Hunterdon County New Jersey (1)
-
Mercer County New Jersey (1)
-
Somerset County New Jersey (1)
-
-
New York (3)
-
Newark Basin (5)
-
North Carolina (1)
-
Oregon (3)
-
Pennsylvania
-
Bucks County Pennsylvania (1)
-
Northampton County Pennsylvania (1)
-
-
Reading Prong (1)
-
Sevier orogenic belt (1)
-
South Carolina (1)
-
Southwestern U.S. (2)
-
Texas
-
East Texas Basin (1)
-
Ellis County Texas (1)
-
-
Virginia (1)
-
Washington (1)
-
Western U.S. (4)
-
Wyoming (1)
-
-
volcanology (2)
-
weathering (1)
-
Western Hemisphere (1)
-
-
rock formations
-
Cache Creek Group (1)
-
Emeishan Basalts (1)
-
Stockton Formation (1)
-
Torlesse Supergroup (1)
-
-
sedimentary rocks
-
flysch (1)
-
sedimentary rocks
-
carbonate rocks
-
dolostone (1)
-
limestone (2)
-
-
chemically precipitated rocks
-
chert (4)
-
evaporites
-
sylvinite (1)
-
-
-
clastic rocks
-
argillite (1)
-
conglomerate (2)
-
eolianite (1)
-
fanglomerate (1)
-
mudstone (2)
-
red beds (2)
-
sandstone (9)
-
shale (3)
-
-
-
turbidite (4)
-
volcaniclastics (2)
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
boudinage (2)
-
sedimentary structures
-
planar bedding structures
-
cross-laminations (1)
-
laminations (2)
-
-
soft sediment deformation
-
olistostromes (3)
-
slump structures (1)
-
-
-
-
sediments
-
turbidite (4)
-
volcaniclastics (2)
-
lower Mesozoic
Subduction erosion revealed by exhumed lower arc crustal rocks in an accretionary complex, northeastern China
Large detrital zircon data set investigation and provenance mapping: Local versus regional and continental sediment sources before, during, and after Ancestral Rocky Mountain deformation
Incorporation of incompatible trace elements into molybdenite: Layered PbS precipitates within molybdenite
Kinematics and Geochronology of Late Paleozoic–Early Mesozoic Ductile Deformation in the Alxa Block, NW China: New Constraints on the Evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt
Lahroud, a Paleo-Tethys Remnant in Northwestern Iran: Implications for Geochemistry, Radioisotope Geochronology, and Tectonic Setting
Early Mesozoic Rare-Metal Granites and Metasomatites of Mongolia: Mineral and Geochemical Features and Hosted Ore Mineralization (Baga Gazriin Chuluu Pluton)
Evolution of the early Mesozoic Cordilleran arc: The detrital zircon record of back-arc basin deposits, Triassic Buckskin Formation, western Arizona and southeastern California, USA
ABSTRACT Lower Mesozoic clastic rocks that unconformably overlie Paleozoic rocks within the Northern Sierra terrane provide clues regarding the evolution of the terrane during a 60 m.y. interval spanning the late Carnian through Bajocian. New detrital-zircon data provide fresh insights into the ages and provenance of these clastic rocks, together with new inferences about the Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the terrane. Previous studies have shown that from the late Carnian to the Sinemurian (~40 m.y.), a 1-km-thick section of subaerial to shallow-marine clastic arc-derived sediment accumulated and shallow-marine carbonate was deposited. At the base of this section, detrital-zircon results suggest the Northern Sierra terrane was located near a source area, possibly the El Paso terrane, containing Permian igneous rocks ranging in age from 270 to 254 Ma. By the earliest Jurassic, the detrital-zircon data suggest the Northern Sierra terrane was located near a source containing latest Triassic–earliest Jurassic igneous rocks spanning 209–186 Ma. The source of this material may have been the Happy Creek volcanic complex of the Black Rock terrane. A deep-marine, anoxic basin developed within the Northern Sierra terrane ca. 187–168 Ma. Approximately 3.5 km of distal turbidites were deposited in this basin. Previously reported geochemical characteristics of these turbidites link the Northern Sierra terrane with arc rock of the Black Rock terrane during this interval, except for a short time in the late Toarcian, when the terrane received an influx of quartz-rich sediment, likely derived from Mesozoic erg deposits now exposed on the Colorado Plateau. Clastic deposition within the Northern Sierra terrane ended in the Bajocian. Eruption of proximal-facies, mafic volcanic rocks and intrusion of hypabyssal rock and 168–163 Ma plutons reflect development of a magmatic arc within the terrane. These igneous rocks represent the first unequivocal evidence that the Northern Sierra terrane was located within a convergent-margin arc during the Triassic and Jurassic. Because detrital-zircon data from Lower Mesozoic strata within the Northern Sierra terrane indicate that it was depositionally linked with differing source areas through time early in the Mesozoic, the terrane may have been mobile along the western margin of Laurentia. There is little evidence from sediment within the Lower Mesozoic section of the terrane that can clearly be tied to the craton or the continental-margin Triassic arc prior to the late Toarcian. The absence of Upper Triassic or Lower Jurassic plutonic rocks within the terrane prior to the mid-Bajocian is also consistent with some form of isolation from the continental-margin arc system. While new detrital-zircon results place the Northern Sierra terrane proximal to the western margin of Laurentia in the late Toarcian, the current location of the terrane likely reflects Early Cretaceous offset along the Mojave–Snow Lake fault.
