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NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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Central Africa
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Central African Republic (1)
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East Africa
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Mozambique (1)
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Zambia (1)
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Limpopo Belt (4)
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Madagascar (1)
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North Africa
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Egypt
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Eastern Desert (1)
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Morocco
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Bou Azzer (1)
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Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (17)
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Kaapvaal Craton (12)
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Namibia (1)
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South Africa
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Bushveld Complex (4)
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Limpopo South Africa (1)
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Mpumalanga South Africa
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Barberton Mountain Land (1)
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Barberton South Africa (2)
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Transvaal region (1)
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Witwatersrand (2)
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Swaziland (2)
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Zimbabwe
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Belingwe greenstone belt (5)
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Great Dyke (2)
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West Africa
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Ghana (1)
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Nigeria (1)
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Zimbabwe Craton (7)
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Arctic region
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Greenland
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West Greenland (1)
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Asia
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Arabian Peninsula
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Oman (1)
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Central Asia
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Kazakhstan (1)
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Far East
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China
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Hunan China (1)
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Indonesia
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Mongolia (1)
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Indian Peninsula
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India
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Jharkhand India
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Singhbhum India (2)
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Karnataka India
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Chitradurga schist belt (2)
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Mysore India (2)
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Kolar India (1)
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Rajasthan India
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Indian Shield (1)
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Kamchatka Russian Federation
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Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
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Middle East
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Stanovoy Range (1)
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Tuva Russian Federation (1)
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Atlantic Ocean
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North Atlantic
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Atlantic Ocean Islands
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Australasia
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Australia
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South Australia
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Gawler Craton (1)
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Western Australia
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Eastern Goldfields (5)
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Norseman-Wiluna Belt (4)
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Yilgarn Craton (21)
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Caledonides (1)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Labrador
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Ontario
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Cochrane District Ontario
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Larder Lake District Ontario (2)
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Sudbury District Ontario (1)
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Sudbury igneous complex (2)
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Sudbury Structure (1)
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Timiskaming District Ontario
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Kirkland Lake Ontario (1)
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Quebec
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Abitibi County Quebec
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Horne Mine (1)
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Temiscamingue County Quebec
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Nunavut
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Western Canada
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Manitoba
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Northwest Territories (4)
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Caribbean region (3)
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Central America
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Russian Federation
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Kamchatka Peninsula
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Tolbachik (1)
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Karelia Russian Federation (1)
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Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
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Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
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Norilsk region (4)
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Murmansk Russian Federation
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Kola Peninsula (3)
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Kola Russian Federation (1)
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Kovdor Massif (1)
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Monchegorsk Russian Federation (1)
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Siberian Platform
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Stanovoy Range (1)
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Urals (1)
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East Pacific Ocean Islands
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Europe
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Fennoscandian Shield (2)
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Lapland (2)
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Murmansk Russian Federation
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Kola Peninsula (3)
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Monchegorsk Russian Federation (1)
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Western Europe
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France (1)
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Scandinavia
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Finland
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Norway (1)
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Sweden
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Skellefte mining district (1)
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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Scotland
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Shetland Islands (1)
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Georgian Bay (1)
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Harrison Lake (1)
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Indian Ocean Islands
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Madagascar (1)
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North America
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Canadian Shield
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Churchill Province
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Cape Smith fold belt (4)
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Slave Province (2)
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Superior Province
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Abitibi Belt (23)
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Pontiac Subprovince (1)
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Wawa Belt (1)
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Grenville Front (1)
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Oceania
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Melanesia
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Vanuatu (1)
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Polynesia
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Hawaii (1)
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Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific
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Southeast Pacific (2)
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North Pacific
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Northwest Pacific
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Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
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Mariana Trough (1)
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South Pacific
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Southeast Pacific (2)
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West Pacific
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Northwest Pacific
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Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
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Mariana Trough (1)
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Pacific region (1)
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South America
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Andes
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Eastern Cordillera (1)
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Brazil
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Minas Gerais Brazil (2)
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Sao Francisco Craton (1)
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Colombia (4)
