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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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Cenomanian (6)
-
Coniacian (1)
-
Frontier Formation (1)
-
Kanguk Formation (1)
-
K-T boundary (2)
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
Santonian (1)
-
Turonian (3)
-
Two Medicine Formation (1)
-
-
Whitemud Formation (1)
-
-
Franciscan Complex (2)
-
Jurassic
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Hettangian (1)
-
middle Liassic (1)
-
Pliensbachian (1)
-
Sinemurian (1)
-
Toarcian (1)
-
upper Liassic (1)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Aalenian (2)
-
Bajocian
-
Brent Group (1)
-
-
Bathonian (4)
-
Callovian (3)
-
Dogger (1)
-
-
Posidonia Shale (1)
-
Smartville Complex (1)
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Kimmeridge Clay (3)
-
Kimmeridgian (2)
-
Portlandian (2)
-
Tithonian (3)
-
-
-
lower Mesozoic (1)
-
Statfjord Formation (1)
-
Triassic
-
Hallstatt Limestone (2)
-
Hawkesbury Sandstone (1)
-
Lower Triassic
-
Bunter (7)
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
-
-
Middle Triassic
-
Anisian (2)
-
Ladinian (1)
-
-
Sherwood Sandstone (10)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Karmutsen Group (1)
-
Keuper (1)
-
Mercia Mudstone (8)
-
Norian (3)
-
Rhaetian
-
Penarth Group (3)
-
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (1)
-
-
MIS 5 (2)
-
MIS 6 (1)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Acadian (2)
-
Conasauga Group (1)
-
Lower Cambrian (1)
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Asbian (9)
-
Dinantian (24)
-
-
Mabou Group (1)
-
Middle Carboniferous (4)
-
Mississippian
-
Barnett Shale (1)
-
Lower Mississippian
-
Kayak Shale (1)
-
Tournaisian (3)
-
-
Middle Mississippian
-
Visean
-
Great Scar Limestone (2)
-
upper Visean (4)
-
-
-
Upper Mississippian
-
Heath Formation (1)
-
Meramecian
-
Saint Louis Limestone (1)
-
-
Serpukhovian (16)
-
-
Windsor Group (2)
-
-
Namurian (29)
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Cumberland Group (2)
-
Hermosa Group (1)
-
Joggins Formation (2)
-
Lower Pennsylvanian
-
Bashkirian (6)
-
-
Mary Lee Coal (1)
-
Middle Pennsylvanian
-
Atokan (2)
-
Carbondale Formation (1)
-
Desmoinesian (1)
-
Moscovian (6)
-
Paradox Formation (1)
-
Tradewater Formation (1)
-
-
Pottsville Group (1)
-
Upper Pennsylvanian
-
Gzhelian (1)
-
Kasimovian (3)
-
Missourian
-
Lansing Group (2)
-
Stanton Formation (1)
-
-
Virgilian
-
Douglas Group (1)
-
Lawrence Formation (1)
-
Shawnee Group (1)
-
-
-
-
Silesian (4)
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Millstone Grit (13)
-
Stephanian (8)
-
Westphalian (36)
-
-
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian
-
Emsian (1)
-
Shap Granite (3)
-
-
Middle Devonian (1)
-
Old Red Sandstone (4)
-
Upper Devonian
-
Famennian
-
upper Famennian (1)
-
-
-
Upper Old Red Sandstone (1)
-
-
Itarare Subgroup (1)
-
Knox Group (1)
-
lower Paleozoic
-
Ashe Formation (1)
-
-
middle Paleozoic
-
Hillabee Chlorite Schist (1)
-
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician
-
Arenigian (1)
-
-
Middle Ordovician (2)
-
Skiddaw Slates (2)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Caradocian
-
Borrowdale Volcanic Group (4)
-
-
-
-
Permian
-
Gharif Formation (2)
-
Guadalupian
-
Capitanian (1)
-
Roadian (1)
-
-
Lower Permian
-
Cisuralian
-
Kungurian (2)
-
Sakmarian (1)
-
-
Leman Sandstone Formation (1)
-
-
Rotliegendes (9)
-
Unayzah Formation (1)
-
Upper Permian
-
Cadeby Formation (3)
-
Lopingian (3)
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
-
Zechstein (14)
-
-
-
Silurian
-
Middle Silurian (1)
-
Upper Silurian
-
Ludlow
-
Ludfordian (1)
-
-
-
-
Talchir Formation (1)
-
upper Paleozoic (9)
-
-
Phanerozoic (9)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (5)
-
Hadean (1)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Mesoproterozoic (3)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Cryogenian (2)
-
Ediacaran (1)
-
McCoy Creek Group (1)
-
Moine Supergroup (1)
-
Torridonian (2)
-
Vendian (1)
-
Walden Creek Group (1)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Aphebian
-
Hurwitz Group (1)
-
-
-
Windermere System (1)
-
-
-
Witwatersrand Supergroup (1)
-
-
Rhenohercynian (2)
-
Saxothuringian (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (5)
-
granophyre (1)
-
hypabyssal rocks (1)
-
kimberlite (4)
-
plutonic rocks
-
diabase (7)
-
diorites
-
plagiogranite (1)
-
trondhjemite (1)
-
-
gabbros
-
norite (1)
-
troctolite (1)
-
-
granites
-
aplite (1)
-
charnockite (2)
-
I-type granites (2)
-
leucogranite (2)
-
S-type granites (2)
-
-
granodiorites (3)
-
lamproite (1)
-
lamprophyres (5)
-
monzodiorite (1)
-
pegmatite (7)
-
syenites (2)
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (1)
-
hornblendite (2)
-
peridotites
-
dunite (1)
-
harzburgite (4)
-
lherzolite (3)
-
spinel lherzolite (1)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
clinopyroxenite (1)
-
-
-
-
porphyry (1)
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites
-
boninite (1)
-
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts (1)
-
flood basalts (2)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (7)
-
olivine basalt (1)
-
shoshonite (1)
-
tholeiite (4)
-
tholeiitic basalt (1)
-
-
glasses
-
perlite (1)
-
-
pyroclastics
-
tuff (4)
-
-
rhyolites (2)
-
-
-
ophiolite (37)
-
volcanic ash (2)
-
wehrlite (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (8)
-
