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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Arctic Ocean
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Norwegian Sea (1)
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Atlantic Ocean
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North Atlantic
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Blake-Bahama Outer Ridge (1)
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Northeast Atlantic
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Iberian abyssal plain (1)
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Rockall Plateau (1)
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South Atlantic
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Walvis Ridge (1)
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Broken Ridge (1)
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Caspian Sea (1)
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Hudson Canyon (1)
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Indian Ocean (2)
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Kerguelen Plateau (1)
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Mediterranean Sea
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East Mediterranean (1)
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Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific
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Northeast Pacific
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Middle America Trench (1)
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Southeast Pacific (6)
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Equatorial Pacific (2)
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North Pacific
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Northeast Pacific
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Middle America Trench (1)
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Northwest Pacific
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Okhotsk Sea (1)
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Shatsky Rise (1)
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South Pacific
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Southeast Pacific (6)
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West Pacific
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Northwest Pacific
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Okhotsk Sea (1)
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Shatsky Rise (1)
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South America
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Peru (5)
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Southern Ocean
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Weddell Sea
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Maud Rise (1)
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United States
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California
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Santa Barbara County California (1)
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commodities
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brines (1)
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petroleum (2)
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elements, isotopes
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carbon
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organic carbon (1)
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halogens
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chlorine
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chloride ion (1)
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fossils
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Invertebrata
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Protista
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Foraminifera
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Rotaliina
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Buliminacea (1)
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Radiolaria (1)
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microfossils (3)
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary (1)
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene
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middle Miocene (1)
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upper Neogene (1)
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Paleogene
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Eocene
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lower Eocene (1)
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Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (1)
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minerals
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carbonates
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dolomite (1)
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hydrates (1)
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phosphates (1)
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Primary terms
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Arctic Ocean
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Norwegian Sea (1)
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Atlantic Ocean
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North Atlantic
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Blake-Bahama Outer Ridge (1)
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Northeast Atlantic
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Iberian abyssal plain (1)
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Rockall Plateau (1)
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South Atlantic
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Walvis Ridge (1)
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brines (1)
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carbon
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organic carbon (1)
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Caspian Sea (1)
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary (1)
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene
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middle Miocene (1)
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upper Neogene (1)
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Paleogene
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Eocene
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lower Eocene (1)
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Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (1)
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continental shelf (1)
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continental slope (1)
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Deep Sea Drilling Project
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IPOD
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Leg 48
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DSDP Site 400 (1)
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Leg 74
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DSDP Site 525 (1)
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Leg 81
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DSDP Site 553 (1)
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Leg 84
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DSDP Site 570 (1)
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Leg 93
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DSDP Site 605 (1)
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Leg 24
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DSDP Site 237 (1)
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Leg 36
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DSDP Site 328 (1)
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Leg 40
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DSDP Site 362 (1)
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diagenesis (2)
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economic geology (1)
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faults (2)
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geochemistry (1)
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geophysical methods (3)
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heat flow (1)
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Indian Ocean (2)
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Invertebrata
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Protista
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Foraminifera
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Rotaliina
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Buliminacea (1)
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Radiolaria (1)
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Mediterranean Sea
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East Mediterranean (1)
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mud volcanoes (1)
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Ocean Drilling Program
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Leg 112
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ODP Site 682 (1)
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ODP Site 683 (1)
