PLATE 3 All Environmental SEM micrographs. Scale bar = 10 μm.
 1–3 Core M98-4, 130 cm. Spiniferites cruciformis with reduced processes. 1. Dorsal view showing reduced processes and outline of paratabulation. 2. Ventral view of specimen with reduced processes and paratabulation in the apical

penitabular crests of paraplate 3’’’ in detail; 5. paratabulation of dorsal view; 6. dorsal view of ventral surface showing the paratabulation. 7–12, paratypes. Scale bar = 30 µm (all images at the same scale).

Figure 4 Paratabulation of Palaecysta gen. nov.

Figure 6 Paratabulation of Palaecysta morondavaensis sp. nov.

Figure 7 Paratabulation of Palaecysta palmula subsp. ankamotraensis subsp. nov.

Figure 8 Paratabulation of Palaecysta virgae subsp. externa subsp. nov.

Figure 5 Paratabulation of Palaecysta integra sp. nov.; type specimen of the type species.

Fig. 3. Inferred paratabulation of the dorsal surface of Cordosphaeridium catherineae sp. nov. based on the arrangement of processes using Kofoid-notation, demonstrating that the cyst conforms to standard gonyaulacoid tabulation. Note the distinctive elongated antapical process.

Text-Figure 7. Hapsocysta kysingensis sp. nov. with paratabulation indicated. Upper and lower surfaces are shown as exterior views. The specimens are also shown in Plate 5 . A: Holotype. B: Paratype 1. C: Paratype 2.

Fig. 2. Schematic sketch of the reduced paratabulation pattern of Tetratropis terrina sp. nov.: ( a ) side view; ( b ) apical view; ( c ) antapical view. A, archaeopyle; PRS, pre-cingular segment; CR, cingular ridge; POS, post-cingular segment; ANR, antapical ridge; ANS, antapical segment.

, holotype, Pechora Depression, Borehole No. 228, slide 281.5-1,O41/2 (also shown in Fig. 3.1 ); 4, dorsal view of the dorsal surface with partial development of parasutures and inferred paratabulation. The quadra-type archeopyle is shown with hatchure. Note the strong reduction of the left antapical horn