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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Ontario
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Algoma District Ontario
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Quirke Lake (1)
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Sault Sainte Marie Ontario (1)
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Bruce Peninsula (1)
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Flack Lake (1)
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Manitoulin District Ontario
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Manitoulin Island (8)
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Parry Sound District Ontario
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Parry Sound Ontario (1)
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Western Canada
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Alberta
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Jasper National Park (1)
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Georgian Bay (5)
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Lake Nipissing (3)
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Lake Saint Clair (1)
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North America
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Canadian Shield
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Grenville Province
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Central Gneiss Belt (1)
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Southern Province (1)
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Great Lakes
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Lake Erie (3)
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Lake Huron (47)
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Lake Michigan (2)
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Lake Ontario (3)
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Lake Superior (1)
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Great Lakes region (13)
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Grenville Front (2)
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United States
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Michigan
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Michigan Lower Peninsula
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Arenac County Michigan (2)
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Bay County Michigan (2)
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Huron County Michigan (1)
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Saginaw County Michigan (2)
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Tuscola County Michigan (1)
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Michigan Upper Peninsula
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Chippewa County Michigan (1)
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Mackinac County Michigan (1)
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Midcontinent (1)
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New York
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Onondaga County New York (1)
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elements, isotopes
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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C-14 (6)
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organic carbon (1)
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halogens
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bromine
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chlorine
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chloride ion (2)
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isotope ratios (5)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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C-14 (6)
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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O-18/O-16 (5)
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metals
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mercury (2)
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rare earths
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neodymium (1)
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nitrogen (3)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (5)
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phosphorus (1)
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fossils
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Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Mandibulata
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Crustacea
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Ostracoda (3)
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Insecta
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Pterygota
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Neoptera
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Endopterygota
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Coleoptera (1)
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Brachiopoda (1)
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Cnidaria
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Anthozoa
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Zoantharia
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Tabulata (1)
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Mollusca
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Porifera
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Stromatoporoidea (2)
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microfossils (5)
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miospores
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pollen (2)
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Plantae
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algae (2)
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thallophytes (1)
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geochronology methods
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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lower Holocene (5)
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Lake Algonquin (5)
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upper Quaternary (1)
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Laurentide ice sheet (1)
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Paleozoic
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Devonian
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Manlius Formation (1)
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Ordovician
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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igneous rocks
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metamorphic rocks
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metasedimentary rocks (1)
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sheet silicates
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sulfides
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Primary terms
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absolute age (9)
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biogeography (1)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Ontario
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Algoma District Ontario
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Quirke Lake (1)
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Sault Sainte Marie Ontario (1)
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Bruce Peninsula (1)
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Flack Lake (1)
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Manitoulin District Ontario
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Manitoulin Island (8)
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Parry Sound District Ontario
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Parry Sound Ontario (1)
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-
Western Canada
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Alberta
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Jasper National Park (1)
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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C-14 (6)
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organic carbon (1)
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Holocene
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lower Holocene (5)
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Pleistocene
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upper Pleistocene
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upper Quaternary (1)
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climate change (1)
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crust (3)
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hydrology (3)
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igneous rocks
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granophyre (1)
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quartz monzonite (1)
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volcanic rocks
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intrusions (2)
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Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Mandibulata
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Crustacea
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Ostracoda (3)
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Insecta
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Pterygota
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Neoptera
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Endopterygota
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Coleoptera (1)
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Brachiopoda (1)
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Bryozoa (1)
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Cnidaria
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Anthozoa
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Zoantharia
