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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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East Africa
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Kenya
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Kenya Rift valley (1)
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Zambia (1)
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North Africa
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Morocco (1)
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Southern Africa
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Namibia (2)
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South Africa
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Cape Province region (1)
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KwaZulu-Natal South Africa (1)
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Asia
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Australasia
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Indian Ocean (1)
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Canadian Shield
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South America
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Oregon
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Washington
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commodities
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metal ores
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mineral deposits, genesis (3)
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elements, isotopes
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carbon
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C-14 (1)
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stable isotopes
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metals
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iron
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nickel (1)
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nitrogen (1)
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oxygen
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phosphorus (3)
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sulfur (1)
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fossils
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bacteria (2)
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burrows (1)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Pisces (1)
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coprolites (2)
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cyanobacteria (1)
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ichnofossils
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Thalassinoides (1)
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Metazoa (1)
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geochronology methods
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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upper Holocene (1)
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene
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Columbia River Basalt Group (2)
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Paleogene
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Paleocene
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lower Paleocene
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K-T boundary (1)
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Lower Cretaceous (1)
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Upper Cretaceous
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K-T boundary (1)
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Whitemud Formation (1)
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Navajo Sandstone (3)
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Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
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Paleozoic
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Cambrian
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Lower Cambrian (1)
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Carboniferous
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Upper Carboniferous
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Millstone Grit (1)
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Permian
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Ecca Group (1)
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Upper Permian
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Silurian
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Middle Silurian
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Phanerozoic (1)
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Precambrian
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Hamersley Group (1)
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Pongola Supergroup (1)
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Transvaal Supergroup (1)
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Paleoproterozoic (3)
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igneous rocks
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igneous rocks
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carbonatites (2)
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volcanic rocks
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pyroclastics
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tuff (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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metaigneous rocks
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metachert (1)
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quartzites
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schists (1)
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minerals
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alloys
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carbides (1)
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carbonates
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ankerite (1)
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dolomite (2)
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siderite (4)
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iron minerals (1)
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native elements
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oxides
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hydroxides (1)
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iron oxides (7)
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limonite (1)
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vernadite (1)
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phosphates
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apatite (1)
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silicates
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chain silicates
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pyroxene group
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orthopyroxene (1)
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framework silicates
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silica minerals
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opal
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quartz (1)
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zeolite group (1)
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orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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garnet group (1)
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olivine group
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forsterite (1)
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sheet silicates
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chlorite group
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clay minerals
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nontronite (7)
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smectite (11)
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illite (1)
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mica group
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serpentine group
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berthierine (1)
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stilpnomelane (1)
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zussmanite (1)
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-
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Primary terms
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absolute age (1)
-
Africa
-
East Africa
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Kenya
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Kenya Rift valley (1)
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-
Zambia (1)
-
-
North Africa
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Morocco (1)
-
-
Southern Africa
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Namibia (2)
-
South Africa
-
Cape Province region (1)
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KwaZulu-Natal South Africa (1)
-
Mpumalanga South Africa (1)
-
Northern Cape Province South Africa
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Postmasburg South Africa (1)
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-
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West Africa
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Ivory Coast (1)
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Arctic region (1)
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Asia
