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international cooperation
Practical applications of quality assurance and quality control in mineral exploration, resource estimation and mining programmes: a review of recommended international practices
Abstract After decades of research, development and demonstration (RD&D), mature concepts for the geological disposal of long-lived and high-level radioactive waste exist and some are close to being implemented. Underground research laboratories (URLs) have made an essential contribution to this progress. They enable in situ characterization and testing of host rocks and the demonstration of technologies and component performances at representative scales and under realistic geological conditions. They also offer a tool for training personnel and show aspects of the geological disposal concepts to stakeholders, including the public. In this paper we will present the different types and roles of URLs and we will discuss how the RD&D role of URLs has evolved and how it is likely to evolve in the near future.
International Geodiversity Day: from grassroots geoscience campaign to UNESCO recognition
Abstract The paper documents the process of proclaiming International Geodiversity Day as a grassroots initiative of the Earth science community for the benefit of our present civilization and for future generations. The huge support that this initiative has gained among scientists around the world has contributed to the rapid circulation of documents necessary to establish an international day at the UNESCO Forum. The paper presents the timeline of this process of proclaiming International Geodiversity Day, its implications and the course of the first celebrations in 2022.