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Tabulata (1)
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-
-
Mollusca
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Bivalvia (1)
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Cephalopoda
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Nautiloidea (1)
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Porifera
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Stromatoporoidea (2)
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isostasy (1)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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C-14 (6)
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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O-18/O-16 (5)
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lineation (1)
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metals
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mercury (2)
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rare earths
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neodymium (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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gneisses (1)
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metaigneous rocks
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metagranite (1)
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metasedimentary rocks (1)
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metamorphism (3)
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metasomatism (1)
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mineralogy (1)
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minerals (1)
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nitrogen (3)
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North America
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Canadian Shield
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Central Gneiss Belt (1)
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Southern Province (1)
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Great Lakes
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Lake Erie (3)
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Lake Huron (47)
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Lake Michigan (2)
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Lake Ontario (3)
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Lake Superior (1)
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Great Lakes region (13)
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Grenville Front (2)
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orogeny (2)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (5)
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paleoclimatology (4)
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paleoecology (5)
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paleogeography (2)
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paleomagnetism (5)
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paleontology (1)
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Paleozoic
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Devonian
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Lower Devonian
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Manlius Formation (1)
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Miette Complex (1)
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Ordovician
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Middle Ordovician (2)
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Upper Ordovician
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Ashgillian (2)
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Silurian
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Lower Silurian
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Llandovery (1)
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Middle Silurian (1)
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palynomorphs
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acritarchs (1)
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miospores
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pollen (2)
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petrology (3)
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phosphorus (1)
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Plantae
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plate tectonics (1)
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pollution (1)
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Precambrian
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Espanola Formation (3)
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Huronian (8)
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Lorrain Formation (1)
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Paleoproterozoic
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Aphebian (1)
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reefs (2)
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sea-level changes (1)
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sedimentary petrology (7)
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soft sediment deformation (1)
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sedimentation (11)
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sediments
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shorelines (1)
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springs (1)
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stratigraphy (12)
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tectonics (5)
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tectonophysics (2)
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thallophytes (1)
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United States
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Michigan
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Michigan Lower Peninsula
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Arenac County Michigan (2)
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Bay County Michigan (2)
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Huron County Michigan (1)
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Saginaw County Michigan (2)
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Tuscola County Michigan (1)
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Michigan Upper Peninsula
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Chippewa County Michigan (1)
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Mackinac County Michigan (1)
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Midcontinent (1)
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New York
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Onondaga County New York (1)
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weathering (1)
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sedimentary rocks
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chemically precipitated rocks
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clastic rocks
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conglomerate (1)
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red beds (1)
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siltstone (1)
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sedimentary structures
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sedimentary structures
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ripple marks (1)
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soils
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-
Lake Huron
Nd isotope mapping of the Allochthon Boundary Thrust on the shores of Georgian Bay, Ontario: significance for Grenvillian crustal structure and evolution
Analysis of modern and Pleistocene hydrologic exchange between Saginaw Bay (Lake Huron) and the Saginaw Lowlands area
Post-Younger Dryas seasonality in the North American midcontinent region as recorded in Lake Huron varved sediments
Ground-water, large-lake interactions in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron: A geochemical and isotopic approach
Seasonal sand transport through a trough blowout at Pinery Provincial Park, Ontario
Great Lakes paleohydrology: Complex interplay of glacial meltwater, lake levels, and sill depths
Stratigraphy and paleolimnologic record of lower Holocene sediments in northern Lake Huron and Georgian Bay
Seismic stratigraphy of Lake Huron – Georgian Bay and postglacial lake level history
Multiple alteration events in the history of a sub-Huronian regolith at Lauzon Bay, Ontario
Deformation within part of a major crustal shear zone, Parry Sound, Ontario: structure and kinematics
The various elevations at which the lakes in the Michigan and Huron basins stood during the Holocene Epoch were previously thought to be the result of isostatic uplift of the northern outlets and discontinuous erosion of the southern outlets. Lake-level fluctuations of smaller magnitude, however, were caused by climatic changes. Correlation of climatic variables and lake-level variations over the past 100 years indicate that high lake levels occurred during cold periods when arctic air frequently converged over the Great Lakes with warm moist air from the Gulf of Mexico, causing increased rainfall. At the same time, increased cloud cover decreased evaporation. In addition, lower temperatures caused more winter precipitation to be held in storage in the basin as snow and ice, later to be made available for run-off during the spring. Major periods of climatically induced high lake levels can be recognized where sediments along the beach were eroded during the high levels, and in areas behind the beach where streams aggraded, active marshes formed, and soils formed on eolian sands. Radiocarbon dates of organic material that accumulated in these areas during high-water periods, coupled with analysis of the historic record of lake-level fluctuations, indicate that water level has varied cyclically, with a short 100- to 150-year cycle superimposed on a longer 400- to 500-year one.