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Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Admiralty Bay (1)
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Africa
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Central Africa
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Congo River (1)
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Kufra Basin (1)
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North Africa
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Algeria (3)
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Egypt (1)
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Ghadames Basin (1)
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Libya
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Morocco (2)
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Sahara (2)
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Southern Africa
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Botswana (1)
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Karoo Basin (4)
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Namibia (2)
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South Africa
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Cape Province region (3)
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KwaZulu-Natal South Africa
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Durban South Africa (1)
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Transvaal region (1)
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Zimbabwe (1)
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West Africa
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Ivory Coast (1)
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West African Shield (1)
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Antarctica
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Amundsen Sea (4)
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Antarctic ice sheet
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East Antarctic ice sheet (29)
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Antarctic Peninsula
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Marguerite Bay (1)
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Coats Land (1)
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East Antarctica (35)
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Ellsworth Land
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Ellsworth Mountains (4)
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Filchner Ice Shelf (1)
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James Ross Island (2)
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Lake Vostok (1)
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Larsemann Hills (2)
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Mac Robertson Land
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Lambert Glacier (1)
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Marie Byrd Land
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Pine Island Glacier (3)
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Queen Maud Land
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Transantarctic Mountains
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Horlick Mountains
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Victoria Land
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Vostok Station (1)
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Arctic Ocean
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Arctic region
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Greenland ice sheet (16)
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Russian Arctic
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Svalbard
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Asia
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Baikal region (1)
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Central Asia
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Kazakhstan
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Far East
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North Sea
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Kattegat (1)
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Norwegian Channel (2)
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Northeast Atlantic
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Porcupine Seabight (1)
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Northwest Atlantic
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Demerara Rise (1)
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Reykjanes Ridge (1)
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Rockall Bank (1)
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South Atlantic
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Atlantic Ocean Islands
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Atlantic region (2)
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Australasia
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Australia
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Western Australia (2)
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Canada
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Arctic Archipelago (18)
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Ontario
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Nunavut
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Ellesmere Island (7)
