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Format
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Journal
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Section
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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Central Africa
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Angola (1)
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Congo Craton (2)
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East Africa
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Ethiopia
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Awash Valley (1)
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Kenya
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Kenya Rift valley (1)
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Lake Magadi (1)
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Lake Natron (1)
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Malawi (1)
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Somali Republic (1)
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Sudan (1)
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Tanzania (10)
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Zambia (2)
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East African Lakes
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Lake Magadi (1)
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Lake Natron (1)
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Lake Tanganyika (2)
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East African Rift (5)
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Limpopo Basin (1)
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Madagascar
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North Africa
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Atlas Mountains
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High Atlas (1)
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Egypt
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Libya
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Morocco
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Tunisia (3)
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Nubian Shield (2)
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Sahara (1)
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Southern Africa
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Barberton greenstone belt (4)
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Botswana
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Okavango Delta (1)
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Kaapvaal Craton (18)
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Orange River (1)
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South Africa
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Bushveld Complex (3)
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Cape fold belt (2)
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Eastern Cape Province South Africa (2)
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Free State South Africa (2)
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KwaZulu-Natal South Africa (2)
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Mpumalanga South Africa
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Barberton Mountain Land (1)
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Murchison greenstone belt (1)
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West Africa
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Arctic Ocean
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Arctic region
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Japan
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Korea
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Lesser Sunda Islands
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Timor
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Mongolia
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Philippine Islands
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Taiwan (4)
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Indian Peninsula
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Ganges River basin (1)
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India
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Gujarat India
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Raniganj coal field (2)
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Yamuna River (2)
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Nepal (4)
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Pakistan
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Salt Range (3)
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Potwar Plateau (3)
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Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (4)
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Irkutsk Russian Federation (2)
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Karakoram (2)
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Kemerovo Russian Federation
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Iran
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Iraq (4)
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Jordan (2)
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Zagros (12)
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Qiangtang Terrane (2)
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Salair Ridge (2)
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Siberia (13)
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Anabar Shield (2)
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Siwalik Range (2)
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Sri Lanka (2)
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Tajikistan
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Tajik Depression (1)
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Tibetan Plateau (34)
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Tien Shan
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Karatau Range (1)
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Yakutia Russian Federation
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Zabaykalskiy Russian Federation (1)
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Atlantic Ocean
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North Atlantic
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New Zealand
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Russian Federation
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Yakutia Russian Federation
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Highland region Scotland
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Moine thrust zone (3)
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Yaroslavl Russian Federation (1)
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International Ocean Discovery Program (3)
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North America
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Basin and Range Province
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Taltson magmatic zone (2)
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Rocky Mountains foreland (15)
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Honolulu County Hawaii
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Oahu
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-
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Maui County Hawaii
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Maui
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Haleakala (1)
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Mauna Loa (1)
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-
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ODP Site 642 (1)
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Pacific Coast (7)
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Cascadia Basin (3)
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Mendocino fracture zone (3)
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-
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North Pacific
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Northeast Pacific
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Cascadia Basin (3)
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Gulf of California (5)
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Mendocino fracture zone (3)
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Northwest Pacific
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Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
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South China Sea
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Zhujiangkou Basin (2)
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Yellow Sea
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Bohai Bay (5)
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-
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Pacific Basin (1)
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South Pacific
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Bismarck Sea
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Manus Basin
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PACMANUS hydrothermal field (1)
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Coral Sea
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Marion Plateau (1)
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Gulf of Carpentaria (2)
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Tasman Sea (1)
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West Pacific
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Northwest Pacific
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Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
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Mariana Trench (1)
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Nankai Trough (1)
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Shatsky Rise (2)
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South China Sea
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Gulf of Thailand (2)
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Qiongdongnan Basin (1)
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Yinggehai Basin (2)
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Zhujiangkou Basin (2)
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-
Yellow Sea
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Bohai Sea
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Bohai Bay (5)
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-
-
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Southwest Pacific
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Bismarck Sea
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Manus Basin
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PACMANUS hydrothermal field (1)
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-
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Coral Sea
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Marion Plateau (1)
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Gulf of Carpentaria (2)
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Tasman Sea (1)
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-
-
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Pacific region
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Circum-Pacific region (2)
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Papuan fold belt (1)
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polar regions (1)
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South America
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Andes
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-
Golden Valley County North Dakota (1)
-
McHenry County North Dakota (1)
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McKenzie County North Dakota (4)
-
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Morton County North Dakota (2)
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Slope County North Dakota (9)
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Stark County North Dakota (3)
-
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Ogallala Aquifer (1)
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Ohio
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Athens County Ohio
-
Athens Ohio (1)
-
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Clinton County Ohio (1)
-
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Ohio River basin (1)
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Oklahoma
-
Arbuckle Uplift (1)
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-
Canadian County Oklahoma (1)
-
Carter County Oklahoma (1)
-
Cherokee County Oklahoma (1)
-
Cimarron County Oklahoma (1)
-
Comanche County Oklahoma (2)
-
Criner Hills (1)
-
Dewey County Oklahoma (1)
-
Kay County Oklahoma (2)
-
Kingfisher County Oklahoma (1)
-
Kiowa County Oklahoma (1)
-
Latimer County Oklahoma (1)
-
Le Flore County Oklahoma (2)
-
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-
Meers Fault (1)
-
Murray County Oklahoma (2)
-
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-
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-
Pontotoc County Oklahoma (1)
-
Pottawatomie County Oklahoma (1)
-
Seminole County Oklahoma (1)
-
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-
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-
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Oregon
-
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-
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-
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-
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Harney County Oregon
-
Steens Mountain (1)
-
-
Hood River County Oregon (1)
-
Jackson County Oregon (1)
-
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-
Lane County Oregon (1)
-
Malheur County Oregon (1)
-
Morrow County Oregon (1)
-
Umatilla County Oregon (1)
-
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Ouachita Mountains (6)
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Pennsylvania
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Tioga County Pennsylvania (2)
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-
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Pilot Range (1)
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Sevier orogenic belt (61)
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South Carolina
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Aiken County South Carolina (1)
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Charleston County South Carolina
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-
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Chesterfield County South Carolina (1)
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Horry County South Carolina (1)
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Lexington County South Carolina (1)
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Savannah River Site (1)
-
-
South Dakota
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Badlands National Park (5)
-
Butte County South Dakota (2)
-
Corson County South Dakota (2)
-
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-
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-
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-
Harney Peak Granite (2)
-
Lawrence County South Dakota (3)
-
Meade County South Dakota (2)
-
Minnehaha County South Dakota (1)
-
Pennington County South Dakota (10)
-
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-
-
South Platte River (1)
-
South Platte River valley (2)
-
Southern U.S. (2)
-
Southwestern U.S. (42)
-
Tennessee
-
Blount County Tennessee (1)
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Sequatchie Valley (1)
-
Shelby County Tennessee
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-
-
Washington County Tennessee (2)
-
-
Texas
-
Amarillo Uplift (2)
-
Andrews County Texas (1)
-
Bastrop County Texas (2)
-
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-
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-
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-
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-
Big Bend National Park (12)
-
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Burnet County Texas (2)
-
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-
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-
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-
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-
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-
-
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-
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-
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-
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-
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-
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-
-
Fort Worth Basin (12)
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-
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-
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-
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-
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-
Llano Uplift (2)
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Marathon Geosyncline (2)
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Midland Basin (5)
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Pecos County Texas (2)
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-
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-
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-
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-
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-
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-
Ward County Texas (1)
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-
West Texas (28)
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Zapata County Texas (1)
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Zavala County Texas (1)
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U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Bighorn Mountains (16)
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Bridger Range (5)
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Uinta Mountains (20)
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-
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Uinta Basin (26)
-
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-
Utah
-
Beaver County Utah
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-
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Bingham mining district (1)
-
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-
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-
Canyonlands National Park (2)
-
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-
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-
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-
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-
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-
