Abstract The Cherry Bend area is astride Arkansas 23 approximately 5 mi (8 km) south of Brashears, Arkansas (Fig. 1, inset), and is immediately north of the east-trending Cass Fault-Monocline System of the northern margin of the Arkoma Basin. Access to the various stops in the Cherry Bend area is from well-maintained forest service roads, and from Arkansas 23, as well as from the Ozark Highland Trail that transects the area from west to east (Fig. 1). The area is contained entirely within the Cass 7½-minute Quadrangle.

Abstract Elements of the sedimentology and structural geology of two of the most prominent lithologic units in the Arkansas Ouachitas, the Arkansas Novaculite (Devonian-Mississippian), and the Stanley Shale (Mississippian), are illustrated along a 6.1 mi (9.8 km) highway traverse between the village of Glenwood and Caddo Gap, Arkansas. The outcrops described below serve as an introduction to the two broad facies groups present in the Ouachita Mountains and to the structural style that dominates major parts of the range.

The Upper Cretaceous strata of the Gulf Coast region of México, Texas, and southwestern Arkansas contain rich, abundant, well-preserved, and, hitherto, poorly studied assemblages of planktonic foraminifera. The rapid evolution and cosmopolitan nature of these planktonic microfossils make them an ideal biostratigraphic tool for the development of detailed, long-distance systems of zonation. In the present report, the planktonic foraminifera have been utilized to subdivide the Upper Cretaceous of the western Gulf Coast region into the following biostratigraphic units: (1) The Rotalipora s.s. Assemblage Zone: Rotalipora evoluta Subzone to Rotalipora cushmani - greenhornensis Subzone. Late Washitian to early Eagle-fordian (early to late Cenomanian). (2) The Marginotruncana helvetica Assemblage Zone: Marginotruncana sigali Subzone to Whiteinella archaeocretacea Subzone. Middle to late Eagle-fordian (early to late Turonian). (3) The Marginotruncana renzi Assemblage Zone: Early Austinian (Coniacian). (4) The Globotruncana bulloides Assemblage Zone: Marginotruncana concavata Subzone to Globotruncana fornicata Subzone. Middle to late Austinian (early to late Santonian). (5) The Globotruncana fornicata—stuartiformis Assemblage Zone: Archaeoglobigerina blowi Subzone (Dictyomitra multicostata Zonule to Planoglobulina glabrata Zonule); Globotruncana elevata Subzone (Pseudotextularia elegans Zonule to Globotruncana calcarata Zonule); and Rugotruncana subcircumnodifer Subzone ( Globotruncana lapparenti s.s. Zonule to Rugotruncana subpennyi Zonule). Archaeoglobigerina blowi Subzone = early Taylorian (early Campanian); Globotruncana elevata Subzone = late Taylorian (late Campanian); and Rugotruncana subcircumnodifer Subzone = early Navarroan (early Maestrichtian). (6) The Globotruncana contusa — stuartiformis Assemblage Zone: Globotruncana gansseri Subzone to Abathomphalus mayaroensis Subzone. Middle to late Navarroan (middle to late Maestrichtian). This system of zonation is based (1) on the association of diagnostic taxa at given stratigraphic horizons; (2) the range zones and concurrent range zones of the various taxa; (3) the relative abundance of important taxa at various stratigraphic horizons; and (4) the phylogeny and evolution of Upper Cretaceous planktonic foraminifera. It has become established through the analysis of more than 1000 fossiliferous samples from the surface and sub-surface in both the western part of the Gulf Coast region and in the Caribbean region. Where possible, samples were collected within the framework of measured sections of the lithic units under study. Samples for planktonic foraminifera were collected as far south in the western Gulf Coast region as the approximate latitude of Tampico, México (22° north latitude) and as far north as Brownstown, Sevier County, Arkansas (34° north latitude). At a given stratigraphic horizon, such as the Globotruncana elevata Subzone, there are few species of planktonic foraminifera that do not occur in both the Tethyan faunal province and southern part of the Boreal faunal province. In most cases planktonic species that do not occur in both areas are new species, whose stratigraphic and geographic distribution are yet unknown. The present study indicates that the above-mentioned system of zonation is applicable at the zonule level at least as far north as the latitude of Brownstown, Arkansas. Furthermore, Olsson’s (1964) work in New Jersey and investigations in progress in California by the writer, Douglas, and others suggest that the system of zonation introduced here can be applied at the subzone level as far as 40° north latitude in eastern North America and as far as 34° north latitude in western North America. One of the chief by-products of this study is the creation of a regional correlation chart for the Upper Cretaceous of the western Gulf Coast region that is based on planktonic-foraminiferal zonation. Accurate biostratigraphic dating of lithic units in eastern México utilizing planktonic foraminifera indicates that a number of formational units are time transgressive from north to south. Units like the San Felipe Formation and Agua Nueva Formation are considerably older in northern México near Monterrey than they are in southern México near Tampico. The present study has yielded few radical changes in the dating of lithic units in Texas and Arkansas previously established on the basis of megafossils (Stephenson and others, 1942). Notable among these changes are Navarroan ages for the Upson Clay and San Miguel Formation of the Rio Grande area of Texas (approximate latitude of Eagle Pass) and all, but perhaps, the lowermost part of the Marlbrook Marl of Arkansas. Correlation with the type-European Upper Cretaceous stages is rendered difficult (1) by the imprecise and often obsolete definition of the stages in their type areas and (2) by a lack of accurate data concerning the stratigraphic distribution of planktonic foraminifera in the type sections of the stages. The first of these problems affects all Upper Cretaceous biostratigraphy irregardless of the group of organisms used for correlation. It can perhaps only be solved by an international stratigraphic commission chosen to modernize the definition of the European stages. The second problem can be solved by detailed sampling of strata included in the type sections of each European stage for planktonic foraminifera. Until a detailed reanalysis of the majority of the type-European stages is made, the writer prefers to use North American stage names — particularly those of the standard Gulf Coast section. European stage names are used in this report only in a tentative way. The Eaglefordian Stage of the standard Gulf Coast Upper Cretaceous section has been subdivided into 3 new substages: (1) the Lozierian; (2) the Bocian; and (3) the Sycamorian. The Boquillas Formation in Val Verde and Terrell Counties, Texas, has been subdivided into a lower unit termed the Rock Pens Member and an upper unit termed the Langtry Member. The terms Ateo Chalk and Bruceville Chalk Marl , first used informally by Durham (1957), have been formally introduced here.

Abstract Hydrocarbons have been identified at several localities along the 2092 km length of the Ouachita trend. By far the greatest concentration of occurrences is in southeastern Oklahoma and adjacent parts of north Texas and western Arkansas (Fig. 1). A few deep wells in central Texas have encountered showings of asphaltic material; one has encountered a small flow of natural gas. In the west Texas portion of the Ouachita belt there are two small oil fields and a three-well gas field (Diemer and others, 1980; Gaines and others, 1982). Some oil in shallow wells and bituminous layers in outcrops have been reported in the Marathon Basin of far west Texas (King, 1937). At the eastern end of the Ouachita belt, in eastern Arkansas, Mississippi, and western Alabama, there are no reports of hydrocarbons. In that large area, however, there is only a handful of deep wells and, of course, no surface exposures.