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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Tunisia (1)
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Asia
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elements, isotopes
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geochronology methods
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Cenozoic
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Primary terms
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Africa
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Asia
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Popigay Structure (1)
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asteroids (1)
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Atlantic Ocean
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North Atlantic
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Blake Plateau
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Blake Nose (1)
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Gulf of Mexico (1)
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Northeast Atlantic
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Northwest Atlantic
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South Atlantic
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carbon
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crust (1)
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Deep Sea Drilling Project
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IPOD
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Leg 62
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DSDP Site 465 (1)
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Leg 71
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Leg 72
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DSDP Site 516 (2)
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DSDP Site 517 (1)
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Leg 73
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DSDP Site 519 (4)
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DSDP Site 520 (1)
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DSDP Site 521 (1)
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DSDP Site 522 (9)
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DSDP Site 523 (2)
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DSDP Site 524 (6)
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Leg 74
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DSDP Site 525 (1)
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DSDP Site 526 (1)
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Leg 75 (1)
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Leg 78A
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DSDP Site 543 (1)
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Leg 80
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DSDP Site 548 (1)
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DSDP Site 549 (1)
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Leg 82
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DSDP Site 556 (1)
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DSDP Site 558 (2)
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DSDP Site 563 (1)
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Leg 90
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DSDP Site 588 (1)
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DSDP Site 592 (1)
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Leg 94
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DSDP Site 607 (1)
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Leg 10
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DSDP Site 94 (1)
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DSDP Site 95 (1)
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Leg 12
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DSDP Site 111 (1)
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DSDP Site 119 (1)
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Leg 14
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DSDP Site 144 (2)
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Leg 2
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DSDP Site 10 (1)
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Leg 3
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DSDP Site 14 (1)
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DSDP Site 19 (1)
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DSDP Site 20 (1)
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DSDP Site 22 (1)
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Leg 33
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DSDP Site 317 (1)
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Leg 34
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DSDP Site 320 (1)
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Leg 36
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DSDP Site 327 (1)
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DSDP Site 328 (1)
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DSDP Site 329 (1)
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Leg 37
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DSDP Site 335 (1)
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Leg 39
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DSDP Site 354 (1)
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Leg 40
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DSDP Site 360 (1)
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Europe
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Integrated Ocean Drilling Program
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Expedition 342
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Invertebrata
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Ocean Drilling Program
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Leg 105
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Leg 110
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ODP Site 672 (1)
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Leg 125
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Leg 199
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Leg 73
The carbonate compensation depth in the South Atlantic Ocean since the Late Cretaceous
Precision in Biostratigraphy: Evidence For a Temporary Flow Reversal in the Central American Seaway During Or After the Oligocene-miocene Transition
In order to better define the late Eocene clinopyroxene-bearing (cpx) spherule layer and to determine how the ejecta vary with distance from the presumed source crater (Popigai), we searched for the layer at 23 additional sites. We identified the layer at six (maybe seven) of these sites: Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) and Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Holes 592, 699A, 703A, 709C, 786A, 1090B, and probably 738B. The cpx spherule layer occurs in magnetochron 16n.1n, which indicates an age of ca. 35.4 ± 0.1 Ma for the layer. We found the highest abundance of cpx spherules and associated microtektites in Hole 709C in the northwest Indian Ocean, and we found coesite and shocked quartz in the cpx spherule layer at this site. We also found coesite in the cpx spherule layer at Site 216 in the northeast Indian Ocean. This is the first time that coesite has been found in the cpx spherule layer, and it provides additional support for the impact origin of this layer. In addition, the discovery of coesite and shocked quartz grains (with planar deformation features [PDFs]) supports the conclusion that the pancake-shaped clay spherules associated with quartz grains exhibiting PDFs are diagenetically altered cpx spherules. An Ir anomaly was found associated with the cpx spherule layer at all four of the new sites (699A, 709C, 738B, 1090B) for which we obtained Ir data. The geometric mean of the Ir fluence for the 12 sites with Ir data is 5.7 ng/cm 2 , which is ~10% of the fluence estimated for the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Based on the geographic distribution of the 23 sites now known to contain the cpx spherule layer, and 12 sites where we have good chronostratigraphy but the cpx spherule layer is apparently absent, we propose that the cpx spherule strewn field may have a ray-like distribution pattern. Within one of the rays, the abundance of spherules decreases and the percent microtektites increases with distance from Popigai. Shocked quartz and coesite have been found only in this ray at the two sites that are closest to Popigai. At several sites in the Southern Ocean, an increase in δ 18 O in the bulk carbonate occurs immediately above the cpx spherule layer. This increase may indicate a drop in temperature coincident with the impact that produced the cpx spherule layer.