cataclasites (4)
-
eclogite (22)
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (1)
-
biotite gneiss (1)
-
granite gneiss (4)
-
orthogneiss (5)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
granulites
-
kinzigite (1)
-
leptite (1)
-
-
hornfels (1)
-
impactites (1)
-
jadeitite (1)
-
listwanite (1)
-
marbles
-
ophicalcite (4)
-
-
metacarbonate rocks (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (2)
-
metabasite (5)
-
metadiabase (1)
-
metadiorite (1)
-
metagabbro (2)
-
metagranite (1)
-
metaperidotite (1)
-
serpentinite (17)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (11)
-
metasandstone (1)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
serpentinite (17)
-
skarn (4)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (4)
-
migmatites
-
anatexite (1)
-
-
mylonites
-
blastomylonite (1)
-
pseudotachylite (2)
-
-
phyllites (1)
-
quartzites (4)
-
schists
-
blueschist (8)
-
greenschist (2)
-
greenstone (1)
-
muscovite schist (1)
-
-
slates (3)
-
-
ophiolite (37)
-
turbidite (25)
-
-
minerals
-
arsenates (1)
-
arsenides (3)
-
carbonates
-
aragonite (4)
-
calcite (20)
-
cerussite (1)
-
dolomite (5)
-
hydromagnesite (1)
-
leadhillite (1)
-
magnesite (1)
-
malachite (3)
-
rhodochrosite (2)
-
siderite (5)
-
smithsonite (1)
-
spurrite (1)
-
synchysite (1)
-
-
copper minerals (1)
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
halite (2)
-
pyromorphite (1)
-
-
fluorides
-
fluorite (8)
-
humite (1)
-
synchysite (1)
-
-
-
minerals (5)
-
native elements (1)
-
onyx (1)
-
organic minerals
-
amber (2)
-
-
oxides
-
anatase (1)
-
baddeleyite (2)
-
cassiterite (1)
-
chrome spinel (2)
-
chromite (3)
-
corundum (1)
-
hausmannite (1)
-
hematite (4)
-
hydroxides
-
iron hydroxides (4)
-
-
ilmenite (3)
-
iron oxides (2)
-
jacobsite (2)
-
magnetite (2)
-
manganese oxides (1)
-
niobates
-
columbite (1)
-
-
pyrolusite (1)
-
rutile (4)
-
sapphire (1)
-
spinel (7)
-
tantalates
-
microlite (1)
-
tantalite (1)
-
-
thorianite (1)
-
uraninite (1)
-
zirconolite (3)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (26)
-
chlorapatite (1)
-
florencite (1)
-
fluorapatite (1)
-
monazite (12)
-
plumbogummite (1)
-
pyromorphite (1)
-
xenotime (3)
-
-
silicates
-
aluminosilicates (1)
-
asbestos (2)
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
glaucophane (3)
-
nephrite (1)
-
-
-
bavenite (1)
-
carpholite (1)
-
prehnite (2)
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
diopside (4)
-
jadeite (1)
-
omphacite (3)
-
spodumene (2)
-
-
-
wollastonite group
-
wollastonite (1)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
K-feldspar (6)
-
microcline (2)
-
microperthite (1)
-
perthite (2)
-
sanidine (2)
-
-
plagioclase
-
albite (1)
-
andesine (1)
-
oligoclase (1)
-
-
-
leucite (1)
-
silica minerals
-
agate (1)
-
amethyst (1)
-
carnelian (1)
-
chalcedony (2)
-
chrysoprase (1)
-
coesite (3)
-
jasper (1)
-
moganite (1)
-
opal
-
opal-A (1)
-
opal-CT (1)
-
-
quartz
-
smoky quartz (1)
-
-
-
zeolite group
-
analcime (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
andalusite (1)
-
braunite (1)
-
chloritoid (5)
-
garnet group
-
grossular (2)
-
pyrope (2)
-
spessartine (1)
-
-
humite (1)
-
kyanite (5)
-
olivine group
-
forsterite (1)
-
olivine (5)
-
-
sillimanite (3)
-
spurrite (1)
-
staurolite (3)
-
titanite group
-
titanite (3)
-
-
zircon group
-
thorite (1)
-
zircon (71)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
bertrandite (2)
-
epidote group
-
allanite (2)
-
clinozoisite (2)
-
epidote (10)
-
zoisite (5)
-
-
lawsonite (2)
-
melilite group
-
melilite (1)
-
-
pumpellyite group
-
pumpellyite (1)
-
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
beryl (3)
-
cordierite (1)
-
emerald (5)
-
tourmaline group
-
dravite (2)
-
schorl (1)
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chlorite (7)
-
clinochlore (1)
-
-
clay minerals
-
kaolinite (4)
-
montmorillonite (3)
-
saponite (2)
-
smectite (6)
-
vermiculite (1)
-
-
corrensite (1)
-
illite (10)
-
mica group
-
biotite (3)
-
celadonite (1)
-
glauconite (2)
-
muscovite (15)
-
paragonite (1)
-
phengite (4)
-
phlogopite (3)
-
-
sepiolite (1)
-
serpentine group
-
antigorite (1)
-
chrysotile (1)
-
-
stilpnomelane (2)
-
talc (1)
-
-
-
sulfates
-
anhydrite (3)
-
barite (7)
-
brochantite (1)
-
gypsum (3)
-
jarosite (2)
-
leadhillite (1)
-
polyhalite (2)
-
-
sulfides
-
bismuthinite (2)
-
chalcopyrite (2)
-
galena (6)
-
greenockite (1)
-
pyrite (4)
-
pyrrhotite (1)
-
realgar (3)
-
sinnerite (1)
-
sphalerite (7)
-
stibnite (1)
-
-
sulfosalts
-
sulfantimonites
-
tetrahedrite (1)
-
-
sulfarsenites
-
dufrenoysite (1)
-
gratonite (1)
-
jordanite (1)
-
-
sulfobismuthites
-
cosalite (1)
-
-
-
uranium minerals (1)
-
wehrlite (1)
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (119)
-
Africa
-
East Africa
-
Ethiopia (1)
-
-
Madagascar (1)
-
North Africa
-
Algeria
-
Kabylia (1)
-
-
Atlas Mountains
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (1)
-
Middle Atlas (1)
-
-
-
Egypt
-
Nile Delta (1)
-
-
Maghreb (2)
-
Morocco
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (1)
-
Middle Atlas (1)
-
-
Rif
-
Beni Bouchera (1)
-
-
-
Tunisia (2)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Botswana (1)
-
South Africa (2)
-
Zimbabwe (1)
-
-
West Africa
-
Cameroon (1)
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic Peninsula (1)
-
East Antarctica (1)
-
Victoria Land (1)
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Mid-Arctic Ocean Ridge (1)
-
Norwegian Sea
-
