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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Kr-84 (1)
-
-
neon
-
Ne-21 (1)
-
-
-
oxygen
-
dissolved oxygen (1)
-
O-17/O-16 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (21)
-
-
phosphorus (1)
-
selenium (1)
-
sulfur
-
S-34/S-32 (6)
-
-
trace metals (1)
-
-
fossils
-
bacteria (4)
-
burrows (2)
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Tetrapoda
-
Reptilia
-
Diapsida
-
Archosauria
-
dinosaurs
-
Saurischia
-
Sauropodomorpha
-
Sauropoda (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Mandibulata
-
Crustacea
-
Ostracoda (2)
-
-
-
Trilobitomorpha
-
Trilobita
-
Agnostida (1)
-
-
-
-
Cnidaria
-
Anthozoa
-
Zoantharia
-
Scleractinia
-
Montastrea
-
Montastrea annularis (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia (1)
-
Gastropoda (1)
-
-
Porifera
-
Stromatoporoidea (1)
-
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera (5)
-
Radiolaria (2)
-
-
-
Metazoa (1)
-
microfossils
-
Charophyta (1)
-
Chitinozoa (2)
-
Conodonta (2)
-
-
palynomorphs
-
acritarchs (2)
-
Chitinozoa (2)
-
Dinoflagellata (3)
-
miospores
-
pollen (3)
-
-
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
Chlorophyta
-
Charophyta (1)
-
-
Coccolithophoraceae (2)
-
diatoms (3)
-
-
-
problematic fossils (1)
-
thallophytes (2)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
(U-Th)/He (1)
-
Ar/Ar (4)
-
K/Ar (2)
-
Lu/Hf (1)
-
paleomagnetism (13)
-
Rb/Sr (3)
-
Re/Os (2)
-
Sm/Nd (2)
-
U/Pb (6)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (1)
-
-
Pleistocene
-
Lake Maumee (1)
-
middle Pleistocene (1)
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Wisconsinan (1)
-
-
-
upper Quaternary (2)
-
-
Tertiary
-
Asmari Formation (1)
-
Climax Porphyry (1)
-
lower Tertiary (3)
-
middle Tertiary
-
Talang Akar Formation (1)
-
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Columbia River Basalt Group (1)
-
Guantao Formation (2)
-
lower Miocene (1)
-
middle Miocene
-
San Onofre Breccia (1)
-
-
Oficina Formation (1)
-
Temblor Formation (2)
-
upper Miocene
-
Messinian (2)
-
Puente Formation (1)
-
Santa Cruz Mudstone (1)
-
Santa Margarita Formation (1)
-
-
-
Pliocene
-
middle Pliocene (1)
-
upper Pliocene
-
Akchagylian (1)
-
-
-
Purisima Formation (1)
-
upper Neogene (1)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Dongying Formation (1)
-
Eocene
-
Green River Formation (1)
-
lower Eocene
-
Aquia Formation (1)
-
Ypresian (1)
-
-
middle Eocene
-
Cockfield Formation (1)
-
Queen City Formation (1)
-
Sparta Sand (1)
-
Yegua Formation (1)
-
-
upper Eocene
-
Jackson Group (1)
-
-
-
Oligocene
-
Creede Formation (1)
-
Frio Formation (3)
-
lower Oligocene
-
Rupelian (1)
-
-
middle Oligocene (1)
-
Vicksburg Group (1)
-
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
Danian (1)
-
K-T boundary (3)
-
-
-
Wilcox Group (6)
-
-
Vaqueros Formation (1)
-
-
upper Cenozoic
-
Pico Formation (1)
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Blairmore Group (1)
-
Colorado Group (1)
-
Comanchean
-
Buda Limestone (1)
-
Edwards Formation (3)
-
Georgetown Formation (2)
-
Glen Rose Formation (3)
-
Paluxy Formation (1)
-
Pearsall Formation (1)
-
-
Dakota Formation (1)
-
Hue Shale (1)
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian
-
Pinda Formation (1)
-
-
Aptian
-
lower Aptian (1)
-
-
Barremian (1)
-
Berriasian (2)
-
Cadomin Formation (1)
-
Candeias Formation (1)
-
Cedar Mountain Formation (1)
-
Edwards Formation (3)
-
Georgetown Formation (2)
-
Gething Formation (1)
-
Glen Rose Formation (3)
-
Hauterivian (1)
-
Hosston Formation (1)
-
Isachsen Formation (1)
-
Mannville Group (1)
-
McMurray Formation (5)
-
Missisauga Formation (1)
-
Moosebar Formation (1)
-
Muddy Sandstone (1)
-
Neocomian (4)
-
Paluxy Formation (1)
-
Pearsall Formation (1)
-
Sligo Formation (2)
-
Spirit River Formation (2)
-
-
Mancos Shale (3)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Buda Limestone (1)
-
Campanian
-
lower Campanian (1)
-
-
Cardium Formation (1)
-
Carlile Shale (1)
-
Cenomanian (7)
-
Codell Sandstone Member (1)
-
Eutaw Formation (2)
-
Ferron Sandstone Member (1)
-
Forbes Formation (1)
-
Fort Hays Limestone Member (2)
-
Fox Hills Formation (1)
-
Fruitland Formation (1)
-
Gulfian
-
Austin Chalk (1)
-
Eagle Ford Formation (7)
-
-
K-T boundary (3)
-
Laramie Formation (1)
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
Magothy Formation (1)
-
Monmouth Group (1)
-
Mooreville Chalk (1)
-
Moreno Formation (1)
-
Niobrara Formation (5)
-
Pakawau Group (1)
-
Pierre Shale (2)
-
Sharon Springs Member (1)
-
Smoky Hill Chalk Member (2)
-
Turonian
-
upper Turonian (1)
-
-
Tuscaloosa Formation (2)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Bazhenov Formation (4)
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Hettangian (1)
-
lower Liassic (1)
-
Nordegg Member (2)
-
Toarcian (1)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Aalenian (1)
-
Bajocian
-
Brent Group (3)
-
Etive Formation (1)
-
Ness Formation (1)
-
-
Bathonian (1)
-
Callovian (1)
-
-
Posidonia Shale (1)
-
Twin Creek Limestone (1)
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Bossier Formation (2)
-
Cotton Valley Group (1)
-
Fulmar Formation (6)
-
Haynesville Formation (3)
-
Kimmeridge Clay (3)
-
Morrison Formation (1)
-
Oxfordian (2)
-
Smackover Formation (3)
-
Sundance Formation (2)
-
Volgian (1)
-
-
-
Navajo Sandstone (3)
-
Triassic
-
Charlie Lake Formation (1)
-
Lower Triassic
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
-
Smithian (1)
-
Spathian (2)
-
Thaynes Formation (1)
-
-
Middle Triassic
-
Anisian (2)
-
Doig Formation (4)
-
-
Montney Formation (8)
-
Sherwood Sandstone (2)
