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sudburyite

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Journal Article
Published: 01 January 1974
The Canadian Mineralogist (1974) 12 (4): 275–279.
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Plane-polarized reflected-light photomicrographs showing the mode of occurrence of the PGM (in additional relationships with sulfides to complement the findings of Olivo and Theyer, 2004). (A) Massive chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite vein with Te-rich sudburyite included within chalcopyrite. (B) Massive pyrrhotite with coarse cubic pyrite grains; sudburyite (red circle) is included within pyrite, and Te-rich sudburyite occurs within pyrrhotite. (C) Massive pyrrhotite with coarse, corroded, cubic pyrite and minor irregular chalcopyrite; temagamite (red circle) is included within pyrrhotite. (D) Massive chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite with Te-rich sudburyite grains and a Te-rich sudburyite-sperrylite composite grain (red circle) along chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite boundary. (E) Disseminated sulfides within chlorite-actinolite schist; Te-rich sudburyite is included within chlorite and Te-rich sudburyite-sperrylite composite grain occurs along the chalcopyrite-chlorite boundary. (F) Disseminated chalcopyrite within chlorite-actinolite schist; sudburyite is included within chlorite. (G) Raggedly disseminated sulfides occur with Te-rich sudburyite along chalcopyrite-chlorite boundary or replacing chalcopyrite. (H) Blebby disseminated sulfides with Te-rich sudburyite almost entirely included within chlorite; Te-rich sudburyite-sperrylite composite grain (red circle) at the margin of or replacing chalcopyrite. Act = actinolite, Ccp = chalcopyrite, Chl = chlorite, Po = pyrrhotite, Py = pyrite, Spy = sperrylite, Sd = sudburyite, Te-Sd = Te-rich sudburyite, Tmg = temagamite.
Published: 01 December 2010
Fig. 10 Plane-polarized reflected-light photomicrographs showing the mode of occurrence of the PGM (in additional relationships with sulfides to complement the findings of Olivo and Theyer, 2004 ). (A) Massive chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite vein with Te-rich sudburyite included within chalcopyrite
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A. Secondary electron image of composite grains of telluroan sudburyite with temagamite and merenskyite (large grain in the center), sudburyite with temagamite (on the left side) and a grain of merenskyite (mantling a biotite lath; in the upper center). B. Scale of relative concentrations of the elements. C–F. Element-distribution maps for Pd, Sb, Te and Hg: note the enrichment in Hg and depletion in Sb and Te in telluroan sudburyite close to the temagamite grains. These minerals are shown under incident light in Figure 4G. Symbols: Mrk: merenskyite, Sd: subburyite, Te–Sd: telluroan sudburyite, Tmg: temagamite).
Published: 01 April 2004
F ig . 5. A. Secondary electron image of composite grains of telluroan sudburyite with temagamite and merenskyite (large grain in the center), sudburyite with temagamite (on the left side) and a grain of merenskyite (mantling a biotite lath; in the upper center). B. Scale of relative
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Back-scattered electron microscope images. a) Sperrylite, euhedral where it is enclosed in chalcopyrite. Note the irregular edge of the sperrylite where it is in contact with actinolite–tremolite. b) Altered silicate (actinolite–tremolite) traversing sperrylite and pyrrhotite. c) Irregular composite grain of sperrylite and sudburyite enclosed in biotite and calcite. d) Irregular sudburyite at the boundary between pyrrhotite and dolomite. e) Typical association of sudburyite with maucherite (NiAs). f) Merenskyite enclosed within dolomite. Symbols as in Figure 2.
Published: 01 April 2004
) Irregular composite grain of sperrylite and sudburyite enclosed in biotite and calcite. d) Irregular sudburyite at the boundary between pyrrhotite and dolomite. e) Typical association of sudburyite with maucherite (NiAs). f) Merenskyite enclosed within dolomite. Symbols as in Figure 2 .