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ODP Site 685 (2)
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ODP Site 688 (3)
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Leg 113
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ODP Site 690 (1)
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Leg 114
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ODP Site 702 (1)
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Leg 117
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ODP Site 721 (1)
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ODP Site 722 (1)
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Leg 120
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ODP Site 748 (1)
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Leg 121
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ODP Site 752 (1)
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Leg 146
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ODP Site 889 (1)
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Leg 149
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ODP Site 897 (1)
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Leg 160 (1)
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Leg 164
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ODP Site 994 (1)
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ODP Site 995 (1)
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ODP Site 997 (1)
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Leg 170
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ODP Site 1041 (1)
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Leg 198
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ODP Site 1209 (1)
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Leg 199
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ODP Site 1220 (1)
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ocean floors (1)
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oceanography (2)
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Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific
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Northeast Pacific
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Middle America Trench (1)
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Southeast Pacific (6)
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Equatorial Pacific (2)
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North Pacific
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Northeast Pacific
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Middle America Trench (1)
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Northwest Pacific
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Okhotsk Sea (1)
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Shatsky Rise (1)
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South Pacific
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Southeast Pacific (6)
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West Pacific
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Northwest Pacific
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Okhotsk Sea (1)
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Shatsky Rise (1)
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paleoecology (2)
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paleontology (1)
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petroleum (2)
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plate tectonics (1)
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sedimentary rocks
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clastic rocks
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conglomerate (1)
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marl (1)
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sedimentary structures
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planar bedding structures
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bedding (1)
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secondary structures
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concretions (1)
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sedimentation (2)
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sediments
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marine sediments (3)
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South America
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Peru (5)
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Southern Ocean
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Weddell Sea
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Maud Rise (1)
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structural geology (1)
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tectonics (1)
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tectonophysics (1)
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United States
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California
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Santa Barbara County California (1)
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rock formations
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Monterey Formation (1)
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sedimentary rocks
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sedimentary rocks
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clastic rocks
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conglomerate (1)
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marl (1)
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sedimentary structures
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sedimentary structures
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planar bedding structures
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bedding (1)
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secondary structures
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concretions (1)
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sediments
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sediments
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marine sediments (3)
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Leg 112
Varying free-gas zone (FGZ) and bottom-simulating reflection (BSR) response across a deep graben off Trujillo, central Peru
Glomospira Acme During the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum: Response to CaCO 3 Dissolution or to Ecological Forces?
GLOBAL ESTIMATION OF GAS CONTENT IN SUBMARINE GAS HYDRATE ACCUMULATIONS
ABSTRACT The Monterey Formation in the Naples Beach section contains an exceptionally well developed array of phosphatic rocks, particularly in the carbonaceous marl member. Similar deposits occur in Neogene sediments along the continental margin (shelf-upper slope) of Peru. Phosphogenesis (= precipitation of authigenic carbonate fluorapatite or CFA) in both areas occurred in organic-rich host sediments deposited beneath zones of strong coastal upwelling. Both areas contain distinctive F-phosphates and D-phosphates. F-phosphates are friable and typically have a light color; they represent in situ precipitation of CFA in organic-rich sediments during early diagenesis just beneath the sea floor. D-phosphates are dense, well lithified nodules, conglomerates and hardgrounds of CFA which commonly have a dark color or dark external coatings. D-phosphates record cycles of phosphogenesis near the sea floor, exhumation by bottom currents, reworking, reburial and renewed phosphogenesis; evidence from the Naples Beach section indicates F-phosphates converted to D-phosphates during these cycles by repeated episodes of phosphogenesis. Some D-phosphate layers probably indicate extended periods of low net sediment accumulation, others are clearly products of transportation and redeposition. Associated with the phosphatic rocks in both the Naples Beach section and offshore Peru are thin (5-40 cm) layers and concretionary horizons of authigenic dolomites. These also probably formed during intervals of sharply reduced sedimentation and likewise represent a form of condensation. Phosphate-dolomite bedding patterns are different in the Naples Beach and Peruvian sections. At Naples Beach, dolomitic intervals tend to lie above phosphatic horizons, whereas the reverse occurs along the Peru margin where graded D-phosphate gravels commonly lie above eroded or burrowed dolomitic layers. In the Naples Beach pattern, the D-phosphate conglomerates represent winnowed and reworked horizons, and the phosphate-dolomite pairs record progressive condensation during relative sea level rises. In the Peru margin pattern (typical also of other Neogene shelfal regions), condensed dolomitic intervals formed during relative sea level rises commonly became exposed as hardgrounds or firmgrounds which are overlain by transported and redeposited D-phosphate conglomerates deposited during the succeeding relative sea level fall. A further speculative interpretation of the carbonaceous marl member at Naples Beach is that the D-phosphate layers represent middle Miocene glacial to interglacial transitions characterized by substantial winnowing and reworking, whereas F-phosphates formed during low energy highstand conditions of interglacial periods.