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Journal Article

Advances for the Exploration of Tectonic-Magmatic-Related Emerald Deposits Using a High-Resolution Spectral Approach: Unraveling the Spectral Footprint of the Paraná Deposit (NE Brazil)

José Ferreira de Araújo Neto, Thais Andressa Carrino, Lauro Cézar Montefalco de Lira Santos, Rosa Elvira Correa Pabón
Journal: Economic Geology
Published: 01 March 2024
Economic Geology (2024) 119 (2): 355–371.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.5053
...José Ferreira de Araújo Neto; Thais Andressa Carrino; Lauro Cézar Montefalco de Lira Santos; Rosa Elvira Correa Pabón Abstract This study unravels the spectral footprint of the Paraná deposit, northeastern Brazil, and provides strategies for emerald exploration in mafic- and/or ultramafic-hosted...
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Pressure-Temperature-Fluid Constraints for the Formation of the Halo-Shakiso Emerald Deposit, Southern Ethiopia: Fluid Inclusion and Stable Isotope Studies

Carol-Anne Nicol, Dan Marshall, Hans Christoph Einfalt, Derek Thorkelson
Published: 22 February 2022
The Canadian Mineralogist (2022) 60 (1): 29–48.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.2000069
...Carol-Anne Nicol; Dan Marshall; Hans Christoph Einfalt; Derek Thorkelson ABSTRACT The Halo-Shakiso emeralds were discovered near the town of Shakiso in southern Ethiopia in 2016. They are gem quality, Cr-dominant emeralds hosted within ultramafic rocks and associated with Cambrian pegmatite...
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A Crystallographically Supported Equation for Calculating Water in Emerald from the Sodium Content

Rhiana E. Henry, Lee A. Groat, R. James Evans, Jan Cempírek, Radek Škoda
Published: 01 April 2021
The Canadian Mineralogist (2021) 59 (2): 337–354.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.2000076
...Rhiana E. Henry; Lee A. Groat; R. James Evans; Jan Cempírek; Radek Škoda ABSTRACT Emerald is the most well-recognized beryl (Be 3 Al 2 Si 6 O 18 ) variety, and although it has been extensively studied, a satisfactory method for quantifying the water content within the structural channels...
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Exploring our current understanding of the geological evolution and mineral endowment of the Zimbabwe Craton

H.A. Jelsma, R.W. Nesbitt, C.M. Fanning
Published: 01 March 2021
South African Journal of Geology (2021) 124 (1): 279–310.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25131/sajg.124.0020
... mineralization is associated with hydrothermal sub-seafloor alteration of volcanic rocks at Maramba Prospect in the Shamva Greenstone Belt ( Danda, 1997 ; Figure 3 ). Emeralds, beryllium and lithium mineralization are associated with the ca . 2 620 to 2 600 Ma Chilimanzi (or Razi) Suite granites, notably...
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Mineral chemistry and geochronology of the Rajasthan emerald deposits, NW India

Paul Alexandre
Published: 15 June 2020
The Canadian Mineralogist (2020) 58 (3): 335–346.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.1900055
...Paul Alexandre ABSTRACT The emerald deposits in Rajasthan, northwest India, are situated in a narrow NE–SW belt in the Aravalli Mountains. The studied deposits were formed by the metasomatic reaction between muscovite (± garnet ± tourmaline) pegmatites and lenticular bodies of altered ultramafic...
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A new emerald occurrence from Kruta Balka, Western Peri-Azovian region, Ukraine: Implications for understanding the crystal chemistry of emerald

Gerhard Franz, Oleksii Vyshnevskyi, Michail Taran, Vladimir Khomenko, Michael Wiedenbeck, Ferry Schiperski, Jörg Nissen
Published: 01 February 2020
American Mineralogist (2020) 105 (2): 162–181.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2020-7010
...Gerhard Franz; Oleksii Vyshnevskyi; Michail Taran; Vladimir Khomenko; Michael Wiedenbeck; Ferry Schiperski; Jörg Nissen Abstract We investigated emerald, the bright-green gem variety of beryl, from a new locality at Kruta Balka, Ukraine, and compare its chemical characteristics with those...
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Study of the Differences in Infrared Spectra of Emerald from Different Mining Areas and the Controlling Factors