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X-ray images of two composite PGM grains of differing compositions from those identified by Olivo and Theyer, 2004. High concentrations are shown in red, low values are shown in blue. (A) Composite PGM grain made up of sudburyite (represented by high Pd values), Te-rich sudburyite (represented by high Te values), and sperrylite (represented by high Pt values). (B) Composite palladium mineral grain consisting of temagamite (represented by high Te values) and sudburyite (represented by high Sb values).
Published: 01 December 2010
Fig. 11 X-ray images of two composite PGM grains of differing compositions from those identified by Olivo and Theyer, 2004 . High concentrations are shown in red, low values are shown in blue. (A) Composite PGM grain made up of sudburyite (represented by high Pd values), Te-rich sudburyite
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BSE images of early gold–telluride–palladium mineral assemblage. a–c, Inclusions in pyrrhotite: a, gold, b, altaite; d–f, inclusions in the interstices of rock-forming minerals: d, sperrylite, e, Au-containing sudburyite of early assemblage, f, gold and testibiopalladite; g, Raman spectra (notch filter = 83–85 cm–1) of sudburyite and testibiopalladite. Au, gold; Alt, altaite; Gn, galena; Hes, hessite; Ab, albite; Spy, sperrylite; Sdb, sudburyite; Tsp, testibiopalladite; Chl, chlorite; Qtz, quartz; Po, pyrrhotite; Hbl, hornblende; Czo, clinozoicite.
Published: 01 March 2020
Fig. 7. BSE images of early gold–telluride–palladium mineral assemblage. a–c , Inclusions in pyrrhotite: a , gold, b , altaite; d–f , inclusions in the interstices of rock-forming minerals: d , sperrylite, e , Au-containing sudburyite of early assemblage, f , gold and testibiopalladite; g
Journal Article
Published: 01 April 2004
The Canadian Mineralogist (2004) 42 (2): 485–497.
...) Irregular composite grain of sperrylite and sudburyite enclosed in biotite and calcite. d) Irregular sudburyite at the boundary between pyrrhotite and dolomite. e) Typical association of sudburyite with maucherite (NiAs). f) Merenskyite enclosed within dolomite. Symbols as in Figure 2 . ...
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Journal Article
Published: 01 April 2002
The Canadian Mineralogist (2002) 40 (2): 651–669.
... – moncheite, (2) testibiopalladite – michenerite, (3) sudburyite – kotulskite – sobolevskite – (Ni,Pd)(Te,Sb,Bi) 1+ x (palladoan imgreite – palladoan melonite), and (4) breithauptite – sudburyite. The associated PGM and PGE-bearing phases are sperrylite, stibiopalladinite or mertieite II (or both), geversite...
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Backscattered scanning electron microscope images of PGM. A.–F. Examples of PdSb from the most Pd enriched (9 ppm) sample from WBD095A, showing the association with nickeline and gersdorffite with sudburyite commonly at the junction of these two minerals. (C) shows sudburyite mobilization along fractures in gersdorffite. (D) and (E) show the common association of sudburyite with gold. (G) shows sudburyite in association with carbonate from WBD024. (H) shows the presence of gold within nickeline with gersdorffite, from WBD095A. (I) shows sperrylite enclosed in quartz from WBD037 and (J) shows sperrylite enclosed in chalcopyrite from WBD095A. (K)–(N) show zoned gersdorffite from WBD100 (K) and WBD081 (L–N). (K) contains a patch of gersdorffite enriched in Pt and Ir, surrounded by PGE-poor gersdorffite. (L)–(N) contain irarsite associated with Rh- and Os-bearing gersdorffite that is Co and Fe poor relative to the surrounding PGE-poor gersdorffite. The gersdorffite is perfectly euhedral in (M) but appears corroded in (K), (L) and (N) with the irarsite also appearing to have been corroded in (N). These gersdorffites are surrounded by pentlandite, pyrrhotite, and pyrite. Abbreviations: Au = gold, Ccp = chalcopyrite, Cpx = clinopyroxene, Gdf = gersdorffite, IrAsS = irarsite, Mgt = magnetite, Nc = nickeline, PdSb = sudburyite, Pn = pentlandite, Po = pyrrhotite, Py = pyrite, Qtz = quartz, Si = silicate. Numbers in brackets, e.g., (Fe 4.1, Co 6.4, Ir 7.1, Pt 1.2) are in wt %.
