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mineral deposits, genesis (33)
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phosphate deposits (2)
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placers (3)
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water resources (1)
-
-
elements, isotopes
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boron
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B-11/B-10 (1)
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (9)
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C-14 (1)
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organic carbon (2)
-
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chemical ratios (2)
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halogens
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fluorine (3)
-
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hydrogen
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D/H (3)
-
-
isotope ratios (55)
-
isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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C-14 (1)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (3)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (3)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (7)
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U-238/Pb-206 (2)
-
-
stable isotopes
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Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
B-11/B-10 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (9)
-
D/H (3)
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
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He-4/He-3 (1)
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (6)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (24)
-
O-18/O-16 (18)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (3)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (3)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
S-33 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (8)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (7)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (17)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (2)
-
-
-
large-ion lithophile elements (1)
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Lu/Hf (2)
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metals
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actinides
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thorium (2)
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uranium
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U-238/Pb-206 (2)
-
-
-
alkali metals
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lithium (3)
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rubidium
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
alkaline earth metals
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barium (1)
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beryllium (1)
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magnesium (2)
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strontium
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (17)
-
-
-
arsenic (1)
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chromium (1)
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cobalt (1)
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copper (2)
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gold (5)
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hafnium
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (6)
-
-
iron
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Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
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ferrous iron (2)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (3)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (3)
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Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
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U-238/Pb-206 (2)
-
-
manganese (1)
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osmium
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Os-188/Os-187 (1)
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palladium (1)
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cerium (1)
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europium (1)
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neodymium
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (24)
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (7)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (7)
-
-
scandium (1)
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yttrium (4)
-
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rhenium (1)
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silver (1)
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tantalum (1)
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zirconium (1)
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-
nitrogen (1)
-
noble gases
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argon
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Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
-
helium
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
-
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (18)
-
-
phosphorus (1)
-
selenium (1)
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sulfur
-
S-33 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (8)
-
-
trace metals (1)
-
-
fossils
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bacteria
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Shewanella
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Shewanella putrefaciens (1)
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-
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borings (4)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Pisces
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Chondrichthyes
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Elasmobranchii
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Neoselachii (1)
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-
Euselachii (1)
-
-
Osteichthyes
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Actinopterygii
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Teleostei (1)
-
-
-
-
Tetrapoda
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Mammalia
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Theria
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Eutheria
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Cetacea (1)
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Proboscidea (1)
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-
-
-
Reptilia
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Anapsida
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Testudines
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Chelonia (1)