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Meighen Island (1)
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Queen Elizabeth Islands
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Ellesmere Island (7)
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Sverdrup Islands
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Amund Ringnes Island (2)
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Meighen Island (1)
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Torngat Mountains (1)
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Ungava (2)
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Western Canada
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Alberta
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British Columbia
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Canadian Cordillera (4)
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Canadian Rocky Mountains (2)
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Manitoba
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Churchill Manitoba (1)
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Thompson nickel belt (1)
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Northwest Territories
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Great Slave Lake (1)
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Pine Point mining district (1)
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Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula (1)
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Saskatchewan (3)
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Yukon Territory
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Kluane Lake (1)
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-
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-
Caribbean region
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West Indies
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Antilles
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Lesser Antilles
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Barbados (1)
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Bahamas (1)
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-
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Cascade Range (3)
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Caspian Sea (1)
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Channeled Scabland (1)
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Coast Mountains (1)
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Columbia River (1)
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Dnieper River (1)
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Dnieper-Donets Basin (1)
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Kazakhstan
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Aktyubinsk Kazakhstan
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Zhamanshin Crater (1)
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-
-
Russian Federation
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Arkhangelsk Russian Federation
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Franz Josef Land (2)
-
Nenets Russian Federation (1)
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Novaya Zemlya (1)
-
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Baikal region (1)
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Russian Arctic
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Franz Josef Land (2)
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Novaya Zemlya (1)
-
-
Tyumen Russian Federation
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Yamal-Nenets Russian Federation
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Yamal (1)
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Verkhoyansk region (1)
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Urals
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West Siberia (1)
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Cumberland Peninsula (3)
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Death Valley (1)
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Don River (1)
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Eurasia (4)
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Europe
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Alps
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Arkhangelsk Russian Federation
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Baltic region
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Latvia (1)
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Central Europe
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Switzerland
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Swiss Alps (1)
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Valais Switzerland
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Dnieper River (1)
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Jura Mountains (1)
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Lapland
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Southern Europe
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Spain
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Italy
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Serbia (1)
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Western Europe
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Iceland
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Ireland
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Meuse River (1)
