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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
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North Africa
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Algeria
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Berkine Basin (1)
-
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Ghadames Basin (1)
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Libya
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Murzuk Basin (1)
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Sahara (3)
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Southern Africa
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South Africa
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Western Cape Province South Africa (1)
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West Africa
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Mauritania (1)
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Alexander Terrane (1)
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Arctic region
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Greenland
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Northern Greenland (5)
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Svalbard
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Spitsbergen (1)
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Asia
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Arabian Peninsula
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Saudi Arabia (4)
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Far East
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China
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Chongqing China (3)
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Gansu China (1)
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Hubei China
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Middle East
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Siberia (2)
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Atlantic region (1)
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Australasia
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Australia
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Australian Capital Territory
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Queensland Australia (3)
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Quebec
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Western Canada
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Chaleur Bay (3)
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Urals
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Ukraine
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Western Europe
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Borders region Scotland (1)
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Georgian Bay (1)
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McGrath Quadrangle (1)
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Appalachians
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Northern Hemisphere (1)
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Pacific Ocean
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North Pacific
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Peel River (1)
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Andes
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Argentina
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Brazil
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Paraguay (5)
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Precordillera (2)
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Southern Uplands (9)
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United States
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Alabama
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Etowah County Alabama (1)
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Alaska (5)
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California
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Channel Islands
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Los Angeles County California
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Cincinnati Arch (3)
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Georgia
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Illinois (2)
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Iowa
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (14)
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (2)
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O-18/O-16 (3)
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (5)
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large-ion lithophile elements (1)
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metals
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actinides
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uranium (1)
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alkali metals
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rubidium
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
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alkaline earth metals
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barium (1)
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strontium
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (5)
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chromium (2)
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cobalt (1)
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gold (1)
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hafnium
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lead (1)
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platinum group
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palladium (1)
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precious metals (2)
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rare earths
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neodymium
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (2)
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
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samarium
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
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yttrium (2)
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tantalum (1)
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vanadium (2)
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oxygen
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fossils
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borings (2)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Graptolithina
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Invertebrata
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Brachiopoda
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Articulata
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Strophomenida
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Inarticulata (1)
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-
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Cnidaria
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Tabulata (7)
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Scyphozoa
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Conulariida (1)
-
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Echinodermata
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Asterozoa
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Crinozoa
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-
Crinoidea (25)
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Paracrinoidea (1)
-
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Echinozoa
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Edrioasteroidea (2)
-
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Homalozoa
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-
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Mollusca
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Cephalopoda
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Archaeogastropoda (1)
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-
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Porifera
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-
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Protista