Published: 01 December 2013
Fig. 10 Backscattered scanning electron microscope images of PGM. A.–F. Examples of PdSb from the most Pd enriched (9 ppm) sample from WBD095A, showing the association with nickeline and gersdorffite with sudburyite commonly at the junction of these two minerals. (C) shows sudburyite mobilization
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Backscattered scanning electron microscope images of PGM. A.–F. Examples of PdSb from the most Pd enriched (9 ppm) sample from WBD095A, showing the association with nickeline and gersdorffite with sudburyite commonly at the junction of these two minerals. (C) shows sudburyite mobilization along fractures in gersdorffite. (D) and (E) show the common association of sudburyite with gold. (G) shows sudburyite in association with carbonate from WBD024. (H) shows the presence of gold within nickeline with gersdorffite, from WBD095A. (I) shows sperrylite enclosed in quartz from WBD037 and (J) shows sperrylite enclosed in chalcopyrite from WBD095A. (K)–(N) show zoned gersdorffite from WBD100 (K) and WBD081 (L–N). (K) contains a patch of gersdorffite enriched in Pt and Ir, surrounded by PGE-poor gersdorffite. (L)–(N) contain irarsite associated with Rh- and Os-bearing gersdorffite that is Co and Fe poor relative to the surrounding PGE-poor gersdorffite. The gersdorffite is perfectly euhedral in (M) but appears corroded in (K), (L) and (N) with the irarsite also appearing to have been corroded in (N). These gersdorffites are surrounded by pentlandite, pyrrhotite, and pyrite. Abbreviations: Au = gold, Ccp = chalcopyrite, Cpx = clinopyroxene, Gdf = gersdorffite, IrAsS = irarsite, Mgt = magnetite, Nc = nickeline, PdSb = sudburyite, Pn = pentlandite, Po = pyrrhotite, Py = pyrite, Qtz = quartz, Si = silicate. Numbers in brackets, e.g., (Fe 4.1, Co 6.4, Ir 7.1, Pt 1.2) are in wt %.
Published: 01 December 2013
Fig. 10 Backscattered scanning electron microscope images of PGM. A.–F. Examples of PdSb from the most Pd enriched (9 ppm) sample from WBD095A, showing the association with nickeline and gersdorffite with sudburyite commonly at the junction of these two minerals. (C) shows sudburyite mobilization
Journal Article
Published: 01 April 2004
The Canadian Mineralogist (2004) 42 (2): 667–681.
...F ig . 5. A. Secondary electron image of composite grains of telluroan sudburyite with temagamite and merenskyite (large grain in the center), sudburyite with temagamite (on the left side) and a grain of merenskyite (mantling a biotite lath; in the upper center). B. Scale of relative...
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Journal Article
Published: 01 August 2001
The Canadian Mineralogist (2001) 39 (4): 979–996.
... and are currently being mined. Magnesiochromite compositions in the lodes are refractory and show little variation within the ultramafic suite (Cr 2 O 3 ~60%, Al 2 O 3 ~12%, MgO ~15%). Sudburyite, (Pd,Bi)Sb, members of the michenerite–testibiopalladite series, and irarsite–hollingworthite (IrAsS–RhAsS...
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Scanning electron microscope images of PGM. A. Euhedral crystal of sperrylite (white) at the grain boundary between apatite (Ap) and amphibole (Am). Bottom left: ferrian chromite (FeCr). B. Cluster of several grains of sudburyite (white) in a silicate matrix (albite and mica, occurring as needles). C. “Exsolution” of sudburyite (grey) in ferrian chromite (FeCr) with chalcopyrite (Cp). D. “Exsolution” of sudburyite (grey) in ferrian chromite. E. Several PGM (mertieite, geversite: white) in a silicate matrix (black) of ferrian chromite (FeCr). F. PGM (geversite and two-phase geversite–sperrylite grain) in a fractured crystal of chromite (Cr); silicate matrix (black) contains trail of chalcopyrite (Cp).