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Netherlands (1)
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Scandinavia
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Finland
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Lapland Finland (2)
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Norway
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Sweden (3)
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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England
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Cotswold Hills (1)
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Cumbria England
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East Anglia
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Norfolk England (2)
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Isle of Wight England (1)
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Lancashire England (1)
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Pennines (1)
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Yorkshire England
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North Yorkshire England (1)
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Scotland
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Hebrides
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Raasay (1)
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-
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Highland region Scotland
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Caithness Scotland (3)
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Inverness-shire Scotland
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Raasay (1)
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Sutherland Scotland (1)
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Moray Firth (3)
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Orkney Islands (1)
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Perthshire Scotland
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Perth Scotland (1)
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Scottish Highlands
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Scottish Northern Highlands (2)
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Shetland Islands (1)
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Tay Estuary (1)
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Wales (3)
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Northern Ireland
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Georgian Bay (1)
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Indian Ocean
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Indian Ocean Islands
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Pacific Ocean
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polar regions (4)
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-
metals
-
alkali metals
-
sodium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
beryllium
-
Be-10 (28)
-
-
calcium
-
Mg/Ca (7)
-
-
magnesium
-
Mg/Ca (7)
-
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
-
-
aluminum
-
Al-26 (18)
-
-
gold (1)
-
iron (1)
-
molybdenum (1)
-
platinum group
-
ruthenium (1)
-
-
rare earths
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (3)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
terbium (1)
-
-
titanium (1)
-
-
nitrogen
-
N-15/N-14 (1)
-
-
noble gases
-
helium (1)
-
neon (1)
-
-
oxygen
-
O-18 (3)
-
O-18/O-16 (55)
-
-
trace metals (1)
-
-
fossils
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Tetrapoda
-
Aves
-
Neornithes
-
Neognathae
-
Sphenisciformes (1)
-
-
-
-
Mammalia
-
Theria
-
Eutheria
-
Proboscidea
-
Elephantoidea
-
Elephantidae
-
Mammuthus
-
Mammuthus primigenius (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
fossil man (1)
-
Graptolithina
-
Graptoloidea (1)
-
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Mandibulata
-
Crustacea
-
Malacostraca (1)
-
Ostracoda (4)
-
-
Insecta
-
Pterygota
-
Neoptera
-
Endopterygota
-
Diptera
-
Chironomidae (2)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Brachiopoda (3)
-
Cnidaria
-
Anthozoa
-
Zoantharia
-
Scleractinia
-
Acropora
-
Acropora palmata (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia (4)
-
Gastropoda (1)
-
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera
-
Miliolina
-
Miliolacea
-
Quinqueloculina (1)
-
-
-
Rotaliina
-
Cassidulinacea
-
Anomalinidae
-
Cibicidoides
-
Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi (1)
-
-
-
Cassidulina (1)
-
-
Globigerinacea
-
Globigerinidae
-
Globigerina
-
Globigerina bulloides (3)
-
-
Globigerinoides
-
Globigerinoides ruber (5)
-
-
-
Globorotaliidae
-
Globorotalia
-
Globorotalia inflata (1)
-
-
-
Neogloboquadrina
-
Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (14)
-
-
-
Rotaliacea
-
Elphidium (2)
-
-
-
-
Radiolaria (5)
-
Silicoflagellata (2)
-
-
-
microfossils
-
Chitinozoa (1)
-
-
palynomorphs
-
Chitinozoa (1)
-
Dinoflagellata (5)
-
miospores
-
pollen (7)
-
-
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
Coccolithophoraceae (1)
-
diatoms (13)
-
nannofossils (5)
-
Phaeophyta (1)
-
Rhodophyta
-
Corallinaceae (1)
-
-
-
Bryophyta
-
Musci
-
Sphagnum (1)
-
-
-
-
thallophytes (5)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
Ar/Ar (10)
-
exposure age (22)
-
fission-track dating (3)
-
infrared stimulated luminescence (1)
-
K/Ar (2)
-
optical mineralogy (1)
-
optically stimulated luminescence (8)
-
paleomagnetism (13)
-
racemization (3)
-
Rb/Sr (2)
-
