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GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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Central Africa
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Angola (1)
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East Africa
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Kenya (1)
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Madagascar (1)
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North Africa
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Morocco (2)
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Southern Africa
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Lesotho (1)
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Antarctica
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Antarctic Peninsula (2)
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Asia
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Arabian Peninsula
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Central Asia
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Aral region (1)
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Kazakhstan (1)
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Far East
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China
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Inner Mongolia China (2)
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Japan
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Honshu (1)
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Sendai Japan (1)
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Mongolia (1)
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Philippine Islands (1)
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Gobi Desert (2)
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Indian Peninsula
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India
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Middle East
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Israel (1)
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Syria
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Palmyrides (1)
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Turkey (1)
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Atlantic Ocean
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Australasia
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Australia
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Canada
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New Brunswick (1)
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Western Canada
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Alberta
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British Columbia
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Manitoba (2)
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Europe
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Germany
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Southern Europe
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Scandinavia
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Sweden
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United Kingdom
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Great Rift Valley (1)
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Mediterranean region (3)
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Mexico
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Baja California Mexico (1)
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North America
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Great Plains (1)
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Western Interior
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Western Interior Seaway (7)
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Pacific Coast (1)
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Richmond Basin (1)
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Seymour Island (1)
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South America
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Argentina
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United States
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California
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Fresno County California (1)
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Maryland
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Massachusetts
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Missouri River valley (2)
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Montana
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Carter County Montana (1)
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Glacier County Montana (1)
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Teton County Montana (1)
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Nebraska
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Cherry County Nebraska (1)
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New Jersey
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Gloucester County New Jersey (1)
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Monmouth County New Jersey (1)
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New Mexico
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Rio Arriba County New Mexico (1)