-
-
United States
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Hawaii (1)
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Minnesota
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Lake County Minnesota (2)
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Saint Louis County Minnesota
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Ely Minnesota (1)
-
-
Vermilion Range (1)
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Montana
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Stillwater County Montana (1)
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North Carolina (1)
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commodities
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aggregate (1)
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gems (1)
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metal ores
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aluminum ores (1)
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antimony ores (1)
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base metals (2)
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beryllium ores (1)
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chromite ores (6)
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cobalt ores (5)
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copper ores (46)
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gold ores (19)
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iridium ores (1)
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iron ores (6)
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lead ores (3)
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lithium ores (1)
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magnesium ores (2)
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manganese ores (1)
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molybdenum ores (2)
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nickel ores (89)
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osmium ores (1)
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palladium ores (1)
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platinum ores (37)
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polymetallic ores (5)
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pyrite ores (1)
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rare earth deposits (1)
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ruthenium ores (1)
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silver ores (3)
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tin ores (1)
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tungsten ores (1)
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uranium ores (2)
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zinc ores (9)
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mineral deposits, genesis (69)
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mineral exploration (31)
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placers (1)
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talc deposits (1)
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-
elements, isotopes
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carbon
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C-13 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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-
chemical elements (1)
-
chemical ratios (9)
-
halogens
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chlorine (1)
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-
hydrogen
-
D/H (1)
-
-
isotope ratios (21)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (3)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (4)
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Re-187/Os-188 (1)
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (3)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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D/H (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (2)
-
Mg-26/Mg-24 (1)
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (10)
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O-18/O-16 (5)
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Os-188/Os-187 (3)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (3)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (4)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
S-32 (1)
-
S-33/S-32 (4)
-
S-34/S-32 (5)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (3)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
W-182 (1)
-
-
-
Lu/Hf (2)
-
metals
-
actinides
-
thorium (1)
-
uranium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
beryllium (1)
-
magnesium
-
Mg-26/Mg-24 (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
-
-
aluminum (1)
-
antimony (2)
-
arsenic (1)
-
bismuth (1)
-
chromium (5)
-
cobalt (2)
-
gallium (3)
-
gold (2)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (2)
-
-
iron (1)
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (3)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (4)
-
-
nickel (5)
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platinum group
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iridium (2)
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iridium ores (1)
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osmium
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Os-188/Os-187 (3)
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Re-187/Os-188 (1)
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osmium ores (1)
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palladium (4)
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palladium ores (1)
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platinum (5)
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platinum ores (37)
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ruthenium (2)
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ruthenium ores (1)
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precious metals (1)
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rare earths
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lanthanum (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (10)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (3)
-
-
samarium
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (3)
-
-
scandium (1)
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ytterbium (1)
-
-
rhenium
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
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titanium (6)
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tungsten
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W-182 (1)
-
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vanadium (3)
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zinc (2)
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zirconium (1)
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-
nitrogen (1)
-
oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (5)
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-
selenium (1)
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sulfur
-
S-32 (1)
-
S-33/S-32 (4)
-
S-34/S-32 (5)
-
-
tellurium (1)
-
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geochronology methods
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Ar/Ar (3)
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Lu/Hf (2)
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paleomagnetism (2)
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Pb/Pb (3)
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Rb/Sr (3)
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Re/Os (5)
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Sm/Nd (3)
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U/Pb (6)
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U/Th/Pb (4)
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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Tertiary
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Paleogene
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Eocene (2)
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Paleocene (2)
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-
-
Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Upper Cretaceous
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Turonian (1)
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-
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Nicoya Complex (1)
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Triassic (2)
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Paleozoic
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Cambrian (1)
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Ordovician (1)
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Permian
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Upper Permian (1)
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upper Paleozoic (1)
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Phanerozoic (4)
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Precambrian
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Archean
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Aravalli System (1)
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Blake River Group (1)
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Bulawayan Group (3)
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Fig Tree Group (2)
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Iron Ore Group (1)
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Mesoarchean (4)
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Neoarchean
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Dharwar Supergroup (1)
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Sargur Group (2)
-
-
Paleoarchean
-
Hooggenoeg Formation (3)
-
-
Timiskaming Group (1)
-
-
Hadean (4)
-
Onverwacht Group (4)
-
Stillwater Complex (2)
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Transvaal Supergroup (1)
-
upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Mesoproterozoic (1)
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Neoproterozoic
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Vendian (1)
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Paleoproterozoic
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Dhanjori Group (1)
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Orosirian (1)
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Rooiberg Group (1)
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Rustenburg Layered Suite (1)
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-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
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extrusive rocks (1)
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igneous rocks
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carbonatites (2)
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hypabyssal rocks (2)
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kimberlite (4)
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peperite (2)
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picrite (12)
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plutonic rocks
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diabase (5)
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diorites
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ferrodiorite (1)
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tonalite (1)
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trondhjemite (3)
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gabbros