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Foraminifera (1)
-
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-
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Vermes
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-
scolecodonts (1)
-
-
-
microfossils
-
Chitinozoa (15)
-
Conodonta (34)
-
problematic microfossils (3)
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-
-
palynomorphs
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-
Chitinozoa (15)
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miospores (2)
-
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Plantae
-
algae
-
calcareous algae (1)
-
Chlorophyta
-
Chlorophyceae
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Dasycladaceae (1)
-
-
-
-
-
problematic fossils
-
problematic microfossils (3)
-
-
Pterobranchia (5)
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thallophytes (2)
-
-
geochronology methods
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paleomagnetism (3)
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Rb/Sr (2)
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Sm/Nd (2)
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U/Pb (7)
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U/Th/Pb (1)
-
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geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Capistrano Formation (1)
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-
-
Dalradian (1)
-
Mesozoic
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Cretaceous (1)
-
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Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
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-
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-
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-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
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Charles Formation (2)
-
Mission Canyon Limestone (2)
-
-
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian
-
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-
-
Middle Devonian
-
Givetian (1)
-
Winnipegosis Formation (4)
-
-
Old Red Sandstone (1)
-
Upper Devonian
-
Birdbear Formation (1)
-
Duperow Formation (2)
-
Frasnian (2)
-
-
-
Ellis Bay Formation (4)
-
Hanson Creek Formation (1)
-
Leinster Granite (1)
-
lower Paleozoic
-
Cape Phillips Formation (6)
-
-
Matapedia Group (1)
-
Merrimack Group (2)
-
middle Paleozoic (1)
-
Ordovician
-
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-
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-
-
Middle Ordovician
-
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-
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-
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-
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (18)
-
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-
Cincinnatian
-
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-
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-
-
Hirnantian (14)
-
Katian (3)
-
Red River Formation (3)
-
Sandbian (1)
-
Wufeng Formation (1)
-
-
-
Permian (2)
-
Road River Formation (4)
-
Silurian
-
Crab Orchard Formation (1)
-
Lockport Formation (1)
-
Lower Silurian
-
Brassfield Formation (12)
-
Llandovery
-
Aberystwyth Grits (2)
-
Aeronian (30)
-
Interlake Formation (7)
-
Rhuddanian (28)
-
Telychian (35)
-
-
Qalibah Formation (2)
-
Tuscarora Formation (3)
-
Wenlock
-
Homerian (1)
-
Sheinwoodian (6)
-
-
-
Middle Silurian
-
Clinton Group (3)
-
Racine Dolomite (3)
-
Roberts Mountains Formation (1)
-
Rose Hill Formation (1)
-
-
Niagaran (4)
-
Upper Silurian
-
Ludlow
-
Gorstian (1)
-
Ludfordian (1)
-
-
Pridoli (8)
-
-
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Bakken Formation (1)
-
Kaskaskia Sequence (1)
-
-
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Neoarchean (1)
-
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Ediacaran
-
Wonoka Formation (1)
-
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Tonian (1)
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-
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Paleoproterozoic (1)
-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
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plutonic rocks
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gabbros (1)
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granites (3)
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volcanic rocks
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pyroclastics
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volcanic ash (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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metasedimentary rocks (5)
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turbidite (12)
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meteorites
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carbonates
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oxides
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phosphates
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apatite (3)
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monazite (1)
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selenides (1)
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
diopside (1)
-
-
-
wollastonite group
-
wollastonite (1)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
sanidine (1)
-
-
plagioclase
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anorthite (2)
-
-
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silica minerals
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quartz (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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garnet group
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grossular (1)
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merwinite (1)
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spurrite (1)
-
zircon group
-
zircon (5)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
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melilite group
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melilite (1)
-
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chlorite (2)
-
-
clay minerals (1)
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illite (1)
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mica group (1)
-
-
-
sulfates
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alum (1)
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anhydrite (1)
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barite (1)
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sulfides
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chalcopyrite (1)
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pyrrhotite (1)
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tellurides (1)
-
-
Primary terms
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absolute age (11)
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Africa
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North Africa
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Algeria
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Berkine Basin (1)
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Ghadames Basin (1)
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Libya
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Sahara (3)
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Southern Africa
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South Africa
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Western Cape Province South Africa (1)
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West Africa
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Mauritania (1)
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Arctic region
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Greenland
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Svalbard
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Asia
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Far East
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Queensland Australia (3)
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bacteria (2)
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biogeography (31)
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Canada
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Ontario
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Manitoulin District Ontario