Voring Plateau (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (2)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Altai Mountains (1)
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Oman
-
Oman Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Baikal region (1)
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Central Kazakhstan (1)
-
Eastern Kazakhstan (1)
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (1)
-
-
-
-
Far East
-
China
-
Altyn Tagh Fault (1)
-
Dabie Mountains (1)
-
Guangxi China (1)
-
Guizhou China (2)
-
Hainan China (1)
-
Inner Mongolia China
-
Erlian Basin (1)
-
-
Kunlun Mountains (2)
-
Liaoning China
-
Liaodong Peninsula (1)
-
-
North China Platform (1)
-
Qaidam Basin (2)
-
Qiangtang Basin (1)
-
Qilian Mountains (1)
-
Qinghai China (1)
-
Sanjiang (2)
-
Shanxi China (1)
-
Sichuan China (2)
-
South China Block (1)
-
Sulu Terrane (1)
-
Xizang China (6)
-
Yangtze Platform (1)
-
Yangtze River (1)
-
Yunnan China
-
Ailao Shan (2)
-
-
-
Japan
-
Honshu
-
Iwate Japan
-
Kakkonda Field (1)
-
Onikobe Field (1)
-
-
-
Kyushu (1)
-
-
Malay Peninsula
-
West Malaysia
-
Perak Malaysia
-
Kinta Valley (1)
-
-
-
-
Malaysia
-
West Malaysia
-
Perak Malaysia
-
Kinta Valley (1)
-
-
-
-
Philippine Islands (1)
-
Taiwan (1)
-
Vietnam (2)
-
-
Himalayas
-
High Himalayan Crystallines (1)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
Afghanistan (1)
-
India
-
Andhra Pradesh India
-
Khammam India (1)
-
-
Chhattisgarh India (1)
-
Gujarat India
-
Kutch India (2)
-
-
Karnataka India (1)
-
Rajasthan India
-
Aravalli Range (1)
-
-
Satpura Range (1)
-
Tamil Nadu India
-
Kodaikanal India (1)
-
-
Uttar Pradesh India (1)
-
-
Pakistan (1)
-
-
Kamchatka Russian Federation
-
Kamchatka Peninsula (1)
-
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Norilsk region (1)
-
-
-
Magnitogorsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Middle East
-
Dead Sea (1)
-
Iran
-
Elburz (3)
-
Fars Iran (1)
-
Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (2)
-
-
Iraq (1)
-
Jordan (1)
-
Turkey
-
Amasra Basin (1)
-
Anatolia (2)
-
Eskisehir Turkey (1)
-
Lycian Taurus (1)
-
Pontic Mountains (1)
-
Taurus Mountains (2)
-
Zonguldak Turkey (1)
-
-
Zagros (3)
-
-
Okhotsk-Chukchi volcanic belt (1)
-
Rudny Altai (1)
-
Russian Pacific region (1)
-
Sayan
-
Eastern Sayan (1)
-
-
Siberia (1)
-
Siberian Platform (1)
-
Tibetan Plateau (3)
-
Tuva Russian Federation (1)
-
West Siberia (1)
-
Zabaykalskiy Russian Federation (1)
-
-
associations (1)
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
Mid-Atlantic Ridge (1)
-
North Atlantic
-
Baltic Sea (1)
-
Bay of Biscay (2)
-
English Channel (3)
-
Faeroe-Shetland Basin (2)
-
Gorringe Bank (1)
-
Irish Sea (7)
-
North Sea
-
East Shetland Basin (1)
-
Viking Graben (2)
-
-
Northeast Atlantic (2)
-
Porcupine Basin (1)
-
Reykjanes Ridge (1)
-
Scotian Shelf (1)
-
Scotian Slope (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Canary Islands
-
Fuerteventura (1)
-
-
Faeroe Islands (1)
-
Shetland Islands (1)
-
-
atmosphere (2)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Adelaide Geosyncline (1)
-
Musgrave Ranges (1)
-
New South Wales Australia
-
Northparkes Mine (1)
-
-
Queensland Australia
-
Burdekin River (1)
-
-
South Australia
-
Flinders Ranges (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Carnarvon Basin (1)
-
Hamersley Basin (1)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Bay of Plenty (1)
-
Otago Schist (1)
-
Taupo (1)
-
Wairakei (1)
-
-
Tasman orogenic zone (1)
-
-
bacteria (2)
-
barite deposits (10)
-
bentonite deposits (1)
-
bibliography (6)
-
biogeography (9)
-
biography (13)
-
bitumens (3)
-
boron (1)
-
brines (13)
-
Canada
-
Arctic Archipelago (1)
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
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New Brunswick
-
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Crinozoa
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Crinoidea (5)
-
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Echinozoa
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Echinoidea (2)
-
-
-
Mollusca
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Bivalvia
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Heterodonta
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Rudistae (1)
-
-
Pterioida
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Pteriina
-
Anthraconauta (1)
-
-
-
-
Cephalopoda
-
Ammonoidea
-
Goniatitida
-
Goniatitidae
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Goniatites (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Gastropoda (4)
-
Tentaculitida (1)
-
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera
-
Fusulinina
-
Fusulinidae (1)
-
-
Rotaliina
-
Rotaliacea
-
Nummulitidae
-
Nummulites (2)
-
-
-
-
-
Radiolaria (7)
-
-
Vermes
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Annelida (2)
-
Phoronida (1)
-
Polychaeta
-
Serpulidae (2)
-
-
-
-
isostasy (5)
-
isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
-
Al-26 (2)
-
Be-10 (3)
-
C-14 (7)
-
Cl-36 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (8)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (6)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (6)
-
Pb-210 (1)
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (3)
-
U-238/U-235 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-36 (2)
-
Ar-40 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (2)
-
C-13/C-12 (33)
-
D/H (8)
-
deuterium (3)
-