Published: 01 April 2002
F ig . 8. Scanning electron microscope images of PGM. A. Euhedral crystal of sperrylite (white) at the grain boundary between apatite (Ap) and amphibole (Am). Bottom left: ferrian chromite (FeCr). B. Cluster of several grains of sudburyite (white) in a silicate matrix (albite and mica, occurring
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Scanning electron microscope images of PGM. A. Euhedral crystal of sperrylite (white) at the grain boundary between apatite (Ap) and amphibole (Am). Bottom left: ferrian chromite (FeCr). B. Cluster of several grains of sudburyite (white) in a silicate matrix (albite and mica, occurring as needles). C. “Exsolution” of sudburyite (grey) in ferrian chromite (FeCr) with chalcopyrite (Cp). D. “Exsolution” of sudburyite (grey) in ferrian chromite. E. Several PGM (mertieite, geversite: white) in a silicate matrix (black) of ferrian chromite (FeCr). F. PGM (geversite and two-phase geversite–sperrylite grain) in a fractured crystal of chromite (Cr); silicate matrix (black) contains trail of chalcopyrite (Cp).
Published: 01 April 2002
F ig . 8. Scanning electron microscope images of PGM. A. Euhedral crystal of sperrylite (white) at the grain boundary between apatite (Ap) and amphibole (Am). Bottom left: ferrian chromite (FeCr). B. Cluster of several grains of sudburyite (white) in a silicate matrix (albite and mica, occurring
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Compositional variation of the sudburyite – kotulskite – sobolevskite solid solution in the Wellgreen deposit. Results of 43 analyses of sudburyite, kotulskite and sobolevskite and of 59 analyses of phases of the type Me(Te,Sb,Bi)1+x are projected onto the Te–Bi–Sb ternary (atomic proportions).
Published: 01 April 2002
F ig . 3. Compositional variation of the sudburyite – kotulskite – sobolevskite solid solution in the Wellgreen deposit. Results of 43 analyses of sudburyite, kotulskite and sobolevskite and of 59 analyses of phases of the type Me (Te,Sb,Bi) 1+ x are projected onto the Te–Bi–Sb ternary
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Scanning electron microscope images of PGM. A. Image showing the relationships between PGM (geversite, white) and secondary chalcopyrite (Cp) in silicates (black). B. PGM (white) in fractured ferrian chromite (FeCr) with a silicate matrix (black). C. Large crystal of malanite containing inclusions of an undetermined PGM (dark grey) and an undetermined silicate (black laths). D. Complex three-phase PGM composed of Un3 (Ag-rich phase), sudburyite (Su) and Un2. E. Uncommon “concretion” with a center of pentlandite (Pn) and cobaltite–gersdorffite (Gl) and a rim of sperrylite with a weathered aspect (Sp) and sudburyite (Su). F. Uncommon “concretion” with a center of pentlandite (Pn) and ullmannite (Ul) and a rim of sperrylite (Sp) and sudburyite (Su).
Published: 01 April 2002
containing inclusions of an undetermined PGM (dark grey) and an undetermined silicate (black laths). D. Complex three-phase PGM composed of Un3 (Ag-rich phase), sudburyite (Su) and Un2. E. Uncommon “concretion” with a center of pentlandite (Pn) and cobaltite–gersdorffite (Gl) and a rim of sperrylite
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Scanning electron microscope images of PGM. A. Image showing the relationships between PGM (geversite, white) and secondary chalcopyrite (Cp) in silicates (black). B. PGM (white) in fractured ferrian chromite (FeCr) with a silicate matrix (black). C. Large crystal of malanite containing inclusions of an undetermined PGM (dark grey) and an undetermined silicate (black laths). D. Complex three-phase PGM composed of Un3 (Ag-rich phase), sudburyite (Su) and Un2. E. Uncommon “concretion” with a center of pentlandite (Pn) and cobaltite–gersdorffite (Gl) and a rim of sperrylite with a weathered aspect (Sp) and sudburyite (Su). F. Uncommon “concretion” with a center of pentlandite (Pn) and ullmannite (Ul) and a rim of sperrylite (Sp) and sudburyite (Su).