Xin Qiao, Zhengyu Zhou, Dietmar Theodor Schwarz, Lijian Qi, Jiaxin Gao, Peizhen Nong, Meng Lai, Kaipeng Guo, Yingbo Li
Published: 01 January 2019
The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) 57 (1): 65–79.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.1800042
...Xin Qiao; Zhengyu Zhou; Dietmar Theodor Schwarz; Lijian Qi; Jiaxin Gao; Peizhen Nong; Meng Lai; Kaipeng Guo; Yingbo Li Abstract Natural emeralds from 11 mining areas were studied using an infrared spectrometer. The results showed different spectroscopic characteristics for emerald from different...
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Why Are Some Crystals Gem QUALITY? CRYSTAL Growth Considerations On the “gem Factor”

Emmanuel Fritsch, Benjamin Rondeau, Bertrand Devouard, Lauriane Pinsault, Camille Latouche
Published: 01 July 2017
The Canadian Mineralogist (2017) 55 (4): 521–533.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.1700013
... single individuals. There are only a few examples of fast growth leading to gem-quality edifices: examples include “gota de aceite” Colombian emerald or the dendritic “pseudo cube” for gem diamonds. We have not documented the intermediate conditions between these two extremes in the Sunagawa diagram...
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Genesis of Emerald-bearing Quartz Veins Associated with the Lened W-skarn Mineralization, Northwest Territories, Canada

Donald J. Lake, Lee A. Groat, Hendrik Falck, Thomas Mulja, Jan CempÍrek, Daniel Kontak, Daniel Marshall, Gaston Giuliani, Mostafa Fayek
Published: 01 July 2017
The Canadian Mineralogist (2017) 55 (4): 561–593.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.1700025
...Donald J. Lake; Lee A. Groat; Hendrik Falck; Thomas Mulja; Jan CempÍrek; Daniel Kontak; Daniel Marshall; Gaston Giuliani; Mostafa Fayek Abstract Emerald at the Lened occurrence in the western Northwest Territories is hosted by quartz veins cutting skarn near the Lened granite pluton and older...
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Fluid Inclusion and Stable Isotope Constraints On the Formation of the Ianapera Emerald Deposit, Southern Madagascar

Stefano Salvi, Gaston Giuliani, Prosper Rakatovao Andrianjakavah, Bernard Moine, Didier Beziat, Anthony Fallick
Published: 01 July 2017
The Canadian Mineralogist (2017) 55 (4): 619–650.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.1700017
...Stefano Salvi; Gaston Giuliani; Prosper Rakatovao Andrianjakavah; Bernard Moine; Didier Beziat; Anthony Fallick Abstract The Ianapera emerald deposit is hosted in the Neoproterozoic Vohibory domain of southern Madagascar, within a tightly folded metamorphic sequence of mafic and ultramafic rocks (M...
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Searching For the Garamantian Emerald: Reconsidering the Green-colored Stone Beads Trade in the Ancient Sahara

Andrea Zerboni, Pietro Vignola, Maria Carmela Gatto, Andrea Risplendente, Lucia Mori
Published: 01 July 2017
The Canadian Mineralogist (2017) 55 (4): 651–668.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.1600052
... as the presence in the archaeological record, of green-colored stone beads and pendants. For these unusual lapidary crafts, possibly previously cited by Pliny the Elder in his Naturalis Historia (Books 37, 37; 37, 59), he proposed the term émeraude garamantique , the Garamantian emerald ( Duveyrier 1864...
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Formational Conditions For the Binntal Emerald Occurrence, Valais, Switzerland: Fluid Inclusion, Chemical Composition, and Stable Isotope Studies

Dan Marshall, Nicolas Meisser, Sarah Ellis, Peter Jones, François Bussy, Thomas Mumenthaler
Published: 01 July 2017
The Canadian Mineralogist (2017) 55 (4): 725–741.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.1600090
...Dan Marshall; Nicolas Meisser; Sarah Ellis; Peter Jones; François Bussy; Thomas Mumenthaler Abstract Emerald from the Binntal occurrence in the Canton of Valais in Switzerland has been studied to determine its chemical zonation, stable isotopic signatures, depositional-fluid characteristics...
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Recent Advances in Understanding the Similarities and Differences of Colombian Euclases

Isabella Pignatelli, Gaston Giuliani, Christophe Morlot, Olivier Rouer, Nicolas Claiser, Pierre-Yves Chatagnier, David Goubert
Published: 01 July 2017
The Canadian Mineralogist (2017) 55 (4): 799–820.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.1700011
...Isabella Pignatelli; Gaston Giuliani; Christophe Morlot; Olivier Rouer; Nicolas Claiser; Pierre-Yves Chatagnier; David Goubert Abstract Colombian euclase is rare and associated with emerald in medium-temperature hydrothermal veins hosted by Lower Cretaceous black shales (BS). The original sources...
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Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of emeralds from the Leydsdorp area, South Africa

