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inorganic acids
Chemical processing of fossil phyllocarid cuticle: a comparison of micro- and macrofossil remains
Hypogenic karstic cavities formed by tectonic-driven fluid mixing in the Ordovician carbonates from the Tarim Basin, northwestern China
Silicification of trilobites and biofilm from the Cambrian Weeks Formation, Utah: Evidence for microbial mediation of silicification: COMMENT
Anomalous elastic properties of mudrocks bounding reservoirs with high concentrations of naturally occurring CO 2
A simple method for the recovery of palynomorphs from rock gypsum and rock anhydrite
Frequency, distribution, and mechanisms of evaporite karst drilling hazards in the western Delaware Basin: Learnings from historical high-density exploration in Culberson County, Texas
Unravelling biotic versus abiotic processes in the development of large sulfuric-acid karsts
Development of Kinetic Parameters for Nitric Acid Leaching of Phlogopite and the Characterization of Solid Products
Selection of suitable bentonite and the influence of various acids on the preparation of a special clay for the removal of trace olefins from aromatics
Hypogenic karst of the Great Basin
ABSTRACT Discoveries in the 1980s greatly expanded speleologists’ understanding of the role that hypogenic groundwater flow can play in developing caves at depth. Ascending groundwater charged with carbon dioxide and, especially, hydrogen sulfide can readily dissolve carbonate bedrock just below and above the water table. Sulfuric acid speleogenesis, in which anoxic, rising, sulfidic groundwater mixes with oxygenated cave atmosphere to form aggressive sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) formed spectacular caves in Carlsbad Caverns National Park, USA. Cueva de Villa Luz in Mexico provides an aggressively active example of sulfuric acid speleogenesis processes, and the Frasassi Caves in Italy preserve the results of sulfuric acid speleogenesis in its upper levels while sulfidic groundwater currently enlarges cave passages in the lower levels. Many caves in east-central Nevada and western Utah (USA) are products of hypogenic speleogenesis and formed before the current topography fully developed. Wet climate during the late Neogene and Pleistocene brought extensive meteoric infiltration into the caves, and calcite speleothems (e.g., stalactites, stalagmites, shields) coat the walls and floors of the caves, concealing evidence of the earlier hypogenic stage. However, by studying the speleogenetic features in well-established sulfuric acid speleogenesis caves, evidence of hypogenic, probably sulfidic, speleogenesis in many Great Basin caves can be teased out. Compelling evidence of hypogenic speleogenesis in these caves include folia, mammillaries, bubble trails, cupolas, and metatyuyamunite. Sulfuric acid speleogenesis signs include hollow coralloid stalagmites, trays, gypsum crust, pseudoscallops, rills, and acid pool notches. Lehman Caves in Great Basin National Park is particularly informative because a low-permeability capstone protected about half of the cave from significant meteoric infiltration, preserving early speleogenetic features.
Optimization of bleaching power by sulfuric acid activation of bentonite
Evaluation Approach of Rock Brittleness Index for Fracturing Acidizing Based on Energy Evolution Theory and Damage Constitutive Relation
Construction and Characterization of a Nanostructured Biocatalyst Consisting of Immobilized Lipase on Mg-Amino-Clay
A quantitative description of fission-track etching in apatite
Cave Decorating with Microbes: Geomicrobiology of Caves
Water well acidization revisited: includes oil and geothermal well perspectives
Abstract By virtue of its use in iconic monuments and historic buildings in the USA, Cockeysville marble, a dolomitic to calcitic lower Paleozoic (Cambrian/Ordovician) marble quarried in Baltimore County and adjacent areas in Maryland, is proposed as a potential Global Heritage Stone Resource. The most important use of this stone was for the Washington Monument in Washington, DC whose construction began in 1848; the second most important use was for the 108 columns of the United States Capitol's wings, completed in 1868. It was also used for two of the oldest major marble monuments in the USA, Baltimore's Battle Monument (dedicated in 1827) and Washington Monument (completed in 1829), as well as Baltimore's City Hall, Buffalo's Adkins Art Museum, Detroit's Fisher Building and parts of St Patrick's Cathedral in New York City. During the nineteenth century white Cockeysville was most desired, but a colourful variety, Mar Villa marble, was also used in the first decades of the twentieth century. Cockeysville marble is no longer quarried for dimension stone. All Cockeysville used outdoors has weathered to a lesser or great extent, but early testing indicating that the dolomitic marble would be more durable has proved to be true.