Published: 01 April 2002
containing inclusions of an undetermined PGM (dark grey) and an undetermined silicate (black laths). D. Complex three-phase PGM composed of Un3 (Ag-rich phase), sudburyite (Su) and Un2. E. Uncommon “concretion” with a center of pentlandite (Pn) and cobaltite–gersdorffite (Gl) and a rim of sperrylite
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Photomicrographs of the PGM from the McBratney occurrence (incident light). A. Borovskite euhedral crystal included in pyrite, which is surrounded by chalcopyrite. B. Borovskite – temagamite – merenskyite composite grain included in chalcopyrite. C. Borovskite–sperrylite composite grains include in chalcopyrite. D. Borovskite–coloradoite composite grain included in chalcopyrite. E. Sudburyite included in chalcopyrite. Note that chalcopyrite also contains inclusions of pyrite and nickeloan pyrite and is replaced by cobaltite–gersdorffite. F. Corroded grain of sudburyite included in cobaltite–gersdorffite; The latter fills corroded zones in pyrite, pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite. Note that in the upper part, millerite has replaced pyrrhotite. G. Composite grain of telluroan sudburyite – merenkyite – temagamite in contact with biotite, chalcopyrite and altered pyrrhotite. Note the presence of a small grain of merenskyite mantling a lath of biotite. H. Composite grain of unknown PGE with sperrylite included in dolomite. Bt: biotite, Bvk: borovskite, Cbt: cobaltite–gersdorffite, Ccp: chalcopyrite, Cld: coloradoite, Dol: dolomite, Mlt: millerite, Mrk: merenskyite, Ni–Py: nickeloan pyrite, Pd–Te–Sb: unknown Pd telluride–antimonide, Pn: pentlandite, Po: pyrrhotite, Py: pyrite, Sd: subburyite, Spy: sperrylite, Te–Sd: telluroan sudburyite, Tmg: temagamite.
Published: 01 April 2004
grains include in chalcopyrite. D. Borovskite–coloradoite composite grain included in chalcopyrite. E. Sudburyite included in chalcopyrite. Note that chalcopyrite also contains inclusions of pyrite and nickeloan pyrite and is replaced by cobaltite–gersdorffite. F. Corroded grain of sudburyite included
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Platinum group minerals. A. Anhedral sperrylite grain hosted by silicates; B. Subhedral sperrylite grain hosted by chalcopyrite; C. Sudburyite associated with altaite attached to chalcopyrite; D. The biggest patches of PGM found, containing various palladium-intermetallic compounds associated with altaite, hessite, and electrum; E. Sudburyite, sperrylite, and chalcopyrite hosted by silicates; F. Rare occurrence of an Rh-As-S phase hosted by chalcopyrite. Cp = chalcopyrite.
Published: 01 March 2016
Fig. 5 Platinum group minerals. A. Anhedral sperrylite grain hosted by silicates; B. Subhedral sperrylite grain hosted by chalcopyrite; C. Sudburyite associated with altaite attached to chalcopyrite; D. The biggest patches of PGM found, containing various palladium-intermetallic compounds
Journal Article
Journal: Economic Geology
Published: 01 December 2013
Economic Geology (2013) 108 (8): 1903–1921.
...Fig. 10 Backscattered scanning electron microscope images of PGM. A.–F. Examples of PdSb from the most Pd enriched (9 ppm) sample from WBD095A, showing the association with nickeline and gersdorffite with sudburyite commonly at the junction of these two minerals. (C) shows sudburyite mobilization...
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