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Moose River basin (1)
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Quebec
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Hudson Bay Lowlands (3)
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Mackenzie Mountains (9)
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Nunavut
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Ellesmere Island (5)
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Queen Elizabeth Islands
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Parry Islands (9)
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Western Canada
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British Columbia (2)
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Northwest Territories (17)
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Yukon Territory (1)
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-
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (14)
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organic carbon (1)
-
-
Caribbean region
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West Indies
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Bahamas (1)
-
-
-
Cenozoic
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Capistrano Formation (1)
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Pliocene (1)
-
-
-
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Pisces (1)
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Tetrapoda
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Aves (1)
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Thelodonti (2)
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clay mineralogy (1)
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climate change (3)
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continental drift (2)
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data processing (2)
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deformation (2)
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Europe
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Alps
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Baltic region
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Estonia
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Latvia (4)
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Central Europe
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Poland
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Swiety Krzyz Mountains (2)
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Fennoscandian Shield (1)
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Pyrenees
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Sakmara Zone (1)
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Southern Europe
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Spain
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Italy
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Ukraine
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Western Europe
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France
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Brittany (1)
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Herault France (2)
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Ireland
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Scandinavia
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Sweden
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Gotland Sweden (6)
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United Kingdom
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Scotland
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Borders region Scotland (1)
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Wales
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Cardiganshire Wales
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Carmarthenshire Wales
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Powys Wales (5)
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Welsh Basin (11)
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Northern Ireland (3)
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-
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faults (9)
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folds (5)
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foliation (1)
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fungi (1)
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geochemistry (14)
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geochronology (5)
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geophysical methods (5)
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glacial geology (2)
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Graptolithina
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Graptoloidea
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Monograptina
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Monograptus (6)
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-
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Hemichordata (11)
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hydrogen (2)
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ichnofossils
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Chondrites ichnofossils (4)
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Diplocraterion (1)
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Nereites (1)
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Palaeophycus (1)
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Skolithos (1)
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Trypanites (1)
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igneous rocks
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plutonic rocks
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diorites
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gabbros (1)
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granites (3)
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volcanic rocks
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basalts
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pyroclastics
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tuff (1)
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inclusions
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fluid inclusions (1)
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-
Indian Ocean
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Arabian Sea
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Indus Fan (1)
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-
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intrusions (2)
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Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Chelicerata
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Merostomata
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Eurypterida (1)
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Xiphosura (1)
-
-
-
Mandibulata
-
Crustacea
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Ostracoda
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Myodocopida (1)
-
-
-
-
Trilobitomorpha
-
Trilobita
-
Odontopleurida (2)
-
Phacopida
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Phacopina (1)
-
-
Ptychopariida
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Proetidae (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Brachiopoda
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Articulata
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Orthida (2)
-
Pentamerida (6)
-
Rhynchonellida
-
Rhynchonellidae (1)
-
-
Spiriferida
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Atrypidae
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Atrypa (1)
-
-
-
Strophomenida
-
Strophomena (2)
-
-
-
Inarticulata (1)
-
-
Bryozoa
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Cryptostomata (1)
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Trepostomata (1)
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-
Cnidaria
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Anthozoa
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Zoantharia
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Rugosa (3)
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Tabulata (7)
-
-
-
Scyphozoa
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Conulariida (1)