J.E. Lum, K.S. Viljoen, B. Cairncross
Published: 01 June 2016
South African Journal of Geology (2016) 119 (2): 359–378.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2113/gssajg.119.2.359
...J.E. Lum; K.S. Viljoen; B. Cairncross Abstract The world’s oldest emerald deposit occurs in the Gravelotte-Leydsdorp area of the Limpopo Province of South Africa. Emeralds have been mined from the main emerald working, the Cobra pit, since 1927, although emeralds were discovered in the area much...
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Journal Article

FTIR spectroscopy of D 2 O and HDO molecules in the c -axis channels of synthetic beryl

Rudolf I. Mashkovtsev, Viktor G. Thomas, Dmitry A. Fursenko, Elena S. Zhukova, Vladimir V. Uskov, Boris P. Gorshunov
Published: 01 January 2016
American Mineralogist (2016) 101 (1): 175–180.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2016-5432
... observed for the natural beryl in the range of the OD stretching vibrations have been explained. * E-mail: [email protected] Manuscript handled by Ian Swainson 21 5 2015 21 7 2015 © 2016 Mineralogical Society of America 2016 Beryl emerald FTIR spectroscopy H 2 O, D 2 O...
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Influence of impurities on Cr 3+ luminescence properties in Brazilian emerald and alexandrite

Nadège Ollier, Yves Fuchs, Olivier Cavani, Adolf Heinrich Horn, Stéphanie Rossano
Published: 01 December 2015
European Journal of Mineralogy (2015) 27 (6): 783–792.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2484
...Nadège Ollier; Yves Fuchs; Olivier Cavani; Adolf Heinrich Horn; Stéphanie Rossano Abstract Emerald and alexandrite, the chromiferous varieties of beryl, Be 3 Al 2 [Si 6 O 18 ], and chrysoberyl, BeAl 2 O 4 , respectively, are, as gems, of high economical and technological interest. The Cr 3...
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Book Chapter

THE GEOLOGY OF GEMS AND THEIR GEOGRAPHIC ORIGIN

Author(s)
Gaston Giuliani, Lee Groat, Daniel Ohnenstetter, Anthony E. Fallick, Julien Feneyrol
Book: Geology of Gem Deposits Second Edition
Series: Short Courses
Publisher: Mineralogical Association of Canada
Published: 01 January 2014
DOI: 10.3749/9780921294696.ch03
EISBN: 978-0-921294-69-6
... and environmental constraints. Increasing demand is expressed by supply pressure such as for diamond, and an increase in the price of HVCG (ruby, sapphire, emerald, alexandrite, tsavorite, tanzanite, spinel and demantoid) which more than doubled between 2005 and 2013 and precious metals such as gold. High-value...
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Book Chapter

EMERALD

Author(s)
Lee Groat, Gaston Giuliani, Daniel Marshall, David Turner
Book: Geology of Gem Deposits Second Edition
Series: Short Courses
Publisher: Mineralogical Association of Canada
Published: 01 January 2014
DOI: 10.3749/9780921294696.ch04
EISBN: 978-0-921294-69-6
...INTRODUCTION Emerald is the green gem variety of beryl (Be 2+ 3 Al 3+ 2 Si 4+ 6 O 2– 18 ). The color of emerald is due to trace amounts of Cr and/or V replacing Al in the crystal structure. The presence of Cr and V in the beryl structure causes a red fluorescence that enhances...
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Book Chapter

GEM-BEARING PEGMATITES

Author(s)
William B. ‘Skip’ Simmons
Book: Geology of Gem Deposits Second Edition
Series: Short Courses
Publisher: Mineralogical Association of Canada
Published: 01 January 2014
DOI: 10.3749/9780921294696.ch09
EISBN: 978-0-921294-69-6
... LCT Dumortierite b, pur dumortierite R LCT Emerald G beryl group R Contact zones Eudialyte r, br eudialyte R Alkalic Scapolite c, y, br scapolite group R Contact zones Sodalite b, g sodalite R Alkalic Uvite g, br,y tourmaline group R LCT Colors: c...
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Book Chapter

COLORED GEMSTONES FROM CANADA

Author(s)
Bradley S. Wilson
Book: Geology of Gem Deposits Second Edition
Series: Short Courses
Publisher: Mineralogical Association of Canada
Published: 01 January 2014
DOI: 10.3749/9780921294696.ch11
EISBN: 978-0-921294-69-6
...INTRODUCTION Canada is home to a wide array of colored gemstone deposits. From amethyst to zircon, emerald to sapphire, Canada has it all. Yet for most of its history, Canada has been regarded as a nation devoid of gemstones. Nothing could be further from the truth. Most major gem species have...
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