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Garfield County Utah (13)
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Grand County Utah
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-
-
Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument (4)
-
Henry Mountains (5)
-
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-
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-
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-
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-
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-
-
Morgan County Utah (2)
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Oquirrh Mountains (1)
-
Rich County Utah (5)
-
Salt Lake County Utah
-
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-
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San Juan County Utah (6)
-
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-
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-
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-
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-
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Tooele County Utah (4)
-
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-
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-
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Wah Wah Mountains (2)
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Virginia
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-
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Washington
-
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-
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West Virginia
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-
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Western U.S. (119)
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Wisconsin
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Wyoming
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Seminoe Mountains (1)
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Shirley Basin (1)
-
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Converse County Wyoming (4)
-
Crook County Wyoming (3)
-
Fremont County Wyoming (20)
-
Great Divide Basin (6)
-
Hanna Basin (23)
-
Hartzog Draw Field (1)
-
Heart Mountain Fault (6)
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Hot Springs County Wyoming (6)
-
Johnson County Wyoming (11)
-
Laramie Basin (5)
-
Laramie County Wyoming (4)
-
Lincoln County Wyoming (14)
-
Natrona County Wyoming
-
Casper Wyoming (1)
-
-
Niobrara County Wyoming (6)
-
Owl Creek Mountains (10)
-
Park County Wyoming
-
Powell Wyoming (2)
-
-
Platte County Wyoming (1)
-
Rock Springs Uplift (21)
-
Sheridan County Wyoming (4)
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Sierra Madre Range (2)
-
Sublette County Wyoming
-
Jonah Field (1)
-
Pinedale Anticline (2)
-
-
Sweetwater County Wyoming
-
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-
-
Teapot Dome (5)
-
Teton County Wyoming
-
Grand Teton National Park (1)
-
Jackson Hole (2)
-
-
Teton National Forest (1)
-
Uinta County Wyoming (7)
-
Washakie County Wyoming (8)
-
Weston County Wyoming (1)
-
Wind River Range (16)
-
-
Wyoming Province (52)
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Yakima fold belt (1)
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Yavapai Province (26)
-
Yellowstone National Park (19)
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Yellowstone River (4)
-
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USSR (2)
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commodities
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aggregate (3)
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bitumens
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boron deposits (1)
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brines (28)
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diamond deposits (11)
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magnesite deposits (1)
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metal ores
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antimony ores (3)
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beryllium ores (1)
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chromite ores (2)
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cobalt ores (1)
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copper ores (36)
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gold ores (42)
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IOCG deposits (1)
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iron ores (4)
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lead ores (10)
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lead-zinc deposits (7)
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lithium ores (2)
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manganese ores (2)
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mercury ores (3)
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molybdenum ores (13)
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nickel ores (10)
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niobium ores (1)
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palladium ores (1)
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platinum ores (13)
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polymetallic ores (4)
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rare earth deposits (9)
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silver ores (16)
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tin ores (2)
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titanium ores (1)
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tungsten ores (2)
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uranium ores (29)
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vanadium ores (1)
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zinc ores (13)
-
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mineral deposits, genesis (95)
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mineral exploration (52)
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oil and gas fields (164)
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petroleum
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natural gas
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coalbed methane (18)
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shale oil (8)
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phosphate deposits (5)
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placers (5)
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ruby (2)
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sodium carbonate (2)
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strategic minerals (1)
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talc deposits (1)
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tight sands (17)
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water resources (4)
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zeolite deposits (1)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
boron
-
B-11/B-10 (3)
-
-
carbon
-
C-13 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (170)
-
C-14 (46)
-
organic carbon (26)
-
-
chemical elements (1)
-
chemical ratios (18)
-
halogens
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bromine
-
bromide ion (1)
-
-
chlorine
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chloride ion (2)
-
Cl-36 (7)
-
Cl-37/Cl-35 (1)
-
-
fluorine (2)
-
iodine
-
I-129 (1)
-
-
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (28)
-
deuterium (8)
-
tritium (4)
-
-
incompatible elements (1)
-
isotope ratios (371)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Al-26 (10)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (5)
-
Be-10 (33)
-
Be-10/Be-9 (2)
-
C-14 (46)
-
Cl-36 (7)
-
I-129 (1)
-
Pa-231 (1)
-
Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (24)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (14)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (10)
-
Ra-226 (2)
-
Ra-228/Ra-226 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (2)
-
Rn-222 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (15)
-
Th-230 (1)
-
Th-232 (1)
-
tritium (4)
-
U-234 (1)
-
U-235 (1)
-
U-238 (2)
-
U-238/U-234 (2)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-36 (2)
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (5)
-
B-11/B-10 (3)
-
Be-10/Be-9 (2)
-
C-13 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (170)
-
Ca-44/Ca-40 (1)
-
Cl-37/Cl-35 (1)
-
D/H (28)
-
deuterium (8)
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
-
He-3 (4)
-
He-4 (1)
-
He-4/He-3 (5)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (36)
-
Kr-84 (1)
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
N-15/N-14 (4)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (76)
-
Ne-20 (1)
-
Ne-21 (2)
-
O-18 (3)
-
O-18/O-16 (174)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (6)
-
Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (24)
-
Pb-207 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (14)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (10)
-
Pb-208 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (10)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (2)
-
S-33 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (16)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (15)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (97)
-
Xe-136/Xe-130 (1)
-
-
-
large-ion lithophile elements (2)
-
Lu/Hf (26)
-
metals
-
actinides
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protactinium
-
Pa-231 (1)
-
-
thorium
-
Th-230 (1)
-
Th-232 (1)
-
-
uranium
-
U-234 (1)
-
U-235 (1)
-
U-238 (2)
-
U-238/U-234 (2)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
lithium
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
-
potassium (11)
-
rubidium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
-
sodium (8)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (6)
-
beryllium
-
Be-10 (33)
-
Be-10/Be-9 (2)
-
-
calcium
-
Ca-44/Ca-40 (1)
-
Sr/Ca (2)
-
-
magnesium (14)
-
radium
-
Ra-226 (2)
-
Ra-228/Ra-226 (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
Sr/Ca (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (97)
-
-
-
aluminum
-
Al-26 (10)
-
-
arsenic (2)
-
bismuth (2)
-
chromium (4)
-
cobalt (1)
-
copper (2)
-
gallium (1)
-
gold (4)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (36)
-
-
iron
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
-
ferrous iron (2)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (24)
-
Pb-207 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (14)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (10)
-
Pb-208 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (10)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
manganese (2)
-
mercury (2)
-
molybdenum (2)
-
nickel (2)
-
niobium (5)
-
platinum group
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (6)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (2)
-
-
palladium (1)
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum ores (13)
-
-
precious metals (3)
-
rare earths
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cerium (4)
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europium (5)
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lanthanum (2)
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lutetium (7)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (76)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (15)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (15)
-
-
scandium (2)
-
ytterbium (3)
-
yttrium (5)
-
-
rhenium
-
Re-187/Os-188 (2)
-
-
silver (1)
-
tin (1)
-
titanium (9)
-
vanadium (4)
-
zinc (3)
-
zirconium (2)
-
-
nitrogen
-
N-15/N-14 (4)
-
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-36 (2)
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (5)
-
-
helium
-
He-3 (4)
-
He-4 (1)
-
He-4/He-3 (5)
-
-
krypton
-
Kr-84 (1)
-
-
neon
-
Ne-20 (1)
-
Ne-21 (2)
-
-
radon
-
Rn-222 (1)
-
-
xenon
-
Xe-136/Xe-130 (1)
-
-
-
oxygen
-
dissolved oxygen (1)
-
O-18 (3)
-
O-18/O-16 (174)
-
-
phosphorus (2)
-
selenium (2)
-
silicon (3)
-
sulfur
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S-33 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (16)
-
-
trace metals (3)
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fossils
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Archaea (1)
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bacteria
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coliform bacteria
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Escherichia
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Escherichia coli (1)
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-
-
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borings (6)
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burrows (26)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Agnatha
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Heterostraci (2)
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Pisces
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Chondrichthyes
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Elasmobranchii (3)
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Osteichthyes
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Actinopterygii
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Teleostei (2)
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Sarcopterygii
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Dipnoi (3)
-
-
-
Placodermi (2)
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Tetrapoda
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Labyrinthodontia
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Lissamphibia
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Aves
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Strigiformes (1)
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Mammalia
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Multituberculata (12)
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Theria
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Pantodonta (6)
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Artiodactyla
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Ruminantia
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Bovidae
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Bison
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Bison occidentalis (1)
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Cervidae
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Tylopoda
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Carnivora
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Fissipeda
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Felidae
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Ursidae
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Pinnipedia (1)
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Insectivora
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Lagomorpha
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Perissodactyla
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Ceratomorpha
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Hippomorpha
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Equidae
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Equus (3)
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Pholidota (1)
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Primates
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Hominidae (1)
-
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Proboscidea
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Elephantoidea
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Elephantidae
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Mammuthus
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Mammuthus columbi (1)
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-
-
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Mastodontoidea
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Mammutidae
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Mammut (1)
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Rodentia
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Myomorpha
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Muridae (1)
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Sciuromorpha
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Taeniodonta (2)
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Ungulata (1)
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Metatheria
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Marsupialia
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Polyprotodontia
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Didelphidae (1)
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-
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-
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Reptilia
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Anapsida
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Cotylosauria (1)
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Testudines
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Testudinidae (2)
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Diapsida
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Archosauria
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Crocodilia
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Crocodylidae (1)
-
-
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dinosaurs
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Ornithischia
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Ankylosauria (1)
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Ceratopsia
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Ceratopsidae
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Triceratops (1)
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Ornithopoda
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Hadrosauridae (10)
-
-
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Saurischia
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Sauropodomorpha
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Prosauropoda (1)
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Sauropoda
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Titanosauridae (1)
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Theropoda
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Carnosauria
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Allosaurus (1)
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Coelurosauria
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Dromaeosauridae (2)
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Tyrannosauridae
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Tyrannosaurus
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Tyrannosaurus rex (2)
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-
-
-
-
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Pterosauria
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Pteranodon (1)
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Thecodontia
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Aetosauria (2)