-
Shublik Formation (2)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian (1)
-
Yanchang Formation (8)
-
-
-
Vaca Muerta Formation (5)
-
Yanshanian (4)
-
-
MIS 3 (1)
-
MIS 5 (1)
-
Paleozoic
-
Bedford Shale (1)
-
Berea Sandstone (1)
-
Cambrian
-
Lower Cambrian (3)
-
Middle Cambrian (1)
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Bonneterre Formation (1)
-
Eau Claire Formation (1)
-
Furongian (1)
-
Lamotte Sandstone (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Albert Formation (1)
-
Huanglong Formation (1)
-
Jackfork Group (1)
-
Lower Carboniferous (1)
-
Mississippian
-
Barnett Shale (15)
-
Boone Formation (1)
-
Lower Mississippian
-
Lodgepole Formation (1)
-
Osagian
-
Keokuk Limestone (1)
-
-
-
Price Formation (1)
-
Upper Mississippian
-
Chesterian (1)
-
Meramecian
-
Sainte Genevieve Limestone (2)
-
Salem Limestone (1)
-
Warsaw Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
Namurian (1)
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Lower Pennsylvanian (3)
-
Marble Falls Group (1)
-
Mary Lee Coal (1)
-
Middle Pennsylvanian
-
Atokan
-
Atoka Formation (1)
-
-
Desmoinesian
-
Cherokee Group (1)
-
Marmaton Group (1)
-
-
-
Morrow Formation (2)
-
Pottsville Group (2)
-
Strawn Series (1)
-
Upper Pennsylvanian
-
Missourian
-
Kansas City Group (1)
-
Pleasanton Group (1)
-
-
Virgilian
-
Tonganoxie Sandstone (1)
-
-
-
-
Springer Formation (1)
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Stephanian (1)
-
Westphalian (2)
-
-
Wahoo Limestone (1)
-
-
Catskill Formation (1)
-
Chattanooga Shale (1)
-
Devonian
-
Beaverhill Lake Group (1)
-
Keg River Formation (4)
-
Lower Devonian
-
Oriskany Sandstone (1)
-
-
Middle Devonian
-
Dundee Limestone (1)
-
Elk Point Group (1)
-
Mahantango Formation (1)
-
Marcellus Shale (16)
-
Onondaga Limestone (1)
-
Prairie Evaporite (1)
-
Tully Limestone (1)
-
-
Swan Hills Formation (1)
-
Upper Devonian
-
Canadaway Group (1)
-
Chemung Formation (1)
-
Famennian
-
Wabamun Group (1)
-
-
Frasnian
-
Leduc Formation (4)
-
-
Grosmont Formation (1)
-
Huron Member (1)
-
Nisku Formation (1)
-
-
Waterways Formation (1)
-
-
Exshaw Formation (2)
-
Knox Group (2)
-
Lisburne Group (1)
-
lower Paleozoic (5)
-
Minnelusa Formation (1)
-
New Albany Shale (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician
-
Prairie du Chien Group (2)
-
Tremadocian (1)
-
-
Middle Ordovician
-
Black River Group (1)
-
Platteville Formation (1)
-
Saint Peter Sandstone (2)
-
-
Trenton Group (4)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Caradocian
-
Borrowdale Volcanic Group (1)
-
-
Hirnantian (1)
-
Katian (1)
-
Maquoketa Formation (1)
-
Neda Formation (1)
-
Red River Formation (1)
-
Whitewater Formation (1)
-
Wufeng Formation (3)
-
-
Utica Shale (5)
-
Viola Limestone (1)
-
-
Permian
-
Castile Formation (1)
-
Chase Group (1)
-
Ecca Group (4)
-
Glorieta Sandstone (2)
-
Guadalupian
-
Brushy Canyon Formation (1)
-
Cherry Canyon Formation (1)
-
Delaware Mountain Group (1)
-
Grayburg Formation (1)
-
-
Lower Permian
-
Barakar Stage (1)
-
Cherry Canyon Formation (1)
-
Cisuralian
-
Kungurian (1)
-
-
Leman Sandstone Formation (3)
-
Leonardian
-
Bone Spring Limestone (2)
-
Clear Fork Group (4)
-
-
Qixia Formation (1)
-
Wolfcampian (7)
-
-
Maokou Formation (1)
-
Rotliegendes (7)
-
Shihezi Formation (1)
-
Unayzah Formation (1)
-
Upper Permian
-
Lopingian (1)
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
-
Salado Formation (1)
-
Zechstein (4)
-
-
Vryheid Formation (1)
-
Wellington Formation (1)
-
Whitehill Formation (1)
-
Yates Formation (1)
-
-
Silurian
-
Lower Silurian
-
Llandovery
-
Rhuddanian (1)
-
-
Tuscarora Formation (1)
-
-
Middle Silurian
-
Clinton Group (1)
-
Racine Dolomite (1)
-
-
Niagaran (6)
-
-
Talchir Formation (1)
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Bakken Formation (6)
-
Dwyka Formation (2)
-
-
Woodford Shale (5)
-
-
Phanerozoic (4)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Mesoarchean (1)
-
Neoarchean
-
Dharwar Supergroup (1)
-
Sargur Group (1)
-
-
Paleoarchean (1)
-
Peninsular Gneiss (2)
-
-
Onverwacht Group (1)
-
Stillwater Complex (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Great Oxidation Event (1)
-
Mesoproterozoic (2)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Brioverian (1)
-
Ediacaran (1)
-
Riphean (2)
-
Vendian (4)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic (8)
-
Sinian (1)
-
-
-
Ventersdorp Supergroup (2)
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (1)
-
kimberlite (6)
-
picrite (2)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (2)
-
diabase (4)
-
diorites
-
quartz diorites (1)
-
-
gabbros
-
alkali gabbros
-
teschenite (1)
-
-
norite (1)
-
troctolite (1)
-
-
granites
-
granite porphyry (1)
-
I-type granites (1)
-
leucogranite (1)
-
-
granodiorites (2)
-
pegmatite (5)
-
syenites
-
bostonite (1)
-
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (1)
-
peridotites
-
dunite (1)
-
harzburgite (2)
-
lherzolite (2)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
websterite (1)
-
-
-
-
porphyry (2)
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites (3)
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts (1)
-
flood basalts (2)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (1)
-
shoshonite (1)
-
trap rocks (1)
-
-
dacites (2)
-
glasses
-
volcanic glass (2)
-
-
komatiite (3)
-
pyroclastics
-
hyaloclastite (2)
-
-
rhyolites
-
quartz porphyry (1)
-
-
-
-
volcanic ash (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (1)
-
cataclasites (3)
-
eclogite (1)
-
gneisses
-
biotite gneiss (1)
-
granite gneiss (2)
-
-
granulites (1)
-
hornfels (2)
-
impactites
-
impact breccia
-
