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Journal Article

Plastic deformation and trace element mobility in sphalerite

Alexandre Cugerone, Emilien Oliot, Manuel Muñoz, Fabrice Barou, Vincent Motto-Ros, Bénédicte Cenki
Published: 01 November 2024
American Mineralogist (2024) 109 (11): 1888–1912.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2023-9215
... such as gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), and indium (In). Metamorphic conditions and dynamic recrystallization may have induced local or total redistribution of these elements. Modern techniques such as electron backscattered diffraction analyses (EBSD) and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) applied...
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Journal Article

Platinum-Group Element and Trace Element Contents of Chromite Grains from the Alexo Komatiite Flows Compared with Chromites from Other Volcanic Rocks: Implications for the Use of Chromite Compositions in Petrogenesis

Sarah-Jane Barnes
Published: 26 September 2024
The Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology (2024) 62 (5): 659–681.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3749/2400002
... ) are richer in Cr than the chromites from the clinopyroxene flow (blue symbols). Titanium, Mn, Ni, V, and Zn concentrations are in the 500 to 3000 ppm range ( Table 1 and ESM Table 5). Cobalt covers a narrow range of 180 to 280 ppm. Gallium is in the 20 to 40 ppm range. Copper and Sc are in the 1 to 10 ppm...
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Journal Article

Compound criticality of bauxite production: implications for sustainability and trade neo-colonialism

C. Malam, K. R. Moore, P. Diallo
Journal: Geoenergy
Published: 22 July 2024
Geoenergy (2024) 2 (1): geoenergy2023-054.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1144/geoenergy2023-054
...) Gallium is a by-product CRM, extracted during alumina refining. (3) Multiple other CRM by-products could be extracted during alumina refining: scandium, lithium, cobalt, titanium and REE. (4) Production is profoundly influenced by price inelasticity (for by-products), regime instability of bauxite...
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Journal Article

Endogenous Lunar Volatiles

Francis M. McCubbin, Jessica J. Barnes, Peng Ni, Hejiu Hui, Rachel L. Klima, David Burney, James M. D. Day, Tomáš Magna, Jeremy W. Boyce, Romain Tartèse, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Edgar Steenstra, Stephen M. Elardo, Ryan A. Zeigler, Mahesh Anand, Yang Liu
Published: 01 December 2023
Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry (2023) 89 (1): 729–786.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2023.89.17
...‰. KREEP-bearing regolith breccias and KREEP-bearing impact melt breccias have δ 41 K values of +0.21 to +0.51‰ ( Wang and Jacobsen 2016a ; Tian et al. 2020 ), all of which attest to a slight 41 K enrichment in most lunar samples relative to terrestrial igneous rocks. Bulk-rock gallium isotopic...
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Journal Article

Synthesis of boehmite-type GaOOH: A new polymorph of Ga oxyhydroxide and geochemical implications

Meng Liu, Wei Yin, Hao-Fan Jiang, Yu-Han Wang, Qi-Tao Hu, Tian-Lei Zhao, Qi-Zhi Yao, Sheng-Quan Fu, Gen-Tao Zhou
Published: 01 September 2023
American Mineralogist (2023) 108 (9): 1773–1780.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2022-8568
...Meng Liu; Wei Yin; Hao-Fan Jiang; Yu-Han Wang; Qi-Tao Hu; Tian-Lei Zhao; Qi-Zhi Yao; Sheng-Quan Fu; Gen-Tao Zhou Abstract Gallium (Ga) and aluminum (Al) belong to group IIIA elements in the periodic table. They show a coupled geochemical behavior in most natural systems and are considered...
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Journal Article

Processes of Enrichment of Trace Metals for High-Tech Applications in Hydrothermal Veins of the Ruhr Basin and the Rhenish Massif, Germany

Sören Henning, Torsten Graupner, Thomas Krassmann, Hans-Eike Gäbler, Simon Goldmann, Jolanta Kus, Peter Onuk
Published: 21 February 2023
The Canadian Mineralogist (2022) 60 (6): 881–912.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.2100053
... and metal sources using vitrinite reflectance analysis and host rock investigation indicate a genetic link between the Carboniferous carbonaceous rocks (hosting a number of coal seams) and significant trace metal enrichment in the veins. Gallium enrichment, outlining primary growth zones in ore stage 1...
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Journal Article

A comparison of trace element concentrations in chromite from komatiites, picrites, and layered intrusions: implications for the formation of massive chromite layers

Sarah-Jane Barnes, Eduardo T. Mansur, Wolfgang D. Maier, Stephen A. Prevec
Published: 02 November 2022
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (2023) 60 (2): 97–132.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2022-0064
... replaced or mixed with the liquid from which the chromite crystallized. Thus, process ( ii ) should more correctly be phrased as post-crystallization re-equilibration with liquid. Gallium shows a negative correlation with Cr 2 O 3 and has a single trend starting at a low of 24 ppm...
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Journal Article

Boron proxies record paleosalinity variation in the North American Midcontinent Sea in response to Carboniferous glacio-eustasy