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San Juan County New Mexico (1)
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Ohio (1)
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Oklahoma (1)
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Oregon (1)
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Sabine Uplift (1)
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South Carolina
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Berkeley County South Carolina (1)
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South Dakota
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Brule County South Dakota (2)
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Buffalo County South Dakota (4)
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Charles Mix County South Dakota (1)
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Gregory County South Dakota (1)
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Hughes County South Dakota (2)
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Hyde County South Dakota (2)
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Lyman County South Dakota (1)
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Mellette County South Dakota (1)
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Moody County South Dakota (1)
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Texas
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Balcones fault zone (1)
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Bell County Texas (1)
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Brewster County Texas
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Big Bend National Park (1)
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Dallas County Texas
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Dallas Texas (1)
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Denton County Texas (1)
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East Texas Basin (1)
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McLennan County Texas (1)
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Newton County Texas (1)
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San Marcos Arch (1)
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Tarrant County Texas (1)
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Travis County Texas (1)
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Utah
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Garfield County Utah (2)
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Virginia
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Chesterfield County Virginia (1)
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Wyoming
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Carbon County Wyoming (1)
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Lincoln County Wyoming (2)
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Natrona County Wyoming (1)
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Park County Wyoming (1)
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Sweetwater County Wyoming (2)
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elements, isotopes
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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isotope ratios (3)
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isotopes
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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O-18/O-16 (3)
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metals
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alkaline earth metals
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strontium (1)
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rare earths (3)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (3)
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-
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fossils
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borings (1)
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burrows (2)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Pisces
-
Chondrichthyes
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Elasmobranchii
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Selachii (2)
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-
-
Osteichthyes
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Actinopterygii
-
Teleostei (1)
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-
-
-
Tetrapoda
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Amniota (1)
-
Amphibia
-
Labyrinthodontia (1)
-
Lepospondyli (1)
-
Lissamphibia
-
Anura (4)
-
Caudata
-
Urodela (1)
-
-
-
-
Aves
-
Neornithes (1)
-
-
Mammalia
-
Theria
-
Eutheria
-
Artiodactyla
-
Hippopotamidae
-
Hippopotamus (1)
-
-
Ruminantia
-
Bovidae
-
Bos (1)
-
-
Tylopoda
-
Camelidae (3)
-
-
-
-
Carnivora
-
Fissipeda
-
Canidae (3)
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Felidae
-
Panthera (1)
-
-
-
-
Cetacea
-
Odontoceti (1)
-
-
Insectivora (2)
-
Perissodactyla
-
Hippomorpha
-
Equidae
-
Equus (4)
-
-
-
-
Proboscidea
-
Elephantoidea
-
Elephantidae
-
Elephas (1)
-
Mammuthus (3)
-
-
-
-
Rodentia
-
Myomorpha
-
Cricetidae (3)
-
-
-
Ungulata (1)
-
-
Metatheria
-
Marsupialia (1)
-
-
-
-
Reptilia
-
Anapsida
-
Cotylosauria (1)
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Testudines
-
Chelonia (5)
-
-
-
Diapsida
-
Archosauria
-
Crocodilia
-
Eusuchia
-