suevite (1)
-
-
-
marbles (2)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (1)
-
metabasite (1)
-
serpentinite (1)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks (7)
-
metasomatic rocks
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serpentinite (1)
-
skarn (1)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (2)
-
mylonites
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pseudotachylite (1)
-
ultramylonite (2)
-
-
phyllites (1)
-
schists
-
blueschist (1)
-
greenschist (1)
-
-
slates (2)
-
-
turbidite (15)
-
-
minerals
-
alloys
-
electrum (1)
-
-
arsenides
-
cobaltite (1)
-
-
carbonates
-
ankerite (1)
-
aragonite (2)
-
calcite (12)
-
dolomite (4)
-
siderite (1)
-
vaterite (1)
-
-
halides
-
chlorides (1)
-
fluorides
-
fluorite (2)
-
-
-
hydrates (3)
-
minerals (2)
-
native elements (1)
-
oxides
-
chromite (1)
-
ferrihydrite (1)
-
goethite (1)
-
hematite (3)
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hydroxides (1)
-
ilmenite (1)
-
iron oxides (6)
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lepidocrocite (1)
-
magnetite (6)
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niobates (1)
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pyrolusite (1)
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spinel (1)
-
tantalates (1)
-
titanium oxides (1)
-
uraninite (2)
-
-
phosphates
-
vivianite (1)
-
-
platinum minerals (2)
-
silicates
-
asbestos (1)
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
actinolite (2)
-
tremolite (1)
-
-
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
spodumene (1)
-
-
orthopyroxene (1)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
K-feldspar (1)
-
-
plagioclase (3)
-
-
silica minerals
-
opal
-
opal-A (1)
-
opal-CT (1)
-
-
quartz (12)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
garnet group
-
spessartine (1)
-
-
olivine group
-
olivine (1)
-
-
zircon group
-
zircon (4)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
epidote group
-
epidote (1)
-
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
cordierite (1)
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chlorite (1)
-
-
clay minerals
-
kaolinite (2)
-
nontronite (1)
-
saponite (1)
-
smectite (4)
-
-
corrensite (1)
-
illite (6)
-
mica group
-
biotite (3)
-
phlogopite (1)
-
-
palygorskite (5)
-
sepiolite (1)
-
serpentine group
-
chrysotile (1)
-
serpentine (1)
-
-
talc (2)
-
-
-
sulfates
-
anhydrite (2)
-
barite (1)
-
gypsum (3)
-
iron sulfates (1)
-
-
sulfides
-
chalcocite (1)
-
chalcopyrite (3)
-
cobaltite (1)
-
galena (1)
-
molybdenite (3)
-
nickel sulfides (1)
-
pyrite (7)
-
pyrrhotite (3)
-
-
tungstates
-
scheelite (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (15)
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academic institutions (1)
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Angola
-
Cabinda Angola (1)
-
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Congo (1)
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Equatorial Guinea (1)
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Gabon (2)
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Congo Basin (1)
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East Africa
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Ethiopia (3)
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Ethiopian Rift (1)
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Mozambique
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Tete Mozambique (1)
-
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Sudan (5)
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Tanzania (1)
-
Zambia (3)
-
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East African Lakes
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Lake Tanganyika (1)
-
-
Kufra Basin (1)
-
North Africa
-
Algeria
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Berkine Basin (2)
-
-
Atlas Mountains
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Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (1)
-
-
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Egypt
-
Aswan Egypt
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Kom Ombo Egypt (1)
-
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Eastern Desert (1)
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Nile Delta (2)
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Ghadames Basin (1)
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Libya
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Murzuk Basin (1)
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Sirte Basin (1)
-
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Morocco
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Bou Azzer (1)
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Moroccan Atlas Mountains
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Anti-Atlas (1)
-
-
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Tunisia (10)
-
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Sahara (1)
-
Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (1)
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Botswana (3)
-
Kaapvaal Craton (2)
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Kalahari Craton (1)
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Karoo Basin (7)
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Namibia (2)
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Orange River (1)
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South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (6)
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Cape fold belt (1)