ABSTRACT The Willard-Paris-Meade thrust sheet is the oldest and westernmost sheet to develop in the Wyoming salient of the Sevier fold-and-thrust belt. This dominant thrust sheet was transported ~60–70 km eastward, but despite its importance to the overall shortening budget of the Cordilleran orogenic system, the timing for onset and cessation of major fault slip is poorly constrained. Synorogenic strata associated with emplacement of the sheet thicken westward, reaching a total thickness >2 km near the thrust front, and are divided into five intervals: (1) lower and (2) upper parts of the Aptian(?) to Albian Gannett Group (Ephraim and Bechler Formations); (3) Upper Albian Smiths, Thomas Fork, and Cokeville Formations and correlative Bear River Formation; (4) uppermost Albian to Cenomanian Sage Junction Formation and partly correlative Aspen Shale; and (5) Upper Cenomanian to Turonian Frontier Formation. Integrated sedimentologic, detrital zircon provenance, and subsidence analyses of these foreland basin strata record a protracted history of thrust sheet emplacement. Detrital zircon U-Pb age spectra, conglomerate clast types, and sandstone petrography record an unroofing sequence, with progressive erosion of Lower Mesozoic to Upper Paleozoic to Lower Paleozoic bedrock levels, starting in the more western Paris sheet and continuing across the Meade and Willard sheets. Synorogenic strata also contain young grains derived from the Cordilleran magmatic arc that bracket maximum depositional ages of: 115.2 ± 1.8 Ma and 116.2 ± 2.3 Ma in the upper Ephraim Formation to 107.9 ± 2.4 Ma in the overlying Bechler Formation, which were deposited during early thrust slip; 101.6 ± 0.7 Ma, 101.4 ± 0.6 Ma, and 98.8 ± 0.4 Ma in the Cokeville, Sage Junction, and Aspen Formations, respectively, which were deposited during increased subsidence and thrust slip rates; and 95.6 ± 1.4 Ma in the Frontier Formation, which was deposited during late slip, eastward thrust propagation, and early uplift of the Wasatch anticlinorium. The lower Ephraim Formation was deposited during the Early Cretaceous Cordilleran magmatic lull and lacks young zircon grains, such that timing for thrust initiation is not well constrained, ranging from ca. 130 to 120 Ma. Regional variations in stratigraphic thickness and sedimentation rates, combined with flexural modeling, indicate that a foredeep began developing in front of the Paris thrust and then migrated eastward as the Meade and Willard thrusts propagated and overrode their own synorogenic strata, with increasing rates of thrust loading and subsidence from ca. 105 Ma to 95 Ma.
Geochronology of early Mesozoic diabase units in southwestern China: metallogenic and tectonic implications
Early Mesozoic sinistral transpression along the Pai-Khoi–Novaya Zemlya fold–thrust belt, Russia
Abstract The NW–SE-trending Pai-Khoi fold–thrust belt links the Permian Uralian Orogen in the Polar Urals with the early Mesozoic fold belt on Novaya Zemlya. An interpretation of structural lineaments present in southern Novaya Zemlya suggests that the NW–SE-trending fold belt in southernmost Novaya Zemlya may have formed contemporaneously with parallel sinistral strike-slip faults. Analysis of regional-scale geological maps of the adjacent Pai-Khoi fold–thrust belt reveals large-scale structural relationships indicative of sinistral shear along the fold–thrust belt, including the presence of left-stepping en echelon folds within the Kara Shale Allochthon. This interpretation is corroborated by a field study of the allochthon-bounding Main Pai-Khoi Thrust, which reveals a consistently oblique tectonic stretching lineation, pitching 56° towards the east, suggesting tectonic displacement towards the west. It is therefore proposed that the Pai-Khoi fold–thrust belt is best described as a zone of sinistral inclined transpression. The interpretation of the Pai-Khoi fold–thrust belt as a zone of sinistral transpression has important implications for the interpretation of this tectonic boundary. This is reflected in a new structural cross-section through southernmost Novaya Zemlya, which is characterized by thick-skinned tectonics and steep strike-slip faults. These faults may link at depth with the Baidaratsky Fault.