Sm/Nd (1)
-
tephrochronology (5)
-
Th/U (3)
-
thermochronology (2)
-
thermoluminescence (3)
-
tree rings (1)
-
U/Pb (4)
-
U/Th/Pb (1)
-
uranium disequilibrium (4)
-
-
geologic age
-
Anthropocene (1)
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Cordilleran ice sheet (21)
-
Holocene
-
lower Holocene (15)
-
middle Holocene (2)
-
Neoglacial (1)
-
upper Holocene (4)
-
-
Innuitian ice sheet (5)
-
lower Quaternary (1)
-
Mazama Ash (1)
-
middle Quaternary (1)
-
Pleistocene
-
Illinoian (3)
-
Lake Agassiz (4)
-
Lake Algonquin (2)
-
Lake Missoula (2)
-
lower Pleistocene (4)
-
Matuyama Chron (1)
-
middle Pleistocene
-
Elsterian (3)
-
-
Presumpscot Formation (1)
-
Saalian (1)
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Barents ice sheet (4)
-
Devensian
-
upper Devensian (3)
-
-
Eemian (2)
-
Lake Iroquois (1)
-
Sangamonian (1)
-
Weichselian
-
upper Weichselian
-
Allerod (6)
-
Bolling (7)
-
Older Dryas (1)
-
Younger Dryas (10)
-
-
-
Wisconsinan
-
lower Wisconsinan (1)
-
middle Wisconsinan (1)
-
upper Wisconsinan
-
Fraser Glaciation (4)
-
-
-
-
-
upper Quaternary
-
Brunhes Chron (2)
-
Scandinavian ice sheet (7)
-
-
-
Sirius Group (5)
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
lower Miocene (1)
-
middle Miocene (8)
-
upper Miocene
-
Messinian (1)
-
-
-
Pliocene
-
lower Pliocene (4)
-
middle Pliocene (3)
-
upper Pliocene (7)
-
-
upper Neogene (1)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
lower Eocene (1)
-
middle Eocene (2)
-
upper Eocene (3)
-
-
Oligocene
-
lower Oligocene (6)
-
upper Oligocene (1)
-
-
-
-
upper Cenozoic (9)
-
-
Dalradian (2)
-
Laurentide ice sheet (114)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (1)
-
Aptian (2)
-
-
Middle Cretaceous (2)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Cenomanian (1)
-
Maestrichtian
-
lower Maestrichtian (1)
-
-
Navesink Formation (1)
-
Senonian (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Ferrar Group (1)
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Toarcian (1)
-
-
-
Triassic
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian (1)
-
Rhaetian (1)
-
-
-
-
MIS 2 (2)
-
MIS 3 (4)
-
MIS 5 (1)
-
MIS 6 (2)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Lower Cambrian (1)
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Asbian (1)
-
Dinantian (1)
-
-
Mississippian
-
Upper Mississippian
-
Serpukhovian (1)
-
-
Windsor Group (1)
-
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Lower Pennsylvanian
-
Bashkirian (1)
-
-
Middle Pennsylvanian
-
Moscovian (1)
-
-
Upper Pennsylvanian
-
Gzhelian (1)
-
Kasimovian (1)
-
-
-
Upper Carboniferous (1)
-
-
Devonian
-
Upper Devonian (1)
-
-
lower Paleozoic (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (5)
-
Caradocian (1)
-
Hirnantian (7)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Khuff Formation (1)
-
Lower Permian
-
Cisuralian
-
Artinskian (1)
-
Asselian (2)
-
Kungurian (1)
-
Sakmarian (3)
-
-
-
Middle Permian (1)
-
Unayzah Formation (1)
-
Upper Permian (1)
-
-
Silurian
-
Lower Silurian
-
Llandovery
-
Aeronian (1)
-
-
Qalibah Formation (1)
-
-
Upper Silurian
-
Ludlow (1)
-
-
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Antrim Shale (1)
-
Dwyka Formation (8)
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (1)
-
Precambrian
-
Kingston Peak Formation (1)
-
Lewisian Complex (1)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Huronian
-
Gowganda Formation (2)
-
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Stenian (1)
-
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Cryogenian (2)
-
Sturtian (3)
-
Vendian (2)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Aphebian (1)
-
Orosirian (1)
-
-
Tapley Hill Formation (1)
-
-
-
Witwatersrand Supergroup (1)
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
diabase (1)
-
diorites (1)
-
gabbros
-
norite (1)
-
-
granites (4)
-
ultramafics (1)
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
basalts (1)
-
basanite (1)
-
glasses
-
volcanic glass (1)
-
-
pyroclastics
-
hyaloclastite (1)
-
ignimbrite (1)
-
pumice (2)
-
tuff (2)
-
-
rhyodacites (1)
-
trachytes (1)
-
-
-
volcanic ash (3)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (1)
-
-
impactites (1)
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metaconglomerate (1)
-
metapelite (1)
-
-
quartzites (1)
-
slates (1)
-
-
turbidite (2)
-
-
meteorites
-
meteorites
-
micrometeorites (1)
-
stony meteorites
-
achondrites
-
lunar meteorites (1)
-
-
-
-
-
minerals
-
alloys (1)
-
carbonates
-
aragonite (1)
-
calcite (3)
-
ikaite (1)
-
-
minerals (1)
-
oxides
-
ferrihydrite (1)
-
goethite (1)
-
hematite (1)
-
iron oxides (1)
-
magnetite (1)
-
rutile (1)
-
thorianite (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (1)
-
-
platinum minerals (1)
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
hornblende (2)
-
-
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
pigeonite (1)
-
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
K-feldspar (1)
-
sanidine (1)
-
-
-
silica minerals
-
opal (3)
-
quartz (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
zircon group
-
zircon (3)
-
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
clay minerals (2)
-
mica group
-
biotite (1)
-
muscovite (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfates
-
schwertmannite (1)
-
-
sulfides
-
laurite (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (98)
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Congo River (1)
-
-
Kufra Basin (1)
-
North Africa
-
Algeria (3)
-
Egypt (1)
-
Ghadames Basin (1)
-
Libya
-