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Ichthyosauria
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Lepidosauria
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Rhynchocephalia (2)
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Squamata
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Lacertilia
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Rhynchosauria (1)
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Sauropterygia
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Plesiosauria (3)
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Synapsida
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Therapsida
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Cynodontia (3)
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Dicynodontia
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Lystrosaurus (2)
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Testudinata (1)
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-
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coprolites (9)
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cyanobacteria (4)
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eukaryotes (1)
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Graptolithina (5)
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ichnofossils
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Chondrites ichnofossils (1)
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Ophiomorpha
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Ophiomorpha nodosa (1)
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Palaeophycus (4)
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Planolites (6)
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Rhizocorallium (3)
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Skolithos (3)
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Thalassinoides (6)
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Trypanites (1)
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Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Chelicerata
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Merostomata
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Mandibulata
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Crustacea
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Branchiopoda (8)
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Cirripedia (2)
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Malacostraca
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Ostracoda
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Podocopida
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Cypridocopina
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Cyprididae
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Candona (2)
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Cytherocopina
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Cytheracea
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Cyprideis (1)
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Darwinula (1)
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Insecta
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Neoptera
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Endopterygota
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Exopterygota
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Orthoptera (1)
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Palaeoptera
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Myriapoda (2)
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Trilobitomorpha
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Trilobita
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Ptychopariida
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Olenidae (1)
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Brachiopoda
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Articulata
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Orthida (3)
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Productida (2)
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Rhynchonellida (4)
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Spiriferida
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Spiriferidina
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Spiriferidae (1)
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Strophomenida (2)
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Terebratulida
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Terebratulina (1)
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Inarticulata
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Lingula (2)
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Bryozoa
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Cnidaria
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Anthozoa (11)
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Echinodermata
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Asterozoa
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Stelleroidea
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Crinozoa
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Crinoidea (15)
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Echinozoa
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Echinoidea (2)
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Mollusca
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Bivalvia
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Heterodonta
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Rudistae (2)
-
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Ostreoidea
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Ostreidae
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Crassostrea
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Crassostrea virginica (2)
-
-
-
-
Palaeoheterodonta
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Unionidae (4)
-
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Pterioida
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Pteriina
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Inocerami
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Inoceramidae
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Inoceramus (1)
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-
-
-
-
-
Cephalopoda
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Ammonoidea
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Ammonites (8)
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Scaphites (3)
-
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Coleoidea
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Belemnoidea (1)
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Nautiloidea
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Nautilus (1)
-
-
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Gastropoda (23)
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Hyolithes (2)
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Polyplacophora (1)
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Tentaculitida
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Tentaculitidae
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Tentaculites (1)
-
-
-
-
Porifera
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Demospongea (1)
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Stromatoporoidea (3)
-
-
Protista
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Foraminifera
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Fusulinina
-
Fusulinidae (8)
-
-
Rotaliina
-
Globigerinacea
-
Globigerinidae
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Globigerina (1)
-
-
Hedbergella (1)
-
-
Nodosariacea
-
Nodosariidae
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Lenticulina (1)
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Nodosaria (1)
-
-
-
Rotaliacea
-
Nummulitidae
-
Nummulites (2)
-
-
-
-
Textulariina
-
Lituolacea
-
Ammobaculites (1)
-
Lituolidae
-
Haplophragmoides (1)
-
-
Trochammina (2)
-
-
-
-
Radiolaria (17)
-
-
Vermes
-
Annelida (1)
-
-
-
Metazoa (2)
-
microfossils
-
Charophyta (5)
-
Conodonta
-
Adetognathus (1)
-
Neogondolella (1)
-
-
Fusulinina
-
Fusulinidae (8)
-
-
-
palynomorphs
-
acritarchs (3)
-
Dinoflagellata
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Deflandrea (1)
-
-
megaspores (2)
-
miospores
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Classopollis (2)
-
pollen (48)
-
-
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
calcareous algae (2)
-
Chlorophyta
-
Charophyta (5)
-
Chlorophyceae
-
Codiaceae
-
Halimeda (1)
-
-
-
-
Coccolithophoraceae
-
Coccolithus (1)
-
-
diatoms (12)
-
Microcodium (2)
-
nannofossils
-
Discoasteridae (1)
-
-
-
Bryophyta (1)
-
Pteridophyta
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Lycopsida (3)
-
Sphenopsida (1)
-
-
Spermatophyta
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Angiospermae
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Dicotyledoneae
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Alnus (1)
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Artemisia (1)
-
Betula (1)
-
Hamamelididae (1)
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Lauraceae (1)
-
Rosidae (1)
-
-
Monocotyledoneae
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Gramineae (3)
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Palmae (1)
-
-
-
Gymnospermae
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Coniferales
-
Cupressaceae (1)
-
Picea (2)
-
Pinaceae
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Abies (1)
-
Pinus (2)
-
-
Taxodiaceae
-
Metasequoia (1)
-
-
-
Cycadales (1)
-
Ginkgoales
-
Ginkgo (2)
-
-
Glossopteridales
-
Glossopteris
-
Glossopteris flora (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
problematic fossils (2)
-
Pterobranchia (1)
-
thallophytes (7)
-
tracks (30)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
(U-Th)/He (65)
-
Ar/Ar (146)
-
exposure age (27)
-
fission-track dating (55)
-
He/He (2)
-
hydration of glass (1)
-
infrared stimulated luminescence (3)
-
K/Ar (18)
-
Lu/Hf (26)
-
Nd/Nd (2)
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optically stimulated luminescence (9)
-
paleomagnetism (107)
-
Pb/Pb (23)
-
Pb/Th (2)
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racemization (3)
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radiation damage (6)
-
Rb/Sr (13)
-
Re/Os (16)
-
Sm/Nd (23)
-
tephrochronology (19)
-
Th/U (14)
-
thermochronology (80)
-
thermoluminescence (1)
-
tree rings (2)
-
U/Pb (419)
-
U/Th/Pb (12)
-
uranium disequilibrium (12)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Agbada Formation (1)
-
Blancan (9)
-
Glenns Ferry Formation (5)
-
lower Cenozoic (1)
-
middle Cenozoic (4)
-
Quaternary
-
Clovis (2)
-
Cordilleran ice sheet (1)
-
Holocene
-
lower Holocene (4)
-
Medieval Warm Period (1)
-
Neoglacial
-
Little Ice Age (1)
-
-
upper Holocene
-
Little Ice Age (1)
-
Roman period (1)
-
-
-
Pleistocene
-
Bandelier Tuff (2)
-
Bishop Tuff (2)
-
Champlain Sea (1)
-
Irvingtonian (2)
-
Lake Lahontan (2)
-
Lake Missoula (2)
-
lower Pleistocene
-
Jaramillo Subchron (1)
-
-
Matuyama Chron (1)
-
middle Pleistocene (5)
-
Peoria Loess (2)
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Weichselian
-
upper Weichselian
-
Younger Dryas (8)
-
-
-
Wisconsinan
-
upper Wisconsinan
-
Fraser Glaciation (1)
-
-
-
-
-
upper Quaternary
-
Brunhes Chron (1)
-
Pinedale Glaciation (2)
-
-
-
Saugus Formation (1)
-
Sierra Ladrones Formation (2)
-
Siwalik System (3)
-
Stone Age
-
Paleolithic (1)
-
-
Tertiary
-
Arikaree Group (2)
-
Arikareean (1)
-
Asmari Formation (3)
-
Catahoula Formation (2)
-
Challis Volcanics (6)
-
Cypress Hills Formation (2)
-
Florissant Lake Beds (2)
-
John Day Formation (2)
-
lower Tertiary (15)
-
middle Tertiary (4)
-
Muddy Creek Formation (1)
-
Neogene
-
Bidahochi Formation (5)
-
Browns Park Formation (1)
-
Hemphillian (3)
-
Miocene
-
Aragonian (1)
-
Ash Hollow Formation (5)
-
Barstovian (4)
-
Barstow Formation (2)
-
Clarendonian (2)
-
Columbia River Basalt Group (9)
-
Fleming Formation (1)
-
Grande Ronde Basalt (1)
-
lower Miocene
-
Aquitanian (1)
-
Burdigalian (2)
-
Hemingfordian (2)
-
-
middle Miocene
-
Langhian (1)
-
Serravallian (1)
-
-
Ngorora Formation (1)
-
Oakville Sandstone (1)
-
Pebas Formation (1)
-
Puerto Madryn Formation (1)
-
Stevens Sandstone (1)
-
Topopah Spring Member (1)
-
upper Miocene
-
Santa Margarita Formation (3)
-
Tortonian (1)
-
Turolian (1)
-
-
Vallesian (2)
-
Zia Formation (1)
-
-
Ogallala Formation (12)
-
Pliocene
-
Goliad Sand (1)
-
Hadar Formation (1)
-
lower Pliocene (9)
-
upper Pliocene
-
Rexroad Formation (1)
-
-
-
Salt Lake Formation (2)
-
upper Neogene (2)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Calvert Bluff Formation (2)
-
Chadron Formation (2)
-
Claron Formation (2)
-
Dongying Formation (2)
-
Duchesne River Formation (2)
-
Eocene
-
Absaroka Supergroup (5)
-
Avon Park Formation (1)
-
Bridger Formation (7)
-
Bridgerian (8)
-
Chuckanut Formation (3)
-
Chumstick Formation (2)
-
Clarno Formation (1)
-
Colton Formation (4)
-
Crescent Formation (1)
-
Ghazij Formation (2)
-
Golden Valley Formation (1)
-
Green River Formation (53)
-
Lake Gosiute (12)
-
Lake Uinta (3)
-
lower Eocene
-
Hatchetigbee Formation (1)
-
Wasatchian (7)
-
Willwood Formation (17)
-
Wind River Formation (4)
-
Ypresian (4)
-
-
middle Eocene
-
Aycross Formation (1)
-
Claiborne Group (3)
-
Laney Shale Member (6)
-
Lutetian (2)
-
Santee Limestone (1)
-
Tyee Formation (2)
-
-
Subathu Formation (2)
-
Swauk Formation (1)
-
Uintan (2)
-
Umpqua Formation (1)
-
upper Eocene
-
Chadronian (4)
-
Priabonian (1)
-
Uinta Formation (1)
-
Whitsett Formation (1)
-
-
Wilkins Peak Member (10)
-
-
Flagstaff Formation (4)
-
Hanna Formation (10)
-
Kenai Group (1)
-
lower Paleogene (14)
-
Oligocene
-
Brule Formation (3)
-
Fish Canyon Tuff (3)
-
Frio Formation (3)
-
Hemlock Conglomerate (1)
-
lower Oligocene (5)
-
upper Oligocene
-
Chattian (1)
-
-
Vicksburg Group (1)
-
-
Paleocene
-
Clayton Formation (1)
-
Lebo Member (2)
-
lower Paleocene
-
Danian (8)
-
K-T boundary (32)
-
Puercan (9)
-
Torrejonian (5)
-
-
Ludlow Member (3)
-
middle Paleocene
-
Selandian (1)
-
-
Nacimiento Formation (5)
-
Nanafalia Formation (1)
-
Porters Creek Formation (1)
-
Ravenscrag Formation (8)
-
Tongue River Member (5)
-
Tullock Member (5)
-
upper Paleocene
-
Clarkforkian (2)
-
Thanetian (2)
-
Tiffanian (14)
-
-
-
Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (21)
-
Renova Formation (9)
-
Sespe Formation (3)
-
Tyonek Formation (1)
-
upper Paleogene (1)
-
Wasatch Formation (21)
-
White River Group (10)
-
Wilcox Group (15)
-
Williamsburg Formation (1)
-
-
Shahejie Formation (4)
-
upper Tertiary
-
Poznan Clays (1)
-
-
Vaqueros Formation (1)
-
-
Tulare Formation (1)
-
upper Cenozoic (17)
-
-
Coal Measures (1)
-
Dalradian (1)
-
Lake Bonneville (7)
-
Laurentide ice sheet (7)
-
Mesozoic
-
Bisbee Group (3)
-
Cretaceous
-
Blairmore Group (4)
-
Colorado Group (9)
-
Comanchean
-
Buda Limestone (1)
-
Edwards Formation (1)
-
Glen Rose Formation (2)
-
Travis Peak Formation (1)
-
Trinity Group (1)
-
-
Dakota Formation (17)
-
Graneros Shale (3)
-
Logan Canyon Formation (1)
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Agrio Formation (1)
-
Albian
-
lower Albian (2)
-
upper Albian (6)
-
-
Aptian
-
Shuaiba Formation (1)
-
-
Barremian (6)
-
Bear River Formation (2)
-
Berriasian (3)
-
Blackleaf Formation (3)
-
Burro Canyon Formation (8)
-
Cadomin Formation (2)
-
Cedar Mountain Formation (10)
-
Clearwater Formation (3)
-
Cloverly Formation (5)
-
Edwards Formation (1)
-
Gething Formation (2)
-
Glen Rose Formation (2)
-
Hauterivian (1)
-
Inyan Kara Group (1)
-
Kiowa Formation (1)
-
Lakota Formation (2)
-
Mannville Group (17)
-
McMurray Formation (5)
-
Missisauga Formation (2)
-
Mowry Shale (16)
-
Muddy Sandstone (9)
-
Mural Limestone (1)
-
Skull Creek Shale (3)
-
Spirit River Formation (1)
-
Torok Formation (2)
-
Travis Peak Formation (1)
-
Trinity Group (1)
-
Valanginian (1)
-
Wealden (1)
-
-
Lower Greensand (2)
-
Mancos Shale (22)
-
Middle Cretaceous (23)
-
Nanushuk Group (2)
-
Natih Formation (3)
-
Nenjiang Formation (1)
-
Potomac Group (1)
-
Qingshankou Formation (1)
-
Queen Charlotte Group (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Almond Formation (9)
-
Bearpaw Formation (11)
-
Belle Fourche Shale (6)
-
Belly River Formation (8)
-
Blackhawk Formation (6)
-
Blair Formation (1)
-
Bridge Creek Limestone Member (3)
-
Buda Limestone (1)
-
Campanian
-
Cerro del Pueblo Formation (1)
-
Dinosaur Park Formation (5)
-
lower Campanian (3)
-
upper Campanian (10)
-
-
Cardium Formation (3)
-
Carlile Shale (9)
-
Castlegate Sandstone (7)
-
Cenomanian
-
Dunvegan Formation (5)
-
lower Cenomanian (1)
-
upper Cenomanian (1)
-
-
Codell Sandstone Member (2)
-
Cody Shale (7)
-
Coniacian (10)
-
Eagle Sandstone (4)
-
Edmonton Group (1)
-
Elkhorn Mountains Volcanics (3)
-
Eutaw Formation (1)
-
Ferron Sandstone Member (13)
-
Fort Hays Limestone Member (3)
-
Fox Hills Formation (10)
-
Frontier Formation (29)
-
Fruitland Formation (5)
-
Gallup Sandstone (3)
-
Gammon Ferruginous Member (1)
-
Greenhorn Limestone (10)
-
Gulfian
-
Aguja Formation (4)
-
Austin Chalk (1)
-
Austin Group (2)
-
Eagle Ford Formation (11)
-
Olmos Formation (1)
-
Woodbine Formation (5)
-
-
Hell Creek Formation (18)
-
Hilliard Shale (1)
-
Hornbrook Formation (1)
-
Horseshoe Canyon Formation (11)
-
Javelina Formation (6)
-
Judith River Formation (8)
-
Kaiparowits Formation (5)
-
Kanguk Formation (1)
-
Kirtland Shale (2)
-
K-T boundary (32)
-
La Luna Formation (1)
-
Lance Formation (11)
-
Laramie Formation (4)
-
Lewis Shale (15)
-
Maestrichtian
-
lower Maestrichtian (4)
-
upper Maestrichtian (7)
-
-
Marilia Formation (2)
-
Mesaverde Group (29)
-
Middendorf Formation (1)
-
Milk River Formation (11)
-
Montana Group (2)
-
Niobrara Formation (14)
-
Ojo Alamo Sandstone (4)
-
Oldman Formation (2)
-
Parkman Sandstone (1)
-
Pictured Cliffs Sandstone (3)
-
Pierre Shale (17)
-
Point Loma Formation (1)
-
Point Lookout Sandstone (2)
-
Prince Creek Formation (3)
-
Rock Springs Formation (2)
-
Rosario Formation (1)
-
Saint Mary River Formation (3)
-
Santonian (18)
-
Schrader Bluff Formation (1)
-
Selma Group (1)
-
Senonian (62)
-
Shannon Sandstone Member (4)
-
Sharon Springs Member (1)
-
Star Point Sandstone (2)
-
Straight Cliffs Formation (9)
-
Sussex Sandstone Member (1)
-
Tropic Shale (1)
-
Tununk Member (1)
-
Turonian
-
lower Turonian (1)
-
middle Turonian (4)
-
-
Tuscaloosa Formation (5)
-
Two Medicine Formation (8)
-
Wahweap Formation (5)
-
Wall Creek Member (2)
-
Williams Fork Formation (8)
-
-
Viking Formation (13)
-
Whitemud Formation (2)
-
-
Franciscan Complex (4)
-
Glen Canyon Group (5)
-
Great Valley Sequence (4)
-
Jurassic
-
Arapien Shale (2)
-
Aztec Sandstone (2)
-
Carmel Formation (6)
-
Clarens Formation (1)
-
Fernie Formation (3)
-
Ferrar Group (2)
-
Heather Formation (1)
-
Kirkpatrick Basalt (1)
-
Ladner Group (1)
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Dunlin Group (1)
-
Hettangian (2)
-
Laberge Group (3)
-
Nordegg Member (1)
-
Pliensbachian (1)
-
Toarcian (3)
-
upper Liassic (1)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Aalenian (1)
-
Bajocian (5)
-
Bathonian (4)
-
Callovian (3)
-
Page Sandstone (3)
-
Summerville Formation (2)
-
Todilto Formation (2)