He-4/He-3 (3)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
-
Kr-84 (2)
-
N-15/N-14 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (11)
-
O-18/O-16 (37)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (8)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (6)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (6)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (12)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (3)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (18)
-
Xe-129 (1)
-
-
-
land subsidence (5)
-
land use (2)
-
lava (7)
-
limestone deposits (1)
-
lineation (6)
-
magmas (22)
-
mantle (37)
-
maps (11)
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marine geology (1)
-
Mediterranean region
-
Aegean Islands
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Greek Aegean Islands
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Cyclades
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Naxos (1)
-
-
-
-
Calabrian Arc (1)
-
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
East Mediterranean
-
Aegean Sea (2)
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Ionian Sea (1)
-
-
West Mediterranean
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Alboran Sea (2)
-
Gulf of Lion (2)
-
Ligurian Sea (1)
-
Tyrrhenian Sea (2)
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Bahariya Formation (1)
-
Gosau Formation (1)
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (7)
-
Aptian (4)
-
Wealden (1)
-
Zubair Formation (1)
-
-
Middle Cretaceous (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Blackhawk Formation (1)
-
Campanian (4)
-
Cenomanian (6)
-
Coniacian (1)
-
Frontier Formation (1)
-
Kanguk Formation (1)
-
K-T boundary (2)
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
Santonian (1)
-
Turonian (3)
-
Two Medicine Formation (1)
-
-
Whitemud Formation (1)
-
-
Franciscan Complex (2)
-
Jurassic
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Hettangian (1)
-
middle Liassic (1)
-
Pliensbachian (1)
-
Sinemurian (1)
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Toarcian (1)
-
upper Liassic (1)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Aalenian (2)
-
Bajocian
-
Brent Group (1)
-
-
Bathonian (4)
-
Callovian (3)
-
Dogger (1)
-
-
Posidonia Shale (1)
-
Smartville Complex (1)
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Kimmeridge Clay (3)
-
Kimmeridgian (2)
-
Portlandian (2)
-
Tithonian (3)
-
-
-
lower Mesozoic (1)
-
Statfjord Formation (1)
-
Triassic
-
Hallstatt Limestone (2)
-
Hawkesbury Sandstone (1)
-
Lower Triassic
-
Bunter (7)
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
-
-
Middle Triassic
-
Anisian (2)
-
Ladinian (1)
-
-
Sherwood Sandstone (10)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Karmutsen Group (1)
-
Keuper (1)
-
Mercia Mudstone (8)
-
Norian (3)
-
Rhaetian
-
Penarth Group (3)
-
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (1)
-
-
metal ores
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antimony ores (2)
-
arsenic ores (3)
-
base metals (9)
-
beryllium ores (1)
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bismuth ores (1)
-
chromite ores (1)
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cobalt ores (2)
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copper ores (19)
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gold ores (9)
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iron ores (6)
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lead ores (26)
-
lead-zinc deposits (16)
-
lithium ores (1)
-
manganese ores (5)
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nickel ores (2)
-
platinum ores (2)
-
polymetallic ores (7)
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rare earth deposits (1)
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silver ores (10)
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tellurium ores (1)
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tin ores (2)
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uranium ores (4)
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zinc ores (24)
-
-
metals
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actinides
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thorium (5)
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uranium
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U-238/U-235 (1)
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-
-
alkali metals
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cesium (1)
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lithium (3)
-
potassium (1)
-
rubidium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
sodium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (1)
-
beryllium
-
Be-10 (3)
-
-
calcium (2)
-
radium
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (18)
-
-
-
aluminum
-
Al-26 (2)
-
-
arsenic (4)
-
bismuth (2)
-
cadmium (3)
-
copper (4)
-
gold (2)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
-
-
iron
-
ferric iron (1)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (8)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (6)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (6)
-
Pb-210 (1)
-
-
manganese (2)
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mercury (1)
-
molybdenum (1)
-
nickel (1)
-
niobium (4)
-
platinum group
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platinum ores (2)
-
-
rare earths
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cerium (3)