-
-
-
Echinodermata
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Asterozoa
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Stelleroidea
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Asteroidea (1)
-
-
-
Crinozoa
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Blastoidea (1)
-
Crinoidea (25)
-
Paracrinoidea (1)
-
-
Echinozoa
-
Edrioasteroidea (2)
-
-
Homalozoa
-
Machaeridia (3)
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia (3)
-
Cephalopoda
-
Nautiloidea (2)
-
-
Gastropoda
-
Archaeogastropoda (1)
-
-
Rostroconchia (1)
-
-
Porifera
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Hexactinellida (2)
-
Stromatoporoidea (6)
-
-
Protista
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Foraminifera (1)
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Radiolaria (7)
-
-
Vermes
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Annelida (3)
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scolecodonts (1)
-
-
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (14)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (2)
-
O-18/O-16 (3)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (5)
-
-
-
lineation (1)
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magmas (2)
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mantle (1)
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous (1)
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-
metal ores (2)
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metals
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actinides
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thorium (1)
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uranium (1)
-
-
alkali metals
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rubidium
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
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-
-
alkaline earth metals
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barium (1)
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strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (5)
-
-
-
chromium (2)
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cobalt (1)
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gold (1)
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hafnium
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
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lead (1)
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niobium (1)
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platinum group
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palladium (1)
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precious metals (2)
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rare earths
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neodymium
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (2)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
yttrium (2)
-
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tantalum (1)
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vanadium (2)
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zirconium (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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hornfels (1)
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marbles (1)
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metasedimentary rocks (5)
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metamorphism (4)
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museums (1)
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North America
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Appalachian Basin (2)
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Appalachians
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Southern Appalachians (1)
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Great Lakes
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Great Lakes region (3)
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Michigan Basin (3)
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Saint Lawrence River (1)
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Williston Basin (7)
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Northern Hemisphere (1)
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ocean floors (1)
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oil and gas fields (3)
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orogeny (4)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (3)
-
-
Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific
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Northeast Pacific
-
Monterey Fan (1)
-
-
-
North Pacific
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Northeast Pacific
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Monterey Fan (1)
-
-
-
-
paleobotany (3)
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paleoclimatology (7)
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paleoecology (43)
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paleogeography (36)
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paleomagnetism (3)
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paleontology (31)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Middle Cambrian (1)
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Furongian (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Mississippian
-
Charles Formation (2)
-
Mission Canyon Limestone (2)
-
-
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian
-
Emsian (1)
-
Gedinnian (1)
-
-
Middle Devonian
-
Givetian (1)
-
Winnipegosis Formation (4)
-
-
Old Red Sandstone (1)
-
Upper Devonian
-
Birdbear Formation (1)
-
Duperow Formation (2)
-
Frasnian (2)
-
-
-
Ellis Bay Formation (4)
-
Hanson Creek Formation (1)
-
Leinster Granite (1)
-
lower Paleozoic
-
Cape Phillips Formation (6)
-
-
Matapedia Group (1)
-
Merrimack Group (2)
-
middle Paleozoic (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician
-
Arenigian (1)
-
Tremadocian (2)
-
-
Middle Ordovician
-
Blackriverian (1)
-
Bromide Formation (1)
-
Llandeilian (1)
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Winnipeg Formation (1)
-
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (18)
-
Caradocian (4)
-
Cincinnatian
-
Maysvillian (1)
-
Richmondian (1)
-
-
Hirnantian (14)
-
Katian (3)
-
Red River Formation (3)
-
Sandbian (1)
-
Wufeng Formation (1)
-
-
-
Permian (2)
-
Road River Formation (4)
-
Silurian
-
Crab Orchard Formation (1)
-
Lockport Formation (1)
-
Lower Silurian
-
Brassfield Formation (12)
-
Llandovery
-
Aberystwyth Grits (2)
-
Aeronian (30)
-
Interlake Formation (7)
-
Rhuddanian (28)
-
Telychian (35)
-
-
Qalibah Formation (2)
-
Tuscarora Formation (3)
-
Wenlock
-
Homerian (1)
-
Sheinwoodian (6)
-
-
-
Middle Silurian
-
Clinton Group (3)
-
Racine Dolomite (3)
-
Roberts Mountains Formation (1)
-
Rose Hill Formation (1)
-
-
Niagaran (4)
-
Upper Silurian
-
Ludlow
-
Gorstian (1)
-
Ludfordian (1)
-
-
Pridoli (8)
-
-
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Bakken Formation (1)
-
Kaskaskia Sequence (1)
-
-
-
palynology (1)
-
palynomorphs
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acritarchs (12)
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Chitinozoa (15)
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miospores (2)
-
-
paragenesis (2)
-
petroleum
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natural gas
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shale gas (1)
-
-
shale oil (1)
-
-
petrology (1)
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
calcareous algae (1)
-
Chlorophyta
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Chlorophyceae
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Dasycladaceae (1)
-
-
-
-
-
plate tectonics (8)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Neoarchean (1)
-
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Ediacaran
-
Wonoka Formation (1)
-
-
Tonian (1)
-
Vendian (1)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic (1)
-
-
-
-
problematic fossils
-
problematic microfossils (3)
-
-
Pterobranchia (5)
-
reefs (7)
-
sea-level changes (27)
-
sedimentary petrology (10)
-
sedimentary rocks
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carbonate rocks
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boundstone (1)
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dolostone (5)
-
limestone