-
Xishanyao Formation (2)
-
-
Norphlet Formation (5)
-
Oxford Clay (1)
-
San Rafael Group (3)
-
Twin Creek Limestone (6)
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Arab Formation (1)
-
Bowser Lake Group (2)
-
Brushy Basin Member (4)
-
Buckner Formation (2)
-
Cotton Valley Group (1)
-
Entrada Sandstone (10)
-
Galice Formation (1)
-
Haynesville Formation (2)
-
Jeanne d'Arc Formation (1)
-
Kimmeridge Clay (1)
-
Kimmeridgian
-
upper Kimmeridgian (1)
-
-
Morrison Formation (26)
-
Oxfordian (4)
-
Salt Wash Sandstone Member (4)
-
Smackover Formation (3)
-
Sundance Formation (9)
-
Swift Formation (3)
-
Tithonian (4)
-
Volgian (1)
-
-
-
Kayenta Formation (3)
-
lower Mesozoic (4)
-
McHugh Complex (1)
-
Mist Mountain Formation (1)
-
Moenave Formation (1)
-
Navajo Sandstone (24)
-
Newark Supergroup (1)
-
Nugget Sandstone (12)
-
Sandilands Formation (1)
-
Statfjord Formation (1)
-
Triassic
-
Chanares Formation (2)
-
Hawkesbury Sandstone (3)
-
Lower Triassic
-
Bunter (3)
-
Dinwoody Formation (6)
-
Olenekian (1)
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (13)
-
Scythian (1)
-
Smithian (3)
-
Spathian (1)
-
Thaynes Formation (4)
-
-
Middle Triassic
-
Anisian (4)
-
Doig Formation (4)
-
Ladinian (4)
-
Muschelkalk (1)
-
-
Moenkopi Formation (11)
-
Montney Formation (3)
-
Nicola Group (1)
-
Red Peak Formation (3)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian
-
Ischigualasto Formation (1)
-
-
Chinle Formation (23)
-
Crow Mountain Sandstone (1)
-
Dockum Group (1)
-
Molteno Formation (1)
-
Norian (10)
-
Petrified Forest Member (2)
-
Redonda Formation (1)
-
Rhaetian (3)
-
Shinarump Member (5)
-
Stormberg Series (1)
-
Xujiahe Formation (1)
-
Yanchang Formation (5)
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (4)
-
Vaca Muerta Formation (2)
-
Wingate Sandstone (3)
-
Yanshanian (4)
-
-
MIS 2 (1)
-
MIS 3 (1)
-
MIS 5 (1)
-
Moldanubian (1)
-
Paleozoic
-
Arbuckle Group (1)
-
Cambrian
-
Brigham Group (2)
-
Lancara Formation (1)
-
Lower Cambrian
-
Poleta Formation (2)
-
Rome Formation (1)
-
Terreneuvian (2)
-
Zabriskie Quartzite (1)
-
-
Middle Cambrian
-
Flathead Sandstone (4)
-
-
Mount Read Volcanics (1)
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Furongian
-
Jiangshanian (3)
-
Paibian (1)
-
-
Lamotte Sandstone (1)
-
Mount Simon Sandstone (3)
-
Orr Formation (2)
-
Pilgrim Formation (1)
-
Steptoean (4)
-
Wilberns Formation (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Albert Formation (2)
-
Amsden Formation (3)
-
Big Snowy Group (1)
-
Ely Limestone (2)
-
Jackfork Group (1)
-
Johns Valley Formation (1)
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Asbian (1)
-
Dinantian (7)
-
-
Mississippian
-
Barnett Shale (10)
-
Chainman Shale (1)
-
Charles Formation (3)
-
Leadville Formation (2)
-
Lower Mississippian
-
Kinderhookian
-
Banff Formation (2)
-
-
Lake Valley Formation (2)
-
Lodgepole Formation (10)
-
Osagian
-
Burlington Limestone (1)
-
-
Tournaisian
-
upper Tournaisian (1)
-
-
-
Madison Group (27)
-
Middle Mississippian
-
Visean (2)
-
-
Mission Canyon Limestone (7)
-
Redwall Limestone (2)
-
Upper Mississippian
-
Chesterian
-
Imo Formation (1)
-
-
Fayetteville Formation (1)
-
Greenbrier Limestone (1)
-
Hartselle Sandstone (1)
-
Heath Formation (1)
-
Hinton Formation (1)
-
Mauch Chunk Formation (1)
-
Meramecian
-
Salem Limestone (1)
-
-
Pitkin Limestone (1)
-
Serpukhovian (3)
-
-
Valmeyeran (1)
-
-
Namurian (1)
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Cumberland Group (1)
-
Joggins Formation (2)
-
Lower Pennsylvanian
-
Bashkirian (1)
-
Haymond Formation (2)
-
Morrowan (2)
-
-
Mary Lee Coal (1)
-
Middle Pennsylvanian
-
Allegheny Group (1)
-
Atokan (4)
-
Carbondale Formation (1)
-
Desmoinesian
-
Cherokee Group (1)
-
Marmaton Group (1)
-
-
Kanawha Formation (1)
-
Moscovian (3)
-
Paradox Formation (4)
-
Tradewater Formation (1)
-
-
Minturn Formation (2)
-
Monongahela Group (2)
-
Morrow Formation (1)
-
Pottsville Group (1)
-
Red Fork Sandstone (2)
-
Strawn Series (1)
-
Upper Pennsylvanian
-
Gzhelian (1)
-
Missourian
-
Lansing Group (1)
-
-
Virgilian (4)
-
Wescogame Formation (1)
-
-
Watahomigi Formation (1)
-
-
Tesnus Formation (1)
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Millstone Grit (1)
-
-
-
Casper Formation (1)
-
Catskill Formation (1)
-
Chattanooga Shale (1)
-
Cow Head Group (1)
-
Deadwood Formation (6)
-
Devonian
-
Beaverhill Lake Group (1)
-
Keg River Formation (1)
-
Lower Devonian
-
Emsian (1)
-
Oriskany Sandstone (3)
-
-
Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (2)
-
Elk Point Group (1)
-
Givetian (4)
-
Hamilton Group (1)
-
Mahantango Formation (1)
-
Marcellus Shale (10)
-
Moscow Formation (1)
-
Nahanni Formation (1)
-
Onondaga Limestone (2)
-
Prairie Evaporite (4)
-
Winnipegosis Formation (2)
-
-
Miette Complex (1)
-
Old Red Sandstone (3)
-
Slave Point Formation (1)
-
Swan Hills Formation (1)
-
Traverse Group (1)
-
Upper Devonian
-
Canadaway Group (1)
-
Chemung Formation (1)
-
Duperow Formation (2)
-
Famennian
-
upper Famennian (2)
-
Wabamun Group (3)
-
-
Frasnian
-
Leduc Formation (2)
-
-
Jefferson Group (6)
-
Ohio Shale (1)
-
Palliser Formation (3)
-
-
-
Dunkard Group (2)
-
Ellis Bay Formation (3)
-
Exshaw Formation (5)
-
Hunton Group (1)
-
Ishbel Group (1)
-
Knox Group (1)
-
Lisburne Group (3)
-
lower Paleozoic (14)
-
Maroon Formation (2)
-
middle Paleozoic (2)
-
Minnelusa Formation (4)
-
New Albany Shale (3)
-
Oquirrh Formation (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Eureka Quartzite (2)
-
Lower Ordovician
-
Arenigian (1)
-
Ellenburger Group (2)
-
Manitou Formation (2)
-
Tremadocian (2)
-
-
Martinsburg Formation (2)
-
Middle Ordovician
-
Bromide Formation (1)
-
Chazy Group (1)
-
Saint Peter Sandstone (1)
-
Simpson Group (2)
-
Whiterockian (1)
-
Winnipeg Formation (2)
-
-
Montoya Group (1)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (2)
-
Bighorn Dolomite (7)
-
Caradocian (2)
-
Cincinnatian
-
Maysvillian (2)
-
Richmondian (1)
-
-
Edenian (1)
-
Fairview Formation (2)
-
Hirnantian (3)
-
Katian (7)
-
Kope Formation (4)
-
Queenston Shale (1)
-
Red River Formation (6)
-
Reedsville Formation (1)
-
Sandbian (1)
-
Wufeng Formation (4)
-
Yeoman Formation (1)
-
-
Utica Shale (3)
-
Viola Limestone (1)
-
-
Permian
-
Coconino Sandstone (3)
-
Council Grove Group (1)
-
Cutler Formation (3)
-
Ecca Group (1)
-
Esplanade Sandstone Member (1)
-
Guadalupian
-
Bell Canyon Formation (1)
-
Brushy Canyon Formation (2)
-
Capitan Formation (1)
-
Capitanian (3)
-
Cherry Canyon Formation (1)
-
Delaware Mountain Group (3)
-
Roadian (3)
-
Wordian (4)
-
-
Irati Formation (1)
-
Kaibab Formation (5)
-
Khuff Formation (1)
-
Lower Permian
-
Abo Formation (3)
-
Autunian (1)
-
Cherry Canyon Formation (1)
-
Cisuralian
-
Artinskian (6)
-
Asselian (5)
-
Kungurian (5)
-
Sakmarian (5)
-
-
Leonardian
-
Bone Spring Limestone (1)
-
Clear Fork Group (1)
-
-
Opeche Shale (1)
-
Wolfcampian
-
Hueco Limestone (1)
-
-
-
Lyons Sandstone (6)
-
Maokou Formation (1)
-
Meade Peak Member (5)
-
Middle Permian (8)
-
Park City Formation (8)
-
Phosphoria Formation (16)
-
Retort Phosphatic Shale Member (1)
-
Rio Bonito Formation (1)
-
Rotliegendes (5)
-
Saxonian (1)
-
Shihezi Formation (1)
-
Toroweap Formation (2)
-
Unayzah Formation (1)
-
Upper Permian
-
Kazanian (1)
-
Lopingian
-
Changhsingian (2)
-
Wuchiapingian (1)
-
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (13)
-
Rio do Rasto Formation (1)
-
Zechstein (6)
-
-
Wellington Formation (2)
-
Yates Formation (1)
-
Yeso Formation (1)
-
-
Petersburg Granite (1)
-
Pilot Shale (2)
-
Road River Formation (1)
-
Sauk Sequence (3)
-
Silurian
-
Lower Silurian
-
Grimsby Sandstone (2)
-
Llandovery (4)
-
Wenlock (2)
-
-
Middle Silurian (1)
-
Niagaran (1)
-
Upper Silurian
-
Ludlow (1)
-
Pridoli (2)
-
-
-
Supai Formation (3)
-
Taiyuan Formation (1)
-
Tensleep Sandstone (8)
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Admire Group (1)
-
Antrim Shale (2)
-
Bakken Formation (16)
-
Fountain Formation (3)
-
Shanxi Formation (1)
-
Tirrawarra Sandstone (1)
-
-
Weber Sandstone (4)
-
Wells Formation (1)
-
Woodford Shale (5)
-
-
Phanerozoic (32)
-
Precambrian
-
Adirondack Anorthosite (1)
-
Animikie Group (1)
-
Archean
-
Eoarchean (2)
-
Gilman Formation (2)
-
J-M Reef (5)
-
Mesoarchean (4)
-
Neoarchean
-
Dharwar Supergroup (1)
-
-
Paleoarchean (9)
-
-
Carrizo Mountain Formation (1)
-
Central Rand Group (1)
-
Chuar Group (5)
-
Eocambrian (1)
-
Gunflint Iron Formation (1)
-
Hadean (6)
-
Hazel Formation (2)
-
Johnnie Formation (3)
-
Kingston Peak Formation (1)
-
Laramie anorthosite complex (3)
-
Lewisian Complex (3)
-
Noonday Dolomite (1)
-
Pahrump Series (2)
-
Purcell System (5)
-
Sokoman Formation (1)
-
Spuhler Peak Formation (1)
-
Stillwater Complex (10)
-
Stirling Quartzite (3)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (1)
-
Uinta Mountain Group (6)
-
Unkar Group (4)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Huronian
-
Gowganda Formation (1)
-
-
Hutuo Group (1)
-
Kunyang Group (1)
-
Lewisian (2)
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Aldridge Formation (1)
-
Belt Supergroup (25)
-
Bonner Formation (2)
-
Helena Formation (1)
-
Laxfordian (3)
-
Missoula Group (3)
-
Ravalli Group (1)
-
Wumishan Formation (1)
-
-
Miette Group (1)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Cryogenian (4)
-
Doushantuo Formation (1)
-
Ediacaran (6)
-
McCoy Creek Group (1)
-
Sturtian (3)
-
Tonian (3)
-
Vendian (2)
-
Walden Creek Group (1)
-
-
Ortega Group (2)
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Marquette Range Supergroup (1)
-
Statherian (1)
-
-
Pocatello Formation (2)
-
Sinian
-
Doushantuo Formation (1)
-
Wumishan Formation (1)
-
-
Windermere System (2)
-
-
-
Vadito Group (3)
-
Ventersdorp Supergroup (1)
-
Wyman Formation (2)
-
-
Vindhyan (2)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (18)
-
kimberlite (21)
-
picrite (2)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (26)
-
diabase (11)
-
diorites
-
ferrodiorite (2)
-
plagiogranite (3)
-
quartz diorites (8)
-
tonalite (13)
-
trondhjemite (4)
-
-
gabbros
-
norite (3)
-
troctolite (5)
-
-
granites
-
adamellite (1)
-
aplite (2)
-
A-type granites (23)
-
biotite granite (2)
-
charnockite (13)
-
granite porphyry (2)
-
I-type granites (1)
-
leucogranite (6)
-
monzogranite (7)
-
rapakivi (7)
-
S-type granites (4)
-
two-mica granite (2)
-
-
granodiorites
-
granodiorite porphyry (1)
-
-
ijolite (1)
-
jotunite (1)
-
lamproite (8)
-
lamprophyres
-
kersantite (1)
-
minette (6)
-
spessartite (1)
-
-
monzodiorite (8)
-
monzonites
-
mangerite (10)
-
-
pegmatite (17)
-
quartz monzonite (6)
-
syenites
-
nepheline syenite
-
agpaite (1)
-
miaskite (1)
-
-
quartz syenite (3)
-
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (2)
-
peridotites
-
dunite (2)
-
garnet peridotite (1)
-
harzburgite (2)
-
lherzolite (2)
-
spinel peridotite (2)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
clinopyroxenite (1)
-
garnet pyroxenite (1)
-
-
-
-
porphyry
-
vitrophyre (1)
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (2)
-
andesites (12)
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts
-
trachybasalts (2)
-
-
flood basalts (10)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (3)
-
ocean-island basalts (3)
-
shoshonite (3)
-
tholeiite (2)
-
-
basanite (1)
-
dacites (8)
-
glasses
-
obsidian (1)
-
palagonite (1)
-
volcanic glass (12)
-
-
komatiite (4)
-
latite (1)
-
melilitite (1)
-
nephelinite (1)
-
phonolites (2)
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (6)
-
hyaloclastite (2)
-
ignimbrite (33)
-
pumice (5)
-
rhyolite tuff (4)
-
scoria (1)
-
tuff (51)
-
tuffite (1)
-
welded tuff (3)
-
-
rhyodacites (2)
-
rhyolites (38)
-
trachyandesites (3)
-
trachytes (5)
-
vitrophyre (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (6)
-
volcanic ash (14)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
K-bentonite (1)
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (26)
-
cataclasites (6)
-
eclogite (10)
-
garnetite (1)
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (1)
-
biotite gneiss (2)
-
granite gneiss (3)
-
orthogneiss (11)
-
paragneiss (7)
-
-
granulites (6)
-
hornfels (2)
-
impactites (4)
-
marbles (8)
-
metacarbonate rocks (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
meta-anorthosite (1)
-
metabasite (2)
-
metagabbro (2)
-
metagranite (6)
-
metarhyolite (1)
-
metatuff (2)
-
-
metaplutonic rocks (3)
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
khondalite (1)
-
meta-arkose (1)
-
metaconglomerate (3)
-
metapelite (9)
-
metasandstone (2)
-
paragneiss (7)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
fenite (2)
-
skarn (10)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (12)
-
migmatites
-
anatexite (1)
-
-
mylonites
-
pseudotachylite (5)
-
ultramylonite (1)
-
-
phyllites (3)
-
quartzites (25)
-
schists
-
biotite schist (1)
-
blueschist (3)
-
greenschist (1)
-
greenstone (2)
-
-
slates (1)
-
-
ophiolite (6)
-
turbidite (23)
-
-
meteorites
-
meteorites
-
stony meteorites
-
achondrites
-
Martian meteorites
-
SNC Meteorites (1)
-
-
-
chondrites
-
ordinary chondrites
-
H chondrites
-
Tieschitz Meteorite (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
minerals
-
alloys
-
carbides
-
moissanite (1)
-
-
phosphides
-
schreibersite (1)
-
-
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (1)
-
-
bismuthides (1)
-
carbonates
-
ankerite (4)
-
aragonite (6)
-
bastnaesite (2)
-
calcite (48)
-
dolomite (24)
-
magnesian calcite (1)
-
magnesite (1)
-
nahcolite (1)
-
nesquehonite (1)
-
parisite (2)
-
siderite (6)
-
sphaerosiderite (1)
-
synchysite (1)
-
trona (3)
-
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
halite (4)
-
-
fluorides
-
bastnaesite (2)
-
cryolite (1)
-
fluorite (3)
-
parisite (2)
-
synchysite (1)
-
topaz (1)
-
-
-
hydrates (1)
-
K-bentonite (1)
-
manganese minerals (1)
-
minerals (5)
-
native elements
-
diamond (4)
-
graphite (5)
-
-
onyx (1)
-
organic minerals
-
amber (4)
-
-
oxides
-
alexandrite (1)
-
aluminum oxides (2)
-
baddeleyite (10)
-
brannerite (1)
-
chrome spinel (2)
-
chromite (3)
-
chrysoberyl (1)
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corundum (1)
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diaspore (2)
-
gahnite (2)
-
goethite (2)
-
hematite (10)
-
hercynite (2)
-
hydroxides
-
aluminum hydroxides (1)
-
iron hydroxides (1)
-
oxyhydroxides (1)
-
-
ilmenite (8)
-
iron oxides (8)
-
limonite (2)
-
maghemite (1)
-
magnetite (10)
-
manganese oxides (1)
-
niobates
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betafite (1)
-
columbite (1)
-
euxenite (1)
-
fergusonite (1)
-
pyrochlore (2)
-
samarskite (1)
-
-
perovskite (1)
-
rutile (6)
-
sapphire (1)
-
spinel (8)
-
spinel group (2)
-
tantalates
-
betafite (1)
-
euxenite (1)
-
-
titanium oxides (4)
-
uraninite (2)
-
zirconolite (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (95)
-
britholite (1)
-
fluorapatite (5)
-
francolite (2)
-
hydroxylapatite (1)
-
monazite (35)
-
rhabdophane (1)
-
torbernite (1)
-
xenotime (4)
-
-
platinum minerals (3)
-
silicates
-
aluminosilicates (3)
-
asbestos (1)
-
chain silicates
-
aenigmatite group
-
aenigmatite (1)
-
rhonite (1)
-
sapphirine (1)
-
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
actinolite (1)
-
arfvedsonite (1)
-
cummingtonite (1)
-
edenite (1)
-
hastingsite (1)
-
hornblende (24)
-
nephrite (2)
-
pargasite (1)
-
tremolite (2)
-
tschermakite (1)
-
-
orthoamphibole
-
anthophyllite (1)
-
gedrite (2)
-
-
-
astrophyllite (1)
-
jade (2)
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
aegirine (1)
-
augite (1)
-
diopside (5)
-
jadeite (1)
-
-
orthopyroxene
-
enstatite (1)
-
ferrosilite (1)
-
-
-
wollastonite group
-
wollastonite (2)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
adularia (3)
-
hyalophane (1)
-
K-feldspar (16)
-
microcline (1)
-
perthite (1)
-
sanidine (23)
-
-
barium feldspar
-
hyalophane (1)
-
-
plagioclase
-
albite (5)
-
anorthite (1)
-
-
-
nepheline group
-
kalsilite (1)
-
nepheline (1)
-
-
silica minerals
-
agate (2)
-
amethyst (1)
-
carnelian (1)
-
chalcedony (5)
-
chrysoprase (1)
-
cristobalite (1)
-
jasper (1)
-
moganite (1)
-
opal
-
opal-A (1)
-
opal-CT (1)
-
-
quartz
-
smoky quartz (1)
-
-
tridymite (1)
-
-
zeolite group
-
analcime (5)
-
clinoptilolite (1)
-
heulandite (1)
-
mordenite (3)
-
wairakite (1)
-
-
-
iron silicates (1)
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
andalusite (2)
-
britholite group
-
britholite (1)
-
-
garnet group
-
andradite (1)
-
grossular (3)
-
pyrope (3)
-
uvarovite (1)
-
-
larnite (1)
-
mullite (1)
-
olivine group
-
fayalite (1)
-
olivine (9)
-
-
sillimanite (2)
-
staurolite (3)
-
titanite group
-
titanite (18)
-
-
topaz (1)
-
zircon group
-
thorite (1)
-
zircon (401)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
chevkinite group
-
chevkinite (2)
-
perrierite (2)
-
-
epidote group
-
allanite (6)
-
clinozoisite (2)
-
epidote (3)
-
zoisite (1)
-
-
melilite group
-
gehlenite (1)
-
melilite (2)
-
-
vesuvianite (1)
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
beryl (1)
-
cordierite (8)
-
emerald (1)
-
tourmaline group (3)
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chamosite (1)
-
chlorite (17)
-
-
clay minerals
-
beidellite (2)
-
kaolinite (21)
-
montmorillonite (6)
-
smectite (27)
-
vermiculite (2)
-
-
illite (35)
-
mica group
-
biotite (34)
-
celadonite (2)
-
muscovite (22)
-
phlogopite (3)
-
-
palygorskite (2)
-
pyrophyllite (1)
-
sepiolite (2)
-
serpentine group
-
berthierine (1)
-
serpentine (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfates
-
alunite (2)
-
anhydrite (12)
-
barite (6)
-
celestine (1)
-
gypsum (7)
-
jarosite (2)
-
-
sulfides
-
acanthite (1)
-
arsenopyrite (1)
-
bismuthinite (1)
-
bornite (2)
-
chalcocite (1)
-
chalcopyrite (5)
-
cinnabar (1)
-
copper sulfides (1)
-
galena (2)
-
iron sulfides (1)
-
marcasite (1)
-
molybdenite (2)
-
pentlandite (1)
-
pyrite (9)
-
pyrrhotite (2)
-
realgar (1)
-
sphalerite (1)
-
stibnite (1)
-
zinc sulfides (1)
-
-
sulfosalts
-
sulfobismuthites
-
berryite (1)
-
gustavite (1)
-
matildite (1)
-
-
-
uranium minerals (3)
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (642)
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Angola (1)
-
-
Congo Craton (2)
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East Africa
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Ethiopia
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Awash Valley (1)
-
-
Kenya
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Kenya Rift valley (1)
-
Lake Magadi (1)
-
-
Lake Natron (1)
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Malawi (1)
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Somali Republic (1)
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Sudan (1)
-
Tanzania (10)
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Zambia (2)
-
-
East African Lakes
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Lake Albert (1)
-
Lake Kariba (1)
-
Lake Magadi (1)
-
Lake Natron (1)
-
Lake Tanganyika (2)
-
-
East African Rift (5)
-
Kalahari Desert (3)
-
Limpopo Basin (1)
-
Limpopo Belt (1)
-
Madagascar
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Mahajanga Basin (1)
-
-
North Africa
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Atlas Mountains
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Moroccan Atlas Mountains
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High Atlas (1)
