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Hungary
Calibration of the Local Magnitude Scale for Hungary
Hyperparameter inversion of well logs for the simultaneous estimation of volumetric and zone parameters
Abstract Geodiversity and geosite assessments precede geoheritage and geotourism utilization. The process first determines the geodiversity value of an area (based on geoscientific attributions) and then the geotourism potential of the available sites. As a result, significant geosites can be identified, which are the bases for protection and tourism. During geosite assessment, scientific and infrastructural aspects are essential because spectacular sites and landscapes carrying intrinsic or visible values generate interest among tourists and professionals. In this study, a quantitative workflow to determine the geodiversity index over an area, evaluate geosites and monitor significant ones is presented. The study area is the Bakony–Balaton UNESCO Global Geopark, where no quantitative assessment was conducted previously. A GIS-based geodiversity analysis identified the most diverse areas which gave the basis for the geosite assessment done in a ‘geodiverse’ subregion of the geopark. The most important nine of the 75 identified potential geosites were chosen to examine the spatial variance of the assessment. By continuous monitoring, we got an image of what the visitors liked or did not like there. In this way, we were able to monitor the various opinions of geotourists to present unique development strategies for each of them. A connection between the location of geosites and the spatial distribution of geodiversity values was also determined by analysing and visualizing the connection between geodiversity and geosite assessment results.
An Attempt to Determine the Magnitudes and Epicenters of Significant Historical Earthquakes in the Pannonian Basin
A neutron diffraction study of boussingaultite, (NH 4 ) 2 [Mg(H 2 O) 6 ](SO 4 ) 2
PLATE 6 OF THE GEOLOGY OF RUSSIA : PRODUCT OF A ‘GENIUS OF COMBINATION’
ABSTRACT The first trace fossils in Hungary, dinosaur footprints, were found in the coal mines of the Mecsek Mountains. The footprints belonged to small theropod dinosaurs. The first fossil bones of vertebrate animals from present-day Hungary were found in 2000 in the mountainous region of Bakony. Numerous taxa have been collected from the locality of Iharkút. These fossils represent a diverse fauna (including fishes, amphibians, turtles, lizards, crocodilians, dinosaurs, birds, and pterosaurs) that lived between 85.8 and 83.5 m.y. ago in the Santonian Age during the Late Cretaceous period. Paleoart can depict these fossil remains in an engaging way to help inform the public about the ancient creatures of Hungary. This chapter provides an overview of how the Mesozoic vertebrates from Hungary have been reconstructed for scientists and the public.
Abstract The Jenkyns Event or Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event was an episode of severe environmental perturbations reflected in carbon isotope and other geochemical anomalies. Although well studied in the epicontinental basins in NW Europe, its effects are less understood in open marine environments. Here we present new geochemical (carbon isotope, CaCO 3 , [Mn]) and nannofossil biostratigraphic data from the Tölgyhát and Kisgerecse sections in the Gerecse Hills (Hungary). These sections record pelagic carbonate sedimentation near the margin of the Tethys Ocean. A negative carbon isotope excursion of c. 6‰ is observed in the Tölgyhát section, in a condensed clay and black shale layer where the CaCO 3 content drops in association with the Jenkyns Event. At Kisgerecse, bio- and chemostratigraphic data suggest a gap in the lower Toarcian. The presence of an uppermost Pliensbachian hardground, the absence of the lowermost Toarcian Tenuicostatum ammonite zone and the condensed record of the Jenkyns Event at Tölgyhát, together with a condensed Tenuicostatum Zone and the missing negative carbon isotope anomaly at Kisgerecse, imply arrested carbonate sedimentation. A calcification crisis and sea-level rise together led to a decrease in carbonate production and terrigenous input, suggesting that volcanogenic CO 2 -driven global warming may have been their common cause.
Decoupling of morphological disparity and taxonomic diversity during the end-Permian mass extinction
Destruction of the Royal Town at Visegrád, Hungary: Historical Evidence and Archaeoseismology of the A.D. 1541 Earthquake at the Proposed Danube Dam Site
Characterization of the metasomatizing agent in the upper mantle beneath the northern Pannonian Basin based on Raman imaging, FIB-SEM, and LA-ICP-MS analyses of silicate melt inclusions in spinel peridotite
Revising the Revisions: James Hutton’s Reputation among Geologists in the Late Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries
James Hutton’s Theory of the Earth , first published in 1785, was considered completely new by his contemporaries, different from anything that preceded it, and widely discussed both in Hutton’s own country and abroad—from St. Petersburg through Europe to New York. Yet a recent trend among some historians of geology is to characterize Hutton’s work as already behind the times in the late eighteenth century and remembered only because some later geologists found it convenient to represent it as a precursor of the prevailing opinions of the day. Painstakingly researched, richly referenced, and full of interesting stories, this Memoir shatters that line of thinking and restores Hutton’s standing as the father of modern geology, his ideas fully relevant to the geological problems of his day.