Crocodylidae (1)
-
-
-
dinosaurs
-
Ornithischia
-
Ceratopsia
-
Ceratopsidae
-
Triceratops (1)
-
-
-
Ornithopoda
-
Hadrosauridae (1)
-
-
-
Saurischia
-
Sauropodomorpha
-
Sauropoda
-
Camarasaurus (1)
-
-
-
Theropoda (2)
-
-
-
-
Eosuchia (2)
-
Ichthyosauria (2)
-
Lepidosauria
-
Rhynchocephalia
-
Sphenodontidae (5)
-
-
Squamata
-
Lacertilia
-
Mosasauridae (58)
-
-
Serpentes
-
Colubridae (3)
-
-
-
-
Rhynchosauria (3)
-
Sauropterygia
-
Plesiosauria
-
Elasmosauridae (2)
-
-
-
-
Synapsida
-
Pelycosauria (1)
-
Therapsida
-
Cynodontia (2)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
ichnofossils (9)
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Trilobitomorpha
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Trilobita (1)
-
-
-
Echinodermata
-
Asterozoa
-
Stelleroidea
-
Ophiuroidea (1)
-
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia
-
Pterioida
-
Pteriina
-
Inocerami
-
Inoceramidae (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Cephalopoda
-
Ammonoidea (3)
-
Nautiloidea
-
Nautilus (1)
-
-
-
Gastropoda (1)
-
-
-
microfossils (2)
-
palynomorphs
-
Dinoflagellata (1)
-
miospores
-
pollen (1)
-
-
-
Plantae
-
Spermatophyta
-
Angiospermae (1)
-
Gymnospermae
-
Coniferales (1)
-
-
-
-
tracks (5)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene
-
Roman period (1)
-
-
-
Pleistocene
-
lower Pleistocene (1)
-
-
upper Quaternary
-
Brunhes Chron (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
Arikareean (1)
-
John Day Formation (1)
-
lower Tertiary (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Barstovian (2)
-
Clarendonian (1)
-
Fleming Formation (1)
-
lower Miocene (2)
-
middle Miocene (2)
-
upper Miocene (1)
-
Valentine Formation (1)
-
-
Pliocene
-
lower Pliocene (1)
-
upper Pliocene
-
Rexroad Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Claron Formation (1)
-
Eocene
-
Bridger Formation (1)
-
Green River Formation (2)
-
lower Eocene
-
Wasatchian (2)
-
Willwood Formation (1)
-
Ypresian (1)
-
-
middle Eocene (3)
-
Mission Valley Formation (1)
-
Subathu Formation (1)
-
Uintan (1)
-
upper Eocene
-
Chadronian (1)
-
-
-
Oligocene
-
lower Oligocene (2)
-
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
Torrejonian (2)
-
-
middle Paleocene (2)
-
Nacimiento Formation (1)
-
upper Paleocene
-
Thanetian (1)
-
-
-
Wasatch Formation (1)
-
Williamsburg Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (1)
-
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Bearpaw Formation (3)
-
Blufftown Formation (1)
-
Campanian
-
Dinosaur Park Formation (1)
-
lower Campanian (4)
-
upper Campanian (1)
-
-
Carlile Shale (1)
-
Cenomanian
-
lower Cenomanian (1)
-
-
Coniacian (1)
-
Djadokhta Formation (2)
-
Eutaw Formation (1)
-
Fruitland Formation (1)
-
Gulfian
-
Aguja Formation (1)
-
Austin Group (1)
-
Eagle Ford Formation (2)
-
Woodbine Formation (1)
-
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
Lance Formation (1)
-
Lewis Shale (1)
-
Maestrichtian
-
lower Maestrichtian (1)
-
upper Maestrichtian (2)
-
-
Mooreville Chalk (1)
-
Moreno Formation (2)
-
Niobrara Formation (4)
-
Pierre Shale (10)
-
Saint Mary River Formation (1)
-
Santonian (6)
-
Senonian (28)
-
Smoky Hill Chalk Member (2)
-
Straight Cliffs Formation (1)
-
Turonian (5)
-
Two Medicine Formation (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Clarens Formation (1)
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Hettangian (1)
-
lower Liassic (1)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Callovian (1)
-
-
Solnhofen Limestone (1)
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Morrison Formation (1)
-
Portlandian (1)
-
-
-
Newark Supergroup (1)
-
Triassic
-
Lower Triassic (3)
-
Middle Triassic (1)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian (1)
-
Molteno Formation (1)
-
Norian (1)
-
Rhaetian
-
Penarth Group (1)
-
-
Stormberg Series (2)
-
-
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Middle Cambrian (1)
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Pennsylvanian (1)
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Westphalian (1)
-
-
-
Devonian
-
Old Red Sandstone (1)
-
-
Permian
-
Upper Permian (1)
-
-
upper Paleozoic (1)
-
-
-
minerals
-
carbonates (2)
-
organic minerals
-
amber (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Angola (1)
-
-
East Africa
-
Kenya (1)
-
-
Madagascar (1)
-
North Africa
-
Morocco (2)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Karoo Basin (1)
-
Lesotho (1)
-
South Africa (5)
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic Peninsula (2)
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Saudi Arabia (1)
-
-
Central Asia
-
Aral region (1)
-
Kazakhstan (1)
-
-
Far East
-
China
-
Inner Mongolia China (2)
-
-
Japan
-
Honshu (1)
-
Sendai Japan (1)
-
-
Mongolia (1)
-
Philippine Islands (1)
-
-
Gobi Desert (2)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Gujarat India
-
Kutch India (1)
-
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Israel (1)
-
Syria
-
Palmyrides (1)
-
-
Turkey (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
Equatorial Atlantic (1)
-
South Atlantic (1)
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Queensland Australia (1)
-
Western Australia (1)
-
-
-
biogeography (21)
-
biography (1)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick (1)
-
Nova Scotia (1)
-
-
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta
-
Dinosaur Provincial Park (1)
-
-
British Columbia
-