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Pleurodira (1)
-
-
-
Diapsida
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Archosauria
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Crocodilia
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Eusuchia
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Crocodylidae (2)
-
-
-
dinosaurs
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Ornithischia
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Ornithopoda
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Hadrosauridae (1)
-
-
-
Saurischia
-
Sauropodomorpha
-
Sauropoda (2)
-
-
Theropoda (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
coprolites (2)
-
cyanobacteria (3)
-
eukaryotes (2)
-
Graptolithina (2)
-
ichnofossils
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Chondrites ichnofossils (1)
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Skolithos (1)
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Teichichnus (1)
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Thalassinoides (1)
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Trypanites (1)
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Zoophycos (1)
-
-
Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Mandibulata
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Crustacea
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Cirripedia (1)
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Ostracoda
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Podocopida
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Cytherocopina
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Cytheracea
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Cyprideis (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Trilobitomorpha
-
Trilobita
-
Agnostida (2)
-
Ptychopariida (2)
-
-
-
-
Brachiopoda (3)
-
Bryozoa (1)
-
Echinodermata
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Echinozoa
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Echinoidea (1)
-
-
-
Mollusca
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Bivalvia (3)
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Cephalopoda
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Ammonoidea
-
Ammonites (1)
-
-
-
Gastropoda (3)
-
Hyolithes (1)
-
-
Protista
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Foraminifera
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Rotaliina
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Rotaliacea
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Nummulitidae
-
Nummulites
-
Operculina (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Thecamoeba (1)
-
-
Vermes
-
scolecodonts (1)
-
-
-
Metazoa (1)
-
microfossils
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Conodonta (2)
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problematic microfossils (3)
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scolecodonts (1)
-
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palynomorphs
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acritarchs (3)
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miospores
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pollen (7)
-
-
-
Plantae
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algae
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Chlorophyta
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Chlorophyceae
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Codiaceae
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Halimeda (1)
-
-
-
-
nannofossils (1)
-
-
Pteridophyta
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Sphenopsida
-
Sphenophyllum (1)
-
-
-
Spermatophyta
-
Angiospermae
-
Dicotyledoneae
-
Fagus (1)
-
-
Monocotyledoneae
-
Palmae (1)
-
-
-
-
-
problematic fossils
-
problematic microfossils (3)
-
-
prokaryotes (1)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
(U-Th)/He (2)
-
Ar/Ar (13)
-
fission-track dating (4)
-
K/Ar (4)
-
Lu/Hf (2)
-
Nd/Nd (2)
-
paleomagnetism (11)
-
Pb/Pb (2)
-
radiation damage (1)
-
Rb/Sr (7)
-
Re/Os (2)
-
Sm/Nd (10)
-
Sr/Sr (1)
-
thermochronology (6)
-
U/Pb (74)
-
U/Th/Pb (3)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Bronze Age (1)
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Iron Age (1)
-
lower Cenozoic (1)
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (1)
-
-
Pleistocene
-
upper Pleistocene (1)
-
-
-
Stone Age
-
Paleolithic (1)
-
-
Tertiary
-
Asmari Formation (1)
-
middle Tertiary (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
middle Miocene (2)
-
upper Miocene
-
Messinian (1)
-
-
-
Pliocene
-
Cimmerian (1)
-
lower Pliocene (2)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
Dammam Formation (1)
-
lower Eocene
-
Ypresian
-
London Clay (2)
-
-
-
middle Eocene
-
Lutetian (1)
-
-
-
Oligocene
-
lower Oligocene (1)
-
-
Paleocene
-
Clayton Formation (1)
-
lower Paleocene
-
Danian (1)
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
-
Midway Group (1)
-
upper Paleocene
-
Thanetian (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Bahariya Formation (1)
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (2)
-
Aptian (2)
-
Barremian (2)
-
Hauterivian (1)
-
Wealden (1)
-
-
Middle Cretaceous (2)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Campanian
-
upper Campanian (1)
-
-
Cenomanian (2)
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
Maestrichtian
-
lower Maestrichtian (1)
-
upper Maestrichtian (1)
-
-
Senonian (5)
-
Turonian (1)
-
-
-
Glen Canyon Group (1)
-
Jurassic
-
Ferrar Group (1)
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Hettangian (1)
-
Toarcian
-
lower Toarcian (1)
-
-
Triassic-Jurassic boundary (1)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Callovian (1)
-
-
San Rafael Group (1)
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Kimmeridgian (2)
-
Morrison Formation (1)
-
Oxfordian (2)
-
Portlandian (1)
-
Tithonian (1)
-
-
-
lower Mesozoic (1)
-
Navajo Sandstone (1)
-
Triassic
-
Lower Triassic (3)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian (1)
-
Chinle Formation (1)
-
Norian (1)
-
Rhaetian (1)
-
Triassic-Jurassic boundary (1)
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (1)
-
-
Moldanubian (1)
-
Paleozoic
-
Acatlan Complex (1)
-
Cambrian
-
Lancara Formation (1)
-
Lower Cambrian
-
Terreneuvian (2)
-
-
Middle Cambrian (2)
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Furongian (3)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Dinantian (1)
-
-
Mississippian
-
Lower Mississippian (1)
-
-
Pennsylvanian (1)
-
Upper Carboniferous (1)
-
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian (2)
-
Middle Devonian (1)
-
Upper Devonian
-
Famennian (1)
-
-
-
Horton Group (1)
-
lower Paleozoic (7)
-
Ordovician
-
Buchans Group (1)
-
Lower Ordovician (2)
-
Middle Ordovician
-
Darriwilian (1)
-
Saint Peter Sandstone (1)
-
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (1)
