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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Ontario
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Algoma District Ontario
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Precambrian
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United States
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Michigan
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Michigan Upper Peninsula
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Keweenaw Peninsula
The Nonesuch Formation Lagerstätte: a rare window into freshwater life one billion years ago
Paleomagnetism of the native copper mineralization, Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan
Magnetization age from paleomagnetism of the Copper Harbor red beds, Northern Michigan, USA, and its Keweenawan geologic consequences
Paleomagnetism of ∼1.09 Ga Lake Shore Traps (Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan): new results and implications
Abstract The western Upper Peninsula of Michigan is well known for hosting significant concentrations of copper in copper-dominated deposits. Most of the copper is hosted by rocks of the Mesoproterozoic Midcontinent Rift. Copper deposits in the western Upper Peninsula can be subdivided into two overlapping world-class copper mining districts. The Keweenaw Peninsula native copper district produced 11 billion lbs of copper and a lesser unknown but significant quantity of silver. Native copper deposits in this district are stratiform and hosted by tops of rift-filling subaerial basaltic lava flows and interflow coarse clastic sedimentary rocks. These deposits are interpreted to be the result of mineralizing hydrothermal fluids derived from rift-filling basaltic volcanic rocks that migrated upwards, driven by late Grenvillian compression of the rift some 40–50 million years following cessation of active rifting. The Porcupine Mountains sediment-hosted copper district produced or potentially will produce 5.5 billion lbs of copper and 54 million ounces of silver. These stratiform/stratabound deposits are hosted in rift-related black to gray shale and siltstone and dominated by chalcocite rather than native copper. Chalcocite is interpreted to be the result of introduction of copper-bearing fluids during diagenesis and lithification of host sediments. At the now-closed White Pine Mine, the chalcocite mineralizing event was followed by a second stage of native copper deposition that demonstrates a spatial and temporal overlap of these two world-class mining districts. While these two districts have been dormant since 1996, favorable results from recent exploration at Copper-wood suggest a revival of the mining of copper-dominated deposits in the western Upper Peninsula of Michigan.