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Eastern Cape Province South Africa (2)
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Gauteng South Africa
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Johannesburg South Africa (1)
-
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Merensky Reef (1)
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Mpumalanga South Africa (2)
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Northern Cape Province South Africa
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Kimberley South Africa (1)
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Transvaal region (1)
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Western Cape Province South Africa (1)
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Witwatersrand (1)
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Zimbabwe (1)
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West Africa
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Benue Valley (1)
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Guinea (1)
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Liberia (2)
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Mali (1)
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Integrated Ocean Drilling Program
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Cnidaria
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Scleractinia
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Mollusca
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Mesozoic
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Mancos Shale (3)
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Cardium Formation (1)
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Fox Hills Formation (1)
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Gulfian
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K-T boundary (3)
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Turonian
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upper Turonian (1)
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Tuscaloosa Formation (2)
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Jurassic
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Bazhenov Formation (4)
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Lower Jurassic
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lower Liassic (1)
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Middle Jurassic
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Posidonia Shale (1)
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Upper Jurassic
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Bossier Formation (2)
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Middle Triassic
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Montney Formation (8)
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Shublik Formation (2)
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Upper Triassic
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Yanchang Formation (8)
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Vaca Muerta Formation (5)
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North America
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Ocean Drilling Program
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Leg 101
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ODP Site 627 (1)
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Leg 110
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ODP Site 671 (1)
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ODP Site 948 (1)
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Leg 160
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ODP Site 967 (1)
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Leg 165
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ODP Site 1000 (1)
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Pacific region
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Paleozoic
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-
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Carboniferous
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Albert Formation (1)
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Lower Carboniferous (1)
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Mississippian
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Barnett Shale (15)
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Lower Mississippian
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Osagian
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Keokuk Limestone (1)
-
-
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Price Formation (1)
-
Upper Mississippian
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Chesterian (1)
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Meramecian
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Salem Limestone (1)
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Warsaw Formation (1)
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-
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Namurian (1)
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Pennsylvanian
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Lower Pennsylvanian (3)
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Marble Falls Group (1)
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Middle Pennsylvanian
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Atokan
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Atoka Formation (1)
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Desmoinesian
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Cherokee Group (1)