-
-
-
Egypt
-
Bahariya Oasis (1)
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Cairo Egypt (1)
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Fayum Depression (1)
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Nile Delta (1)
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Safaga Egypt (1)
-
-
Libya
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Sirte Basin (1)
-
-
Morocco
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Moroccan Atlas Mountains
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High Atlas (1)
-
-
-
Tunisia (3)
-
-
Nubian Shield (2)
-
Sahara (1)
-
Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (4)
-
Botswana
-
Okavango Delta (1)
-
-
Kaapvaal Craton (18)
-
Kalahari Craton (3)
-
Karoo Basin (9)
-
Lesotho (1)
-
Namaqualand (3)
-
Namibia (10)
-
Orange River (1)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (3)
-
Cape fold belt (2)
-
Eastern Cape Province South Africa (2)
-
Free State South Africa (2)
-
KwaZulu-Natal South Africa (2)
-
Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton Mountain Land (1)
-
-
Murchison greenstone belt (1)
-
Northern Cape Province South Africa (2)
-
Sutherland South Africa (1)
-
Western Cape Province South Africa (1)
-
Witwatersrand (1)
-
-
Swaziland (4)
-
Zimbabwe
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Great Dyke (1)
-
-
-
West Africa
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Cameroon (2)
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Chad (1)
-
Nigeria
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Niger Delta (3)
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Sierra Leone (1)
-
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Zambezi Valley (1)
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Zimbabwe Craton (6)
-
-
Antarctica
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Antarctic ice sheet (1)
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Antarctic Peninsula (1)
-
East Antarctica (4)
-
Queen Maud Land (2)
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Transantarctic Mountains
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Beardmore Glacier (2)
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Victoria Land (2)
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Wilkes Land (1)
-
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Arctic Ocean
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Barents Sea (6)
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Beaufort Sea (1)
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Chukchi Sea (1)
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Lomonosov Ridge (1)
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Nares Strait (2)
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Norwegian Sea
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Haltenbanken (2)
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Voring Plateau (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
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Greenland
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Akilia (1)
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East Greenland (2)
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Isua Belt (1)
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Jameson Land (1)
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Northern Greenland (1)
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Nuuk Greenland (1)
-
Peary Land (2)
-
South Greenland (1)
-
West Greenland (3)
-
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Russian Arctic
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Wrangel Island (1)
-
-
Svalbard
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Spitsbergen (3)
-
-
-
Asia
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Altai Mountains
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Mongolian Altai (1)
-
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Amu Darya Basin (1)
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Arabian Peninsula
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Oman
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Oman Mountains (1)
-
-
Saudi Arabia (6)
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United Arab Emirates
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Abu Dhabi (2)
-
-
-
Baikal region (1)
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Central Asia
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Aral region (1)
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Kazakhstan
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Karatau Range (1)
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Lake Balkhash (1)
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Tengiz Field (1)
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Kyzylkum (2)
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Pamirs (6)
-
-
Far East
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Burma (3)
-
China
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Altun Mountains (1)
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Altyn Tagh Fault (1)
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Anhui China (1)
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Bohaiwan Basin (7)
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Da Hinggan Ling (1)
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Dabie Mountains (3)
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Datong China (1)
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Dongpu Depression (2)
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Fujian China (2)
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Gansu China (4)
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Guangdong China (1)
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Guangxi China (1)
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Guizhou China (7)
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Heilongjiang China
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Daqing Field (2)
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Henan China (1)
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Hubei China
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Hunan China (4)
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Inner Mongolia China
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Erlian Basin (1)
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Jiangsu China
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Jiangxi China (1)
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Jilin China (1)
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Kunlun Fault (1)
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Kunlun Mountains (9)
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Liaoning China
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Longmenshan (1)
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Nanpanjiang Basin (1)
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North China Platform (21)
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Ordos Basin (12)
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Qaidam Basin (15)
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Dongying Depression (2)
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Shanxi China (4)
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Sichuan Basin (16)
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Songliao Basin (10)
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Xianshuihe fault zone (1)
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Xinjiang China
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Hami Basin (1)
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Junggar (2)
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Junggar Basin (13)
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Kuqa Depression (2)
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Tahe Field (1)
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Turpan Basin (2)
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Urumqi China (1)
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Xizang China
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Lhasa Block (4)
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Yangtze Platform (8)
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Zhejiang China (1)
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Indochina (1)
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Indonesia
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Sumatra
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Toba Lake (1)
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Japan
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Hokkaido
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Kitami Basin (1)
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Honshu
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Iwate Japan (1)
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Zao (1)
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Korea
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North Korea (1)
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South Korea (3)
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Lesser Sunda Islands
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Timor
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East Timor (1)
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Mongolia
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Mongolian Altai (1)
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Philippine Islands
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Luzon
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Taal (1)
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Taiwan (4)
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Thailand (3)
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Gobi Desert (1)
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Himalayas
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Lesser Himalayas (2)
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Hindu Kush (1)
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Indian Peninsula
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Ganges River basin (1)
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India
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Andhra Pradesh India
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Anantapur India (1)
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Cuddapah Basin (3)
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Prakasam India (1)
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Chhattisgarh India (1)
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Dharwar Craton (3)
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Ghats
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Eastern Ghats (1)
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Gujarat India
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Haryana India (1)
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Himachal Pradesh India (2)
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Northeastern India
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Meghalaya India (1)
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Pranhita-Godavari Valley (1)
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Punjab India (1)
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Ramnagar India (1)
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Shillong Plateau (1)
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Sikkim India (1)
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Son Valley (2)
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Tamil Nadu India
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Ariyalur India (1)
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Uttar Pradesh India (2)
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West Bengal India
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Raniganj coal field (2)
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Yamuna River (2)
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Indo-Gangetic Plain (2)
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Jammu and Kashmir
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Jammu (1)
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Ladakh (1)
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Nepal (4)
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Pakistan
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Baluchistan Pakistan (2)
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Punjab Pakistan
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Salt Range (3)
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-
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Potwar Plateau (3)
-
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Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (4)
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Irkutsk Russian Federation (2)
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Kamchatka Russian Federation
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Kamchatka Peninsula
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Uzon (1)
-
-
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Karakoram (2)
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Kemerovo Russian Federation
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Prokopyevsk Russian Federation (1)
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Khamar-Daban Range (1)
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Kuznetsk Basin (3)
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Main Boundary Fault (1)
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Middle East
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Iran
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Iraq (4)
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Jordan (2)
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Turkish Aegean region (1)
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Zagros (12)
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Qiangtang Terrane (2)
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Salair Ridge (2)
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Siwalik Range (2)
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Tajikistan
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Tajik Depression (1)
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Tibetan Plateau (34)
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Tien Shan
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Transbaikalia (1)
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Uzbekistan (2)
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Zabaykalskiy Russian Federation (1)
-
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Atlantic Ocean
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Equatorial Atlantic (1)
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Mid-Atlantic Ridge
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North Atlantic
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Atlantis Massif (1)
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Hudson Bay (1)
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Irish Sea (1)
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North Sea
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Oseberg Field (1)
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Troll Field (1)
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Viking Graben (1)
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Northeast Atlantic (2)
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South Atlantic
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Atlantic Ocean Islands
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Tenerife (1)
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Atlantic region (1)
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atmosphere (3)
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Australasia
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Australia
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South Australia
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New Zealand
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Taupo volcanic zone (5)
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bacteria
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coliform bacteria
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Escherichia
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barite deposits (1)
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bibliography (18)
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boron
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Canada
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Mesozoic
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Dakota Formation (17)
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Lower Cretaceous
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Agrio Formation (1)
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Albian
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lower Albian (2)
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upper Albian (6)
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Aptian
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Shuaiba Formation (1)
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Lower Greensand (2)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Almond Formation (9)
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Belle Fourche Shale (6)
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lower Campanian (3)
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upper Campanian (10)
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Cardium Formation (3)
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Carlile Shale (9)
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Cenomanian
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Dunvegan Formation (5)
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Codell Sandstone Member (2)
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Ferron Sandstone Member (13)
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Frontier Formation (29)
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Hell Creek Formation (18)
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K-T boundary (32)
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Maestrichtian
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upper Maestrichtian (7)
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Marilia Formation (2)
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Mesaverde Group (29)
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Parkman Sandstone (1)
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Point Loma Formation (1)
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Shannon Sandstone Member (4)
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Star Point Sandstone (2)
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Straight Cliffs Formation (9)
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Tropic Shale (1)
