Abstract On the north shore of the St Lawrence Estuary (Québec, Canada), near the Betsiamites river delta, a large sub-aerial submarine landslide complex was mapped using multi-beam bathymetry and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data. Previous analysis of this landslide complex revealed that, since 7250 cal years BP, at least four different landsliding events occurred to form the present morphology, in which over 2 km 3 of material have been mobilized. The 7.25 cal ka BP landslide is of particular interest here: this landslide is entirely submarine and mobilized about 1.3 km 3 of material, deposited over an area of 54 km 2 , which make this landslide the largest identified on the St Lawrence estuary seafloor. This landslide showed a runout distance of about 15 km. Landslide-generated tsunamis may be triggered by such a landslide, where a large volume of material is mobilized in a short time. Kinematic analysis of this landslide was previously performed, and here we use these analyses in order to perform tsunami wave generation and propagation modelling. It is shown in this analysis that, even if the mobilized volume is very high and there is a long runout, the tsunami generated is small with tsunami wave amplitudes of <1.5 m, except in the vicinity of the landslide. The highest tide elevation in this part of the St Lawrence Estuary is about 5.5 m, so the impact of such a tsunami wave may be limited.

ABSTRACT Both people and the environment require water. The environment in Texas depends upon water discharged from the Edwards Aquifers, including ~1.5 million megaliters per year (ML/yr) from the Edwards-Trinity (Plateau) Aquifer and ~1 million ML/yr from the Edwards (Balcones Fault Zone) Aquifer. The first people in the area used the aquifer springs as drinking water and subsequently irrigated with the springs’ flow and then began drilling and pumping wells. Well production in the Edwards (Balcones Fault Zone) Aquifer was ~120,000 ML/yr in the 1930s and steadily increased over the next three decades to ~500,000 ML/yr, which is the average use from 1970 to 2015. Production from the Edwards-Trinity (Plateau) Aquifer was ~250,000 ML/yr from 1984 through 2016, while production from the Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) Aquifer was ~25,000 ML/yr from 1984 through 2016. The Interstate 35 growth corridor, extending from Bexar County (San Antonio) through New Braunfels, San Marcos, and Austin, Texas, and up to Bell County, is expected to grow from 4.6 million people in 2020 to 8.7 million in 2070. Despite the needs of this growing population, groundwater availability and regional water planning information suggests that pumping from the Edwards (Balcones Fault Zone) Aquifer over the next 50 yr will be limited. Groundwater availability numbers suggest that pumping in the Edwards-Trinity (Plateau) Aquifer could double from current levels, although planning information currently projects a more modest increase. Unsettled groundwater law and climate change could also affect future levels of pumping.

Abstract Tsunami catalogues provide important datasets in assessing the risk from infrequent but potentially high-impact events. Although the UK is located away from subduction zones (the most common origin of tsunamis), tsunamis have struck its shores, most notably those triggered by the prehistoric Storegga submarine landslide and the 1755 Lisbon earthquake. Since the major events of 2004 (Indian Ocean) and 2011 (Japan) tsunamis are in the public psyche, even if the risks to UK coasts are not. Due to this heightened awareness, many reported events are claimed to be tsunamis and the potential for tsunamis is increasingly included in risk planning; understanding the true frequency of tsunamis is therefore important. Within the UK, the evidence for tsunamis includes tide gauge readings, reported visual observations and interpretation of sedimentological features. Catalogues need to consider whether the event is a true tsunami in order to avoid a plethora of claims that confound risk assessments; for example, recent well-documented events generated by weather systems (meteotsunamis) provide a possible explanation for some historical events. A detailed examination of the impact of tsunamis upon the UK coast is provided, including examples of events triggered by the three primary causes of tsunamis: seismicity, submarine landslides and coastal landslides.