Wei Wei, Wenchao Yu, Thomas J. Algeo, Achim D. Herrmann, Lian Zhou, Jinhua Liu, Qian Wang, Yuansheng Du
Journal: Geology
Published: 11 February 2022
Geology (2022) 50 (5): 537–541.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/G49521.1
... stars mark locations of the Iowa Riverton core (IRC) and the Charleston core (CC) study cores. V.E.—vertical exaggeration. The boron/gallium ratio (B/Ga) of bulk-shale samples is a robust proxy for paleosalinity because both B and Ga are group 13 (boron group) elements in the periodic table...
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Journal Article

Mineralogy of Ga- and Ge-bearing metallurgical slags from Tsumeb, Namibia

Vojtěch Ettler, Martin Mihaljevič, Ladislav Strnad, Radim Jedlicka, Bohdan Kříbek, Rob J. Bowell, Fred Kamona, Ben Mapani
Published: 10 November 2021
Mineralogical Magazine (2021) 85 (6): 879–889.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2021.83
...Vojtěch Ettler; Martin Mihaljevič; Ladislav Strnad; Radim Jedlicka; Bohdan Kříbek; Rob J. Bowell; Fred Kamona; Ben Mapani Abstract Gallium (Ga) and germanium (Ge) are technologically important critical elements. Lead blast furnace slags from Tsumeb, Namibia, comprise over two million metric tons...
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Journal Article

Distribution of trace elements in willemite from the Belgium non-sulphide deposits

Flavien Choulet, James Richard, Marie-Christine Boiron, Augustin Dekoninck, Johan Yans
Published: 01 September 2019
European Journal of Mineralogy (2019) 31 (5-6): 983–997.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/ejm/2019/0031-2871
... . Bernstein , L.R. ( 1986 ): Geology and mineralogy of the APEX germanium–gallium mine, Washington County, Utah . USGS Bull. , 1577 , 1 – 9 . Boni , M. & Mondillo , N. ( 2015 ): The “Calamines” and the “Others”: the great family of supergene nonsulfide zinc ores . Ore Geol. Rev...
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Journal Article

How marine incursion influences the quality of lacustrine source rocks: The Paleogene Nanxiang Basin, eastern China

Liuwen Xia, Jian Cao, Shouzhi Hu, Shuifu Li
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Published: 15 May 2019
AAPG Bulletin (2019) 103 (5): 1071–1096.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1306/101261817268
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Journal Article

New high-pressure phases in MOOH (M = Al, Ga, In)

Ashok K. Verma, P. Modak, Lars Stixrude
Published: 01 December 2018
American Mineralogist (2018) 103 (12): 1906–1917.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2018-6634
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Journal Article

Critical elements in non-sulfide Zn deposits: a reanalysis of the Kabwe Zn-Pb ores (central Zambia)

N. Mondillo, R. Herrington, A. J. Boyce, C. Wilkinson, L. Santoro, M. Rumsey
Published: 01 May 2018
Mineralogical Magazine (2018) 82 (S1): S89–S114.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2017.081.038
... of W2 (−3.5‰ to 0‰ V-SMOW) indicates that it precipitated from groundwaters of meteoric origin in either a supergene or a low- T hydrothermal environment. Gallium and Ge show a diversity of distribution among the range of Zn-bearing minerals. Gallium has been detected at the ppm level in W1, sphalerite...
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View PDF for article title, Critical elements in non-sulfide Zn deposits: a reanalysis of the Kabwe Zn-Pb ores (central Zambia)
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Journal Article

Trace-element compositions of sapphire and ruby from the eastern Australian gemstone belt

Jacqueline Wong, Charles Verdel, Charlotte M. Allen
Published: 01 December 2017
Mineralogical Magazine (2017) 81 (6): 1551–1576.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2017.081.012
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Journal Article

Derivation of A1-type granites by partial melting of newly underplated rocks related with the Tarim mantle plume

YUPING SU, JIANPING ZHENG, LILI LIANG, HONGKUN DAI, JUNHONG ZHAO, MING CHEN, XIANQUAN PING, ZIQI LIU, JIAN WANG
Published: 20 November 2017
Geological Magazine (2019) 156 (3): 409–429.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756817000838
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Journal Article

Hyperspectral cathodoluminescence study of indium-bearing sphalerite from the Mt Carlton high-sulphidation epithermal deposit, Queensland, Australia

Fredrik Sahlström, Kevin Blake, Isaac Corral, Zhaoshan Chang
Published: 30 June 2017
European Journal of Mineralogy (2017) 29 (6): 985–993.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/ejm/2017/0029-2660
.... Our study shows that hyperspectral CL mapping is a powerful and efficient technique to study the distribution of In in sphalerite. © 2017 E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, D-70176 Stuttgart 2017 cathodoluminescence hyperspectral sphalerite indium gallium copper Mt Carlton high...
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Journal Article

Trace Element Distribution (cu, Ga, Ge, Cd, and Fe) in Sphalerite from the Tennessee Mvt Deposits, Usa, By Combined Empa, La-icp-ms, Raman Spectroscopy, and Crystallography