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-
-
-
Morrow Formation (2)
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Pottsville Group (2)
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Strawn Series (1)
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Upper Pennsylvanian
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Missourian
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Kansas City Group (1)
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Pleasanton Group (1)
-
-
Virgilian
-
Tonganoxie Sandstone (1)
-
-
-
-
Springer Formation (1)
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Stephanian (1)
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Westphalian (2)
-
-
Wahoo Limestone (1)
-
-
Catskill Formation (1)
-
Chattanooga Shale (1)
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Devonian
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Beaverhill Lake Group (1)
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Keg River Formation (4)
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Lower Devonian
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Oriskany Sandstone (1)
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Middle Devonian
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Dundee Limestone (1)
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Mahantango Formation (1)
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Marcellus Shale (16)
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Onondaga Limestone (1)
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Prairie Evaporite (1)
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Tully Limestone (1)
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Swan Hills Formation (1)
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Upper Devonian
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Canadaway Group (1)
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Chemung Formation (1)
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Famennian
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Wabamun Group (1)
-
-
Frasnian
-
Leduc Formation (4)
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Grosmont Formation (1)
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Huron Member (1)
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Nisku Formation (1)
-
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Waterways Formation (1)
-
-
Exshaw Formation (2)
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Knox Group (2)
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Lisburne Group (1)
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lower Paleozoic (5)
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Minnelusa Formation (1)
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New Albany Shale (1)
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Ordovician
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Lower Ordovician
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Prairie du Chien Group (2)
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Middle Ordovician
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Black River Group (1)
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Platteville Formation (1)
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Saint Peter Sandstone (2)
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Trenton Group (4)
-
Upper Ordovician
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Caradocian
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Borrowdale Volcanic Group (1)
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Hirnantian (1)
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Katian (1)
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Maquoketa Formation (1)
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Neda Formation (1)
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Red River Formation (1)
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Whitewater Formation (1)
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Wufeng Formation (3)
-
-
Utica Shale (5)
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Viola Limestone (1)
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Permian
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Castile Formation (1)
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Chase Group (1)
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Ecca Group (4)
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Glorieta Sandstone (2)
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Guadalupian
-
Brushy Canyon Formation (1)
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Cherry Canyon Formation (1)
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Delaware Mountain Group (1)
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Grayburg Formation (1)
-
-
Lower Permian
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Barakar Stage (1)
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Cherry Canyon Formation (1)
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Cisuralian
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Kungurian (1)
-
-
Leman Sandstone Formation (3)
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Leonardian
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Bone Spring Limestone (2)
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Clear Fork Group (4)
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Qixia Formation (1)
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Wolfcampian (7)
-
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Maokou Formation (1)