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Far East
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China
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Guizhou China (1)
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Hebei China (1)
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North China Platform (1)
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Indonesia
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Celebes (2)
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Korea
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South Korea (1)
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Indian Peninsula
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India
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Rajasthan India (1)
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Australasia
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Australia
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New South Wales Australia (1)
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Northern Territory Australia (1)
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Queensland Australia (1)
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South Australia
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Flinders Ranges (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Yandal greenstone belt (1)
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Yilgarn Craton (1)
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New Zealand (1)
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bacteria (2)
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bauxite deposits (1)
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brines (1)
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Canada
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Nunavut
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Boothia Peninsula (1)
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Western Canada
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Alberta (1)
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Saskatchewan (1)
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Yukon Territory (1)
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carbon
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C-14 (1)
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Caribbean region
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West Indies
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Antilles
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Lesser Antilles
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Guadeloupe (1)
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-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Columbia River Basalt Group (2)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
K-T boundary (1)
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-
-
-
-
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Pisces (1)
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clay mineralogy (16)
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climate change (1)
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coprolites (2)
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crust (1)
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crystal chemistry (3)
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crystal structure (3)
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Europe
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Betic Cordillera (1)
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Valencia region
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Italy
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Western Europe
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United Kingdom
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faults (2)
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geochemistry (17)
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geophysical methods (1)
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hydrogen
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D/H (1)
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hydrology (1)
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ichnofossils
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Thalassinoides (1)
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igneous rocks
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carbonatites (2)
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volcanic rocks
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flood basalts (1)
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pyroclastics
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tuff (1)
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inclusions
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fluid inclusions (1)
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Indian Ocean (1)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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stable isotopes
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O-18/O-16 (1)
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kaolin deposits (1)
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magmas (1)
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mantle (1)
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Lower Cretaceous (1)
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Upper Cretaceous
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
-
Whitemud Formation (1)
-
-
Jurassic (1)
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Navajo Sandstone (3)
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Triassic
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Lower Triassic
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Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
-
-
-
-
metal ores
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aluminum ores (1)
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copper ores (1)
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gold ores (3)
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iron ores (2)
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manganese ores (1)
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rare earth deposits (1)
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tungsten ores (1)
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uranium ores (1)
-
-
metals
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alkali metals
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lithium (1)
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sodium (1)
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alkaline earth metals
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barium (1)
-
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iron
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ferric iron (1)
-
ferrous iron (3)
-
-
nickel (1)
-
rare earths (2)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
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garnetite (1)
-
gneisses (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metagabbro (1)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metachert (1)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (1)
-
quartzites
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ferruginous quartzite (1)
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-
schists (1)
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-
metamorphism (1)
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metasomatism (2)
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mineral deposits, genesis (3)
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mineral exploration (4)
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mineralogy (1)
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minerals (4)
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nitrogen (1)
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nodules (1)
-
North America
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Appalachians
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Blue Ridge Mountains (1)
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Valley and Ridge Province (1)
-
-
Canadian Shield
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Superior Province
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Abitibi Belt (1)
-
-
-
-
oceanography (1)
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oxygen
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dissolved oxygen (1)
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O-18/O-16 (1)
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paleoclimatology (3)
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paleoecology (1)
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paleogeography (2)
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Paleozoic
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Cambrian
-
Lower Cambrian (1)
-
-
Carboniferous
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Upper Carboniferous
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Millstone Grit (1)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Ecca Group (1)
-
Upper Permian
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
-
-
-
Silurian
-
Middle Silurian
-
Clinton Group (1)
-
-
-
-
paragenesis (1)
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petroleum (1)
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Phanerozoic (1)
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phosphorus (3)