Vancouver Island (1)
-
-
Manitoba (2)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene
-
Roman period (1)
-
-
-
Pleistocene
-
lower Pleistocene (1)
-
-
upper Quaternary
-
Brunhes Chron (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
Arikareean (1)
-
John Day Formation (1)
-
lower Tertiary (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Barstovian (2)
-
Clarendonian (1)
-
Fleming Formation (1)
-
lower Miocene (2)
-
middle Miocene (2)
-
upper Miocene (1)
-
Valentine Formation (1)
-
-
Pliocene
-
lower Pliocene (1)
-
upper Pliocene
-
Rexroad Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Claron Formation (1)
-
Eocene
-
Bridger Formation (1)
-
Green River Formation (2)
-
lower Eocene
-
Wasatchian (2)
-
Willwood Formation (1)
-
Ypresian (1)
-
-
middle Eocene (3)
-
Mission Valley Formation (1)
-
Subathu Formation (1)
-
Uintan (1)
-
upper Eocene
-
Chadronian (1)
-
-
-
Oligocene
-
lower Oligocene (2)
-
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
Torrejonian (2)
-
-
middle Paleocene (2)
-
Nacimiento Formation (1)
-
upper Paleocene
-
Thanetian (1)
-
-
-
Wasatch Formation (1)
-
Williamsburg Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Pisces
-
Chondrichthyes
-
Elasmobranchii
-
Selachii (2)
-
-
-
Osteichthyes
-
Actinopterygii
-
Teleostei (1)
-
-
-
-
Tetrapoda
-
Amniota (1)
-
Amphibia
-
Labyrinthodontia (1)
-
Lepospondyli (1)
-
Lissamphibia
-
Anura (4)
-
Caudata
-
Urodela (1)
-
-
-
-
Aves
-
Neornithes (1)
-
-
Mammalia
-
Theria
-
Eutheria
-
Artiodactyla
-
Hippopotamidae
-
Hippopotamus (1)
-
-
Ruminantia
-
Bovidae
-
Bos (1)
-
-
Tylopoda
-
Camelidae (3)
-
-
-
-
Carnivora
-
Fissipeda
-
Canidae (3)
-
Felidae
-
Panthera (1)
-
-
-
-
Cetacea
-
Odontoceti (1)
-
-
Insectivora (2)
-
Perissodactyla
-
Hippomorpha
-
Equidae
-
Equus (4)
-
-
-
-
Proboscidea
-
Elephantoidea
-
Elephantidae
-
Elephas (1)
-
Mammuthus (3)
-
-
-
-
Rodentia
-
Myomorpha
-
Cricetidae (3)
-
-
-
Ungulata (1)
-
-
Metatheria
-
Marsupialia (1)
-
-
-
-
Reptilia
-
Anapsida
-
Cotylosauria (1)
-
Testudines
-
Chelonia (5)
-
-
-
Diapsida
-
Archosauria
-
Crocodilia
-
Eusuchia
-
Crocodylidae (1)
-
-
-
dinosaurs
-
Ornithischia
-
Ceratopsia
-
Ceratopsidae
-
Triceratops (1)
-
-
-
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
Lepidosauria
The Maastrichtian type area (Netherlands–Belgium): a synthesis of 250+ years of collecting and ongoing progress in Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy and palaeontology Available to Purchase
Abstract Cretaceous limestones near Maastricht (SE Netherlands) have been quarried at least since Roman times. In the late eighteenth century, scientific interest developed in their macrofossil content and specimens were illustrated for the first time. Amongst the early discoveries was a partial skull of a large predatory vertebrate that would play an important role in the emergence of modern palaeontology and our understanding of the concept of extinction. After decades of scientific debate, this animal was recognized as a large extinct marine relative of monitor lizards (varanoids) and named Mosasaurus. A detailed lithostratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous (Santonian–Maastrichtian) rocks was established in the Maastrichtian type area during the mid-1970s, which resulted in a renewed interest in fossil hunting by professional and amateur palaeontologists alike. During recent decades, both micro- and macrofossils have enabled a refinement of biozonations, correlations within the basin and with sections elsewhere, a greater insight into taphonomic processes and updated taxonomic interpretations. A new age model and chemostratigraphical framework is the most recent addition, permitting the placement of geoheritage in a larger frame and intensifying outreach to the public, including also virtual and augmented reality and hands-on experience to visitors of museum and (disused) quarries alike.
The impact of apicobasal ridges on dental load-bearing capacity in aquatic-feeding predatory amniotes Open Access
Convergence and constraint in the cranial evolution of mosasaurid reptiles and early cetaceans Open Access
Latest Maastrichtian middle- and high-latitude mosasaurs and fish isotopic composition: carbon source, thermoregulation strategy, and thermal latitudinal gradient Open Access
A biased fossil record can preserve reliable phylogenetic signal Open Access
“But why paint a dinosaur blue?”: Envisioning the Cretaceous—A vitalizing, multidisciplinary project in a university museum Available to Purchase
ABSTRACT In 2017–2018, two fine arts undergraduate students, Todd Rowan and Moesha Wright, conceived and created a mural for the Dunn-Seiler Museum at Mississippi State University, Mississippi, USA, under the supervision of art professor emeritus Brent Funderburk. Students researched, conceptualized, and painted Mississippi Cretaceous Panorama , which interpreted the Late Cretaceous landscape that once surrounded the university and the momentous extinction event that brought the Mesozoic Era to its close. The project necessitated creativity to address several challenges, including funding, space constraints, and a local population with Young Earth views. The completed mural engages museum visitors with a mosasaur, ceratopsian dinosaur, and a meteorite impact—illustrating the local, terminal Mesozoic geologic history in a nonthreatening venue that can improve community geoliteracy.