-
Hirnantian (1)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Coconino Sandstone (1)
-
Lower Permian (3)
-
Middle Permian (1)
-
Upper Permian (2)
-
-
Shoo Fly Complex (1)
-
Silurian
-
Lower Silurian
-
Llandovery (1)
-
Wenlock (1)
-
-
-
upper Paleozoic (3)
-
-
Phanerozoic (3)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Mesoarchean (2)
-
Napier Complex (1)
-
Neoarchean (7)
-
Paleoarchean (2)
-
-
Chuar Group (1)
-
Hadean (1)
-
Luoquan Formation (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Damara System (1)
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Belt Supergroup (1)
-
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Brioverian (1)
-
Cryogenian (6)
-
Ediacaran (7)
-
Marinoan (2)
-
Riphean
-
upper Riphean (1)
-
-
Sturtian (2)
-
Tonian (1)
-
Vendian (2)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Birimian (18)
-
Willyama Supergroup (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Vindhyan (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (5)
-
granophyre (1)
-
picrite (1)
-
plutonic rocks
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anorthosite (2)
-
diabase (2)
-
diorites
-
plagiogranite (2)
-
quartz diorites (2)
-
tonalite (7)
-
trondhjemite (2)
-
-
gabbros
-
norite (1)
-
-
granites
-
alkali granites (2)
-
A-type granites (10)
-
biotite granite (2)
-
charnockite (3)
-
I-type granites (3)
-
leucogranite (8)
-
monzogranite (2)
-
rapakivi (4)
-
S-type granites (4)
-
-
granodiorites (12)
-
ijolite (1)
-
lamprophyres (1)
-
monzonites
-
mangerite (2)
-
-
pegmatite (11)
-
syenites
-
nepheline syenite (1)
-
quartz syenite (1)
-
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites
-
harzburgite (1)
-
-
pyroxenite (2)
-
-
-
porphyry (1)
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (1)
-
andesites (3)
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts (1)
-
flood basalts (3)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (3)
-
tholeiite (3)
-
tholeiitic basalt (1)
-
-
dacites (1)
-
komatiite (1)
-
melilitite (1)
-
nephelinite (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
ignimbrite (3)
-
scoria (1)
-
tuff (2)
-
-
rhyodacites (1)
-
rhyolites (8)
-
trachytes (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (12)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (4)
-
eclogite (5)
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (1)
-
granite gneiss (3)
-
orthogneiss (4)
-
paragneiss (1)
-
-
granulites (4)
-
listwanite (3)
-
metacarbonate rocks (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (2)
-
metagabbro (2)
-
metagranite (2)
-
serpentinite (2)
-
-
metaplutonic rocks (2)
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (3)
-
paragneiss (1)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
serpentinite (2)
-
skarn (6)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (3)
-
migmatites
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anatexite (1)
-
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mylonites
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ultramylonite (1)
-
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phyllites (1)
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quartzites (1)
-
schists
-
blueschist (2)
-
greenstone (1)
-
-
slates (1)
-
-
ophiolite (12)
-
turbidite (3)
-
-
minerals
-
alloys
-
carbides (1)
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electrum (1)
-
phosphides
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schreibersite (1)
-
-
-
arsenates (1)
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (1)
-
-
borates (1)
-
carbonates
-
bastnaesite (3)
-
calcite (3)
-
parisite (2)
-
synchysite (2)
-
-
halides
-
fluorides
-
bastnaesite (3)
-
clinohumite (1)
-
fluorite (2)
-
parisite (2)
-
synchysite (2)
-
-
-
minerals (3)
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molybdates (1)
-
native elements
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diamond (1)
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graphite (1)
-
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onyx (1)
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organic minerals (1)
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oxalates (1)
-
oxides
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armalcolite (1)
-
baddeleyite (1)
-
cassiterite (1)
-
chrome spinel (2)
-
chromite (1)
-
cryptomelane (1)
-
hematite (2)
-
hydroxides
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schoepite (1)
-
-
ilmenite (1)
-
iron oxides (2)
-
niobates
-
betafite (1)
-
columbite (1)
-
fergusonite (1)
-
pyrochlore (1)
-
-
rutile (1)
-
spinel (2)
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spinel group (1)
-
tantalates
-
betafite (1)
-
-
uraninite (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (6)
-
autunite (1)
-
britholite (1)
-
florencite (1)
-
fluorapatite (1)
-
monazite (6)
-
xenotime (2)
-
-
platinum minerals (1)
-
selenides (1)
-
silicates
-
asbestos (1)
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
hornblende (4)
-
pargasite (1)
-
-
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
augite (1)
-
spodumene (1)
-
-
orthopyroxene (3)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
amazonite (1)
-
K-feldspar (1)
-
-
plagioclase (1)
-
-
silica minerals
-
agate (2)
-
chalcedony (1)
-
coesite (2)
-
opal
-
opal-A (1)
-
opal-CT (1)
-
-
quartz (9)
-
-
zeolite group
-
erionite (1)
-
ferrierite (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
britholite group
-
britholite (1)
-
-
chondrodite (1)
-
clinohumite (1)
-
garnet group
-
andradite (1)
-
-
kyanite (1)
-
olivine group
-
fayalite (1)
-
olivine (3)
-
-
staurolite (2)
-
titanite group
-
titanite (1)
-
-
zircon group
-
thorite (1)
-
zircon (60)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
chevkinite group
-
chevkinite (2)
-
perrierite (3)
-
-
epidote group
-
allanite (1)
-
zoisite (1)
-
-
kornerupine (1)
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
beryl (1)
-
emerald (2)
-
tourmaline group
-
dravite (1)
-
elbaite (1)
-
foitite (2)
-
schorl (1)
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chlorite (1)
-
-
clay minerals
-
kaolinite (2)
-
-
illite (2)
-
mica group
-
biotite (2)
-
muscovite (6)
-
phengite (1)
-
phlogopite (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfates
-
anhydrite (2)
-
glauberite (1)
-
gypsum (2)
-
-
sulfides
-
acanthite (1)
-
arsenopyrite (1)
-
chalcopyrite (1)
-
cinnabar (1)
-
mackinawite (1)
-
molybdenite (1)
-
pyrite (6)
-
stibnite (1)
-
troilite (1)
-
-
tellurides
-
coloradoite (1)
-
hessite (1)
-
-
uranium minerals (1)
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (99)
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Angola
-
Cabinda Angola (1)
-
-
Central African Republic (2)
-
Congo (2)
-
Congo Democratic Republic (2)
-
Gabon (3)
-
-
Chad Basin (3)
-
Congo Craton (2)
-
East Africa
-
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