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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Central America
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Guatemala (10)
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East Pacific Ocean Islands
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Hawaii
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Hawaii County Hawaii
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Hawaii Island
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Kilauea (1)
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Fuego (10)
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Meseta (1)
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Oceania
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Polynesia
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Hawaii
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Hawaii County Hawaii
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Hawaii Island
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Kilauea (1)
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United States
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Alaska (2)
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Hawaii
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Hawaii County Hawaii
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Hawaii Island
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Kilauea (1)
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elements, isotopes
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halogens
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chlorine (1)
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metals
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alkaline earth metals
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strontium (1)
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igneous rocks
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igneous rocks
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plutonic rocks
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diorites
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trondhjemite (1)
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volcanic rocks
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basanite (1)
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glasses
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pyroclastics (2)
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volcanic ash (3)
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minerals
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silicates
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framework silicates
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silica minerals (1)
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orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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olivine group
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olivine (2)
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Primary terms
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Central America
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Guatemala (10)
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East Pacific Ocean Islands
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Hawaii
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Hawaii County Hawaii
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geochemistry (2)
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geomorphology (1)
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igneous rocks
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plutonic rocks
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diorites
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volcanic rocks
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basanite (1)
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glasses
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inclusions
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magmas (5)
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minerals (1)
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United States
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sediments
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Fuego
Vapor-bubble growth in olivine-hosted melt inclusions
Bubbles matter: An assessment of the contribution of vapor bubbles to melt inclusion volatile budgets
Fuego Volcano (14°29′N, 90°53′W, 3800 m) is the southernmost vent of the north-south–trending Fuego-Acatenango volcanic complex. A basaltic-andesite stratovolcano, Fuego has had more than 60 subplinian eruptions since A.D. 1524, making it one of the most active volcanoes in the world. Since 1999, Fuego has exhibited continuous low-level activity, which alternates between periods of lava effusion with Strombolian explosions and periods of discrete explosions with no lava effusion. We analyzed explosions recorded on a broadband seismometer and infrasonic microphones in June and July 2008. The explosions were identified through a combination of visual field observations and the examination of infrasound records. Acoustic waveform cross-correlation indicated a highly repetitive source appropriate for investigating temporal variations in the wave field. The primary focus of this study is a time period from 8 to 27 June 2008, which included the emergence of a new lava flow. Using seismic coda wave interferometry analysis of 159 well-recorded explosions, we detected short-term relative changes in the velocity structure ranging from −0.23% to 0.61%. This rapid variation may indicate minor fluctuations in volatile content. Variations in seismic and acoustic wave arrival time differences, which might result from changes in source depth, are attributed to wind speed variations.
The Escuintla and La Democracia debris avalanche deposits, Guatemala: Constraining their sources
The Escuintla and La Democracia debris avalanches are the two largest debris avalanches so far identified in Guatemala, with respective volumes of 9–15 km 3 and 2.4–5 km 3 . Based upon their geographic locations on the Guatemalan coastal plain, both deposits have several possible source volcanoes. The Escuintla debris avalanche could have originated at either the Fuego or Acatenango volcanic complexes, or Agua volcano. Farther to the west, the La Democracia debris avalanche could only have come from the Fuego or Acatenango volcanic complexes. An apparent collapse scar on the east face of the Meseta edifice (the northernmost vent of the Fuego volcanic complex) has been attributed to the formation of the Escuintla debris avalanche. A mostly obscured summit collapse scar on Acatenango and an erosional remnant of a debris avalanche deposit near the base of the cone have been linked to the La Democracia debris avalanche. Petrographic and geochemical analyses of lava blocks collected from the Escuintla debris avalanche suggest that a substantial volume of amphibole-bearing dacitic lavas were present at its source volcano. Examination of rocks from the possible source volcanoes indicate that no dacitic lavas or tephras are known to have erupted from the Fuego volcanic complex and that the rocks exposed in the Meseta scarp bear little resemblance to the Escuintla debris avalanche samples. A few dacitic lavas and tephras are known from the Agua volcano, and several dacitic tephras have erupted from Acatenango. Geochemical comparisons of lavas and tephras from these volcanoes with rocks from the Escuintla debris avalanche showed greater similarities than those from Fuego and Meseta. Even though Acatenango is not known to have erupted dacitic lavas, its geochemistry is the most consistent with that of the Escuintla debris avalanche. Lava blocks from the La Democracia debris avalanche are mostly basaltic, although one andesitic sample contains phenocrystic amphibole. Geochemical analyses of Fuego and Meseta lavas overlap with the La Democracia debris avalanche samples; however, no amphibole-bearing rocks are known from Meseta, and Fuego is presumed to be younger than the La Democracia debris avalanche. Compared to the Acatenango rocks, the geochemistry and mineralogy of the La Democracia debris avalanche are quite similar. Furthermore, rocks from the debris avalanche deposit on the flank of Acatenango are also consistent with the chemistry of the La Democracia debris avalanche. Thus, Acatenango produced at least one debris avalanche, the La Democracia debris avalanche, and possibly also generated the Escuintla debris avalanche.