Early Mesozoic intracontinental orogeny and stress transmission in South China: evidence from Triassic peraluminous granites
Provenance evolution during progressive rifting and hyperextension using bedrock and detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology, Mauléon Basin, western Pyrenees
Zoned magmatic areas and anorogenic batholith formation in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt ( by the example of the Late Paleozoic Khangai magmatic area )
Temporal and tectonic relations of early Mesozoic arc magmatism, southern Sierra Nevada, California
Early Mesozoic arc magmatism of the southern Sierra Nevada region records the onset of plate convergence–driven magmatism resulting from subduction initiation near the end of Permian time along a prior transform margin. We provisionally adopt the term California-Coahuila transform for this complex boundary transform system, which bounded the southwest margin of the Cordilleran passive margin, its offshore marginal basin, and fringing island arc. In Pennsylvanian–Early Permian time, this transform cut into the arc-marginal basin and adjacent shelf system, calved off a series of strike-slip ribbons, and transported them differentially southward through ∼500–1000-km-scale sinistral displacements. These strike-slip ribbons constitute the principal Neoproterozoic–Paleozoic metamorphic framework terranes for the superposed Mesozoic batholithic belt in the Sierra Nevada and Mojave plateau regions. The southern Sierra Nevada batholith intruded along the transform truncation zone where marginal basin ribbons were juxtaposed against the truncated shelf. Strike-slip ribbons, or blocks, liberated from the truncated shelf occur today as the Caborca block in northwest Mexico, and possibly parts of the Chortis block, farther south. The oldest arc plutons in the Sierra region were emplaced between 256 and 248 Ma, which matches well with ca. 255 Ma high-pressure metamorphism recorded in the western Sierra Foothills ophiolite belt, interpreted to approximate the time of subduction initiation. The initial phases of arc plutonism were accompanied by regional transpressive fold-and-thrust deformation, kinematically marking the transition from transform to oblique convergent plate motion. Early arc volcanism is sparsely recorded owing to fold-and-thrust–driven exhumation having accompanied the early phases of arc activity. By Late Triassic time, the volcanic record became quite prolific, owing to regional subsidence of the arc into marine conditions, and the ponding of volcanics in a regional arc graben system. The arc graben system is but one mark of regional suprasubduction-zone extension that affected the early SW Cordilleran convergent margin from Late Triassic to early Middle Jurassic time. We interpret this extension to have been a dynamic consequence of the subduction of exceptionally aged Panthalassa abyssal lithosphere, which is well represented in the Foothills ophiolite belt and other ophiolitic remnants of the SW Cordillera. Middle and Late Jurassic time was characterized by important tangential displacements along the SW Cordil-leran convergent margin. In Middle Jurassic time, dextral impingement of the Insular superterrane intra-oceanic arc drove a migrating welt of transpressional deformation through the SW Cordillera while the superterrane was en route to its Pacific Northwest accretionary site. Dextral transtensional spreading in the wake of the obliquely colliding and translating arc opened the Coast Range and Josephine ophiolite basins. In Late Jurassic time, a northwestward acceleration in the absolute motion of the North American plate resulted in an ∼15 m.y. period of profound sinistral shear along the Cordilleran convergent margin. This shear is recorded in the southern Cordillera by the Mojave-Sonora megashear system. Late Jurassic intrusive units of the southern Sierra region record sinistral shear during their magmatic emplacement, but we have not observed evidence for major Late Jurassic sinistral displacements having run through the Sierran framework. Possible displacements related to the megashear in the California to Washington regions are likely to have: (1) followed preexisting transforms in the Coast Range ophiolite basin and (2) been accommodated by oblique closure of the Josephine ophiolite basin, and the northern reaches of the Coast Range ophiolite basin, proximal to the southern Insular superterrane, which in Late Jurassic–earliest Cretaceous time was obliquely accreting to the inner Cordillera terranes of the Pacific Northwest.
Late Triassic through Early Cretaceous detrital zircon separated from Lower Cretaceous sedimentary strata provides a record of arc magmatism that is not obscured by products of the mid- to Late Cretaceous surge, which dominate the exposed Sierra Nevada batholith. Matching U-Pb age-probability maxima to U-Pb dates of exposed arc plutonic rocks provides confirmation that the detrital zircon was sourced in the erupting and eroding Sierra Nevada arc. These data suggest that magmatic productivity in the southwestern arc increased steadily through the Middle Jurassic, from an Early Jurassic lull through the Late Jurassic. The detrital-zircon record documents an original footprint of the Early Cretaceous arc extending from its current exposure in the western Sierra Nevada foothills northwestward into the eastern Sacramento Valley, where its relatively mafic roots are presumably buried beneath younger sedimentary strata infilling the Great Valley. The sparse record of Late Triassic magmatism preserved in the analyzed intra-arc and forearc deposits likely reflects greater separations in both time and space between the Early Cretaceous basins and the Triassic arc. Analysis of an atypically dense sample set from the Goldstein Peak Formation intra-arc basin deposits, in conjunction with new data from the Lower Cretaceous Gravelly Flat Formation and published data from other Lower Cretaceous forearc strata of the Great Valley Group, suggests that an even greater density and broader geographic distribution of detrital-zircon samples are needed to more completely reconstruct the record of arc magmatism.