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Tununk Member (1)
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Turonian
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lower Turonian (1)
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middle Turonian (4)
-
-
Tuscaloosa Formation (5)
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Two Medicine Formation (8)
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Wahweap Formation (5)
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Wall Creek Member (2)
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Williams Fork Formation (8)
-
-
Viking Formation (13)
-
Whitemud Formation (2)
-
-
Franciscan Complex (4)
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Great Valley Sequence (4)
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Jurassic
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Arapien Shale (2)
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Aztec Sandstone (2)
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Carmel Formation (6)
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Clarens Formation (1)
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Fernie Formation (3)
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Heather Formation (1)
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Kirkpatrick Basalt (1)
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Ladner Group (1)
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Lower Jurassic
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Dunlin Group (1)
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Nordegg Member (1)
-
Pliensbachian (1)
-
Toarcian (3)
-
upper Liassic (1)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Aalenian (1)
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Bajocian (5)
-
Bathonian (4)
-
Callovian (3)
-
Page Sandstone (3)
-
Summerville Formation (2)
-
Todilto Formation (2)
-
Xishanyao Formation (2)
-
-
Norphlet Formation (5)
-
Oxford Clay (1)
-
San Rafael Group (3)
-
Twin Creek Limestone (6)
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Arab Formation (1)
-
Bowser Lake Group (2)
-
Brushy Basin Member (4)
-
Buckner Formation (2)
-
Cotton Valley Group (1)
-
Entrada Sandstone (10)
-
Galice Formation (1)
-
Haynesville Formation (2)
-
Jeanne d'Arc Formation (1)
-
Kimmeridge Clay (1)
-
Kimmeridgian
-
upper Kimmeridgian (1)
-
-
Morrison Formation (26)
-
Oxfordian (4)
-
Salt Wash Sandstone Member (4)
-
Smackover Formation (3)
-
Sundance Formation (9)
-
Swift Formation (3)
-
Tithonian (4)
-
Volgian (1)
-
-
-
Kayenta Formation (3)
-
lower Mesozoic (4)
-
McHugh Complex (1)
-
Mist Mountain Formation (1)
-
Moenave Formation (1)
-
Navajo Sandstone (24)
-
Newark Supergroup (1)
-
Nugget Sandstone (12)
-
Sandilands Formation (1)
-
Statfjord Formation (1)
-
Triassic
-
Chanares Formation (2)
-
Hawkesbury Sandstone (3)
-
Lower Triassic
-
Bunter (3)
-
Dinwoody Formation (6)
-
Olenekian (1)
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (13)
-
Scythian (1)
-
Smithian (3)
-
Spathian (1)
-
Thaynes Formation (4)
-
-
Middle Triassic
-
Anisian (4)
-
Doig Formation (4)
-
Ladinian (4)
-
Muschelkalk (1)
-
-
Moenkopi Formation (11)
-
Montney Formation (3)
-
Nicola Group (1)
-
Red Peak Formation (3)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian
-
Ischigualasto Formation (1)
-
-
Chinle Formation (23)
-
Crow Mountain Sandstone (1)
-
Dockum Group (1)
-
Molteno Formation (1)
-
Norian (10)
-
Petrified Forest Member (2)
-
Redonda Formation (1)
-
Rhaetian (3)
-
Shinarump Member (5)
-
Stormberg Series (1)
-
Xujiahe Formation (1)
-
Yanchang Formation (5)
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (4)
-
Vaca Muerta Formation (2)
-
Wingate Sandstone (3)
-
Yanshanian (4)
-
-
metal ores
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antimony ores (3)
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base metals (4)
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beryllium ores (1)
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chromite ores (2)
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cobalt ores (1)
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copper ores (36)
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gold ores (42)
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IOCG deposits (1)
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iron ores (4)
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lead ores (10)
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lead-zinc deposits (7)
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lithium ores (2)
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manganese ores (2)
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mercury ores (3)
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molybdenum ores (13)
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nickel ores (10)
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niobium ores (1)
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palladium ores (1)
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platinum ores (13)
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polymetallic ores (4)
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rare earth deposits (9)
-
silver ores (16)
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tin ores (2)
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titanium ores (1)
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tungsten ores (2)
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uranium ores (29)
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vanadium ores (1)
-
zinc ores (13)
-
-
metals
-
actinides
-
protactinium
-
Pa-231 (1)
-
-
thorium
-
Th-230 (1)
-
Th-232 (1)
-
-
uranium
-
U-234 (1)
-
U-235 (1)
-
U-238 (2)
-
U-238/U-234 (2)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
lithium
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
-
potassium (11)
-
rubidium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
-
sodium (8)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (6)
-
beryllium
-
Be-10 (33)
-
Be-10/Be-9 (2)
-
-
calcium
-
Ca-44/Ca-40 (1)
-
Sr/Ca (2)
-
-
magnesium (14)
-
radium
-
Ra-226 (2)
-
Ra-228/Ra-226 (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
Sr/Ca (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (97)
-
-
-
aluminum
-
Al-26 (10)
-
-
arsenic (2)
-
bismuth (2)
-
chromium (4)
-
cobalt (1)
-
copper (2)
-
gallium (1)
-
gold (4)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (36)
-
-
iron
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
-
ferrous iron (2)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (24)
-
Pb-207 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (14)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (10)
-
Pb-208 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (10)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
manganese (2)
-
mercury (2)
-
molybdenum (2)
-
nickel (2)
-
niobium (5)
-
platinum group
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (6)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (2)
-
-
palladium (1)
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum ores (13)
-
-
precious metals (3)
-
rare earths
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cerium (4)
-
europium (5)
-
lanthanum (2)
-
lutetium (7)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (76)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (15)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (15)
-
-
scandium (2)
-
ytterbium (3)
-
yttrium (5)
-
-
rhenium
-
Re-187/Os-188 (2)
-
-
silver (1)
-
tin (1)
-
titanium (9)
-
vanadium (4)
-
zinc (3)
-
zirconium (2)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (26)
-
cataclasites (6)
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eclogite (10)
-
garnetite (1)
-
gneisses
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augen gneiss (1)
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biotite gneiss (2)
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granite gneiss (3)
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orthogneiss (11)
-
paragneiss (7)
-
-
granulites (6)
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hornfels (2)
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impactites (4)
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marbles (8)
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metacarbonate rocks (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
meta-anorthosite (1)
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metabasite (2)
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metagabbro (2)
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metagranite (6)
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metarhyolite (1)
-
metatuff (2)
-
-
metaplutonic rocks (3)
-
metasedimentary rocks
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khondalite (1)
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meta-arkose (1)
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metaconglomerate (3)
-
metapelite (9)
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metasandstone (2)
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paragneiss (7)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
fenite (2)
-
skarn (10)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (12)
-
migmatites
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anatexite (1)
-
-
mylonites
-
pseudotachylite (5)
-
ultramylonite (1)
-
-
phyllites (3)
-
quartzites (25)
-
schists
-
biotite schist (1)
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blueschist (3)
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greenschist (1)
-
greenstone (2)
-
-
slates (1)
-
-
metamorphism (135)
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metasomatism (94)
-
meteorites
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stony meteorites
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achondrites
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Martian meteorites
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SNC Meteorites (1)
-
-
-
chondrites
-
ordinary chondrites
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H chondrites
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Tieschitz Meteorite (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Mexico
-
Baja California (1)
-
Baja California Mexico (3)
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Campeche Mexico (1)
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Chihuahua Mexico (2)
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Coahuila Mexico (6)
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Guanajuato Mexico (1)
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Guerrero Terrane (3)
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Hidalgo Mexico (1)
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Jalisco Mexico (1)
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La Popa Basin (2)
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Nuevo Leon Mexico (2)
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Oaxaca Mexico (4)
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Puebla Mexico (1)
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Sabinas Basin (1)
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Sierra Madre del Sur (1)
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Sierra Madre Occidental (3)
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Sierra Madre Oriental (1)
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Sonora Mexico (6)
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Tabasco Mexico (1)
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Trans-Mexican volcanic belt (2)
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Yucatan Mexico (1)
-
-
micropaleontology (3)
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mineral deposits, genesis (95)
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mineral exploration (52)
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mineral resources (6)
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mineralogy (5)
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minerals (5)
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mining geology (5)
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Mohorovicic discontinuity (18)
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Moon (2)
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mud volcanoes (1)
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museums (4)
-
nitrogen
-
N-15/N-14 (4)
-
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-36 (2)
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (5)
-
-
helium
-
He-3 (4)
-
He-4 (1)
-
He-4/He-3 (5)
-
-
krypton
-
Kr-84 (1)
-
-
neon
-
Ne-20 (1)
-
Ne-21 (2)
-
-
radon
-
Rn-222 (1)
-
-
xenon
-
Xe-136/Xe-130 (1)
-
-
-
nodules (1)
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nonmetal deposits (1)
-
North America
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Appalachian Basin (22)
-
Appalachians
-
Appalachian Plateau (8)
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Blue Ridge Mountains (1)
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Blue Ridge Province (2)
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Central Appalachians (7)
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Northern Appalachians (5)
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Piedmont (3)
-
Southern Appalachians (7)
-
Valley and Ridge Province (4)
-
-
Basin and Range Province
-
Great Basin (39)
-
-
Belt Basin (7)
-
Canadian Shield
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Churchill Province
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Hearne Province (10)
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Rae Province (4)
-
Snowbird tectonic zone (1)
-
-
Flin Flon Belt (3)
-
Grenville Province
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Central Metasedimentary Belt (2)
-
-
Nain Province (1)
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Slave Province (10)
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Southern Province (1)
-
Superior Province
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Abitibi Belt (2)
-
-
Taltson magmatic zone (2)
-
-
Chihuahuan Desert (1)
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Coast plutonic complex (2)
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Dakota Aquifer (2)
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Denali Fault (2)
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Disturbed Belt (3)
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Glacier National Park (3)
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Great Lakes
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Lake Huron (1)
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Lake Michigan (1)
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Lake Ontario (1)
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Lake Superior (1)
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Great Lakes region (3)
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Great Plains
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Northern Great Plains (20)
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Southern Great Plains (1)
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Grenville Front (1)
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Gulf Coastal Plain (39)
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Humber Zone (2)
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Intermontane Belt (2)
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Keweenawan Rift (3)
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Michigan Basin (8)
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Mississippi River basin (2)
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Missouri River basin (1)
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Niagara Escarpment (1)
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North American Cordillera
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Canadian Cordillera (19)
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North American Craton (6)
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Omineca Belt (1)
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Pedregosa Basin (2)
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Peninsular Ranges Batholith (2)
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Purcell Mountains (1)
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Rio Grande Rift (33)
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Rocky Mountains
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Canadian Rocky Mountains (16)
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Central Rocky Mountains (3)
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Northern Rocky Mountains (29)
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Southern Rocky Mountains (27)
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U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Absaroka Range
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Beartooth Mountains (12)
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Bighorn Mountains (16)
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Bitterroot Range
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Beaverhead Mountains (3)
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Bridger Range (5)
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Flint Creek Range (2)
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Gore Range (2)
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Gravelly Range (1)
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Laramie Mountains (9)
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Little Belt Mountains (3)
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Medicine Bow Mountains (11)
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Owl Creek Mountains (10)
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San Juan Mountains (9)
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Sangre de Cristo Mountains (13)
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Sawatch Range (9)
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Spanish Peaks (3)
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Tobacco Root Mountains (5)
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Uinta Mountains (20)
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Wasatch Range (7)
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Wet Mountains (8)
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Wind River Range (16)
-
-
-
Rocky Mountains foreland (15)
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Saint Lawrence Lowlands (1)
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Shuswap Complex (1)
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Slide Mountain Terrane (1)
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Sonoran Desert (3)
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Sweetgrass Arch (9)
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Transcontinental Arch (7)
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Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (28)
