... sublacustrine springs. The mushroom-shaped masses are composed of concentrically arranged lithoid, dendritic, and thinolitic tufa with the core usually lithoid and the dendritic, and thinolitic layers alternating concentrically outward. The tufa is shown here to be formed as the result of mixing waters...

...D. J. SHEARMAN; A. McGUGAN; C. STEIN; A. J. SMITH Abstract The thinolites in the Quaternary tufas and tufa mounds of the Lahontan and Mono Lake basins of the western United States are identified as being pseudomorphous after crystals of the mineral ikaite, CaCO 3 ̇6H 2 O. Ikaite is a metastable...

...Figure 1. (A) Map of the Mono Lake study area (California, USA) adapted from Benson et al. (1990) . Red box indicates location of (B) Google Earth™ map; stars depict sampling locations. (C) Field image of paleo tufa tower with thinolite tufas. (D) Example of intact thinolite tufas from paleo...

...Fig. 5.— Thinolite tufa. A) Large radiating thinolite pseudomorphs (Pyramid Lake); notebook is 19 cm long. B) Horizontal cross section through a large pseudomorph revealing the reticulate interior structure and porosity (Pyramid Lake); note the pyramidal terminations at the top...

...Ian P. Swainson; Robert P. Hammond Abstract Neutron diffraction results are linked to the pre-diffraction, morphological crystallography of E.S. Dana to show that ikaite is the precursor of “glendonite” and “thinolite” and that some of the unusual features of the morphology can easily be explained...

... the sediments were relatively uncompacted and soft, and hence are displacive, readily mistaken for molds and casts of pre-existing halite and/or thinolite (ikaite). A second form of early aragonite is found in more evaporative sediments of the Newark Basin (Passaic Formation), developed as pseudomorphic...

... from pseudomorphs (and thinolitic tufa). GeoRef, Copyright 2006, American Geological Institute. 1994 ...

... ). The calcite pseudomorphs in the travertine are nearly identical to thinolite described by many workers in the western Great Basin, United States. Shearman and Smith (1985) and Shearman et al. (1989) interpreted these pseudomorphs to have formed after ikaite; ikaite currently forms over submarine springs...

... , J.L. , Fitzpatrick , J.A. , and Rosenbauer , R.J. , 1992 , The solubility and stabilization of ikaite (CaCO 3 ·6H 2 O) from 0° to 25°C: Environmental and paleoclimatic implications for thinolite tufa : Journal of Geology , v. 101 p. 21 - 33 . Buchardt , B. , Seaman , P...

..., jarrowite, opal pineapples, pseudogaylussite, thinolite, and White Sea hornlets, have also been used. Glendonites have been recognized from many localities in strata ranging from Precambrian ( Johnston 1995 ; James et al. 2005 ) to Recent ( Table 1 ). They are an important climate proxy and have been...

... for thinolite tufa : The Journal of Geology , v. 101 , p. 21 – 33 , doi:10.1086/648194. Brandley , R.T. , and Krause , F.F. , 1994 , Thinolite-type pseudomorphs after ikaite: Indicators of cold water on the subequatorial western margin of Lower Carboniferous North America , in Embry...