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Rotliegendes (7)
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Shihezi Formation (1)
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Unayzah Formation (1)
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Upper Permian
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Lopingian (1)
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Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
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Salado Formation (1)
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Zechstein (4)
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Vryheid Formation (1)
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Whitehill Formation (1)
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Yates Formation (1)
-
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Silurian
-
Lower Silurian
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Llandovery
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Rhuddanian (1)
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Tuscarora Formation (1)
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Middle Silurian
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Clinton Group (1)
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Niagaran (6)
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Talchir Formation (1)
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upper Paleozoic
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Bakken Formation (6)
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Dwyka Formation (2)
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Woodford Shale (5)
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palynology (1)
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Plantae
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plate tectonics (31)
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Precambrian
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Paleoarchean (1)
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Peninsular Gneiss (2)
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
drilling
Research on correlation and cost optimization of the downstream mining operations with rock blasting results Available to Purchase
METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ELECTRICAL LOGGING DATA INTEGRATION FOR INVERSION BASED ON TWO-DIMENSIONAL AXISYMMETRIC FORMATION MODELS Available to Purchase
ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PERMIAN DEEP IGNEOUS ROCKS IN THE NORTHERN TARIM BASIN AND APPLICATION OF WELL LEAKAGE Available to Purchase
Pyrrhotite and Fe-P alloy formed in pseudotachylyte and their implications for seismic environments: Evidence from rock-heating experiments Available to Purchase
Challenges with managing unconventional water production and disposal in the Permian Basin Available to Purchase
Impact of natural fractures on hydraulic fracture propagation in Denver-Julesburg Basin: Insights from a decade of research Available to Purchase
Experimental Study of a Temperature Field in a Shut-in Well in Relation to Determining Behind-the-Casing Flow Using Active Thermometry Available to Purchase
Evaluation of Wellbore Stability by Small Parameter Perturbation Nonlinear Elastoplastic Model Open Access
Rock compositional control on geomechanical properties of the Montney Formation, Western Canadian Basin Available to Purchase
Hydrogeology of southeastern coastal parts of Great Nicobar Island, India: development of an integrated conceptual model for a hitherto unexplored island in the Indian Ocean Available to Purchase
Multilayer 3D seismic attribute analysis and fault framework modeling of shallow extensional fault systems in the Delaware Basin Available to Purchase
Research on the water flooding front based on dynamic and static data inversion – a case study Available to Purchase
Petrophysical characteristics of igneous rocks in the Outboard Browse Basin, North West Shelf of Australia: implications for predicting igneous sequences prior to exploration drilling Available to Purchase
Abstract The Browse Basin is one of Australia's major hydrocarbon provinces, where significant discoveries have been made in recent decades including the Ichthys and Prelude fields, which accounted for ∼15% of the cumulative Australian liquified natural gas (LNG) production in 2019–20. This rift basin hosts extensive Mesozoic intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks, having been identified from both well and seismic data, and which are recognized as one of the key challenges for exploration and production activities in this region. Their impact on petroleum exploration is demonstrated by the number of wells which encountered unpredicted or thicker than expected igneous rock units both within and adjacent to target sections. This study therefore aims to document the reasons of such unexpectedness, and to develop capability to predict the occurrence of igneous rock units prior to drilling in the Browse Basin and other rift settings that contain igneous rocks. Multiple case studies of uncommercial exploration wells are developed by integrating petrophysical and seismic reflection data, focusing in particular along the outboard part of the basin where igneous rocks are most prevalent. Our study highlights the importance of understanding petrophysical, spatial and chemical heterogeneities of igneous rocks in basins to explain their emplacement and distribution, and thereby predict their occurrence prior to exploration and development activities.