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Western Interior
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Western Interior Seaway (52)
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Western Overthrust Belt (18)
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Williston Basin (69)
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Yakutat Terrane (6)
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Yukon River (1)
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Yukon-Tanana Terrane (3)
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Yukon-Tanana Upland (1)
-
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Northern Hemisphere (3)
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ocean basins (5)
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ocean circulation (3)
-
Ocean Drilling Program
-
Leg 104 (1)
-
Leg 113
-
ODP Site 690 (1)
-
-
Leg 159
-
ODP Site 959 (1)
-
-
Leg 174AX (2)
-
Leg 189
-
ODP Site 1172 (1)
-
-
Leg 190
-
ODP Site 1175 (1)
-
ODP Site 1176 (1)
-
-
Leg 193
-
ODP Site 1188 (1)
-
-
Leg 194
-
ODP Site 1193 (1)
-
-
ODP Site 735 (1)
-
-
ocean floors (7)
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ocean waves (1)
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Oceania
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Melanesia
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New Caledonia (1)
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Micronesia
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Mariana Islands (1)
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Polynesia
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Hawaii
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Honolulu County Hawaii
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Oahu
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Honolulu Hawaii (1)
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-
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Maui County Hawaii
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Maui
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Haleakala (1)
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-
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Mauna Loa (1)
-
-
-
-
oceanography (1)
-
oil and gas fields (164)
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orogeny (202)
-
oxygen
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dissolved oxygen (1)
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O-18 (3)
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O-18/O-16 (174)
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-
Pacific Coast (7)
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Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific
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Northeast Pacific
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Cascadia Basin (3)
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Gulf of California (5)
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Mendocino fracture zone (3)
-
-
-
North Pacific
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Northeast Pacific
-
Cascadia Basin (3)
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Gulf of California (5)
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Mendocino fracture zone (3)
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Northwest Pacific
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Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
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Mariana Trench (1)
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Nankai Trough (1)
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Shatsky Rise (2)
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South China Sea
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Gulf of Thailand (2)
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Malay Basin (1)
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Qiongdongnan Basin (1)
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Yinggehai Basin (2)
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Zhujiangkou Basin (2)
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Yellow Sea
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Bohai Sea
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Bohai Bay (5)
-
-
-
-
-
Pacific Basin (1)
-
South Pacific
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Southwest Pacific
-
Bismarck Sea
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Manus Basin
-
PACMANUS hydrothermal field (1)
-
-
-
Coral Sea
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Marion Plateau (1)
-
-
Gulf of Carpentaria (2)
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Tasman Sea (1)
-
-
-
West Pacific
-
Northwest Pacific
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Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
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Mariana Trench (1)
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Nankai Trough (1)
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Shatsky Rise (2)
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South China Sea
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Gulf of Thailand (2)
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Malay Basin (1)
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Qiongdongnan Basin (1)
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Yinggehai Basin (2)
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Zhujiangkou Basin (2)
-
-
Yellow Sea
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Bohai Sea
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Bohai Bay (5)
-
-
-
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Bismarck Sea
-
Manus Basin
-
PACMANUS hydrothermal field (1)
-
-
-
Coral Sea
-
Marion Plateau (1)
-
-
Gulf of Carpentaria (2)
-
Tasman Sea (1)
-
-
-
-
Pacific region
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Circum-Pacific region (2)
-
-
paleobotany (6)
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paleoclimatology (255)
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paleoecology (245)
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paleogeography (400)
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paleomagnetism (107)
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paleontology (53)
-
Paleozoic
-
Arbuckle Group (1)
-
Cambrian
-
Brigham Group (2)
-
Lancara Formation (1)
-
Lower Cambrian
-
Poleta Formation (2)
-
Rome Formation (1)
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Terreneuvian (2)
-
Zabriskie Quartzite (1)
-
-
Middle Cambrian
-
Flathead Sandstone (4)
-
-
Mount Read Volcanics (1)
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Furongian
-
Jiangshanian (3)
-
Paibian (1)
-
-
Lamotte Sandstone (1)
-
Mount Simon Sandstone (3)
-
Orr Formation (2)
-
Pilgrim Formation (1)
-
Steptoean (4)
-
Wilberns Formation (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Albert Formation (2)
-
Amsden Formation (3)
-
Big Snowy Group (1)
-
Ely Limestone (2)
-
Jackfork Group (1)
-
Johns Valley Formation (1)
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Asbian (1)
-
Dinantian (7)
-
-
Mississippian
-
Barnett Shale (10)
-
Chainman Shale (1)
-
Charles Formation (3)
-
Leadville Formation (2)
-
Lower Mississippian
-
Kinderhookian
-
Banff Formation (2)
-
-
Lake Valley Formation (2)
-
Lodgepole Formation (10)
-
Osagian
-
Burlington Limestone (1)
-
-
Tournaisian
-
upper Tournaisian (1)
-
-
-
Madison Group (27)
-
Middle Mississippian
-
Visean (2)
-
-
Mission Canyon Limestone (7)
-
Redwall Limestone (2)
-
Upper Mississippian
-
Chesterian
-
Imo Formation (1)
-
-
Fayetteville Formation (1)
-
Greenbrier Limestone (1)
-
Hartselle Sandstone (1)
-
Heath Formation (1)
-
Hinton Formation (1)
-
Mauch Chunk Formation (1)
-
Meramecian
-
Salem Limestone (1)
-
-
Pitkin Limestone (1)
-
Serpukhovian (3)
-
-
Valmeyeran (1)
-
-
Namurian (1)
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Cumberland Group (1)
-
Joggins Formation (2)
-
Lower Pennsylvanian
-
Bashkirian (1)
-
Haymond Formation (2)
-
Morrowan (2)
-
-
Mary Lee Coal (1)
-
Middle Pennsylvanian
-
Allegheny Group (1)
-
Atokan (4)
-
Carbondale Formation (1)
-
Desmoinesian
-
Cherokee Group (1)
-
Marmaton Group (1)
-
-
Kanawha Formation (1)
-
Moscovian (3)
-
Paradox Formation (4)
-
Tradewater Formation (1)
-
-
Minturn Formation (2)
-
Monongahela Group (2)
-
Morrow Formation (1)
-
Pottsville Group (1)
-
Red Fork Sandstone (2)
-
Strawn Series (1)
-
Upper Pennsylvanian
-
Gzhelian (1)
-
Missourian
-
Lansing Group (1)
-
-
Virgilian (4)
-
Wescogame Formation (1)
-
-
Watahomigi Formation (1)
-
-
Tesnus Formation (1)
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Millstone Grit (1)
-
-
-
Casper Formation (1)
-
Catskill Formation (1)
-
Chattanooga Shale (1)
-
Cow Head Group (1)
-
Deadwood Formation (6)
-
Devonian
-
Beaverhill Lake Group (1)
-
Keg River Formation (1)
-
Lower Devonian
-
Emsian (1)
-
Oriskany Sandstone (3)
-
-
Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (2)
-
Elk Point Group (1)
-
Givetian (4)
-
Hamilton Group (1)
-
Mahantango Formation (1)
-
Marcellus Shale (10)
-
Moscow Formation (1)
-
Nahanni Formation (1)
-
Onondaga Limestone (2)
-
Prairie Evaporite (4)
-
Winnipegosis Formation (2)
-
-
Miette Complex (1)
-
Old Red Sandstone (3)
-
Slave Point Formation (1)
-
Swan Hills Formation (1)
-
Traverse Group (1)
-
Upper Devonian
-
Canadaway Group (1)
-
Chemung Formation (1)
-
Duperow Formation (2)
-
Famennian
-
upper Famennian (2)
-
Wabamun Group (3)
-
-
Frasnian
-
Leduc Formation (2)
-
-
Jefferson Group (6)
-
Ohio Shale (1)
-
Palliser Formation (3)
-
-
-
Dunkard Group (2)
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Ellis Bay Formation (3)
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Permian
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Opeche Shale (1)
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Lyons Sandstone (6)
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Permian-Triassic boundary (13)
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Supai Formation (3)
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Florida
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Honolulu County Hawaii
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Oahu
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Idaho
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Idaho Batholith (17)
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Illinois
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Kentucky
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Michigan Upper Peninsula
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Midcontinent (32)
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Minnesota
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Mississippi
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Missouri
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Montana
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Hebgen Lake (5)
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Garfield County Montana (6)
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Liberty County Montana (2)
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Moxa Arch (10)
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Nebraska
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Nevada
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Pershing County Nevada
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McKinley County New Mexico
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Roosevelt County New Mexico (1)
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Santa Fe County New Mexico (5)
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Socorro County New Mexico
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Taos County New Mexico
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Questa Caldera (2)
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Taos Plateau (2)
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Torrance County New Mexico (2)
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Tusas Mountains (5)
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Valencia County New Mexico
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New York
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Finger Lakes
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Onondaga County New York
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Ulster County New York (1)
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North Carolina
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North Dakota
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Ogallala Aquifer (1)
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Ohio
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Athens County Ohio
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Ohio River basin (1)
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Oklahoma
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Arbuckle Uplift (1)
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Oregon
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Pennsylvania
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South Carolina
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South Dakota
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Badlands National Park (5)
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Tennessee
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Washington County Tennessee (2)
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Texas
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Amarillo Uplift (2)
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Big Bend National Park (12)
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Burnet County Texas (2)
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-
Fort Worth Basin (12)
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Llano Uplift (2)
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Lubbock Texas (1)
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Marathon Geosyncline (2)
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Midland Basin (5)
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Pecos County Texas (2)
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Reeves County Texas (2)
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West Texas (28)
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Wise County Texas (2)
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Zapata County Texas (1)
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Zavala County Texas (1)
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-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Absaroka Range
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Beartooth Mountains (12)
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Bighorn Mountains (16)
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Bitterroot Range
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Bridger Range (5)
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Flint Creek Range (2)
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Laramie Mountains (9)
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Medicine Bow Mountains (11)
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Owl Creek Mountains (10)
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Sangre de Cristo Mountains (13)
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Sawatch Range (9)
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Spanish Peaks (3)
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Tobacco Root Mountains (5)
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Uinta Mountains (20)
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Wind River Range (16)
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Uinta Basin (26)
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Uncompahgre Uplift (6)
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Utah
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Beaver County Utah
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Mineral Mountains (1)
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Bingham mining district (1)
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Box Elder County Utah (6)
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Canyonlands National Park (2)
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Carbon County Utah (6)
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Garfield County Utah (13)
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Moab Utah (2)
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-
Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument (4)
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Henry Mountains (5)
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Iron County Utah (3)
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Juab County Utah (5)
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Kaiparowits Plateau (13)
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Kane County Utah (6)
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
southwestern Wyoming
THE OCCURRENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF ULCERATIVE SHELL DISEASE (USD) ON GEOEMYDID TURTLES, MIDDLE EOCENE, SOUTHWESTERN WYOMING, UNITED STATES Available to Purchase
Seismic response to paleo-sand dunes in the Nugget Sandstone Formation, southwestern Wyoming Available to Purchase
Aceroryctes dulcis , a new palaeoryctid (Mammalia, Eutheria) from the early Eocene of the Wasatch Formation of southwestern Wyoming, USA Available to Purchase
Forebulge Migration: A Three-dimensional Flexural Numerical Modeling and Subsurface Study of Southwestern Wyoming Available to Purchase
Abstract The recognition of a forebulge in the subsurface is difficult because of its low amplitude and wide extent. It is further complicated by the subsequent tectonic modification (by the Laramide orogeny in this case) that may have overprinted the forebulge with complex younger structural patterns. Three-dimensional (3-D) flexural numerical modeling provides a strong supportive tool to help predict forebulge locations and focus subsurface search on their subtle isopach expression. Based on detailed well-log correlations and good outcrop control, three regional cross sections were established to identify Late Cretaceous forebulges in southwestern Wyoming. Along these sections in the Greater Green River Basin (two east-west and one northwest-southeast), the existence of forebulges was only recognized in the southern section. In response to the progressive eastward movement of the Crawford, early Absaroka, and late Absaroka thrusts, the forebulge migrated eastward to the Moxa Arch, the Rock Springs Uplift, and the Washakie Basin, respectively. The 3-D flexural modeling indicates that the forebulge was limited in its extent only to the southern part of the basin because of the distribution of thrust loads. The forebulge shifted southeastward over time because of the migration of these loads. The 3-D flexural modeling is critical to understanding Late Cretaceous forebulge migration across southwestern Wyoming.