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norite (2)
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granites (5)
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granodiorites (1)
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pegmatite (2)
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syenites (1)
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ultramafics
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chromitite (5)
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peridotites
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dunite (10)
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harzburgite (3)
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pyroxenite
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orthopyroxenite (2)
-
-
-
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porphyry (1)
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volcanic rocks
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adakites (1)
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andesites
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boninite (2)
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basalts
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flood basalts (4)
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mid-ocean ridge basalts (8)
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ocean-island basalts (3)
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tholeiite (13)
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tholeiitic basalt (3)
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basanite
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ankaramite (2)
-
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dacites (4)
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komatiite (254)
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pyroclastics
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tuff (1)
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rhyolites (5)
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trachyandesites (1)
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trachytes (1)
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-
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ophiolite (8)
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pyrolite (1)
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wehrlite (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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metamorphic rocks
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amphibolites (5)
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gneisses (6)
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granulites (2)
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metaigneous rocks
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metabasalt (2)
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metabasite (3)
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metagabbro (1)
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metakomatiite (4)
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metapyroxenite (2)
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serpentinite (6)
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metasedimentary rocks (5)
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metasomatic rocks
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serpentinite (6)
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skarn (2)
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metavolcanic rocks (7)
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migmatites (1)
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quartzites (3)
-
schists
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greenschist (1)
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greenstone (10)
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slates (1)
-
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ophiolite (8)
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turbidite (1)
-
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meteorites
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meteorites
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stony meteorites
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achondrites
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Martian meteorites
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SNC Meteorites
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nakhlite (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
minerals
-
alloys (2)
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (1)
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cobaltite (1)
-
-
carbonates
-
ankerite (1)
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magnesite (1)
-
-
hydrates (1)
-
minerals (5)
-
native elements
-
diamond (2)
-
-
oxides
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aluminum oxides (1)
-
chrome spinel (3)
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chromite (10)
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hausmannite (1)
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ilmenite (1)
-
magnesium oxides (2)
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magnetite (1)
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rutile (3)
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spinel (5)
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spinel group (1)
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trevorite (2)
-
-
platinum minerals (3)
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silicates
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asbestos (1)
-
chain silicates
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amphibole group
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clinoamphibole
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tremolite (2)
-
-
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
augite (3)
-
diopside (2)
-
pigeonite (2)
-
-
orthopyroxene
-
enstatite (3)
-
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
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plagioclase
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anorthite (1)
-
-
-
scapolite group
-
scapolite (1)
-
-
silica minerals
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quartz (3)
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-
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magnesian silicates (2)
-
orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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garnet group
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pyrope (2)
-
-
kyanite (1)
-
olivine group
-
forsterite (7)
-
olivine (25)
-
-
titanite group
-
titanite (1)
-
-
zircon group
-
zircon (7)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
epidote group
-
epidote (1)
-
-
-
-
ring silicates
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beryl (1)
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emerald (2)
-
-
sheet silicates
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chlorite group
-
chlorite (2)
-
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mica group
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biotite (1)
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fuchsite (2)
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muscovite (1)
-
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serpentine group
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antigorite (1)
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lizardite (1)
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serpentine (2)
-
-
talc (4)
-
-
-
sulfates
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anhydrite (1)
-
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sulfides
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arsenopyrite (1)
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chalcopyrite (3)
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cobaltite (1)
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copper sulfides (2)
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galena (2)
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iron sulfides (2)
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nickel sulfides (12)
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pentlandite (4)
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pyrite (2)
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pyrrhotite (3)
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tetradymite (1)
-
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tellurides
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tetradymite (1)
-
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tungstates
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scheelite (2)
-
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ultrabasite (1)
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wehrlite (1)
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (23)
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Central African Republic (1)
-
-
East Africa
-
Mozambique (1)
-
Zambia (1)
-
-
Limpopo Belt (4)
-
Madagascar (1)
-
North Africa
-
Egypt
-
Eastern Desert (1)
-
-
Morocco
-
Bou Azzer (1)
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (17)
-
Kaapvaal Craton (12)
-
Namibia (1)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (4)
-
Limpopo South Africa (1)
-
Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton Mountain Land (1)
-
Barberton South Africa (2)
-
-
Transvaal region (1)
-
Witwatersrand (2)
-
-
Swaziland (2)
-
Zimbabwe
-
Belingwe greenstone belt (5)
-
Great Dyke (2)
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
komatiite
Platinum-Group Element and Trace Element Contents of Chromite Grains from the Alexo Komatiite Flows Compared with Chromites from Other Volcanic Rocks: Implications for the Use of Chromite Compositions in Petrogenesis Available to Purchase
The Significance of Hypermagnesian Clinopyroxene in the Yanisvaara Ultrabasic Complex, Kola Peninsula, Russia Available to Purchase
Upper Paleozoic komatiites near Mashhad, NE Iran Open Access
The value of the Belingwe Greenstone Belt, Zimbabwe, as a national geoheritage site Available to Purchase
Abstract Products of geological processes, such as rock formations, unconformities, structures, minerals, fossils and landforms, represent unique records of the evolution of the Earth. These form a coherent picture showing how the Earth evolved, but the picture becomes blurred with antiquity. Consequently, there are challenges in gathering information from the Archean, the period during which the foundations of the Earth were laid down. The 2.7 Ga Belingwe Greenstone Belt in Zimbabwe has proved to be valuable because it has some of the best-preserved Archean stratigraphy in the world. An unconformity between sialic basement and supracrustal rocks of the greenstone belt, and exotic rocks, such as komatiites and stromatolites, contributes immensely toward our knowledge of the evolution of the young Earth and the beginning of life. The frequent use of the Belingwe Greenstone Belt examples to explain geotectonic processes of the early Earth gives testimony to the importance of this structure. Interpretation of some of the features of the Greenstone Belt is sometimes controversial, which forms areas of endless research to better understand the Archean Era. It is for these reasons that arguments are presented for consideration of the Belingwe Greenstone Belt as a national geoheritage site.