Oligocene bathyal to abyssal benthic foraminifera of the Atlantic Ocean
Calibration between eustatic estimates from backstripping and oxygen isotopic records for the Oligocene
Astronomical calibration age for the Oligocene-Miocene boundary
Preservation of pristine titanomagnetite in older ocean-floor basalts and its significance for paleointensity studies
Stable isotope paleoecology of middle Eocene planktonic foraminifera and multi-species isotope stratigraphy, DSDP Site 523, South Atlantic
Variations in the strontium isotopic composition of seawater during the Neogene
Magnetic fabric of some IPOD sediment cores from the southwestern sector of Africa
In many parts of the world a thin clay or marly unit marks the boundary between Cretaceous and Tertiary rocks. In marine sequences this boundary is defined by the first appearance of typically Paleocene marine plankton in the clay. In continental rocks, the boundary sediment yields the stratigraphically highest occurrence of a Cretaceous assemblage of fossil pollen. Detailed analyses of the marine boundary sediment at Caravaca, Spain, permit a three-fold subdivision: the lowest is apparently a fallout deposit of impact ejecta, preserved as a 0.5-cm lamina of red clay. The main subdivision is a black or dark gray clay or marl, containing reworked extraterrestrial debris, laid down in an oxygen-deficient environment. The uppermost boundary clay is lighter gray in color, transitional in lithology to the overlying Paleocene sediments, which were deposited after the recovery from the terminal Cretaceous convulsive event. The boundary clay unit on land, represented by a section in Raton Basin, New Mexico, consists of a lower white clay, which is apparently a fallout deposit, and an upper carbonaceous shale. Boundary sections elsewhere are similar to those sections. The sedimentology of the boundary sediment records the convulsive environmental changes at/after a terminal Cretaceous event.
Numerical ages of Cenozoic biostratigraphic datum levels: Results of South Atlantic Leg 73 drilling: Discussion and reply: Discussion
Apertural features and surface texture of upper Paleogene biserial planktonic foraminifers; links between Chiloguembelina and Streptochilus
Numerical ages of Cenozoic biostratigraphic datum levels: Results of South Atlantic Leg 73 drilling
Late Eocene–Oligocene magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphy at South Atlantic DSDP Site 522
Significant changes of the chemistry, temperatures, and plankton fertility in the oceans took place in the first fifty thousand years of the Tertiary. Those changes are recorded by the bulk chemical, the oxygen-isotope, and the carbon-isotope compositions of the oldest Tertiary sediments. Detailed analyses of a Cretaceous/Tertiary section from a South Atlantic drillsite indicated that the extinction of the Cretaceous nannoplankton species took place during the times of the environmental changes. Taking into consideration the various evidences for a terminal Cretaceous large-body impact, we proposed that the impact event was the cause of the changes in ocean environments, which in turn led to the rapid extinction of marine plankton species.
The biostratigraphy of Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary sections from eight localities is summarized and compared in order to define a continuous or complete section. The El Kef, Tunisia, section is apparently the thickest C/T boundary section as yet discribed and contains all the biostratigraphical criteria required to define a complete section; that is, the uppermost Cretaceous Micula prinsii Zone, the “boundary clay” within the lowermost Tertiary Globigerina fringa Zine, followed by the Globigerina eugubina and pseudobulloides Zones. Using these zonations, a correlation of the stable-isotope stratigraphy from the various sections was made. The latest Cretaceous oceans and the earliest Tertiary oceans contained significantly different isotopic signals, which were incorporated into the tests of the calcareous nannofossils. The carbon-isotope signals are apparently global, synchronous, and primarily determined by changes in oceanic fertility, whereas the oxygen-isotope signals are globally induced but modified regionally according to paleogeographic positon and paleocirculation patterns. Further, this combination of biostratigraphy and isotope stratigraphy indicates that Cretaceous nannofossils in the lowest Tertiary sediments, previously thought to be reworked, actually survived the C/T boundary events and continued to reproduce in the earliest Tertiary oceans. These relic species became extinct some tens of thousands of years after the actual C/T boundary, probably as a consequence of the environmental stress following the C/T boundary events rather than as a result of a “catastrophic” extinction coinciding with the C/T boundary.