A geologic deconstruction of one of the world's largest natural accumulations of CO 2 , Moxa arch, southwestern Wyoming Available to Purchase
Iles clastic wedge development and sediment partitioning within a 300-km fluvial to marine Campanian transect (3 m.y.), Western Interior seaway, southwestern Wyoming and northern Colorado Available to Purchase
Characterization of porosity and permeability for CO 2 sequestration models in the Mississippian Madison Group, Moxa Arch–LaBarge Platform, southwestern Wyoming Available to Purchase
Ceratopsid dinosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous Almond Formation of southwestern Wyoming Available to Purchase
Late Paleocene–early Eocene climate changes in southwestern Wyoming: Paleobotanical analysis Available to Purchase
Portrait of a late Paleocene (early Clarkforkian) terrestrial ecosystem; Big Multi Quarry and associated strata, Washakie Basin, southwestern Wyoming Available to Purchase
Detrital mantle indicator minerals in southwestern Wyoming, U.S.A; evaluation of mantle environment, igneous host, and diamond exploration significance Free
The February 3, 1995, M L 5.1 Seismic Event in the Trona Mining District of Southwestern Wyoming Available to Purchase
Paleoenvironments, lithofacies and varves of the Fossil Butte Member of the Eocene Green River Formation, southwestern Wyoming Available to Purchase
Extensional reactivation of thrust faults accompanied by coseismic surface rupture, southwestern Wyoming and north-central Utah Available to Purchase
Primary controls on total reserves, thickness, geometry, and distribution of coal seams: Upper Cretaceous Adaville Formation, southwestern Wyoming Available to Purchase
A comprehensive surface and subsurface study of the Upper Cretaceous Lazeart Sandstone Member of the Adaville Formation and the lower coal-bearing part of the Adaville Formation in the southwestern Wyoming thrust belt reveals a complex inter-tonguing of marine and nonmarine strata. During late Santonian and early Campanian time, the Lazeart wave-dominated deltaic system prograded southeastward onto a storm-influenced microtidal shelf. Sediments of the Lazeart Sandstone Member accumulated within storm-dominated lower shoreface, barred fair-weather upper shoreface, foreshore, washover, mouth bar, flood tidal delta, and tidal channel subenvironments. Landward of the strand line, sediments of the Adaville Formation were deposited within active distributary, channel margin, bay-head delta, slough, interdistributary swamp, lake, interdistributary bay, salt marsh, lagoon, interdeltaic bay, and peat-forming swamp subenvironments. Nine transgressive-regressive pulses of this wave-dominated deltaic system were superimposed on the regressive portion of the Niobrara Cyclothem. Thicknesses of noncoal strata, grain size, and sand percent all decrease away from channels and thickness and lateral continuity of coal increase. Because of differential compaction, areas with thick peat deposits became sites of deposition of active channel, channel margin, and slough facies. Subsequently, many of these sites once again evolved into areas of thick peat accumulation. Individual seam thickness is limited by the magnitude of the associated transgressive-regressive pulse. During regressions of limited areal extent, coastal swamps remained in one place for a long period of time, and thick peats were deposited. High subsidence rates favored such limited regressions and the development of thick, localized coal seams. Local subsidence rates were highest when shoreface sands prograded into deeper water directly over marine muds. Thickest coal seams overlie and intertongue with thick shoreface, foreshore, and washover fan sandbodies. Subsidence of the sandbodies maintained a high water table and contributed to the development of stable peat swamps. In interdeltaic regions, lower sediment loads and rates of subsidence led to the accumulation of thinner peats. The distribution and total reserves of coal seams within the Adaville coal field is controlled by the number of transgressive-regressive pulses and their geographic extent. Vertical stacking of the regressive sand bodies maximizes total coal reserves for a given locality. Stacked shallow marine sandbodies and high total coal reserves for the Adaville Formation are a consequence of relative sea-level rise during a period of isostatic compensation to thrust and sediment loads of the Sevier Orogenic Belt.
Mixed Carbonates and Siliciclastics in a Mississippian Paleokarst Setting, Southwestern Wyoming Thrust Belt Available to Purchase
Abstract Cores from the giant Whitney Canyon-Carter Creek gas field in western Wyoming show the nature of a siliciclastic filled karsted carbonate surface in an area with limited outcrop exposure. Regional outcrop studies by others document that a large carbonate platform was subaerially exposed during early Meramecian through Chesterian time across Wyoming, creating a karst surface on the Madison Limestone. From Chesterian to Morrowan time, a west-to-east marine transgression filled solution features with siliciclastic material of the Morgan (Amsden) Formation and equivalents. At Whitney Canyon-Carter Creek Field, the upper Mission Canyon Formation (Madison equivalent) contains this mixed carbonate and siliciclastic facies. The uppermost 70 to 100 ft (21 to 30 m) of the Mission Canyon at Whitney Canyon-Carter Creek is a correlatable transition zone from preserved evaporite and dolostone beds beneath to the overlying siliciclastics of the Morgan Formation. Cores contain fractured and stylolitized carbonates that underwent solution collapse and brecciation due to dissolution and the subsequent filling of cracks and vugs by siliciclastic sands. Solution-collapse breccias in the cores have a sandstone matrix and dolostone clasts that are rounded, stained to a pinkish hue, locally capped by red clay drapes, and sometimes aligned as if deposited by a current. Breccias interpreted as tectonic in origin have only cement with no matrix and contain angular clasts with matching clast boundaries, i.e., fitted, indicating that fracturing occurred without any extensive dislocation of the clasts. The mixing of carbonates and siliciclastics within brecciated intervals is significant because these observations suggest that the Mississippian karst plain and associated shoreline extended considerably further west than previously thought, especially when thrust belt structural positions are restored. Evidence presented here suggests that the maximum western shoreline position was at least 20 miles (32.5 km) west of the Utah-Wyoming border.
Mission Canyon (Mississippian) Reservoir Study, Whitney Canyon-Carter Creek Field, Southwestern Wyoming Available to Purchase
Abstract Geologic data from conventional cores and wireline logs have been used to better understand the controls on reservoir-quality porosity within the Mission Canyon formation of Whitney Canyon-Carter Creek Field. The Mission Canyon Formation (Madison Limestone Group) is a thick, regressive sequence that has been subdivided by previous workers into three major stratigraphic units: (1) a lower section of very fine-grained, black to dark gray limestone and dolomite deposited in a starved, anaerobic basin; (2) a middle "main" porosity zone of dolomite and limestone that accumulated on an oxygenated shelf; and (3) an upper fractured and brecciated section of sabkha dolomite and anhydrite. The upper unit was extensively altered during subsequent solution brecciation. All three stratigraphic units were observed in cores from the field, but the middle section was studied in most detail. Most Mission Canyon production in Whitney Canyon-Carter Creek Field occurs from porous dolomites of the middle "main" producing zone. This section is 300 to 350 feet thick and consists of porous dolomites interbedded with tight, finely crystalline calcitic dolomites or tight lime grainstones. The reservoir dolomites contain intercrystalline, moldic, fracture, and vug porosities. The best reservoir intervals have skeletal-moldie and intercrystalline porosities of greater than 9% and permeabilities exceeding 0.7 md. Although the earliest stages of diagenesis seem to have created the pprosity patterns observed in the reservoir, the carbonates were intensely stylolitized and fractured during burial and subsequent thrusting. Porosity was partially filled with later-stage calcite and anhydrite cements that are possibly related to fracturing. A similar vertical succession of facies was recognized in all of the cores. The wells are oriented roughly parallel to depositional strike of the facies and little variation occurred in that direction; therefore, the facies and porous dolomite zones are correlated easily where faults or other structural problems do not limit communication. Good stratigraphie horizontal communication apparently exists throughout the reservoir as only minor rock variability and differential cementation are present along layers. Vertical communication may be restricted by thin, tight limestone layers.
The interaction of the Moxa Arch (La Barge Platform) with the Cordilleran thrust belt, south of Snider Basin, southwestern Wyoming Available to Purchase
Interaction of the Rocky Mountain foreland and the Cordilleran thrust belt has taken place in the Snider Basin area, west of Big Piney, Wyoming. Here, the central segment (La Barge Platform) of the Moxa Arch, a Late Cretaceous, basement-cored uplift, plunges northwestward beneath, and disrupts the continuity of, the Darby, Hogs-back, and Prospect thrusts. Although to the north and south of the La Barge Platform, basement shortening appears to have been along low-angle thrust faults, this was probably not the case for the platform. The 2,600 m of west-verging structural relief along the southwest limb of the La Barge Platform occurs over about 5 km of horizontal distance and might be the result of shortening of the basement across a zone of discrete, closely spaced reverse faults, generally restricted to basement. This shear zone (here termed the La Barge shear zone) dips about 60°NE. Shortening in the basement appears to have been matched by shortening of the cover rocks along a pair of west-dipping reverse faults, the upper of which is the Tip-Top thrust. According to our interpretation, Tip-Top thrusting was synchronous with the emplacement of the La Barge Platform and thus predated the Hogsback thrust. Our work confirms earlier interpretations that the Darby and Prospect thrusts link in the subsurface below Snider Basin and continue to the south as the Hogsback thrust. According to our interpretation, Hogsback thrusting is a composite of Paleocene Prospect thrust movement and later Darby thrusting. In the area of the La Barge Platform, the Hogsback thrust was localized by following west-dipping Cretaceous beds on the monocline above the La Barge shear zone.
Sedimentary Facies and Reservoir Characteristics of Frontier Formation Sandstones, Southwestern Wyoming Available to Purchase
Abstract The lower Frontier Formation in the Moxa arch area of southwestern Wyoming is one of the most prolific gas–producing formations in the Rocky Mountain region. In this study, sedimentologic and stratigraphic analyses were conducted on cores and logs of Frontier wells from the Whiskey Butte and Moxa fields. Lower Frontier sediments were deposited as strandplains and coalescing wave–dominated deltas that prograded into the western margin of the Cretaceous interior seaway during Cenomanian time. Twelve sedimentary facies have been identified. The most common sequence consists of burrowed to cross–bedded nearshore marine (delta front, shore–face and inner–shelf) sandstones disconformably overlain by cross–bedded (active) to soft–sediment deformed (abandoned) distributary–channel sandstones and conglomerates. The sequence is generally capped by delta plain mudstones and silty sandstones. Low permeability sandstone reservoir facies are nonhomoge– neous and include crevasse splay, abandoned and active distributary channel, shoreface, foreshore, and inner shelf sandstones. Distributary–channel facies form 80% of perforated intervals in wells in the southern part of the Moxa area but only 50% to the north. Channel sandstone bodies occur on the same stratigraphic horizon, are laterally discontinuous with numerous permeability barriers, and are occasionally stacked. Upper shoreface and foreshore sandstones thicken to the north and east and are more laterally continuous than channel facies. The percentage of perforated intervals in upper shoreface and foreshore facies increases from 20% in the south to 50% in the north. The lower Frontier sandstones contain strike–oriented shoreface (delta front) and dip–oriented distributary channel sand bodies in approximately equivalent amounts. Delta–plain mudstones thin to the north and east and are an important stratigraphic seal. Highest gas production rates are from distributary channel sandstones closer to the axis of the Moxa arch. However, there appears to be little correlation between the thickness of any reservior facies and net production.