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micrite (2)
-
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packstone (1)
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rudstone (1)
-
wackestone (2)
-
-
chemically precipitated rocks
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chert (2)
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evaporites (1)
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phosphate rocks (1)
-
-
clastic rocks
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argillite (1)
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arkose (1)
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bentonite (4)
-
black shale (8)
-
conglomerate (2)
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diamictite (1)
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marl (1)
-
mudstone (9)
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radiolarite (1)
-
red beds (3)
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sandstone (12)
-
shale (11)
-
siltstone (7)
-
tillite (2)
-
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
bedding plane irregularities
-
tool marks (1)
-
-
biogenic structures
-
algal structures
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algal mounds (1)
-
-
lebensspuren (2)
-
stromatolites (2)
-
-
planar bedding structures
-
bedding (2)
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cross-bedding (1)
-
cross-laminations (1)
-
hummocky cross-stratification (1)
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laminations (1)
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sand bodies (1)
-
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secondary structures
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concretions (2)
-
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soft sediment deformation (1)
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sole marks (2)
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turbidity current structures (1)
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-
sedimentation (25)
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sediments (1)
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South America
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Amazon Basin (1)
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Andes
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Eastern Cordillera (1)
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Argentina
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San Juan Argentina
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Talacasto Argentina (1)
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Bolivia (1)
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Brazil
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Goias Brazil (1)
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Paraguay (5)
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Precordillera (2)
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stratigraphy (46)
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structural analysis (1)
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tectonics (21)
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tectonophysics (2)
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thallophytes (2)
-
United States
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Alabama
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Etowah County Alabama (1)
-
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Alaska (5)
-
California
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Channel Islands
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San Clemente Island (1)
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Los Angeles County California
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San Clemente Island (1)
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Cincinnati Arch (3)
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Eastern U.S. (1)
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Georgia
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Catoosa County Georgia (1)
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Illinois (2)
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Iowa
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Kentucky
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Bath County Kentucky (3)
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Madison County Kentucky (1)
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Maine
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Maryland
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Michigan
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Midcontinent (2)
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Montana
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Sheridan County Montana (2)
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Nevada
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New York
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Monroe County New York
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Rochester New York (1)
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Niagara County New York (4)
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North Dakota (4)
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Ohio
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Oklahoma
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West Virginia
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Wisconsin
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Llandovery
Age and significance of the Fire Bay assemblage: an Ordovician arc fragment within the Clements Markham belt, northwestern Ellesmere Island, Canada
ABSTRACT Three Silurian basin fills, the Llandovery–Wenlock Croagh Patrick and Killary Harbour–Joyce Country successions and the Ludlow–Pridoli Louisburgh–Clare Island succession, overstep the tectonic contacts between elements of the Grampian (Taconic) accretionary history of the Caledonian-Appalachian orogeny in western Ireland. New U-Pb detrital zircon data from lower strata of these Silurian rocks provide insight into basin evolution and paleogeography. The shallow-marine Croagh Patrick succession unconformably overlies the Clew Bay Complex and the northern part of the Ordovician South Mayo Trough. Two samples have zircon populations dominated by Proterozoic grains typical of the Laurentian margin, with few younger grains. Up to 13% of the grains form a cluster at ca. 950–800 Ma, which is younger than known Grenville magmatism on the local Laurentian margin and older than known magmatism from Iapetan rifting; these may be recycled grains from Dalradian strata, derived from distal Tonian intrusions. The Killary Harbour–Joyce Country succession overlies the structural contact between the Lough Nafooey arc and the Connemara Dalradian block and records a transgressive-regressive cycle. Four samples of the Lough Mask Formation show contrasting age spectra. Two samples from east of the Maam Valley fault zone, one each from above Dalradian and Nafooey arc basement, are dominated by Proterozoic grains with ages typical of a Laurentian or Dalradian source, likely in north Mayo. One sample also includes 8% Silurian grains. Two samples from west of the fault overlie Dalradian basement and are dominated by Ordovician grains. Circa 450 Ma ages are younger than any preserved Ordovician rocks in the region and are inferred to represent poorly preserved arc fragments that are exposed in northeastern North America. Cambrian to late Neoproterozoic grains in association with young Ordovician ages suggest derivation from a peri-Gondwanan source in the late stages of Iapetus closure. The Louisburgh–Clare Island succession comprises terrestrial red beds. It unconformably overlies the Clew Bay Complex on Clare Island and is faulted against the Croagh Patrick succession on the mainland. The Strake Banded Formation yielded an age spectrum dominated by Proterozoic Laurentian as well as Ordovician–Silurian ages. Although the basin formed during strike-slip deformation along the Laurentian margin in Ireland and Scotland, sediment provenance is consistent with local Dalradian sources and contemporaneous volcanism. Our results support ideas that Ganderian continental fragments became part of Laurentia prior to the full closure of the Iapetus Ocean.