Assessing the application of ultradeep azimuthal electromagnetic resistivity tools in detecting igneous formations ahead of the transmitter Available to Purchase
Abstract The Faroe–Shetland basin (FSB) is considered challenging for oil and gas exploration due to its complex geological structure and limited exploration drilling activity. The costs of drilling in the basin are the most expensive within the United Kingdom Continental Shelf (UKCS) due to varying geological and engineering challenges. The prevalence of igneous sill complexes within the basin present drilling hazards that contribute to drilling nonproductive time (NPT) and are documented in multiple studies. Recent advancements in ultradeep azimuthal resistivity (UDAR) technology which utilizes the look-ahead portion of the electromagnetic (EM) signal presents an opportunity to assess its suitability as a derisking tool to ‘look-ahead’ and detect igneous intrusions in volcanic basins. This paper utilizes resistivity log data from Well 214/28-1, which encountered multiple igneous intrusions and is used to validate the ability of these tools to detect the intrusions. The EM look-ahead technology detected with good confidence the top of an igneous intrusion 72 ft (22 m) true vertical depth (TVD) ahead of the transmitter and once drilled, detect the base of the intrusion 54 ft (16 m) TVD ahead of transmitter. The detection of the intrusions prior to drilling and information on intrusion thickness can enable proactive drilling decisions to reduce nonproductive time.
Mapping hydrodynamic structure with sparse or no well data Available to Purchase
Image analysis of acoustic data and interpretation of rock stress orientations for geothermal exploration in Gothenburg borehole GE-1, SW Sweden Open Access
Abstract This study contributes to geothermal exploration in 1660–1520 Ma old, reworked bedrock in Sweden. Our primary objectives are to constrain the orientation of horizontal stresses, and to discuss implications for geothermal exploration. High-resolution acoustic televiewer image data reveal the downhole distribution of stress indicators (borehole breakouts, drilling-induced fractures and petal centreline fractures) and pre-existing structures (natural fractures, foliation). About 135 m of stress indicators are measured from 0.2–1.0 km. The results suggest a uniform NNW–SSE mean maximum horizontal stress orientation. A total of 1525 pre-existing structures (natural fractures, foliation) are mapped in borehole GE-1. The prevailing stress regime controls whether natural fractures and foliation are well-oriented for stimulation. For strike-slip and normal faulting stress regimes, well-oriented fractures steeply dip towards the WSW. For a reverse faulting stress regime, shallow dipping fractures are well-oriented for stimulation. The downhole distribution of stress indicators and other stress measurements in the region and other parts of Fennoscandia tentatively suggest a strike-slip stress regime, but additional studies are needed to constrain the complete stress field at study depth and towards engineered geothermal systems reservoir target depths. Our secondary objective is to highlight that interpretation of high-resolution acoustic data, particularly in metamorphic crystalline rocks, is subjective and that more guidelines for data interpretation are needed. The interactive interpretation of the images is based on visual analyses of complex pre-existing structures and stress indicators with highly variable shapes. The application of three methods for data analyses in the GE-1 borehole proposes that drilling-induced fractures are little influenced by the method applied. Interpretations on individual borehole breakout azimuths may, however, result in over 10° differences in orientation.