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pollution (2)
-
Precambrian
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Archean
-
Mesoarchean (1)
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Neoarchean (2)
-
-
Hamersley Group (1)
-
Pongola Supergroup (1)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Roper Group (1)
-
-
Neoproterozoic
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Cryogenian (1)
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Sturtian (1)
-
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Paleoproterozoic (3)
-
-
-
-
sea water (3)
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sedimentary petrology (2)
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sedimentary rocks
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bauxite (1)
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carbonate rocks
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grainstone (1)
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travertine (1)
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chemically precipitated rocks
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iron formations (3)
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ironstone (3)
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weathering crust (1)
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clastic rocks
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claystone (1)
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conglomerate (1)
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diamictite (1)
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mudstone (2)
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red beds (1)
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sandstone (7)
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shale (4)
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siltstone (2)
-
-
-
sedimentary structures
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biogenic structures
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bioturbation (1)
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stromatolites (1)
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planar bedding structures
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laminations (1)
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secondary structures
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concretions (3)
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sedimentation (6)
-
sediments
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clastic sediments
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clay (3)
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gravel (1)
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kaolin (1)
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residuum (2)
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sand (2)
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marine sediments (1)
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soils
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Ferruginous soils (1)
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laterites (4)
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volcanic soils (1)
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South America
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Amazon Basin (1)
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Brazil (1)
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Chile (1)
-
-
spectroscopy (1)
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springs (2)
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stratigraphy (2)
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sulfur (1)
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thermal waters (2)
-
United States
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Blue Ridge Mountains (1)
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Colorado Plateau (1)
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Idaho (1)
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North Carolina
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Macon County North Carolina (1)
-
-
Oregon
-
Columbia County Oregon (1)
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Grant County Oregon (1)
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Marion County Oregon (1)
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Multnomah County Oregon (1)
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Washington County Oregon (1)
-
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Utah
-
Garfield County Utah (1)
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Kane County Utah (1)
-
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Washington
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Grant County Washington (1)
-
Lewis County Washington (1)
-
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-
weathering (10)
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X-ray analysis (1)
-
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rock formations
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Karoo Supergroup (1)
-
-
sedimentary rocks
-
sedimentary rocks
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bauxite (1)
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carbonate rocks
-
grainstone (1)
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travertine (1)
-
-
chemically precipitated rocks
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chert (1)
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duricrust (1)
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ferricrete (2)
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iron formations (3)
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ironstone (3)
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weathering crust (1)
-
-
clastic rocks
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claystone (1)
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conglomerate (1)
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diamictite (1)
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mudstone (2)
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red beds (1)
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sandstone (7)
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shale (4)
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siltstone (2)
-
-
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
burrows (1)
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coprolites (2)
-
sedimentary structures
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biogenic structures
-
bioturbation (1)
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stromatolites (1)
-
-
planar bedding structures
-
laminations (1)
-
-
secondary structures
-
concretions (3)
-
-
-
-
sediments
-
sediments
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clastic sediments
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clay (3)
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gravel (1)
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kaolin (1)
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residuum (2)
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sand (2)
-
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marine sediments (1)
-
-
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soils
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paleosols (2)
-
soils
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Ferruginous soils (1)
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laterites (4)
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volcanic soils (1)
-
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Vertisols (1)
-
ferruginous composition
Anthropogenic temper versus geological and pedological inclusions: grog temper as a possible chrono-cultural marker for the Late Ceramic Age in the pre-Columbian Lesser Antilles
Lithostratigraphy of the Sinqeni Formation, Pongola Supergroup, South Africa
The formation of marine red beds and iron cycling on the Mesoproterozoic North China Platform
Phosphorus burial in ferruginous SiO 2 -rich Mesoproterozoic sediments
Abstract Chemical and mineralogical evidence is reported, first for mudrocks from the Mid-Permian–Mid-Triassic Maitai Group and, secondly, for Late Permian(?) mudrocks from the structurally underlying Patuki Melange. Weathering and alteration indices indicate increased source weathering and aluminosilicate input stratigraphically upwards in the Maitai Group. The Maitai Group exhibits an upward change from a relatively enriched continental magmatic arc source (and related country rocks) during the Late Permian, to a relatively depleted continental magmatic arc source (and related country rocks) during the Triassic. The melange mudrocks have a similar provenance to the Late Permian mudrocks of the Maitai Group. The melange mudrocks are, however, generally less altered, probably because of additional, local, ophiolite-related input. Red iron-rich mudrocks accumulated widely in two Triassic Maitai Group formations and also locally in the Patuki Melange. The iron oxide was derived by continental weathering under warm conditions, and then accumulated relatively slowly under oxidizing seafloor conditions. The chemical evidence, as a whole, indicates sources for all of the mudrocks similar to the Median Batholith and associated country rocks, or non-exposed equivalents along the SE Gondwana active continental margin. Accumulation took place during a change from an icehouse to a hothouse world.