Murzuk Basin (5)
-
-
Morocco (2)
-
Tunisia (1)
-
-
Sahara (2)
-
Southern Africa
-
Botswana (1)
-
Karoo Basin (4)
-
Namibia (2)
-
South Africa
-
Cape Province region (3)
-
KwaZulu-Natal South Africa
-
Durban South Africa (1)
-
-
Transvaal region (1)
-
-
Zimbabwe (1)
-
-
West Africa
-
Ivory Coast (1)
-
-
West African Shield (1)
-
-
Antarctica
-
Amundsen Sea (4)
-
Antarctic ice sheet
-
East Antarctic ice sheet (29)
-
West Antarctic ice sheet (19)
-
-
Antarctic Peninsula
-
Marguerite Bay (1)
-
-
Coats Land (1)
-
East Antarctica (35)
-
Ellsworth Land
-
Ellsworth Mountains (4)
-
-
Filchner Ice Shelf (1)
-
James Ross Island (2)
-
Lake Vostok (1)
-
Larsemann Hills (2)
-
Mac Robertson Land
-
Lambert Glacier (1)
-
-
Marie Byrd Land
-
Byrd Station (1)
-
Siple Dome (1)
-
-
Pine Island Glacier (3)
-
Queen Maud Land
-
Lutzow-Holm Bay (1)
-
Schirmacher Hills (5)
-
-
Ronne Ice Shelf (1)
-
Ross Ice Shelf
-
McMurdo Ice Shelf (1)
-
-
South Pole (2)
-
South Shetland Islands
-
King George Island (1)
-
-
Transantarctic Mountains
-
Beardmore Glacier (1)
-
Horlick Mountains
-
Wisconsin Range (1)
-
-
Shackleton Range (2)
-
-
Vestfold Hills (1)
-
Victoria Land
-
Allan Hills (1)
-
McMurdo dry valleys
-
Wright Valley (1)
-
-
-
Vostok Station (1)
-
West Antarctica (21)
-
Wilkes Land
-
Adelie Coast (1)
-
Dome C (1)
-
Law Dome (1)
-
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Barents Sea
-
Pechora Sea (1)
-
-
Beaufort Sea (2)
-
Fram Strait (1)
-
Kara Sea (5)
-
Lomonosov Ridge (1)
-
Norwegian Sea (8)
-
Yermak Plateau (3)
-
-
Arctic region
-
Arctic Coastal Plain (3)
-
Greenland
-
Camp Century (2)
-
Disko Island (1)
-
East Greenland (2)
-
Greenland ice sheet (16)
-
Jakobshavn Isbrae (1)
-
Scoresby Sund (1)
-
Sondre Stromfjord (1)
-
South Greenland (3)
-
West Greenland (6)
-
-
Russian Arctic
-
Franz Josef Land (2)
-
Novaya Zemlya (1)
-
-
Svalbard
-
Spitsbergen
-
Spitsbergen Island (1)
-
-
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Oman (1)
-
Saudi Arabia (2)
-
-
Baikal region (1)
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Aktyubinsk Kazakhstan
-
Zhamanshin Crater (1)
-
-
-
-
Far East
-
China
-
Loess Plateau (3)
-
-
Indochina (1)
-
Indonesia (1)
-
Japan
-
Ryukyu Islands (1)
-
-
Vietnam
-
Dalat Vietnam (1)
-
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India (1)
-
-
Siberia (3)
-
Tibetan Plateau (2)
-
Tyumen Russian Federation
-
Yamal-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Yamal (1)
-
-
-
Verkhoyansk region (1)
-
West Siberia (1)
-
-
asteroids (1)
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
Equatorial Atlantic (1)
-
Mid-Atlantic Ridge (3)
-
North Atlantic
-
Baltic Sea (2)
-
Bay of Biscay (2)
-
Caribbean Sea
-
Cariaco Basin (1)
-
-
Ceara Rise (1)
-
Celtic Sea (1)
-
Frobisher Bay (1)
-
Gulf of Mexico
-
Orca Basin (3)
-
-
Hudson Bay (2)
-
Hudson Strait (3)
-
Irish Sea (3)
-
Labrador Sea (8)
-
North Sea
-
Kattegat (1)
-
Norwegian Channel (2)
-
-
Northeast Atlantic
-
Porcupine Seabight (1)
-
-
Northwest Atlantic
-
Demerara Rise (1)
-
-
Reykjanes Ridge (1)
-
Rockall Bank (1)
-
-
South Atlantic
-
Southeast Atlantic (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Bermuda (1)
-
Shetland Islands (1)
-
-
Atlantic region (2)
-
atmosphere (8)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Adelaide Geosyncline (1)
-
South Australia
-
Gawler Craton (1)
-
-
Western Australia (2)
-
-
New Zealand (2)
-
-
bibliography (1)
-
biogeography (3)
-
biography (2)
-
brines (1)
-
Canada
-
Arctic Archipelago (18)
-
Eastern Canada
-
Baffin Island
-
Barnes ice cap (1)
-
-
James Bay Lowlands (1)
-
Lancaster Sound (1)
-
Maritime Provinces (4)
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Labrador (5)
-
Newfoundland (7)
-
-
Ontario
-
Algoma District Ontario
-
Elliot Lake Ontario (1)
-
-
Oak Ridges Moraine (3)
-
Peterborough County Ontario (1)
-
Simcoe County Ontario (1)
-
Thunder Bay District Ontario (1)
-
Timiskaming District Ontario (1)
-
Toronto Ontario (2)
-
Waterloo Ontario (1)
-
-
Quebec
-
Abitibi County Quebec
-
Chibougamau Quebec (1)
-
-
Anticosti Island (2)
-
Gaspe Peninsula (2)
-
Gatineau County Quebec
-
Hull Quebec (1)
-
-
Manicouagan River (1)
-
Montreal and Jesus Islands County Quebec
-
Montreal Quebec (1)
-
-
-
-
Hudson Bay (2)
-
Hudson Bay Lowlands (4)
-
Mackenzie Mountains (1)
-
Nunavut
-
Baffin Island
-
Barnes ice cap (1)
-
-
Ellesmere Island (7)
-
Lancaster Sound (1)
-
Sverdrup Islands
-
Amund Ringnes Island (2)
-
Ellef Ringnes Island (1)
-
Meighen Island (1)
-
-
-
Queen Elizabeth Islands
-
Ellesmere Island (7)
-
Sverdrup Islands
-
Amund Ringnes Island (2)
-
Ellef Ringnes Island (1)
-
Meighen Island (1)
-
-
-
Torngat Mountains (1)
-
Ungava (2)
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta
-
Edmonton Alberta (1)
-
-
British Columbia
-
Cariboo Mountains (1)
-
Vancouver Island (2)
-
-
Canadian Cordillera (4)
-
Canadian Rocky Mountains (2)
-
Manitoba
-
Churchill Manitoba (1)
-
Thompson nickel belt (1)
-
-
Northwest Territories
-
Great Slave Lake (1)
-
Pine Point mining district (1)
-
Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula (1)
-
-
Saskatchewan (3)
-
Yukon Territory
-
Kluane Lake (1)
-
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (20)
-
C-14 (73)
-
organic carbon (4)
-
-
Caribbean region
-
West Indies
-
Antilles
-
Lesser Antilles
-
Barbados (1)
-
-
-
Bahamas (1)
-
-
-
Caspian Sea (1)
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Cordilleran ice sheet (21)
-
Holocene
-
lower Holocene (15)
-
middle Holocene (2)
-
Neoglacial (1)
-
upper Holocene (4)
-