-
dysprosium (1)
-
gadolinium (1)
-
lanthanum (2)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (11)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (3)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (3)
-
-
terbium (1)
-
yttrium (3)
-
-
silver (3)
-
tantalum (2)
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thallium (4)
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tin (1)
-
titanium (4)
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tungsten (1)
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vanadium (3)
-
zinc (6)
-
zirconium (3)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (8)
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cataclasites (4)
-
eclogite (22)
-
gneisses
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augen gneiss (1)
-
biotite gneiss (1)
-
granite gneiss (4)
-
orthogneiss (5)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
granulites
-
kinzigite (1)
-
leptite (1)
-
-
hornfels (1)
-
impactites (1)
-
jadeitite (1)
-
listwanite (1)
-
marbles
-
ophicalcite (4)
-
-
metacarbonate rocks (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (2)
-
metabasite (5)
-
metadiabase (1)
-
metadiorite (1)
-
metagabbro (2)
-
metagranite (1)
-
metaperidotite (1)
-
serpentinite (17)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (11)
-
metasandstone (1)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
serpentinite (17)
-
skarn (4)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (4)
-
migmatites
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anatexite (1)
-
-
mylonites
-
blastomylonite (1)
-
pseudotachylite (2)
-
-
phyllites (1)
-
quartzites (4)
-
schists
-
blueschist (8)
-
greenschist (2)
-
greenstone (1)
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muscovite schist (1)
-
-
slates (3)
-
-
metamorphism (115)
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metasomatism (42)
-
Mexico
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Baja California (1)
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Puebla Mexico
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Los Humeros (1)
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-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (67)
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mineral exploration (18)
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mineral resources (10)
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mineralogy (5)
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minerals (5)
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mining geology (4)
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Mohorovicic discontinuity (2)
-
mud volcanoes (1)
-
museums (2)
-
nitrogen
-
N-15/N-14 (1)
-
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-36 (2)
-
Ar-40 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (2)
-
-
helium
-
He-4/He-3 (3)
-
-
krypton
-
Kr-84 (2)
-
-
radon (2)
-
xenon
-
Xe-129 (1)
-
-
-
nodules (1)
-
nonmetal deposits (3)
-
North America
-
Appalachian Basin (2)
-
Appalachians
-
Blue Ridge Mountains (1)
-
Blue Ridge Province (3)
-
Central Appalachians (2)
-
Northern Appalachians (2)
-
Piedmont
-
Inner Piedmont (3)
-
-
Southern Appalachians (6)
-
Valley and Ridge Province (1)
-
-
Basin and Range Province (1)
-
Canadian Shield
-
Grenville Province
-
Central Gneiss Belt (1)
-
-
-
Great Plains (1)
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (1)
-
Humber Zone (1)
-
North American Cordillera (3)
-
Rocky Mountains
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Canadian Rocky Mountains (1)
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U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Wind River Range (1)
-
-
-
Western Interior
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Western Interior Seaway (1)
-
-
-
ocean basins (2)
-
Ocean Drilling Program (1)
-
ocean floors (13)
-
Oceania
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Melanesia
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New Caledonia (1)
-
-
-
oceanography (2)
-
oil and gas fields (19)
-
orogeny (119)
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (37)
-
-
Pacific Ocean
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North Pacific
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Northwest Pacific
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South China Sea
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Yinggehai Basin (2)
-
-
-
-
West Pacific
-
Northwest Pacific
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South China Sea
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Yinggehai Basin (2)
-
-
-
-
-
Pacific region
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Circum-Pacific region (1)
-
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paleobotany (2)
-
paleoclimatology (37)
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paleoecology (31)
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paleogeography (90)
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paleomagnetism (10)
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paleontology (3)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Acadian (2)
-
Conasauga Group (1)
-
Lower Cambrian (1)
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Asbian (9)
-
Dinantian (24)
-
-
Mabou Group (1)
-
Middle Carboniferous (4)
-
Mississippian
-
Barnett Shale (1)
-
Lower Mississippian
-
Kayak Shale (1)
-