Julien Bonnet, Régine Mosser-Ruck, Marie-Camille Caumon, Olivier Rouer, Anne-Sylvie Andre-Mayer, Jean Cauzid, Chantal Peiffert
Published: 01 September 2016
The Canadian Mineralogist (2016) 54 (5): 1261–1284.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.1500104
... deposition. Electron microprobe and LA-ICP-MS analyses reveal complex chemical zoning in the sphalerites together with coupling of two main groups of trace elements: copper, germanium, and gallium; and iron and cadmium. The zoning is interpreted in terms of substitution mechanisms using different equations...
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Journal Article

Synthesis and crystal structure of Ga-rich, Fe-bearing tourmaline

Oleg S. Vereshchagin, Tatiana V. Setkova, Ira V. Rozhdestvenskaya, Olga V. Frank-Kamenetskaya, Dina V. Deyneko, Konstantin V. Pokholok
Published: 01 June 2016
European Journal of Mineralogy (2016) 28 (3): 593–599.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/ejm/2016/0028-2542
... of 0.032; a = 16.000(1), c = 7.257(1) Å). Gallium and iron cations are distributed over the Y and Z octahedral sites according to the crystal-chemical formula (Na 0.95 □ 0.05 ) (Ga 1.34 Fe 2+ 0.62 Al 0.44 Fe 3+ 0.34 Ni 0.26 ) (Al 3.28 Ga 1.92 Fe 2+ 0.41 Fe 3+ 0.39 ) (Si 6 O 18 ) (BO 3 ) 3 (OH 2.29 O 0.71...
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Journal Article

Crystal chemistry of “Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 ” garnet doped with Al, Ga, and Fe: a short review on local structures as revealed by NMR and Mößbauer spectroscopy studies

Daniel Rettenwander, Reinhard Wagner, Julia Langer, Maria Elisabeth Maier, Martin Wilkening, Georg Amthauer
Published: 01 June 2016
European Journal of Mineralogy (2016) 28 (3): 619–629.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/ejm/2016/0028-2543
... crystallizing with cubic symmetry . J. Phys. Chem. C , 116 , 15192 – 15202 . El Shinawi H. Janek J. ( 2013 ): Stabilization of cubic lithium-stuffed garnets of the type “Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 “ by addition of gallium . J. Power Sources , 225 , 13 – 19 . Geiger C. A. Alekseev E...
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Book Chapter

Critical Elements in Sediment-Hosted Deposits (Clastic-Dominated Zn-Pb-Ag, Mississippi Valley-Type Zn-Pb, Sedimentary Rock-Hosted Stratiform Cu, and Carbonate-Hosted Polymetallic Deposits): A Review

Author(s)
Erin E. Marsh, Murray W. Hitzman, David L. Leach
Book: Rare Earth and Critical Elements in Ore Deposits
Series: Reviews in Economic Geology
Publisher: Society of Economic Geologists
Published: 01 January 2016
DOI: 10.5382/Rev.18.12
EISBN: 9781629490922
... important sources of critical elements including Co, Ga, Ge, PGEs, and Re. Cobalt is noted in only a few clastic-dominated and MVT deposits, whereas sedimentary rock-hosted stratiform copper deposits are major producers. Gallium occurs in sphalerite from clastic-dominated and MVT deposits. Little...
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Abstract
View PDF for content titled, Critical Elements in Sediment-Hosted Deposits (Clastic-Dominated Zn-Pb-Ag, Mississippi Valley-Type Zn-Pb, Sedimentary Rock-Hosted Stratiform Cu, and Carbonate-Hosted Polymetallic Deposits): A Review
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Abstract Some sediment-hosted base metal deposits, specifically, the clastic-dominated Zn-Pb deposits, carbonatehosted Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) deposits, sedimentary rock-hosted stratiform copper deposits, and carbonate-hosted polymetallic (“Kipushi-type”) deposits, are or have been important sources of critical elements including Co, Ga, Ge, PGEs, and Re. Cobalt is noted in only a few clastic-dominated and MVT deposits, whereas sedimentary rock-hosted stratiform copper deposits are major producers. Gallium occurs in sphalerite from clastic-dominated and MVT deposits. Little is reported of germanium in clastic-dominated deposits; it is more commonly noted in MVT deposits (up to 4,900 ppm within sphalerite) and has been produced from carbonate-hosted polymetallic deposits (Kipushi, Tsumeb). Indium is known to be elevated in sphalerite and zinc concentrates from some MVT and clastic-dominated deposits, produced from Rammelsberg and reported from Sullivan, Red Dog, Tri-State, Viburnum Trend, Lisheen, San Vincente, and Shalipayco. Platinum and palladium have been produced from sedimentary rock-hosted stratiform copper deposits in the Polish Kupferschiefer. Sedimentary rock-hosted stratiform copper deposits in the Chu-Sarysu basin are known to have produced rhenium. Although trace element concentrations in these types of sediment-hosted ores are poorly characterized in general, available data suggest that there may be economically important concentrations of critical elements yet to be recognized.