-
Innuitian ice sheet (5)
-
lower Quaternary (1)
-
Mazama Ash (1)
-
middle Quaternary (1)
-
Pleistocene
-
Illinoian (3)
-
Lake Agassiz (4)
-
Lake Algonquin (2)
-
Lake Missoula (2)
-
lower Pleistocene (4)
-
Matuyama Chron (1)
-
middle Pleistocene
-
Elsterian (3)
-
-
Presumpscot Formation (1)
-
Saalian (1)
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Barents ice sheet (4)
-
Devensian
-
upper Devensian (3)
-
-
Eemian (2)
-
Lake Iroquois (1)
-
Sangamonian (1)
-
Weichselian
-
upper Weichselian
-
Allerod (6)
-
Bolling (7)
-
Older Dryas (1)
-
Younger Dryas (10)
-
-
-
Wisconsinan
-
lower Wisconsinan (1)
-
middle Wisconsinan (1)
-
upper Wisconsinan
-
Fraser Glaciation (4)
-
-
-
-
-
upper Quaternary
-
Brunhes Chron (2)
-
Scandinavian ice sheet (7)
-
-
-
Sirius Group (5)
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
lower Miocene (1)
-
middle Miocene (8)
-
upper Miocene
-
Messinian (1)
-
-
-
Pliocene
-
lower Pliocene (4)
-
middle Pliocene (3)
-
upper Pliocene (7)
-
-
upper Neogene (1)
-
-
Paleogene
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Leg 94
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DSDP Site 607 (1)
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Leg 22
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DSDP Site 214 (2)
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Leg 28
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DSDP Site 270 (2)
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DSDP Site 271 (1)
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Leg 35
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Integrated Ocean Drilling Program
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Expeditions 303/306
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Invertebrata
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Chironomidae (2)
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Brachiopoda (3)
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Mollusca
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Rotaliina
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Anomalinidae
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Cassidulina (1)
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Globigerinacea
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Globigerinoides
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Globorotaliidae
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Neogloboquadrina
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Rotaliacea
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Elphidium (2)
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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ocean floors (15)
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Paleozoic
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
ice sheets
Glacial isostatic adjustment driven by asymmetric ice sheet melt during the Last Interglacial causes multiple local sea-level peaks
North Pacific warmth synchronous with the Miocene Climatic Optimum
Quantifying Pleistocene loess provenance in midcontinental North America using a mixing model: Implications for glacial lobe evolution along the southern Laurentide ice sheet
Miocene ice sheet dynamics and sediment deposition in the central Ross Sea, Antarctica
Glacially influenced provenance and Sturtian affinity revealed by detrital zircon U–Pb ages from sandstones in the Port Askaig Formation, Dalradian Supergroup
Pleistocene to recent evolution of Mocho-Choshuenco volcano during growth and retreat of the Patagonian Ice Sheet
Early Oligocene record of an “iceberg alley” in the Weddell Sea from quartz sand microtextural analysis at ODP Site 696
Linking the terrestrial environmental record at Mason Spur volcanic complex with the middle Miocene–Pleistocene Ross Sea marine record, Antarctica: A history of subaerial (ice-free) eruptions and glaciovolcanism under variable ice thicknesses
Glacial seismic geomorphology and Plio-Pleistocene ice sheet history offshore NW Europe
Abstract Plio-Pleistocene records of ice-rafted detritus suggest NW European ice sheets regularly reached coastlines. However, these records provide limited insight on the frequency, extent and dynamics of ice sheets delivering the detritus. Three-dimensional reflection seismic data of the NW European glaciated margin have previously documented buried landforms that inform us on these uncertainties. This paper reviews and combines these existing records with new seismic geomorphological observations to catalogue landform occurrence along the European glaciated margin and considers how they relate to ice sheet history. The compilation shows Early Pleistocene ice sheets regularly advanced across the continental shelves. Early Pleistocene sea-level reconstructions demonstrate lower magnitude fluctuations compared to the Middle–Late Pleistocene, and more extensive/frequent Early Pleistocene glaciation provides a possible mismatch with sea-level reconstructions. This evidence is discussed with global records of glaciation to consider possible impacts on our wider understanding of Plio-Pleistocene climate changes, in particular how well Early Pleistocene sea-level records capture ice sheet volume changes. Resolving such issues relies on how well landforms are dated, whether they can be correlated with other proxy datasets, and how accurately these proxies reconstruct the magnitudes of past climatic changes. Many questions about Pleistocene glaciation in Europe and elsewhere remain.