Tournaisian (3)
-
-
Middle Mississippian
-
Visean
-
Great Scar Limestone (2)
-
upper Visean (4)
-
-
-
Upper Mississippian
-
Heath Formation (1)
-
Meramecian
-
Saint Louis Limestone (1)
-
-
Serpukhovian (16)
-
-
Windsor Group (2)
-
-
Namurian (29)
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Cumberland Group (2)
-
Hermosa Group (1)
-
Joggins Formation (2)
-
Lower Pennsylvanian
-
Bashkirian (6)
-
-
Mary Lee Coal (1)
-
Middle Pennsylvanian
-
Atokan (2)
-
Carbondale Formation (1)
-
Desmoinesian (1)
-
Moscovian (6)
-
Paradox Formation (1)
-
Tradewater Formation (1)
-
-
Pottsville Group (1)
-
Upper Pennsylvanian
-
Gzhelian (1)
-
Kasimovian (3)
-
Missourian
-
Lansing Group (2)
-
Stanton Formation (1)
-
-
Virgilian
-
Douglas Group (1)
-
Lawrence Formation (1)
-
Shawnee Group (1)
-
-
-
-
Silesian (4)
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Millstone Grit (13)
-
Stephanian (8)
-
Westphalian (36)
-
-
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian
-
Emsian (1)
-
Shap Granite (3)
-
-
Middle Devonian (1)
-
Old Red Sandstone (4)
-
Upper Devonian
-
Famennian
-
upper Famennian (1)
-
-
-
Upper Old Red Sandstone (1)
-
-
Itarare Subgroup (1)
-
Knox Group (1)
-
lower Paleozoic
-
Ashe Formation (1)
-
-
middle Paleozoic
-
Hillabee Chlorite Schist (1)
-
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician
-
Arenigian (1)
-
-
Middle Ordovician (2)
-
Skiddaw Slates (2)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Caradocian
-
Borrowdale Volcanic Group (4)
-
-
-
-
Permian
-
Gharif Formation (2)
-
Guadalupian
-
Capitanian (1)
-
Roadian (1)
-
-
Lower Permian
-
Cisuralian
-
Kungurian (2)
-
Sakmarian (1)
-
-
Leman Sandstone Formation (1)
-
-
Rotliegendes (9)
-
Unayzah Formation (1)
-
Upper Permian
-
Cadeby Formation (3)
-
Lopingian (3)
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
-
Zechstein (14)
-
-
-
Silurian
-
Middle Silurian (1)
-
Upper Silurian
-
Ludlow
-
Ludfordian (1)
-
-
-
-
Talchir Formation (1)
-
upper Paleozoic (9)
-
-
palynology (3)
-
palynomorphs
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acritarchs (3)
-
Dinoflagellata (4)
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megaspores (1)
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miospores
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pollen (18)
-
-
-
paragenesis (22)
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permafrost (1)
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petroleum
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natural gas
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coalbed methane (3)
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shale gas (11)
-
-
shale oil (5)
-
-
petrology (29)
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Phanerozoic (9)
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phase equilibria (23)
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phosphorus (1)
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Plantae
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algae
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Chlorophyta (1)
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nannofossils (1)
-
-
Pteridophyta
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Lycopsida (6)
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Sphenopsida
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Equisetales
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Calamites (1)
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-
Sphenophyllum (1)
-
-
-
Spermatophyta
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Angiospermae
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Dicotyledoneae
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Alnus (1)
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Ericaceae (1)
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Leguminosae (1)
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Salix (1)
-
-
Monocotyledoneae
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Gramineae (1)
-
-
-
Gymnospermae
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Coniferales
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Taxodiaceae
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Sequoia (1)
-
-
-
Cordaitales
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Cordaites (1)
-
-
Dadoxylon (1)
-
Pteridospermae
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Neuropteris (1)
-
-
-
-
-
plate tectonics (122)
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pollution (8)
-
Precambrian
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Archean (5)
-
Hadean (1)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (1)
-
upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
-
Mesoproterozoic (3)
-
Neoproterozoic
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Cryogenian (2)
-
Ediacaran (1)
-
McCoy Creek Group (1)
-
Moine Supergroup (1)
-
Torridonian (2)
-
Vendian (1)
-
Walden Creek Group (1)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Aphebian
-
Hurwitz Group (1)
-
-
-
Windermere System (1)
-
-
-
Witwatersrand Supergroup (1)
-
-
problematic fossils
-
problematic microfossils (1)
-
-
reclamation (1)
-
reefs (1)
-
remote sensing (13)
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reservoirs (1)
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roads (2)
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rock mechanics (10)
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salt deposits (1)
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sea water (4)
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sea-floor spreading (11)
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sea-level changes (38)
-
sedimentary petrology (21)
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sedimentary rocks
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carbonate rocks
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chalk (4)
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dolostone (9)
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grainstone (1)
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limestone
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dolomitic limestone (1)
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microbialite (1)
-
-
-
chemically precipitated rocks
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chert (5)
-
evaporites
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salt (1)
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flint (1)
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ironstone (2)
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phosphate rocks (1)
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siliceous sinter (1)
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-
clastic rocks
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arenite (1)
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arkose (1)
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bentonite (7)
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black shale (9)
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claystone (1)
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conglomerate (11)
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diatomite (1)
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eolianite (1)
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graywacke (2)
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marl (4)
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mudstone (33)
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radiolarite (1)
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red beds (7)
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sandstone (74)
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shale (20)
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siltstone (13)
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tonstein (3)
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coal
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bituminous coal (2)
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gas shale (3)
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oil shale (2)
-
-
sedimentary structures
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bedding plane irregularities
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flute casts (1)
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biogenic structures
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algal structures
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algal mats (1)
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bioherms (2)
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bioturbation (5)
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lebensspuren (2)
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planar bedding structures
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bedding (1)
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cross-bedding (1)
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cross-stratification (3)
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cyclothems (6)
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hummocky cross-stratification (2)
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laminations (4)
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rhythmic bedding (2)
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rhythmite (2)
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sand bodies (6)
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secondary structures
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concretions (2)
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stylolites (2)
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soft sediment deformation
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clastic dikes (2)
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olistoliths (3)
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olistostromes (7)
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-
-
sedimentation (80)
-
sediments
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clastic sediments
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alluvium (3)
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boulder clay (1)
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boulders (4)
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clay (3)
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cobbles (2)
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diamicton (2)
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drift (1)
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dust (1)
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erratics (5)
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gravel (4)
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loess (2)
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mud (2)
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outwash (1)
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overbank sediments (1)
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pebbles (4)
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sand (7)
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silt (2)
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till (5)
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marine sediments (2)
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peat (12)
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seismology (3)
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selenium (1)
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shorelines (1)
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slope stability (11)
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soil mechanics (6)
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soils
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laterites (1)
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South America
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Amazon Basin (1)
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Andes (2)
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Argentina
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Pampean Mountains (1)
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Brazil
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Ceara Brazil (1)
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Minas Gerais Brazil (1)
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Chile (1)
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Ecuador (1)
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Peru (1)
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Southern Hemisphere (1)
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spectroscopy (3)
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springs (2)
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standard materials (2)
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stratigraphy (30)
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structural analysis (40)
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structural geology (32)
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sulfur
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S-34/S-32 (12)
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symposia (13)
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tectonics
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neotectonics (15)
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salt tectonics (6)
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tectonophysics (8)
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thermal waters (3)
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tunnels (6)
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underground installations (2)
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United States
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Alabama (3)
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Alaska
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Brooks Range (1)
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Prudhoe Bay Field (1)
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Arkansas (1)
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Arkoma Basin (1)
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
northern Pennines
Early publications on the stratigraphy of the northern Pennines at the turn of the nineteenth century and the first long stratigraphic sections Available to Purchase
Plumbogummite from Upper Teesdale, County Durham, Northern Pennines, UK Available to Purchase
Cumbria and the northern Pennines Available to Purchase
Abstract Carboniferous rocks within the Cumbria and northern Pennines region are bound by the Maryport-Stublick-Ninety Fathom Fault System, which forms the northern boundary of the Lake District and Alston blocks (Fig. 37). In the Pennines, the succession occupies the Alston and Askrigg blocks and the intervening Stainmore Trough, a broadly east-west trending graben. Carboniferous strata also flank the Lake District Block, occurring at outcrop in north Cumbria, Furness and Cartmel (south Cumbria) and the Vale of Eden, and in the subsurface in west Cumbria. The Askrigg Block succession is separated from that of the Craven Basin (Chapter 11), to the south, by the Craven Fault System. All of the stages of the Carboniferous, with the exception of the Stephanian, are present at outcrop. The oldest Tournaisian strata occur at outcrop along the flanks of the Lake District Block and within the Stainmore Trough. They are represented by continental and peritidal deposits (Ravenstonedale Group), and locally associated with volcanic rocks (Cockermouth Volcanic Formation of north Cumbria). The Ravenstonedale Group is diachronous, occurring later on the structural highs, with deposition during Chadian times on the Askrigg Block and Holkerian times on the Alston Block. The Ravenstonedale Group is overlain by upper Tournaisian to upper Visean platform carbonate rocks (Great Scar Limestone Group), which initially developed on the flanks of the Lake District Block, but by late Asbian times extended across the entire region (Mitchell 1978).